EP2715098B1 - Anordnung einer zündkerze in einem zylinder eines verbrennungsmotors eines fahrzeugs - Google Patents

Anordnung einer zündkerze in einem zylinder eines verbrennungsmotors eines fahrzeugs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2715098B1
EP2715098B1 EP12727285.4A EP12727285A EP2715098B1 EP 2715098 B1 EP2715098 B1 EP 2715098B1 EP 12727285 A EP12727285 A EP 12727285A EP 2715098 B1 EP2715098 B1 EP 2715098B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
cylinder
inlet channels
ground electrode
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12727285.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2715098A1 (de
Inventor
Andreas Birkigt
Lars Hentschel
Martin Stolle
Claudio-Sebastian Sonder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP2715098A1 publication Critical patent/EP2715098A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2715098B1 publication Critical patent/EP2715098B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/08—Mounting, fixing or sealing of sparking plugs, e.g. in combustion chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/16—Means for dissipating heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/4927—Cylinder, cylinder head or engine valve sleeve making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement of a spark plug in a cylinder head of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle.
  • the pamphlet DE 101 38 976 A1 describes an apparatus for detecting pre-ignition combustion in an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the reference discloses US 2010/0092255 A1 a way to axially align a spark plug in a spark plug bore.
  • the pamphlet DE 649 297 C already describes a device for cooling spark plugs of an internal combustion engine.
  • the pamphlets DE 10 2006 042 457 B4 , DE 103 49 077 A1 and DE 10 2007 024 878 A1 disclose locating a spark plug in a cylinder in a particular orientation relative to the cylinder's intake valves.
  • the pamphlet JP 2007-303285 discloses a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the cylinder including an intake port and a spark plug.
  • the spark plug includes a ground electrode, the spark plug being fastened in the cylinder in such a way that the spark plug is oriented in a predetermined orientation range with respect to the intake port, in order to cool the ground electrode by an air flow generated by the intake port during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the pamphlet DE 39 39 322 A1 further discloses an overhead camshaft internal combustion engine having a cylinder head and two intake and two exhaust valves on each cylinder.
  • a spark plug hole is formed in a space in the cylinder head between the intake valves and between them and the camshaft.
  • One end of the spark plug hole opens into a combustion chamber at a center position thereof.
  • a spark plug is arranged in the spark plug hole in such a way that the center electrode of the spark plug is in the center position mentioned.
  • pre-ignition in which an uncontrolled ignition process of the cylinder charge occurs more or less clearly before the planned ignition point.
  • the early conversion of the air-fuel mixture and the additional compression result in very high cylinder pressures. Due to the increased thermal condition after the start of combustion, detonation with subsequent knocking combustion often occurs. The combination of these conditions can lead to a cylinder pressure of more than 250 bar in a gasoline engine and thus to the immediate failure of the engine.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an arrangement of a spark plug in a cylinder head of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine in which pre-ignition occurs less frequently than in a comparable cylinder head of a cylinder according to the prior art.
  • the spark plug is fastened in the cylinder head of the cylinder in such a way that the spark plug is oriented in the specified orientation range (i.e. an alignment of the cylinder in a specified tolerance range (e.g. in an angular range)) with respect to the two intake ports of the cylinder in order to running internal combustion engine to cool the ground electrode by an air flow which is generated through or through the intake ports.
  • the specified orientation range i.e. an alignment of the cylinder in a specified tolerance range (e.g. in an angular range)
  • spark plug is mounted or arranged in the cylinder head of the cylinder in such a way that the air flow generated by the intake ports cools the ground electrode as optimally as possible, taking tolerances into account when mounting the spark plug.
  • the air flow generated by the intake ports during operation of the internal combustion engine is used to cool the ground electrode of the spark plug.
  • the inventors have recognized that it is advantageous for the cooling of the ground electrode by the air flow of the two intake ports to fasten or mount the spark plug in the cylinder head of the cylinder in such a way that an open end of the ground electrode is substantially (i.e. with a predetermined tolerance ) is arranged in the direction of the two intake ports.
  • the spark plug is mounted in the cylinder in such a way that the open end of the ground electrode faces the two intake ports in such a way that the airflow flowing in via the two intake ports impinges on the open end of the ground electrode and thereby cools it.
  • the inventors examined two different variants.
  • the open end of the ground electrode was placed in the direction of the intake valves and in the second variant in the direction of the exhaust valves.
  • the hottest point of the ground electrode which is usually located at the open end of the ground electrode, was 40 to 60°C higher in the second variant than the temperature of the hottest point of the ground electrode in the first variant. Therefore, the targeted installation position of the spark plug with an orientation of the ground electrode in the direction of the intake valves (intake ports) advantageously reduces the temperature at the ground electrode considerably, as a result of which the maximum temperature of the spark plug and thus the frequency of pre-ignition can be significantly reduced.
  • the open end of the ground electrode is directed between the two intake ports, considering the tolerance.
  • the tolerance is advantageously at most ⁇ 90°, more preferably ⁇ 45° and most preferably ⁇ 5°. If the tolerance is ⁇ 90° ( ⁇ 45° or ⁇ 5°), the spark plug is rotated about its longitudinal central axis during assembly in such a way that it is in relation to the optimum orientation, in which the open end of the ground electrode is directed between the two intake ports , rotated a maximum of 90° (45° or 5°) clockwise or a maximum of 90° (45° or 5°) counterclockwise.
  • Exactly between the two intake ports means in particular a point which is located between the two intake ports on a straight line which connects the center of the exit of one intake port into the combustion chamber with the center of the exit of the other intake port into the combustion chamber. In this case, this point has the same distance from the center of the outlet of one inlet channel to the center of the outlet of the other inlet channel.
  • the cylinder includes means for locating the spark plug in the cylinder so that the open end of the ground electrode is located towards the two intake ports, taking into account the tolerance.
  • the means consist in the cylinder, in particular the cylinder head, comprising the internally threaded mounting hole which is designed to receive the spark plug.
  • the spark plug includes an external thread which is adapted to the internal thread in such a way that the open end of the ground electrode of the spark plug after assembly, in which the spark plug is screwed into the internal thread with a predetermined torque and with the predetermined tolerance is aligned in the predetermined direction between the intake ports.
  • the spark plug is fitted in the cylinder by rotation about the central longitudinal axis (or longitudinal central axis) of the spark plug. This means that the spark plug is screwed into the cylinder, in particular the cylinder head, by rotating it about the central longitudinal axis. The spark plug is turned into an end position in such a way that the open end of the ground electrode points between the inlet channels, taking into account the tolerance.
  • a spark plug is preferably provided in which the thread is designed in such a way that the profile of the surface of the thread is rolled.
  • This thread is created by deforming a workpiece between two rotating rolling tools under enormous force.
  • the cold material is pressed down to the base of the thread rolling tools and is thus rolled up to the nominal size.
  • the position of the thread is checked. With the knowledge of how the thread is designed on the respective spark plug, the ground electrode is then attached, in particular welded.
  • the collar of the metal spark plug housing is extended on the combustion chamber side in such a way that the spark plug collar ends with the spark plug ceramic or protrudes slightly beyond the spark plug ceramic.
  • the spark plug ceramic is shielded as an insulator in the housing.
  • the internal combustion engine for the vehicle having the arrangement of the spark plug explained above is provided.
  • the vehicle includes the aforementioned internal combustion engine.
  • spark plug is the hottest component in the combustion chamber and thus supports pre-ignition. Throughout the intake and compression phase, heat is transferred from the hot spark plug to the colder fuel-air mixture.
  • the arrangement of the spark plug in the cylinder reduces the temperatures in the entire operating map. In addition to reducing the likelihood of pre-ignition, this temperature reduction also reduces the sensitivity to glow ignition, thermal overload and the resulting spark plug damage.
  • the present invention has the particular advantage of reducing the likelihood of pre-ignition occurring.
  • the thermal load on the spark plug is reduced in an advantageous manner and the service life of the spark plug is thus extended.
  • the present invention is suitable for use in internal combustion engines of motor vehicles, in particular passenger cars, trucks, ships, airplanes and track-bound motor vehicles or track-guided motor vehicles.
  • In 1 is a cylinder head viewed from the interior of a cylinder 7 (cf 4 ) shown. Two inlet channels 4 and two outlet channels 5 can be seen, with a spark plug 1 being fitted symmetrically in the middle of these inlet channels 4 and outlet channels 5 .
  • a sectional view is shown, which has a reference numeral 6 in 1 shown section through the center of the cylinder head or the combustion chamber.
  • an intake port 4 on the right an exhaust port 5 and in the middle the spark plug 1.
  • spark plug 1 In 3 a section through the spark plug 1 is shown.
  • the spark plug collar 12 ends with the spark plug ceramic 14 or even protrudes beyond the spark plug ceramic 14 .
  • the spark plug ceramic 14 is shielded in the spark plug housing and forms the insulator.
  • a vehicle 10 according to the invention which has an internal combustion engine 8 according to the invention.
  • the internal combustion engine 8 in turn comprises four cylinders 7.
  • spark plug is the hottest component in the combustion chamber and thus supports pre-ignition. Throughout the intake and compression phase, heat is transferred from the hot spark plug to the colder fuel-air mixture.
  • the arrangement of the spark plug in the cylinder according to the invention reduces the temperatures in the entire operating map. In addition to reducing the likelihood of pre-ignition, this temperature reduction also reduces the sensitivity to glow ignition, thermal overload and the resulting spark plug damage.
  • the present invention has the particular advantage of reducing the likelihood of pre-ignition occurring.
  • the thermal load on the spark plug is reduced in an advantageous manner and the service life of the spark plug is thus extended.
  • the present invention is suitable for use in internal combustion engines of motor vehicles, in particular passenger cars, trucks, ships, airplanes and track-bound motor vehicles or track-guided motor vehicles.
  • the present invention is based on the Figures 1 to 4 clarified.
  • 1 represents a cylinder head seen from the cylinder interior.
  • 3 represents a spark plug according to the invention.
  • In 1 is a cylinder head viewed from the interior of a cylinder 7 (cf 4 ) shown. Two inlet channels 4 and two outlet channels 5 can be seen, with a spark plug 1 being fitted symmetrically in the middle of these inlet channels 4 and outlet channels 5 .
  • a sectional view is shown, which has a reference numeral 6 in 1 shown section through the center of the cylinder head or the combustion chamber.
  • an intake port 4 on the right an exhaust port 5 and in the middle the spark plug 1.
  • the one with the reference number 3 designated open end of the ground electrode 2 is in the 2 exactly to the left (i.e. exactly in the direction of section 6 according to 1 ) aligned. Therefore, the open end 3 of the ground electrode 2 is precisely aligned between the two intake ports 4 .
  • spark plug 1 In 3 a section through the spark plug 1 is shown.
  • the spark plug collar 12 ends with the spark plug ceramic 14 or even protrudes beyond the spark plug ceramic 14 .
  • the spark plug ceramic 14 is shielded in the spark plug housing 11 and forms the insulator.
  • a motor vehicle 10 according to the invention which has an internal combustion engine 8 according to the invention.
  • This internal combustion engine 8 in turn comprises four cylinders 7 according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP12727285.4A 2011-05-27 2012-05-16 Anordnung einer zündkerze in einem zylinder eines verbrennungsmotors eines fahrzeugs Active EP2715098B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011102620 2011-05-27
PCT/EP2012/002103 WO2012163479A1 (de) 2011-05-27 2012-05-16 Zylinder eines verbrennungsmotors für ein fahrzeug sowie entsprechendes herstellungsverfahren, mittel zur herstellung des zylinders, zündkerze, verbrennungsmotor und fahrzeug

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2715098A1 EP2715098A1 (de) 2014-04-09
EP2715098B1 true EP2715098B1 (de) 2023-07-12

Family

ID=46275755

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12727285.4A Active EP2715098B1 (de) 2011-05-27 2012-05-16 Anordnung einer zündkerze in einem zylinder eines verbrennungsmotors eines fahrzeugs

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9556820B2 (ru)
EP (1) EP2715098B1 (ru)
CN (1) CN103562534B (ru)
DE (1) DE102012009506A1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2572735C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2012163479A1 (ru)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018111636A1 (de) * 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 Webasto SE Verdampferbaugruppe für mobile Heizgeräte
CN109578161A (zh) * 2019-01-03 2019-04-05 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 一种点燃式天然气发动机火花塞安装结构
DE102019218408A1 (de) * 2019-11-27 2021-02-25 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Zündkerzenvorrichtung und Zündkerzenvorrichtung

Citations (1)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2572735C2 (ru) 2016-01-20
US9556820B2 (en) 2017-01-31
RU2013158348A (ru) 2015-07-10
EP2715098A1 (de) 2014-04-09
CN103562534B (zh) 2018-05-18
WO2012163479A1 (de) 2012-12-06
US20140076261A1 (en) 2014-03-20
DE102012009506A1 (de) 2012-11-29
CN103562534A (zh) 2014-02-05

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