EP2852723B1 - Metallic frame structure, assembly kit for mobile housing, mobile housing and hollow profile - Google Patents

Description

The invention lies in the field of container-shaped, modular and mobile housing. Such dwellings can in particular be residential containers, office containers or room cells. These serve to offer rooms for living and/or working in places where they are needed temporarily and temporarily. Examples of this are office containers for construction workers and designers near a construction site or overnight accommodations for aid workers and victims in disaster areas. The mobile dwelling must have certain minimum dimensions in order to be able to accommodate the items and equipment required for the intended purpose, for example sleeping and work furniture and the like. In addition, the dwelling must be stable enough to withstand possible strong weather conditions and, if necessary, to be stackable to form a residential or work area.

One of the construction methods for office containers that is commercially very successful and has a high level of acceptance, particularly for use on construction sites, is a sea container-like, modular structure, which is widespread in Europe and particularly in Germany. In recent years there also seems to be a trend towards the use of such modular structures in the Far East, in North America and elsewhere. There are different versions, from light, inexpensive constructions to heavy and higher-quality constructions that follow the highest safety standards. They offer good thermal insulation and meet building code requirements in most developed countries.

However, there are disadvantages associated with the manufacture, shipping and handling of such large modular units. In particular, the manufacture of the common container frame is very labor-intensive and requires extensive welding work and much surface processing, so it may take a long time to manufacture. Furthermore, the size and width of such modules are usually limited to the height and width of a transport vehicle, which makes it impractical and expensive to cover large distances (especially when transporting overseas) for larger units. In addition, the loading and unloading of previously standard office containers, even when folded, requires special equipment such as cranes and forklifts. Due to the low production speed and the limited transport options, a sudden high demand, for example in the case of natural disasters, cannot be met easily.

WO 2010/080072 A2 discloses an aluminum profile with a square cross-section, the four edges of which are constructed identically. Each edge includes two shallow depressions and one central, deeper depression that extends in a groove shape along the longitudinal axis of the profile. A number of such profiles can be assembled into a frame structure, for example into offices, accommodation and the like. While the deeper groove serves as a connecting means for assembling several profiles together to form the frame structure, a holding element is inserted in each of the shallow depressions. A wall element can be inserted between two adjacent holding elements and held in a clamped connection by means of the holding elements.

U.S. 2011/000146 A1 discloses an enclosure for a bed or private lounge. This housing has a frame structure which is composed of profiles. The profiles are extruded aluminum profiles that are screwed together to form the frame structure. To increase the strength of the frame structure, also employs a base frame and reinforcement materials formed of steel.

Further revealed U.S. 2008/0053015 A1 an angle element bent from sheet metal. The angle element has a folded section that allows it to be hung on an L-shaped steel beam. For this purpose, the folded section encompasses one side of the steel girder.

In the U.S. 2005/0084324 A1 a housing for a ventilation system is described, which has a frame composed of hollow profiles. The hollow profiles are bent from sheet steel and connected to one another using corner fittings.

The object of the invention is to provide a mobile dwelling, a frame structure and a kit for this, as well as a corresponding hollow profile for the frame structure, which can be manufactured inexpensively and made available at short notice. In particular, such dwellings should be characterized by short-term availability and simple interim storage.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a metal frame structure with the features of claim 1, by a kit with the features of claim 10, by a housing with the features of claim 11 and by a hollow profile with the features of claim 13. Advantageous developments of the invention are listed in the dependent claims.

The invention is based on the consideration of providing a system of profiles for assembling a mobile dwelling, wherein the profiles are first assembled in a simple and safe manner to form a frame structure of the dwelling. This frame structure can then be further wall, roof and floor elements can be expanded to form the complete dwelling. The profiles can be detachably connected to one another, ie in particular by means of plug-in, clamp and/or screw connections. This eliminates the usual and necessary welding work during assembly. In this way, the assembly costs and the assembly times of such dwellings could be reduced. In addition, a short-term availability, a simple interim storage and an exchange of such dwellings between the different uses would be possible.

The devices described herein have a number of advantages due to the use of profiles with longitudinal structures that can be designed as desired. They can provide a consistent and systematic design for relatively strong and rigid metal frame structures that are transportable and stackable. They allow easy assembly, flexible construction in terms of size, high mobility and efficient assembly and disassembly. Due to the large number of possible longitudinal structure designs, they allow many functionalities, a fast manufacturing process, the use of sustainable manufacturing processes, low production costs, simplification of storage, packaging, transport, handling, care and repair. Furthermore, the use of many standard types of floor, roof and wall elements is made possible.

Due to the longitudinal structuring of the profiles, they can also have greater rigidity and flexural strength, so that metal profiles with a lower wall thickness can be used in return. This allows the weight and costs to be kept low.

The containerized modular mobile home is a self-contained, modular, self-supporting building that is portable and can be used as a temporary office, living space, or emergency shelter. Such a dwelling resembles a usual sea container in shape and size. However, it has a much lighter one Frame construction, which usually has to be built according to binding building regulations. Such modular dwellings can be combined and/or stacked to construct two-, three- or higher-story structures. In particular, what distinguishes such container-like modular buildings from other types of modular constructions is the construction of the frame, which gives the office container its characteristic container shape. The metallic frame structure and thus also the mobile housing formed from it preferably has a length of at least 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 meters, a width of at least 1, 1.5 or 2 meters and/or a height of at least 1.1 .5, 2 or 2.5 meters. The housing preferably has the dimensions of a 20-foot or a 40-foot ISO container. In preferred embodiments, the mobile dwelling can have a width of up to 3 meters, a length of up to 10 or 13 meters and/or a height of up to 3 meters, optionally in combination with one of the aforementioned dimensions.

The metallic frame structure comprises a lower floor frame, an upper roof frame and vertical supports, in particular four such supports along vertical edges of the frame structure, which connect the two floor and roof frames together. The preferably rectangular floor frame is formed from horizontal main floor profiles which are detachably connected to one another. Accordingly, the preferably rectangular roof frame is formed from horizontal main roof profiles which are detachably connected to one another. Floor main profile and roof main profile can also be referred to as floor beams and roof beams, respectively, while the vertical supports or support profiles can be referred to as vertical beams.

The vertically arranged support profiles connect the floor frame to the roof frame in parallel arrangement at a vertical distance from each other by means of a detachable connection. A rigid connection between the two frames is preferably formed by means of the support profiles. The support profiles are designed and arranged in such a way that when two or more are stacked several frame structures, or a stack of two dwellings each comprising such a frame structure, a stacked further frame structure or further dwelling is mainly supported by means of the vertical support profiles. In other words, an upper frame structure is supported essentially only by means of the support profiles of the lower frame structure. The load distribution is therefore hardly or not at all, for example via wall elements that complete the dwelling, but do not have to absorb or transmit any forces themselves.

Each support profile forms a bottom corner connection by means of the adjoining main floor profiles of the floor frame and a roof corner connection by means of the adjoining main roof profiles of the roof frame. These corner joints not only play an important role in connecting the horizontal and vertical main beams, i.e. the frame main profiles, the roof main profiles and the support profiles. They also form the attachment points, for example when moving with a crane. Several dwellings or frame structures can also be firmly connected to one another at their corners or fixed to one another. In addition, in advantageous embodiments, the entry and exit points for rainwater are located at these corners.

At least one of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or support profiles is a hollow profile made of metal, which has a longitudinal structure extending along the longitudinal direction of the profile and emanating from an outer profile surface, which is designed as a longitudinal elevation or longitudinal depression or longitudinal groove and is transverse at its attachment to the profile outer surface has a shoulder width of less than 20, 15 or 10 millimeters to the longitudinal direction of the profile. The hollow profile can partially or completely have a round, circular, oval, square, rectangular and/or polygonal cross section. The fact that the longitudinal structure is formed starting from an outer profile surface means that, viewed geometrically, it consists of a circumference of the Cross-section of the hollow profile protrudes inwards or outwards. The beginning of the longitudinal structure lies on the circumference of the cross section and has a maximum extent of 10, 15 or 25 millimeters along the circumference and thus transversely or perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the profile. If the longitudinal structure protrudes inwards from the shoulder on the circumference of the hollow profile cross-section, it is a longitudinal depression or longitudinal groove, ie a groove which extends along the longitudinal direction of the profile. In contrast, there is talk of a longitudinal elevation, ie an elevation on the hollow profile along the longitudinal direction of the profile, if the longitudinal structure protrudes outwards from the base on the circumference of the hollow profile cross section.

The longitudinal structures discussed here also each have a height, i.e. an extension perpendicular to the hollow profile surface measured from the base or from the circumference of the hollow profile cross-section inwards or outwards, of at least 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 millimeters or more. This means that the longitudinal structure protrudes at least by this height from the circumference of the cross section of the hollow profile inwards in the case of a longitudinal groove or outwards in the case of a longitudinal elevation.

The longitudinal structure serves to form assembly opportunities for detachable connections of elements with the hollow profile. In particular, the bottom corner connection and/or the roof corner connection can be formed by means of the longitudinal structure. A longitudinal structure in the form of a longitudinal elevation on the support profile can serve to form a contact surface for placing the main floor profile and/or the main roof profile during assembly. The longitudinal elevation can also make it possible to drill a hole through it in order to form a screw connection between the profiles to be connected to one another.

Further elements and connection parts can be provided as part of the floor corner connection and/or the roof corner connection. In particular embodiments, stacking elements or stacking plates are provided, which support the profiles upwards and/or downwards to graduate. They form contact surfaces to distribute the load of frame structures or dwellings stacked on top of one another to the supporting profiles underneath. Furthermore, reinforcement elements can be provided in the form of reinforcement inserts or reinforcement sleeves, which are pushed into adjacent hollow profiles at the connections in order to facilitate assembly as guide elements and to stabilize the connections themselves.

Angle elements and fastening brackets can also be provided in order to strengthen the bottom corner connection and/or the roof corner connection. For example, in the case of a corner connection, such a fastening bracket can exclusively or additionally fix two main floor profiles or main roof profiles which abut on the support profile.

However, in order to produce hollow profiles with greater stability and load-bearing capacity, it is advantageous to produce them from sheet metal, in particular from sheet steel. For this purpose, the hollow profile with the longitudinal structure is formed from a one-piece, two-piece or multiple-piece bent metal sheet, preferably steel sheet, which is welded along the longitudinal direction of the profile, the longitudinal structure starting from the outer surface of the profile being formed by bending. Instead of welding, other connection methods can alternatively also be used in order to close the bent metal sheets along the longitudinal direction of the profile, so that a hollow profile is created. The metal sheet preferably has a thickness of at least 1, 2, 3 or 4 millimeters, but the metal sheet thickness is preferably between 2 and 5 millimeters.

Welding the bent sheet metal along the longitudinal direction of the profile can significantly increase the flexural rigidity and the strength of the profile, particularly under pressure along the longitudinal direction of the profile.

For simple profile structures, the metal sheet can be bent using a press brake. However, it is necessary for the hollow profiles with complex longitudinal structures, which are advantageously exclusively used here, to be produced by means of roll profiling or other suitable methods. The roll forming or cold rolling of profiles, a continuous bending process in which strip material made of sheet metal is gradually formed by a number of pairs of rollers to the desired final cross-section, allows the production of hollow profiles of almost any length with longitudinal structures, as explained above and below. The profiles with longitudinal structures explained here can be produced by means of roll forming at a significantly higher speed and thus with a significantly higher throughput in comparison to press brakes. For example, a complete set of profiles for a frame structure, including main, floor and roof profiles and secondary profiles, can be produced within 5 to 10 minutes. These profiles can then be plugged and/or screwed together into a frame structure within an hour or two. The assembly of common office containers, where the profiles have to be connected by welding, can take up to 6 or 8 hours of work.

The longitudinal structure in the form of a longitudinal elevation can be a fold, doubling or fold of the metal sheet. In this case, the shoulder width is only about twice the thickness of the metal sheet, and the metal on one side of the fold touches the metal on the other side of the fold. Such a fold or a longitudinal increase, in which there is a distance between the two metal sides of the longitudinal increase in the millimeter range, can be easily drilled, for example to enable a screw connection that can be placed anywhere along the longitudinal direction of the profile.

When viewing the hollow profile in cross-section, the longitudinal structure preferably has a finger-shaped, triangular, rectangular, square, T-shaped, dovetail-shaped or circular cross-section. The longitudinal structure preferably widens starting from the base. This means that the longitudinal structure has a smaller width (equal to the attachment width) along the circumference of the hollow profile than further away from the circumference. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a longitudinal groove, which can then accommodate a sliding block which can be displaced as desired along the longitudinal direction of the profile in the longitudinal groove. If the slot nut has a threaded hole, a screw connection that can be placed variably along the longitudinal direction of the slot can be produced as a result. In other words, the longitudinal structure of the hollow profile in such embodiments is designed as a longitudinal groove in which a sliding block with an internal thread is arranged, with the sliding block forming a screw connection by means of which one of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or supporting profiles is connected to another of the main floor profiles , Roof main profiles and / or support profiles is detachably connected. As described below, such a screw connection can also be used to attach other elements such as secondary floor profiles or secondary roof profiles to the main floor profiles or main roof profiles.

As explained above in connection with the support profile, it is provided in an expedient embodiment that the longitudinal structure of the hollow profile is designed as a longitudinal elevation or longitudinal groove in such a way that it forms a contact edge for laying on a section of one of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or support profiles. The contact edge stretched along the longitudinal direction of the profile can be formed on a first main floor profile, main roof profile and/or support profile in order to allow a second profile to be placed, which is to be connected to the first profile. This contact edge supports and supports the secure connection and also serves as a guide element when arranging the profiles to be connected. The hollow profile preferably has two longitudinal structures designed as longitudinal elevations, which form a longitudinal channel between them, in particular a C-shaped or U-shaped longitudinal channel. In the frame structure, in certain embodiments, the longitudinal channel accommodates a portion of another profile. For example, the longitudinal channel can be formed on the supporting profile and can accommodate the end or the face of a main floor and/or roof profile. Alternatively or additionally, the longitudinal channel can be designed as a rain gutter and/or waste water channel. Finally, in advantageous embodiments, the longitudinal channel can serve to accommodate wall, floor or roof elements. A C-shaped or U-shaped longitudinal channel can also be formed by means of only one longitudinal elevation in the present sense, which forms a boundary of the longitudinal channel. In this case, the further delimitation of the longitudinal channel is formed by means of a fold, for example a 90-degree fold.

Depending on requirements, the hollow profile can have at least three, four or five longitudinal structures in advantageous embodiments, each of which is designed as a longitudinal elevation or longitudinal groove. For example, the support profiles can have four longitudinal elevations which, in pairs, each form a longitudinal channel for applying the floor and roof main profiles. The main floor profiles can in turn have, for example, two triangular or T-shaped longitudinal grooves in which sliding blocks with threaded holes are arranged, as well as a longitudinal channel for accommodating wall elements and a longitudinal recess or longitudinal groove for accommodating floor elements. Finally, the main roof profiles can each have one or two longitudinal grooves in which sliding blocks with threaded holes are arranged, a longitudinal channel for accommodating wall elements, an opposite longitudinal channel as a rain gutter and a longitudinal elevation in the form of a fold to hold a roof element.

In preferred embodiments of the frame structure, the housing or the kit, the main floor profiles each have one or two longitudinal grooves and one or two longitudinal elevations, the main roof profiles each have one or two longitudinal grooves and one or two longitudinal elevations, and the support profiles each have two, three or four longitudinal elevations.

In an advantageous development, it is provided that secondary floor profiles, which are each arranged between two parallel main floor profiles and are detachably connected to the two parallel main floor profiles, and/or secondary roof profiles, which are each arranged between two parallel main roof profiles and are detachably connected to the two parallel main roof profiles, wherein the secondary floor profiles are supported or mounted by longitudinal structures of the main floor profiles and/or the secondary roof profiles are supported or mounted by longitudinal structures of the main roof profiles. The secondary roof profiles form part of the roof frame and serve to stiffen them horizontally. In addition, they offer additional support surfaces for roof elements or for a roof cladding, which can be arranged on them to close the dwelling at the top. Likewise, the secondary floor profiles form part of the floor frame and serve to stiffen them horizontally. Floor elements can be arranged on the secondary floor profiles in order to close the dwelling at the bottom and to offer an interior space that can be walked on. If the base of the frame structure or housing is rectangular, i.e. if two of the main floor profiles or the main roof profiles are longer than the other two, the secondary floor profiles or secondary floor profiles are preferably attached to the longer main floor profiles or main roof profiles.

According to an expedient embodiment, it is provided that the longitudinal structure of the hollow profile is designed as a longitudinal groove, in which a sliding block with an internal thread is arranged, with the T-nut a screw is formed, by means of which the secondary profiles are detachably connected to the main floor profiles and / or main roof profiles. The longitudinal groove is thus formed on one or more of the main floor profiles and/or main roof profiles, preferably along the longer main floor profiles or main roof profiles. The hollow profile expediently has two longitudinal grooves running parallel to one another, which can be used to fix the secondary profile more securely to the hollow profile by means of two screw connections.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the longitudinal structure of the hollow profile is designed as a longitudinal groove in which a holding section or insertion element of the secondary profile engages in order to form plug-in connections between the hollow profile and the secondary profiles.

In a simple embodiment, the secondary floor profiles are designed as open C or I profiles. Preferably, however, it is provided that the secondary floor profiles are each formed as a hollow profile from a one-piece, two-piece or multi-piece bent metal sheet, preferably steel sheet. The metal sheet can preferably be welded along the longitudinal direction of the profile in order to provide a robust hollow profile structure. The secondary floor profiles can be attached to the floor or roof main profiles by means of screw connections. Alternatively or additionally, a section or an insertion element of a secondary floor profile can engage in a longitudinal groove of the floor or roof main profile, preferably engaging in a form-fitting manner such that a plug-in or clamped connection is created.

The metallic frame structure described herein in all its possible embodiments can be used to form a container-shaped, modular and mobile dwelling, in particular a living container, an office container or a room cell. For this purpose, wall elements, roof elements and floor elements are attached to the frame structure arranged, which together with the frame structure enclose an interior of the dwelling. The wall elements, roof elements and/or floor elements can in particular have heat insulation means and they can preferably be fireproof. Furthermore, one or more of these elements may have openings for doors, windows, vents and the like.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the wall elements, roof elements and/or floor elements are arranged on respective longitudinal elevations and/or in respective longitudinal grooves of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or support profiles. Preferably, some or all main floor profiles, some or all main roof profiles and/or some or all support profiles have folds on their sides facing away from the interior of the housing, which run parallel to the wall elements, roof elements and/or floor elements and thus the supporting edges or joints of these Hide elements on the associated profiles.

The metal frame structure or the container-shaped, modular and mobile housing with the frame structure is preferably provided in the form of a kit. This kit therefore includes the main floor and roof profiles either individually or assembled into a floor frame or roof frame, as well as the support profiles. When folded, the kit can be stored to save space and transported easily.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf eine Rahmenstruktur gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 2

eine Explosionsdarstellung der Rahmenstruktur aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Bodeneckverbindung einer Rahmenstruktur mit Wand- und Bodenelementen und einem Sekundärbodenprofil, gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 4

eine Teil-Explosionsdarstellung der Bodeneckverbindung aus der Fig. 3 ohne Wand- und Bodenelemente und Sekundärbodenprofil;

Fig. 5

eine Dacheckverbindung einer Rahmenstruktur mit Wand- und Dachelementen und einem Sekundärdachprofil, gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 6

eine Teil-Explosionsdarstellung der Dacheckverbindung aus der Fig. 5 ohne Wand- und Dachelemente und Sekundärdachprofil;

Fig. 7

ein Boden- oder Dachhauptprofil und ein zugehöriges Sekundärprofil;

Fig. 8

die Profile aus der Fig. 7, welche mittels einer Steckverbindung verbunden sind;

Fig. 9

unterschiedliche bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen eines Stützprofils in Querschnittansicht;

Fig. 10

unterschiedliche bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen eines Dachhauptprofils in Querschnittansicht;

Fig. 11

unterschiedliche bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen eines Bodenhauptprofils in Querschnittansicht;

Fig. 12

unterschiedliche bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen von Boden- oder Dachhauptprofilen, welche für Steckverbindungen geeignet sind, in Querschnittansicht; und

Fig. 13

einen Querschnitt eines imaginären Hohlprofils zur Verdeutlichung und Erläuterung unterschiedlicher Längsstrukturausführungen.

The invention is explained below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. Here show:

1

a perspective view of a frame structure according to a preferred embodiment;

2

an exploded view of the frame structure 1 ;

3

a floor corner connection of a frame structure with wall and floor elements and a secondary floor profile, according to a preferred embodiment;

4

a partial exploded view of the Bodeneckverbindung from the 3 without wall and floor elements and secondary floor profile;

figure 5

a roof corner connection of a frame structure with wall and roof elements and a secondary roof profile, according to a preferred embodiment;

6

a partial exploded view of the roof corner connection from FIG figure 5 without wall and roof elements and secondary roof profile;

7

a bottom or roof main profile and an associated secondary profile;

8

the profiles from the 7 , which are connected by means of a plug connection;

9

different preferred configurations of a support profile in a cross-sectional view;

10

different preferred configurations of a main roof profile in a cross-sectional view;

11

different preferred configurations of a main floor profile in a cross-sectional view;

12

different preferred configurations of floor or roof main profiles, which are suitable for plug connections, in cross-sectional view; and

13

a cross section of an imaginary hollow profile to illustrate and explain different longitudinal structure designs.

the 1 shows a perspective view of a frame structure for a mobile dwelling, in particular for an office container, a residential container or a room cell. The frame structure has a cuboid structure with a floor frame and a roof frame, which are connected to one another via the support profiles 3 . The floor frame is formed from four main floor profiles 1 connected to one another via the support profiles 3 and a multiplicity of secondary floor profiles 41 which are arranged between the two longer main floor profiles 1 and mounted on them. In Similarly, four main roof profiles 2 connected to one another via the support profiles 3 and a large number of secondary roof profiles 42 form the roof frame.

The main floor profiles 1 are detachably connected to the support profiles 3 at floor corner connections, while the main roof profiles 2 are connected to the support profiles 3 at roof corner connections. These corner connections form essential elements of the present frame structure and are explained in more detail below. A plurality of retaining bores 51 are also provided at the corners of the frame structure, which are used to connect the frame structure to one or more other frame structures. A further frame structure can be stacked on top of the frame structure, for example. Here, the load of the further frame structure is preferably essentially completely taken up by the four supporting profiles 3 of the frame structure, so that no vertical force due to the stacking presses on the main floor profiles 1 or the main roof profiles 2 . The frame structure from 1 can be completed with wall, roof and floor panels to form the complete dwelling.

the 2 is an exploded view of the frame structure from the 1 . It can be seen here that the support profiles 3 are each terminated on both sides with stacking plates 31 . A stacking plate 31 serves on the one hand to protect the interior of the associated support profile 3 from dirt and water. In addition, it offers a support surface for a further frame structure stacked on the frame structure. Furthermore, in the 2 Reinforcement sleeves 32 shown, which are inserted at the ends of the main floor profiles 1 and the main roof profiles 2 in the main floor profiles 1 and in the main roof profiles 2 and thus reinforce the respective corner connection.

How from the 1 and 2 recognizable, the secondary floor profiles 41 and the secondary roof profiles 42 are I-profiles, also called double-T-beams or double-T-profiles. Alternatively, others can Types of profiles are used, in particular profiles made of bent sheet metal and preferably welded along a longitudinal direction to form hollow profiles, preferably made of sheet steel.

A possible implementation of a Bodeneckverbindung is in the Figures 3 and 4 illustrated, where the 3 a three-dimensional sectional drawing and 4 Figure 13 is an exploded view of the bottom corner connection. The connection between two main floor profiles 11 , 12 striking the support profile 3 is formed via the support profile 3 . The floor rails 11, 12 are a long floor rail 11 extending along a length of the frame structure and a short floor rail 12 of the floor frame extending along a width of the frame structure. The support profile 3 has an essentially square cross section and four longitudinal structures 74, 75 in the form of folds or folds of the metal sheet from which the support profile 3 has emerged by means of bending. Two longitudinal structures 74, 75 each form the boundaries of a longitudinal channel 82 along the profile longitudinal direction of the support profile 3. The end faces of the floor main profiles 11, 12 are inserted into these longitudinal channels 82 and fixed by means of screws. Here, the screws are inserted through holes in the longitudinal structures 74, 75. The end faces of the main floor profiles 11, 12 resting on the support profile 3 are reinforced by means of inserted reinforcement sleeves 32 in order to avoid an undesirable profile bending there. The support profile 3 is closed at the bottom by a stacking plate 31, which also offers a contact surface for the ends of the main floor profiles 11, 12.

The two main floor profiles 11, 12 essentially have the same cross section. Its cross section is rectangular and is provided with a total of four longitudinal structures 71, 72, 73. Two of the longitudinal structures 71 are designed as longitudinal grooves with a T-shaped cross-section, with a narrow neck at their base on the outer surface of the profile and a widening extending therefrom into the inner region of the hollow profile. In these longitudinal grooves 71 sliding blocks are used with internally threaded holes, which can take screws. On the one hand, they serve to connect the two main floor profiles 11 , 12 directly to one another in the area of the floor corner connection by means of a corner fixing element 52 and at the same time to press against the support profile 3 . By means of the corner fixing element 52 extending between the two main floor profiles 11, 12 around the support profile 3, the floor corner connection is thus secured and strengthened.

In addition, the two parallel longitudinal structures 71 with sliding blocks arranged therein offer the possibility of arranging secondary floor profiles 41 distributed along the longitudinal direction of the profile and fastening them to the main floor profile 1 , 11 . In the embodiment according to FIG Figures 3 and 4 this is done for each secondary floor profile 41 by means of an angle fixing element 53 which is screwed, riveted, welded or fixed in some other way to the secondary floor profile 41 and screwed to sliding blocks in the longitudinal structures 71 . Present are the secondary floor profiles 41, of which in the Figures 3 and 4 only one is shown attached to the long main floor profile 11.

A further longitudinal structure 72 in the form of a longitudinal groove is arranged below the two aforementioned longitudinal structures 71 and accommodates an edge of a floor covering 61 which closes off the housing at the bottom. The floor covering 61 comprises a number of segments which each rest on a lower horizontal surface of adjacent secondary floor profiles 41 . Insulating elements 64 are arranged on the floor covering 61 and inserted into recesses in the secondary floor profiles 41 . Finally, a floor element 63 is provided as the floor of the dwelling. The floor element 63 rests on the upper edges of the main floor profiles 11, 12 and the secondary floor profiles 41.

A further longitudinal structure 73 rises at the outer edges of the main floor profiles 11, 12. This longitudinal structure 73 forms a boundary of a longitudinal channel 81 along each main floor profile 11, 12 and is used for accommodation of the wall elements 62. The wall elements are therefore framed on their outer surfaces facing away from the interior of the housing by external longitudinal structures 73, 75, which are formed as folds on the main floor profiles 11, 12 and the support profile 3. The floor covering 61, the wall elements 62, the floor element 63 and the insulating element 64 from the 3 are in the exploded view of the frame structure in 4 not shown for the sake of clarity.

In the Figures 5 and 6 is the roof check connection according to the Figures 3 and 4 as a three-dimensional sectional drawing in figure 5 and as an exploded drawing in 6 shown. This is the same support profile 3 as in the Figures 3 and 4 shown. This is also closed at the top by means of a stacking plate 31 . In the Figures 5 and 6 Retaining bores 51 are also visible in the stacking plate 31 and in the support profile 3, which can be used to connect several frame structures that are lined up and/or stacked on top of one another.

In the two longitudinal channels 82 formed by means of the longitudinal structures 74, 75 along the support profile 3, end faces of two main roof profiles 21, 22 are now introduced and fixed by means of screws, similar to the main floor profiles 11, 12. The long main roof profile 21 and the short main roof profile 22 are similar in cross-section to the main floor profiles 11, 12 from the 3 and 5 built up. They also have two parallel, suitable for receiving sliding blocks longitudinal structures 71 in the form of longitudinal grooves and their fixation on the support profile 3 is also reinforced by means of reinforcing sleeves 32 and a Eckfixierelement 52, which, however, in the figure 5 is not shown for the sake of clarity.

Likewise, the longitudinal structure 73 on the outer upper edges of the main roof profiles 21, 22 fulfills a function similar to that of the main floor profiles 11, 12, in that they each form an outer boundary of a longitudinal channel 81. Unlike the longitudinal channels 81 in the main floor profiles 11, 12, however, the longitudinal channels 81 in the main roof profiles 21, 22 do not serve to accommodate Wall elements, but preferably as gutters or drains. Correspondingly, the support profile 3 has recesses at the upper end in the extension of the longitudinal channels 81, through which rainwater or waste water can flow out of the longitudinal channels 81 into the hollow profile of the support profile 3 and down there.

Corresponding to the arrangement of the secondary floor profile 41, the floor element 63, the insulating element 64 and the floor paneling 61 in the lower area of the frame structure on the floor main profiles 11, 12, in the upper area of the housing on the roof main profiles 21, 22 are a secondary roof profile 42, a roof inner paneling 65, a further insulating element 64 and a roof element 66 or a roof outer lining 66 are shown attached. The outer roof lining 66 is here folded around a longitudinal structure 76 which is designed in the form of a fold or a fold which inclines into the longitudinal channel 81 . In this way it is ensured that the outer roof paneling 66 is stretched over the interior of the housing and prevents the ingress of rainwater. Because rainwater hitting the outer roof paneling 66 or condensation from snow lying on the outer roof paneling 66 is guided into the longitudinal channels 81 serving as rain gutters and from there into the support profiles 3 . In this case, the longitudinal structure 76 is inclined in the direction of the longitudinal channel 81 in order to support the flow of water from the outer roof lining 66 into the longitudinal channel 81 .

In addition, the main roof profiles 21, 22 each have a further longitudinal structure 77 in the form of a fold extending downward along their outside facing away from the interior of the housing. This serves as a contact surface for the wall elements 62 and, together with the longitudinal structures 73 of the main floor profiles 11, 12 and the outer longitudinal structures 77 of the support profile 3, completes the above-mentioned surrounding framing of the wall element 62.

The longitudinal structures also increase the flexural strength of the main roof profiles 21, 22. More, in the Figures 5 and 6 shown longitudinal structures of the main roof profiles 21, 22 serve to further increase the flexural strength.

the Figures 7 and 8 illustrate an alternative connection option for fixing a secondary floor profile 41 to a main floor profile 1 or a secondary roof profile 42 to a main roof profile 2. For this purpose, the corresponding main profile 1, 2 has an insertion groove instead of two longitudinal grooves into which sliding blocks with threaded holes can be inserted. This is for example as in the Figures 7 and 8 shown around a longitudinal structure 78 in the form of a narrow longitudinal groove, which in the present case is formed directly adjacent to a fold 78'. Correspondingly, the secondary profile 41, 42 has an insertion element 411. When the insertion element 411 is inserted into the longitudinal groove, it encompasses the fold 78'. The male member 411 may itself be a fold of sheet metal, or as shown in FIGS Figures 7 and 8 shown to be a simple, i.e. not double-folded, sheet metal section.

Here the secondary profile 41, 42 is folded from sheet metal and, in contrast to a hollow profile, has an open cross section. It is a C-shaped profile. The main profile 1, 2 also has a longitudinal structure 79 in the form of a projection, on which the secondary profile 41, 42 rests with a lower bearing surface 412 and is supported.

With the help of the roll forming process, a large number of different hollow profiles, some of which have very complicated structures, can be produced from sheet steel. The cross sections of some such hollow profiles, which can be used as support profiles 3, main floor profiles 1, 11, 12 or main roof profiles 2, 21, 22 are in Figures 9 to 12 shown. They each have one, two, three, four, five or more longitudinal structures, which can each have a shape as described below.

A fold 91 can serve to form a delimitation of a longitudinal channel, or a stop or support surface for applying a further hollow profile or further structural elements, such as wall, floor or roof elements. Furthermore, a fold 91 can easily and safely be drilled through in order to fix such a component or another hollow profile by screwing.

A projection 94 can fulfill the same functions as the fold 91 . This is an increase with the same width, measured perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the profile, but this width is greater than twice the metal sheet thickness. In other words, the two sections of the sheet metal bent onto one another do not lie directly one on top of the other, as in the case of folding, but have a spacing which can be empty or filled with a material, for example with an insulating material. In all of the embodiments, a projection 94 can also be used instead of a fold 91, or vice versa.

Furthermore, an inwardly widening groove 92 can be provided, ie a groove that has a smaller width at the base along the circumference of the hollow profile cross-section than at a distance from the inner area of the hollow profile. Here, the widening groove 92 according to a dovetail-shaped cross section 11f ), a round or circular cross-section according to 11g ), a diamond-shaped or tilted-square cross-section according to Figure 11i ), a T-shaped cross-section according to one of 11b), 11c), 11d) or 11e ) or have a different shaped cross-section.

An insertion groove 93 is kept narrow enough to accommodate a suitable plate element, a sheet metal section or a folded section with as little play as possible perpendicular to the width of the groove. Such an element or such a section is preferably held in the insertion groove 93 by means of a clamping effect.

A bent fold 95 is a fold in which the two sheet metal sections lying one on top of the other are in turn kinked or bent together. Alternatively, the curved fold 95 can also be angled only in the folded area. In other words, a curved fold 95 is a fold that does not protrude perpendicularly from the surface of the hollow profile.

the Figures 9a), 9b), 9c) and 9d ) each show cross sections of different advantageous support profiles. In contrast, in the Figures 10a), 10b), 10c) and 10d ) Shown different preferred configurations of a main roof profile in a cross-sectional view. the Figures 11a), 11b), 11c), 11d), 11e), 11f), 11g), and 11i ) in turn show cross-sectional representations of preferred embodiments for a main floor profile. Finally show the 12a), 12b) and 12c ) Different embodiments of a main floor profile and the 12d) and 12e ) Different embodiments of a main roof profile, the main floor profiles and the main roof profiles according to 12a) to 12e ) distinguished by the fact that they each have at least one vertical insertion groove 93 into which corresponding sections of a secondary profile can be inserted and thus fixed with a pure plug-in connection without screws or welding. The profile in the Figure 12c ) also has another vertical insertion groove 93.

Based on 13 , which is a cross-sectional view of an imaginary hollow section, explains the definition of the shoulder of a longitudinal structure and its width. The hollow profile shown has a total of six different longitudinal structures, with the respective attachment widths being illustrated by arrows. From top to bottom, these are a T-shaped longitudinal groove 92, a consistently wide longitudinal groove or insertion groove 93, a projection 94, a fold 91, a dovetail-shaped longitudinal groove 922 and a curved or kinked fold 95. It is this attachment width, measured along the perimeter of the cross-section of the hollow profile, which has a maximum value of 20, 15 or 10 millimeters may have. Structures of this type cannot usually be achieved by means of bending processes. For this purpose, instead, profile manufacturing processes such as the roll-forming process must be used for metal sheets, especially for steel sheets.

Reference list:

1

floor main profile

11

long bottom main profile

12

short bottom main profile

2

main roof profile

21

long main roof profile

22

short main roof profile

3

support profile

31

stacking plate

32

reinforcement sleeve

41

secondary soil profile

411

male element

412

bearing surface

42

secondary roof profile

51

holding holes

52

corner fixing element

53

angle fixing element

61

floor covering

62

wall element

63

floor element

64

insulating element

65

headliner

66

Roof element, outer roof paneling

71, 72, 73,...

longitudinal structures

81, 82, ...

longitudinal channels

91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 921, 922

special longitudinal structure cross-sections

Claims (13)

1. A metallic frame structure of a container-like, modular and mobile housing unit, more particularly a residential container, an office container or a room module, comprising:

   - horizontal main floor profiles (1) which are connected detachably to one another to form a floor frame;

   - horizontal main roof profiles (2) which are connected detachably to one another to form a roof frame;

   - vertical support profiles (3) which are each connected detachably to the main floor profiles (1) of the floor frame by means of a floor corner connection and to main roof profiles (2) of the roof frame by means of a roof corner connection so that the floor frame and the roof frame are connected together parallel and at a vertical distance from one another, wherein the support profiles (3) are designed and arranged so that when stacking two or more frame structures on top of each other, a further frame structure stacked on top is supported mainly by means of the vertical support profiles (3), wherein

   - at least one of the main floor profiles (1), main roof profiles (2) and/or support profiles (3) is a hollow profile of metal which has at least two longitudinal structures (71, 72...) extending along the longitudinal direction of the profile and originating from an outer profile surface, which longitudinal structures are each designed as a longitudinal elevation having an origin width of less than 20, 15 or 10 millimetres at its origin at the outer profile surface in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the profile,

   - the hollow profile with the at least two longitudinal structures (71, 72, ...) is formed from metal sheet, preferably steel sheet, which is bent in one piece, two pieces or many pieces and welded along the longitudinal direction of the profile, wherein the longitudinal structures (71, 72, ...) originating from the outer profile surface are formed by means of bending, and

   - the at least two longitudinal structures (71, 72, ...) of the hollow profile are designed as longitudinal elevations so that they form a contact edge for contacting a section of one of the main floor profiles (1), main roof profiles (2) and/or support profiles (3).
2. The frame structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the floor corner connection and/or the roof corner connection is formed by means of the longitudinal structure (71, 72...).
3. The frame structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal structure (71,72, ...) of the hollow profile has a fold of sheet metal or a longitudinal elevation, wherein a distance between the two metal sides of the longitudinal elevation is in a range of millimetres.
4. The frame structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal structure (71, 72, ...) of the hollow profile has a triangular, rectangular, box-shaped, T-shaped or circular-shaped cross section.
5. The frame structure as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow profile has two longitudinal structures (71, 72...), designed as longitudinal elevations, and forming between them a longitudinal channel, more particularly a C- or U-shaped longitudinal channel (81, 82).
6. The frame structure as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow profile has at least two, three, four or five longitudinal structures (71, 72, ...) which are each formed as a longitudinal elevation or longitudinal groove.
7. The frame structure as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main floor profiles (1) each have one or two longitudinal grooves and one or two longitudinal elevations, the main roof profiles (2) each have one or two longitudinal grooves and one or two longitudinal elevations, and the support profiles (3) each have two, three or four longitudinal elevations.
8. The frame structure as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized by secondary floor profiles (41) which are each arranged between two parallel main floor profiles (1) and connected detachably to the two parallel main floor profiles (1), and/or secondary roof profiles (42) which are each arranged between two parallel main roof profiles (2) and connected detachably to the two parallel main roof profiles (2), wherein the secondary floor profiles (41) are supported or mounted by means of longitudinal structures of the main floor profiles (1) and/or the secondary roof profiles (42) are supported or mounted by means of longitudinal structures of the main roof profiles (2).
9. The frame structure as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the secondary floor profiles (41) and/or the secondary roof profiles (42) are each formed as a hollow profile from a metal sheet, preferably steel metal sheet, which is bent from one piece, two pieces, or several pieces and is welded along the longitudinal direction of the profile.
10. An assembly kit for a container-like, modular and mobile housing unit, more particularly for a residential container, an office container or a room module, having a metallic frame structure as claimed in one of the preceding claims.
11. A container-like, modular and mobile housing unit, more particularly residential container, office container or room module, with a metallic frame structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, as well as with wall elements, roof elements and floor elements which are arranged on the frame structure and together with the frame structure enclose an interior region of the housing unit.
12. A housing unit as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the wall elements, roof elements and/or floor elements are arranged on respective longitudinal elevations and/or in respective longitudinal grooves of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or support profiles.
13. A hollow profile, which is designed as a main floor profile (1), main roof profile (2) and/or support profile (3) for a metallic frame structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9 and has at least two longitudinal structures (71, 72,...) extending along the longitudinal direction of the profile and originating from an outer profile surface, which longitudinal structures are each designed as a longitudinal elevation and have a origin width at its origin at the outer profile surface of less than 20, 15 or 10 millimetres in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the profile, the hollow profile with the at least two longitudinal structures (71, 72, ...) is formed from metal sheet, preferably steel sheet, which is bent in one piece, two pieces or many pieces and welded along the longitudinal direction of the profile, wherein the longitudinal structures (71, 72, ...) originating from the outer profile surface are formed by means of bending, and the at least two longitudinal structures (71, 72, ...) of the hollow profile are designed as longitudinal elevations so that they form a contact edge for contacting a section of one of the main floor profiles (1), main roof profiles (2) and/or support profiles (3).

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