EP2760776A1 - Système de freinage à actionnement électromécanique - Google Patents

Système de freinage à actionnement électromécanique

Info

Publication number
EP2760776A1
EP2760776A1 EP12759768.0A EP12759768A EP2760776A1 EP 2760776 A1 EP2760776 A1 EP 2760776A1 EP 12759768 A EP12759768 A EP 12759768A EP 2760776 A1 EP2760776 A1 EP 2760776A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
elevator
braking
actuator
braking surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12759768.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2760776B1 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Meierhans
Faruk Osmanbasic
Marcus Junig
Michael Geisshüsler
Nicolas Gremaud
Josef A. Muff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP12759768.0A priority Critical patent/EP2760776B1/fr
Publication of EP2760776A1 publication Critical patent/EP2760776A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2760776B1 publication Critical patent/EP2760776B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/20—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by means of rotatable eccentrically-mounted members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/24—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by acting on guide ropes or cables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a braking device for braking an elevator car, a method for braking the elevator car and an elevator system with elevator car and with such a braking device.
  • the elevator system is installed in a building. It consists essentially of a cabin, which is connected via suspension means with a counterweight or with a second car. By means of a drive which acts selectively on the support means or directly on the car or the counterweight, the car is moved along, substantially vertical, guide rails.
  • the elevator system is used to transport people and goods within the building over single or multiple floors.
  • the elevator system includes devices to secure the elevator car in the event of failure of the drive or the suspension means. These braking devices are usually used, which can slow down the elevator car on the guide rails in case of need.
  • This brake device can be actuated electromagnetically, wherein a pawl retains a brake module against a delivery force. The brake device is activated by the pawl is disconnected from the brake module. To reset the latch must be latched again.
  • the invention aims to provide a braking device, which can cause braking of the elevator car.
  • the braking device should be electromechanically actuated and it should be easy to reset. It should also be based on proven technology and be simple.
  • an elevator braking device which is suitable for delaying and holding an elevator car in cooperation with a braking surface in case of need.
  • this elevator braking device is arranged on a running body of the elevator, for example, the elevator car and it can with guide rails
  • the braking surfaces can also be used multifunctionally for guiding the driving body.
  • the elevator brake device can also be arranged in the region of the drive and the braking surface may be a surface of a brake disc or a rope, such as a rope surface.
  • the elevator brake device includes at least one brake element.
  • the braking element is self-reinforcing. It includes an eccentric-like shape or another amplification curve. Self-reinforcing means that the brake element, after it has been brought to the braking surface with an initial force, automatically moves by a relative movement between the elevator brake device and the braking surface in a braking position.
  • the brake element is preferably rotatably arranged in a brake housing by means of a pivot bearing and has a curve shape which is designed so that a radial distance of the curve from the pivot bearing increases over a rotation angle. As a result, self-reinforcement is achieved when the braking element is rotated.
  • the initial force needed to bring the braking element to the braking surface is provided by a force accumulator.
  • the energy accumulator is preferably a tensioned spring.
  • the elevator brake device further includes an actuator which can act on the brake element.
  • the actuator holds the brake element in normal operation in a first
  • Unhindered movement of the driving body allows. If necessary, the actuator releases the brake element, whereby the energy accumulator can bring the brake element in a second operating position and with what a pressing of the brake element can be made to the braking surface. As soon as the brake element is pressed against the braking surface, it is entrained by the relative movement between the elevator brake device and the braking surface. As a result of this entrainment, the brake element is again moved in such a way that the brake element moves the actuator back into a reset position corresponding to the first operating position. The actuator is thus back to its original position corresponding to normal operation.
  • the brake element is installed in the brake housing.
  • Power accumulator and the actuator are designed so that they over the brake housing on the Brake element act.
  • the brake housing is horizontally displaceable, for example, stored and held in a support and the actuator is also stored in this support.
  • the brake element is advantageously also stored in the brake housing, now allows that the brake element can be delivered in the brake housing to the braking surface. Due to the self-reinforcing property of the brake element, the brake element is reset or pushed back during subsequent operation in the brake housing and the actuator can this
  • the brake element of the elevator brake device is rotatably mounted in a variant embodiment by means of the pivot bearing in the brake housing.
  • the curve shape of the braking element defines a central clamping region which is eccentric, for example, with respect to the pivot bearing or formed as a control cam, so that a distance from the pivot bearing to each other
  • Curve sections of the clamping area increased over a rotation angle. This takes place during a relative movement between the elevator brake device and the brake surface
  • the further relative movement between the elevator brake device and the brake surface causes the brake element to be further rotated, which results in a further reinforcement.
  • This further reinforcement first causes, for example, one of the braking surfaces
  • the holding mechanism may be elastically mounted to allow a corresponding forcing.
  • the brake element has a first braking region, which adjoins the central clamping region. This is advantageous at higher speeds.
  • the eccentric does not have to roll over an entire braking distance, but the braking area terminates the rolling and amplifying process and the driving body is stopped by the braking area and the braking force of the opposing brake plate.
  • the braking element has a second braking area, which adjoins an end of the middle clamping area opposite the first braking area.
  • the brake element instead of the first
  • Brake area on a brake shoe This is, for example by a control eccentric of the brake element, pressed by rotation of the same to the braking surface.
  • the elevator brake device further includes a brake plate.
  • This brake plate is arranged such that the braking surface, or a corresponding guide rail between the brake element and the brake plate can be clamped.
  • the brake plate is fastened by means of at least one brake spring in the brake housing.
  • the brake spring is designed according to a braked mass of the vehicle. Taking into account the geometric design of the brake element and a resulting deflection of the brake spring, a stiffness or spring constant and bias thereof can be determined.
  • the engagement and restoring functionality can be solved and on the other hand, a braking force can be adjusted by means of the design of the brake plate with brake spring.
  • the actuator includes an electro-magnet with an anchor plate.
  • the anchor plate In the first operating position, the anchor plate is applied to the electro-magnet and it is held by this electromagnetically. Thus, the actuator is in the first
  • a subsequent reset of the elevator braking device can be done easily. It can only be turned on the circuit to the electromagnet. Since the anchor plate is already applied to the electromagnet, the anchor plate and thus the actuator is set immediately. There is no need to overcome an air gap between the electromagnet and the armature plate. By a backward movement of the driving body and thus the elevator brake device, the brake element can be moved from the preloaded braking position directly into the first operating position.
  • the actuator is adjustable to a setting of the first
  • the actuator includes an auxiliary weight.
  • This auxiliary weight always presses the actuator against the action of the force accumulator and it can thus a driver, preferably a locking roller, in contact with the brake element, or the
  • auxiliary weight for example, already be the weight of the anchor plate or it can of course be an additional weight element.
  • an auxiliary spring can be used which holds the driver, preferably the locking roller in contact with the brake element, or the brake housing.
  • Elevator cabin and advantageously directly on the same or grown.
  • the braking surface is directly a part of the guide rail and the elevator brake device clamps a web of the guide rail for the purpose of holding and braking.
  • the elevator car is provided with two elevator braking devices and these elevator braking devices can be mounted on two, on opposite sides of the
  • Elevator car arranged guide rails act.
  • a safety of the elevator brake devices can be increased since, if one of the actuators fails, the remaining actuator synchronously actuates both elevator brake devices via the synchronization rod. This prevents unilateral braking.
  • 1 is a schematic view of an elevator installation in side view
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an elevator braking device in a first
  • FIG. 4 shows the elevator brake device of FIG. 3 in a second operating position
  • FIG. 5 shows the elevator braking device of Fig. 3 in one of the first operating position
  • FIG. 6 shows the elevator braking device of FIG. 3 in a clamping position
  • FIG. 7 shows the elevator braking device of FIG. 3 in a braking position
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an executed elevator braking device
  • FIG. 9 is a rear view of the brake of FIG. 8 in the first operating position
  • FIG. 10 shows a top view of the brake of FIG. 8 in the first operating position
  • FIG. 11 is a rear view of the brake of Fig. 8 in the second operating position
  • FIG. 12 shows a top view of the brake of FIG. 8 in the second operating position
  • FIG. 13 shows a rear view of the brake of FIG. 8 in the braking position
  • Fig. 14 is a plan view of the brake of Fig. 8 in the braking position.
  • Fig. 1 shows an elevator system 1 in an overall view.
  • the elevator installation 1 is installed in a building and serves to transport persons or goods within the building.
  • the elevator installation includes an elevator car 2 which extends along
  • Guide rails 6 can move up and down.
  • the elevator car 2 is to with
  • the elevator car 2 is accessible from the building via doors.
  • a drive 5 serves to drive and hold the elevator car 2.
  • the drive 5 is arranged for example in the upper area of the building and the car 2 is suspended by suspension means 4,
  • the drive 5 For example, carrying ropes or strap, the drive 5.
  • the support means 4 are guided via the drive 5 on to a counterweight 3.
  • the counterweight compensates for a mass fraction of the elevator car 2, so that the drive 5 has to compensate for the main thing only an imbalance between the car 2 and counterweight 3.
  • the drive 5 is arranged in the example in the upper part of the building. It could, of course, also be arranged at another location in the building, or in the area of the car 2 or the counterweight 3.
  • the elevator car 2 is equipped with a braking system which is suitable for securing and / or decelerating the elevator car 2 during an unexpected movement or at overspeed.
  • the brake system is arranged in the example below the car 2 and it is electrically controlled (not shown).
  • a mechanical speed limiter as it is commonly used, can therefore be omitted.
  • Fig. 2 shows the elevator system of Fig. 1 in a schematic plan view.
  • the brake system includes two elevator brake devices 20.
  • the two elevator brake devices 20 are coupled in this example by means of a synchronization rod 15, so that the two
  • Elevator brake devices 20 are actuated with each other. Thus, an unintentional one-sided braking can be avoided.
  • the two elevator brake devices 20 are preferably of identical or mirror-symmetrical design and, if necessary, they act on the guide rails 6 arranged on both sides of the car 2.
  • the guide rails 5 contain braking surfaces 7 which, in cooperation with the elevator brake devices 20, can cause the elevator car 2 to brake.
  • Fig. 3 shows a possible embodiment of an elevator braking device 20.
  • the elevator brake device 20 is designed to cooperate with a braking surface 7. This braking surface 7 is a part of the guide rail 6.
  • the elevator brake device 20 is in a first operating position Bl. In this position, the elevator brake device 20 does not brake, i. the elevator car 2 can be moved.
  • the elevator brake device 20 includes a brake housing 21 which is slidably disposed in a support 9 via a sliding connection.
  • the sliding connection essentially comprises a sliding guide 23, which is arranged in the support 9 and the
  • Brake housing 21 is mounted on a guide rod 22 in this slide 23.
  • Support 9 is attached to the elevator car 2 or it is a part of the elevator car 2.
  • the elevator car 2 and thus the support 9 is guided by means of guide shoe 8 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) along the guide rail 6.
  • the brake housing 21 could slide in slideways of the support 9 or it could be connected to the elevator car 2 or support 9 via a pivot bearing.
  • the brake housing 21 is horizontal, or perpendicular to the braking surface 7, slidably disposed.
  • the brake housing 21 is a
  • Brake element 25 is arranged.
  • the brake element 25 is connected to the brake housing 21 via a rotary bearing 28.
  • the brake member 25 includes a clamping portion 26.
  • the brake element 25 In the first operating position (Bl), the brake element 25 is in a central position. This central position is adjusted for example by a centering spring 42.
  • the centering spring 42 engages the
  • the clamping region 26 is designed with respect to a longitudinal axis 28a of the rotary bearing 28, or describes a curve shape such that there is a radial distance R from the longitudinal axis
  • the brake element 25 includes a first brake area 27.1 and a second brake area 27.2, which are arranged at both ends of the clamping area 26. This brake element is intended for braking in both directions.
  • the clamping region 26 is preferably provided with a Randr réelle or with transverse grooves to allow a good gripping of the clamping portion 26 on the braking surface 7.
  • the brake area 27.1, 27.2 is designed as a brake pad. It may include a special brake material, such as ceramic, sintered material, or hardened brake shoes.
  • an actuator 32 and a force storage 24 is arranged.
  • the actuator 32 forms via a locking roller 33 or a corresponding driver a stop for the
  • the force accumulator 24 presses the brake housing 21 and thus the brake member 25 against the actuator 32.
  • the position of the brake member 25 with respect to the guide rail 6 and thus with respect to the braking surface 7 determined.
  • the position of the actuator 32 and thus the position of the brake element 25 can be set at best.
  • the actuator 32 is fixed by a retainer, in the example in the form of an electro-magnet 36 and associated anchor plate 37.
  • a brake plate 30 Next is located opposite the brake element 25, a brake plate 30.
  • the brake plate 30 is disposed in the brake housing 21 and supported by brake springs 31 in this.
  • the Brake plate 30 is arranged such that the guide rail 6 projects into the space defined by the brake plate 30 and brake member 25 intermediate space.
  • a distance between the brake plate 30 and brake element 25 is selected in the first operating position Bl so that the guide rail 6, or to the corresponding braking surfaces sufficient driving clearance S 1, S 1 'is guaranteed.
  • the brake plate 30 could of course also be designed as a solid counter-covering, without resilient support by means of brake springs, or it could be designed in the form of a brake wedge. This would allow, for example, an additional,
  • a pressing force F24 of the force accumulator 24 is selected so that in the case of actuation, the brake element 25 is pressed so strongly against the braking surface 7, that it at a
  • Relative movement between the brake surface 7 and brake housing 21 is taken safely. In one embodiment, this requires a force of at least about 85 N (Newton). Taking into account friction losses, as for example in a coupling of two elevator brake devices 20, as in the example of FIGS. L and 2 by means of
  • Synchronization rod 15 shown occur is an effective retention force F32 of the
  • Actuator 32 in the example about 1000 N (Newton).
  • the energy accumulator 24 can be dimensioned sufficiently strong that in any case a safe operation of the elevator brake device 20 can take place.
  • a corresponding electro-magnet 36 has a diameter of about 25 mm (millimeters) at a height of about 20 mm
  • the electro-magnet 36 is de-energized and the armature plate 37 together with the complete actuator 32 is free.
  • the pressing force F24 of the force accumulator 24 is released and he presses the brake housing 21 and thus the brake element 25 with the corresponding pressing force F24 'against the guide rail 6, and the corresponding braking surface 7.
  • the longitudinal axis 28a of the pivot bearing 28 is thus by the amount of
  • FIGS. 8 to 14 Another exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 8 to 14.
  • a safety gear is integrated in the elevator brake device, as is known for example from the disclosure DE2139056.
  • the elevator brake device 20 is integrated into a structure of the elevator car 2.
  • the elevator car 2 also includes the guide shoe 8 which is provided for guiding the elevator car along guide rails (not shown).
  • the elevator brake device 20 includes a brake element 25 with a clamping region in the form of a control eccentric 25.1 and brake shoes 25.2, which are rotatably mounted in the brake housing 21 about a rotation axis 28.
  • a synchronization rod 15 with synchronization lever 16 connects the two arranged on both sides of the elevator car 2 elevator -Brems facilities 20. This ensures that the two elevator brake devices 20 engage each other for engagement.
  • synchronization rod optionally centering parts (not shown) may be provided, which set a central position of the control eccentric 25.1 and it can switch (not shown) are provided, which can detect a rotation of the synchronization rod and thus an operating position of the elevator brake device 20.
  • the brake housing 21 is fastened to the elevator car 2 via the support 9, wherein a guide rod 22 enables a lateral or horizontal displacement of the brake housing 21 with respect to the support 9 and the guide rail 6.
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective rear view
  • FIG. 10 shows a
  • the position of the brake housing 21 can also be adjusted via the locking roller 33.
  • the locking roller 33 may be fastened, for example with an eccentrically shaped axis on the locking lever 35. By turning this axis of the locking roller
  • the electro-magnet 36 is turned off.
  • the lock roller can therefore no longer provide blocking force, whereby the force accumulator 24, the brake housing 21 together with the brake member 25 against the
  • Brake surface 7 of the guide rail 6 can press, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. Again, it can be seen that, because of the delivery of the brake housing, a game between brake element 25 and braking surface 7 is repealed, while the game Sl + Sl 'between the brake plate 30 and rail 6 is increased in the first operating step.
  • a relative movement between the brake element 25 and guide rail 6 of the control eccentric 25.1 of the brake element 25 is rotated and the brake shoe 25.2 is pressed on the control eccentric 25.1 to the braking surface 7 of the guide rail 6 (see Fig. 8), whereby a braking of the elevator car 2 takes place.
  • the brake plate 30 is pulled over the brake housing 21, whereby the guide rail 6 is clamped between the brake plate 30 and the brake shoe 25.2, and thereby simultaneously the brake housing 21 is pushed back towards the first operating position.
  • the auxiliary weight 38 of the actuator 32 ensures that the actuator 32 follows this provision until the actuator 32 returns to its original, normal operation
  • the first operating position Bl corresponding reset position B3 only needs to be turned on, whereby the actuator 32 is reset without further return work.
  • the holding mechanism can therefore be designed inexpensively.
  • the elevator -Brems device 20 is shown in the braking position, wherein the actuator, as described, is again in its normal operation corresponding position B3.
  • the illustrated arrangements can be varied by the person skilled in the art.
  • the brakes can be mounted above or below the car 2. It can also be used on a car 2 more Bremspaare.
  • the brake device can also be used in an elevator system with multiple cabins, in which case each of the cabs has at least one such braking device.
  • the brake device can be grown in case of need also on the counterweight 3 or it can be mounted on a self-propelled cabin.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation d'ascenseur dans laquelle une cabine d'ascenseur (2) est disposée de manière à se déplacer le long d'au moins deux rails de guidage (6) et ladite cabine d'ascenseur (2) est équipée d'un système de freinage doté d'au moins deux freins (20) d'ascenseur. Le système de freinage d'ascenseur (20) comprend un élément de freinage (25), un accumulateur d'énergie (24) conçu de manière à presser l'élément de freinage (25) contre la surface de freinage (7) et un actionneur (32) qui peut agir sur l'élément de freinage (25) et est conçu de manière à éloigner par pression, dans une première position de fonctionnement (B1), l'élément de freinage (25) de la surface de freinage (7) à l'encontre de la force exercée par l'accumulateur d'énergie (24) ou de maintenir ledit élément de freinage à distance de ladite surface de freinage et de manière à libérer, dans une seconde position de fonctionnement (B2), une pression de l'élément de freinage (25) exercée au nievau de la surface de freinage (7). Lorsqu'il est pressé contre la surface de freinage (7), l'élément de freinage (25) est déplacé par un mouvement relatif entre le système de freinage de l'ascenseur (20) et la surface de freinage (7) de manière à reculer l'actionneur (32) dans une position de rappel (B3) correspondant à la première position de fonctionnement (B1).
EP12759768.0A 2011-09-30 2012-09-21 Système de freinage à actionnement électromécanique Active EP2760776B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12759768.0A EP2760776B1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2012-09-21 Système de freinage à actionnement électromécanique

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11183387 2011-09-30
PCT/EP2012/068636 WO2013045358A1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2012-09-21 Système de freinage à actionnement électromécanique
EP12759768.0A EP2760776B1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2012-09-21 Système de freinage à actionnement électromécanique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2760776A1 true EP2760776A1 (fr) 2014-08-06
EP2760776B1 EP2760776B1 (fr) 2015-06-03

Family

ID=46875860

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12759768.0A Active EP2760776B1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2012-09-21 Système de freinage à actionnement électromécanique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US9120643B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2760776B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR102068846B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103648954B (fr)
BR (1) BR112013018122B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2566063T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX341637B (fr)
WO (1) WO2013045358A1 (fr)

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US9828213B2 (en) 2017-11-28
US9120643B2 (en) 2015-09-01
CN103648954B (zh) 2016-01-20
ES2566063T3 (es) 2016-04-08
BR112013018122A2 (pt) 2016-11-08
WO2013045358A1 (fr) 2013-04-04
MX2014003700A (es) 2014-07-28
KR102068846B1 (ko) 2020-01-21
BR112013018122B1 (pt) 2021-03-09
US20150329324A1 (en) 2015-11-19
US20130081907A1 (en) 2013-04-04
CN103648954A (zh) 2014-03-19
KR20140082942A (ko) 2014-07-03
EP2760776B1 (fr) 2015-06-03
MX341637B (es) 2016-08-25

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