EP2635418A1 - Améliorations dans le traitement des déchets - Google Patents

Améliorations dans le traitement des déchets

Info

Publication number
EP2635418A1
EP2635418A1 EP20110760810 EP11760810A EP2635418A1 EP 2635418 A1 EP2635418 A1 EP 2635418A1 EP 20110760810 EP20110760810 EP 20110760810 EP 11760810 A EP11760810 A EP 11760810A EP 2635418 A1 EP2635418 A1 EP 2635418A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
waste
chamber
heat
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20110760810
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2635418B1 (fr
Inventor
Ophneil Henry Perry
Rifat Al. CHALABI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd
Original Assignee
Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd filed Critical Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd
Priority to PL11760810T priority Critical patent/PL2635418T3/pl
Publication of EP2635418A1 publication Critical patent/EP2635418A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2635418B1 publication Critical patent/EP2635418B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
    • B04B15/02—Other accessories for centrifuges for cooling, heating, or heat insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/14—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with trucks, containers, or trays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0231—Centrifugating, cyclones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0255—Specific separating techniques using different melting or softening temperatures of the materials to be separated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0496—Pyrolysing the materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3462—Cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B15/00—Apparatus or processes for salvaging material from cables
    • H01B15/003—Apparatus or processes for salvaging material from cables by heating up
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in waste processing, in particular the invention relates to the processing of waste material containing a polymer metal mix, for example waste insulated electrical cable.
  • waste materials are processed locally and are not, for example, shipped overseas where they can be disposed of in regimes having less harsh statutory requirements relating to pollution and the processing of waste.
  • a method of processing waste matter containing heat softening material comprising: providing a waste processing apparatus having rotating drum having gaps therein; placing the waste material in said rotating drum; passing hot gasses containing substantially no oxygen through the apparatus so as to heat the material therein to a temperature sufficient to heat soften the heat softening material contained therein but not sufficient to pyrolyse the waste material; and rotating the drum so as to cause the heat softened material to centrifugally separate from the remainder of the waste by passing through the gaps in the drum.
  • the method further comprises collecting the heat softened material within the apparatus in a collection pan beneath the rotating drum.
  • the method may include providing a retention means within the drum and retaining the material to be treated between the retention means and the interior of the rotating drum.
  • the method preferably further comprises solidifying the material collected in the collection pan.
  • the hot gas is passed from an interior of the drum to an exterior of the drum through the waste material.
  • the method further comprises increasing the temperature within the drum by passing hot gasses substantially devoid of oxygen through said chamber so as to pyrolyse any organic matter within the remaining waste.
  • the separated heat softening material is maintained within the apparatus at a temperature below its pyrolysis temperature
  • the method comprises passing hot air into a chamber containing the rotating drum so that it passes over the material therein and exits via an elongate slot extending along the length of the chamber so as to remove any dust or dirt form the exterior of the cables.
  • the hot gas may have water injected into is so that the water assists in cleaning the exterior of the material in the chamber.
  • placing the waste material in a rotating drum having gaps therein comprises placing the waste material in a waste processing cartridge comprising: the drum; a retaining means adjacent to and separated from the interior of the drum such that a space is defined between the retaining means and the drum for receiving the waste; a chamber liner surrounding and separated from the drum; and a collection pan removably attached to the chamber liner underneath the rotating drum; and placing the waste processing cartridge in said apparatus.
  • the method may further comprise the step of, after separating said heat softening material from said waste, removing said cartridge said apparatus.
  • the method preferably comprises allowing the heat softening material to cool so as to solidify; separating the collection pan from the chamber liner; and removing the solidified heat softening material from the collection pan.
  • the waste material comprises metal cables insulated with a polymer material and the method substantially separates the polymer material from the metal.
  • said apparatus has an inlet, a first outlet coaxial to the drum an located at one end thereof, and a second outlet in the side of said apparatus, the method may further comprise: opening a flow path through said inlet and said second outlet for the passage of hot gas to clean the material therein; closing the flow path through said inlet and said second outlet and opening a flow path through said inlet and said first outlet to process said waste.
  • the method may further comprise adding water and/or surfactants to said hot gas when said hot gasses are flowing through said flow path between said inlet and said second outlet.
  • the method includes the steps of: closing the flow path through the inlet and the first outlet and opening the flow path between the inlet and the second outlet; and increasing the temperature within the chamber by passing hot gasses substantially devoid of oxygen through said flow path between the inlet and the second outlet so as to pyrolyse any organic matter within the remaining waste.
  • the method may further comprise providing an apparatus for pyrolysing material containing organic matter said apparatus having a heated chamber in which said waste is heated and a treatment chamber connected to said heated chamber by feed and return conduits; pyrolysing material within said heated chamber to produce syngas, circulating said syngas through said treatment chamber; treating said circulated gas in said treatment chamber by heating it in a substantially oxygen free environment; recycling at least part of said syngas through the heated chamber; and passing at least a some of said syngas through said waste processing apparatus to heat said heat softening material therein.
  • the method may further comprise providing a flow path between an outlet of the waste processing apparatus and the treatment chamber and passing said gasses exiting said waste processing apparatus into said treatment chamber.
  • an apparatus for carrying out the method of the first aspect of the invention comprising: a heat proof chamber; an inlet for receiving hot gas and a first outlet for exhausting hot gas; a rotatable drum for containing waste to be processed, said drum having gaps therein and being located within the heat proof chamber and separated therefrom around its edge by a gap; and a means for rotating the drum at a speed such that, in use, waste material that is heat softened is centrifugally separated from the remainder of the waste and passes through the gaps in the drum.
  • the apparatus further comprises a retaining means, adjacent to and separated from the interior of the drum such that a space is defined between the retaining means and the drum for receiving the waste.
  • a retaining means adjacent to and separated from the interior of the drum such that a space is defined between the retaining means and the drum for receiving the waste.
  • the retaining means is separable. This enables the retaining means to be used to load the waste material, for example when being used for separating insulation from metal cable cables the insulated cables can be wound around the retaining means prior to it being inserted in the cage.
  • the apparatus may further comprise a chamber liner located adjacent the side walls of the heat proof chamber.
  • the liner prevents the molten plastic from coming into contact with the walls of the chamber and may, for example, be constructed of steel.
  • the inlet comprises an inlet conduit centrally located within the drum, the inlet conduit having a plurality of outlet holes therein about its circumference.
  • the hot gas can enter the drum through the conduit and is distributed internally within the drum around the circumference of the inlet conduit to effect even heating.
  • the apparatus includes a collection pan located at the lower end of the heat proof chamber for, in use, collecting the heat softened material separated from the waste.
  • the collection pan may be in the shape of an open topped annulus.
  • the means of heating the chamber comprises an inlet for receiving hot gas and an outlet for exhausting hot gas, the outlet preferably passes through the centre of the annulus.
  • the collection pan may be removably attachable to the chamber liner.
  • the means of rotating the drum comprises an electric motor located externally of the heat proof chamber and having a drive shaft passing through the heat proof container from the outside to the inside.
  • the chamber has an opening along one side thereof for providing a second, alternative, outlet for the hot gas and valve means for selectively opening a flow path through either the first outlet and/or through the second outlet.
  • the opening is elongate.
  • the liner may also have a slit that extends along its length and which aligns with an elongate outlet in the side of the chamber giving an alternative exit route for the hot gas.
  • the apparatus comprises the retaining means, adjacent to and separated from the interior of the drum such that a space is defined between the retaining means and the drum for receiving the waste; the chamber liner located adjacent the side walls of the heat proof chamber; and the collection pan located at the lower end of the heat proof chamber for, in use, collecting the heat softened material separated from the waste; and the rotatable drum, the retaining means, the chamber liner, and the collection pan form a waste processing cartridge, the waste processing cartridge removable from the heat proof chamber as a single unit.
  • Figure 1 is a cross section of an orthogonal view of an apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross section of an orthogonal view of a chamber liner and collection pan for use in the apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows the steps by which solidified heat softenable material is removed from the collection pan according to the invention
  • Figure 5 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a cross section of an orthogonal view of an alternative arrangement of the invention having a second outlet
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative arrangement of the chamber liner for use in the apparatus shown in figure 6;
  • Figure 8 shows a flow chart of a further method according to the invention
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a system for performing the method of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 an apparatus 100 for processing waste material is shown.
  • the apparatus comprises a heat proof chamber 102 having a lid 104, the chamber and lid defining an interior space in which the waste can be processed.
  • the chamber is preferably of a refractory lined material, although other materials capable of withstanding the process temperatures may of course be used.
  • Located in the lid 104 is an inlet 106 for receiving hot gasses which are used to heat the interior of the chamber.
  • a substantially tubular inlet conduit 108 extends from the inlet into the interior of the chamber 102 substantially along its central axis.
  • the conduit 108 has a closed end and a plurality of perforations 110 in its sides evenly spaced about its circumference.
  • An outlet 1 12 is located at the bottom of the chamber through which hot gasses can exit the apparatus 100.
  • the outlet exits the chamber 102 substantially about its central axis.
  • Located within the chamber is a chamber liner 114 which is adjacent to the side walls of the chamber 102 lining the sides thereof.
  • Located at the bottom of the chamber between the outlet and the side walls is a collection pan 1 16 that is removably attached to the chamber liner 114.
  • the collection pan is substantially annular in shape and has an inner surface the upper edge of which curves towards the pan, i.e. away from the annular opening in the centre of the pan 1 16.
  • a rotating drum 118 Located within the chamber, and aligned on its central axis is a rotating drum 118 that has a plurality of perforations 120 therein.
  • the drum 1 18 has a bottom surface 122 by which it is attached to a shaft that passes through the bottom of the chamber 102 and is driven by a motor 126 via a gearbox 128. As the drum is rotated, the vertical orientation provides the most mechanically sound bearing orientation for the rotation as there are no static bending loads on the shaft or bearing.
  • a retainer 130 that is coaxial with the drum 1 18 and defines a waste holding space between the drum 1 18 and the retainer 130.
  • the retainer has spacers 132 to hold it in spaced relationship from the drum 118. Although only shown at the bottom it will be appreciated that similar spaces (not shown) may also be located at the top of the retainer 130.
  • the inlet conduit 108 extends into the centre of the drum 1 18.
  • the shaft 124 passes through the centre of the collection pan 1 16 and maintains the drum 1 18 in spaced relationship from the collection pan 1 16.
  • Hot gas passing from the inlet 106 to the outlet 1 12 enters the chamber 102 in its centre and the hot gasses then flow outwards through the waste material that is being processed, between the base of the drum and the collection pan 1 16 and through the central opening in the base of the chamber to the outlet 112.
  • both the inlet 106 and outlet 112 are located on the central axis of the processing chamber a substantially even flow through the chamber will be effected resulting in even heating of the waste therein without the formation of hotspots.
  • the rotation of the drum by the motor contributes to the even heating as, in the even that hotspots of concentrated air flow are experienced, passing rotating the drum prevents these hotspots heating a single are of the waste.
  • the liner 1 14 substantially comprises a tubular piece of metal that in use lines the interior of the container and the collection pan comprises a U shaped annulus having a bottom surface 134 and upright inner 136 and outer annular 138 surfaces defining the collection space therebetween for collecting plastic 142 or other heat softening material.
  • the inner surface 136 has an inwardly curving lip 140 at its upper edge which defines the edge of a gas flow path.
  • the curved lip 140 assists in reducing turbulence in the gas flowing out of the outlet and assists in preventing molten plastic from being entrained into the gas flow from the collection space.
  • the collection pan 1 16 is removably connected to the liner 114 by means of a simple push fit. In use, as the drum rotates the heat softened material separates from the waste being processed and flows down the liner walls to gather in the collection pan 1 16.
  • the liner 1 14 and collection pan 1 6 are removed from the container (for example as part of a treatment cartridge, and can then be processed for re-use.
  • the material to be processed is placed in the waste processing cartridge 117, between the retainer 130 and the drum 118.
  • the cable may be wound around the retainer 130 and then the retainer and cable are positioned inside the drum 118.
  • the cartridge 117 once loaded, is then placed in the chamber 102 and the lid 104 is attached.
  • a seal is formed between the cartridge and the lid to prevent the leaking of any gasses or fumes from the chamber.
  • Hot gases are then passed in the inlet 106 and out of the outlet 1 12 so that a flow of hot air is established through the chamber and over the waste to be processed.
  • the gas has a reduced oxygen concentration (compared to free air) and is preferably substantially devoid of oxygen so as to prevent oxidation of the materials being processed.
  • the gas is at an elevated temperature but below the temperature at which the plastic material would pyrolyse.
  • the drum 1 18 is rotated as the gasses are passed therethrough.
  • the rotation has two effects, the first effect is that as the chamber 102 is rotated the material is moved about the container and becomes evenly heated, compensating for any possible cool or hot spots caused by local variance in flow pattern within the chamber 102.
  • the second effect of the rotation is that a centrifugal force is applied to the material being processed. As the material becomes heated the heat softenable part will soften and become flowable. The centrifugal force created by the rotation of the drum 1 18 exerts an outward force on the softened material causing it to move towards the outside of the drum 1 18. Once the softened material reaches the outside of the drum 1 18 it becomes separated therefrom along a radial path and will come into contact with the chamber liner from where it will flow, under the influence of gravity down the liner 1 14 and collect in the collection pan 1 16 at the bottom thereof.
  • the speed of rotation necessary to cause the material to become centrifugally separated will, of course, depend on the diameter of the drum 1 18 and on the materials being processed, for example materials that become quickly flowable with a low viscosity will require a lesser centrifugal separation force (and hence drum rotation) than materials that slowly soften over a range of temperature and have a high viscosity.
  • the separation is complete and the heat and rotation can be stopped and the cartridge 1 17 removed from the chamber 102, allowed to cool, opened and the cable and plastic removed therefrom.
  • the metal will, at this stage still have small remnants of the heat softenable material thereon and may need further processing to clean it. This may be done in a known way externally form the apparatus of the invention, for example as describes in WO/2004 059229 in the name of Al Chalabi et al.
  • the metal may be cleaned in the same apparatus by increasing the temperature of the gas to above the pyrolysis temperature and continuing to pass it through the chamber to pyrolyse any remaining unwanted material on the metal. It will, of course, be essential that if this process is followed that the plastic collected in the collection pan 116 is maintained at a temperature below its pyrolysis temperature. This may be done by providing a deeper collection pan 116 to maintain the plastic out of the main flow path of the hot gas and/or reducing insulation surrounding the collection pan 116 so that heat loss therefrom prevents material in the collection pan 116 from becoming over heated.
  • the container 102a is provided with an elongate opening 1 4 along one side thereof and the liner 114a is also provided with an elongate opening 146 aligned with the opening 144.
  • the apparatus is further provided with control valves downstream of the opening 144 and the opening 1 12 so as to enable a control system or operator to selectively open and close the flow paths through each opening. In use the apparatus is loaded with waste as described above.
  • This cleaning step may be done at a gas temperature below the softening temperature of the plastic or at the process temperature such that cleaning occurs prior to the material having absorbed sufficient heat to soften.
  • the valves are operated to close the flow path through the opening 144 and open the flow path through opening 1 12 so that separation of the waste may commence. In this manner, waste material separated during the process is clean material and has reduced or no contamination from the surfaces of the material therein. As the collection pan 116 operates as a trap to collect the heat softened material 142 the use of two openings prevents any entrained dirt merely collecting in the collection pan 1 16. A further benefit of this arrangement is that once the heat softened materials are separated from the remainder of the waste being processed the valves (not shown) can be operated to change the flow paths such that the hot gas exits through the opening 144 and not through outlet 1 12. The temperature of the gas can then be increased to above the pyrolysis temperature of the heat softenable material to clean pyrolyse any residual material on the non heat softenable part of the waste thereby cleaning it.
  • the separated materials are removed from the container 102a as described with reference to the first embodiment.
  • the recovered heat softenable materials, e.g. plastics, from the cleaned waste contain a much lower contamination level and therefore are of higher value for re-use.
  • FIG. 9 a schematic diagram of a system for performing a method of the invention is shown.
  • An apparatus for pyrolysing material 200 is shown which has a chamber for receiving material containing organic matter.
  • the material is heated in the apparatus by passing hot gas through the chamber containing substantially no oxygen.
  • the gas heats the material and causes it to pyrolyse and to produce syngas.
  • the syngas is circulated between the apparatus 200 and a thermal treatment chamber 202 via conduits 204 and 206.
  • the gas is heated to an elevated temperature, typically in excess of 800°C for a residence time, typically at least 2 minutes, so as to destroy any volatile organic compounds (VOC's) therein.
  • the gas in the treatment chamber 202 is heated by means of a gas burner burning virgin fuel 208, although other means of heating may be used.
  • the treatment chamber 202 has an outlet 210 from which the clean gas can be extracted and used, for example to produce electrical energy by known means.
  • a conduit 212 provides a flow of gas from the feed conduit 204 (shown) or the return conduit 206 (not shown) to the apparatus 100 to heat the material therein.
  • a heat exchanger may be provided in the conduit 212 to reduce the temperature of the gas prior to it entering the apparatus 100 to below the pyrolysis temperature of the material therein.
  • An outlet conduit 220 returns the gas that has passed through the apparatus 100 to the treatment chamber 202.
  • the apparatus is connected to the outlet conduit by valves 214 and 218 that can open a flow path through either of two apparatus outlets as described above, in particular in relation to Figures 6 and 8.
  • the combination of the rotating drum type apparatus with the pyrolysis apparatus enables the rotating drum apparatus to take benefit of the heat from the pyrolysis apparatus.
  • the apparatus first separates the majority of the plastic from the material in the drum by softening it and then centrifugally separating it, and then the remainder of the waste is heated to a higher temperature to treat any organic matter remaining, thereby generating syngas that is fed back into the system.
  • the separation process for removing the heat softenable material for recycling required minimum energy input over its cycle as it both uses energy (in softening the material) and gives back energy, in the form of syngas from the pyrolysis stage, thereby greatly increasing the efficiency of the system.
  • It is further advantageous that in a single processing system material such as insulated electrical cables can be processed alongside and in combination with other materials while avoiding the problems associated with processing waste insulated cable in the apparatus of the prior art.
  • any material that comprises a high percentage of heat softenable and non heat softenable material may be processed by the method and apparatus described herein

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil (100) pour traiter un matériau de déchets qui comprend une chambre résistante à la chaleur (102), une entrée de gaz chaud (106, 112) pour chauffer l'intérieur de la chambre résistante à la chaleur (102), et un cylindre rotatif (118) pour contenir des déchets à traiter. Le cylindre (118) a des espacements (120) dans celui-ci, est situé dans la chambre résistante à la chaleur (102), et séparé de celle-ci autour de son bord par un espacement. L'appareil (100) est également pourvu d'un entraînement (126, 128) pour faire tourner le cylindre (118) à une vitesse telle que, en utilisation, un matériau de déchets qui est ramolli par la chaleur soit séparé par centrifugation du reste des déchets et traverse les espacements (120) dans le cylindre (118). (Figure 1)
EP11760810.9A 2010-11-04 2011-09-07 Améliorations dans le traitement des déchets Active EP2635418B1 (fr)

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PL11760810T PL2635418T3 (pl) 2010-11-04 2011-09-07 Usprawnienia procesu przetwarzania odpadów

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GB201018586A GB2485180B (en) 2010-11-04 2010-11-04 Improvements in waste processing
PCT/GB2011/001310 WO2012059706A1 (fr) 2010-11-04 2011-09-07 Améliorations dans le traitement des déchets

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EP2635418A1 true EP2635418A1 (fr) 2013-09-11
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CN108879495A (zh) * 2018-08-14 2018-11-23 岳西县天鹅电子科技有限公司 一种线头的外皮和导线分离装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103282177B (zh) 2016-09-21
GB2485180A (en) 2012-05-09
GB201018586D0 (en) 2010-12-22
PL2635418T3 (pl) 2016-04-29
WO2012059706A1 (fr) 2012-05-10
WO2012059706A8 (fr) 2012-08-23
EP2635418B1 (fr) 2015-10-21
GB2485180B (en) 2012-09-26
US20140144043A1 (en) 2014-05-29
US8869425B2 (en) 2014-10-28
CN103282177A (zh) 2013-09-04

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