EP2623690B1 - Tribune - Google Patents

Tribune Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2623690B1
EP2623690B1 EP12153956.3A EP12153956A EP2623690B1 EP 2623690 B1 EP2623690 B1 EP 2623690B1 EP 12153956 A EP12153956 A EP 12153956A EP 2623690 B1 EP2623690 B1 EP 2623690B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rows
gradient
seats
row
standing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12153956.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2623690A1 (fr
Inventor
Lars Rühmann
Timothy Pape
Tim Schierwater
Mark Höfler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inter+-Pol Freie Forschungs- U Entwicklungsges F Unfassb Formate Exper Proj ungesehene Filme Dicke U Duenne Buecher Grenzenl Raume mbh
Original Assignee
Inter+-Pol Freie Forschungs- U Entwicklungsges F Unfassb Formate Exper Proj ungesehene Filme Dicke U Duenne Buecher Grenzenl Raume mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inter+-Pol Freie Forschungs- U Entwicklungsges F Unfassb Formate Exper Proj ungesehene Filme Dicke U Duenne Buecher Grenzenl Raume mbh filed Critical Inter+-Pol Freie Forschungs- U Entwicklungsges F Unfassb Formate Exper Proj ungesehene Filme Dicke U Duenne Buecher Grenzenl Raume mbh
Priority to EP12153956.3A priority Critical patent/EP2623690B1/fr
Priority to US13/566,477 priority patent/US9085913B2/en
Priority to CA2862358A priority patent/CA2862358C/fr
Priority to EP13704046.5A priority patent/EP2809856A2/fr
Priority to AU2013214152A priority patent/AU2013214152B2/en
Priority to RU2014135801A priority patent/RU2652723C2/ru
Priority to DE201320009237 priority patent/DE202013009237U1/de
Priority to MX2014009050A priority patent/MX342541B/es
Priority to PCT/EP2013/052040 priority patent/WO2013113878A2/fr
Publication of EP2623690A1 publication Critical patent/EP2623690A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2623690B1 publication Critical patent/EP2623690B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
    • E04H3/10—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons for meetings, entertainments, or sports
    • E04H3/12—Tribunes, grandstands or terraces for spectators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tribune with a plurality of stepped increasing rows of seats and / or standing room rows, which are accessible via at least one the height difference between the rows of seats and / or standing room rows bridging access.
  • a tribune of the type mentioned above This has a plurality of stepped rising rows of seats. Visitors arrive at the grandstand via an entrance and from there can access the desired row of seats via a stepped passage which bridges the difference in height between the rows. Since the maximum height of a step or the slope ratio is limited due to the anatomy of humans and each stage must not be less than a certain width, the slope of this stage is limited to a maximum of about 36 °. Because the stepped passage is essentially parallel with As the rows of seats increase, the maximum slope of the grandstand is limited to this value.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a grandstand, which offers improved viewing conditions and thus a more intense and / or more immediate experience of the respective performance for the audience and can be securely opened.
  • the AT 007567 U1 relates to a show arena whose floor plan is either oval / elliptical, square or rectangular, the individual stands or the individual seats are up and down or left and right to move.
  • the focus is a lift with pulpit, on which a moderator can stand and which is rotatable about its own axis.
  • the CH 311116 A relates to a spectator tribune, which surrounds the screening room on all sides, for standing and walking spectators, characterized in that starting from the top of the grandstand at least two separate from each other by railing courses in mutually staggered altitude run side by side in the manner of a multi-course cone spiral and are arranged so that the Viewers in at least two columns have to wander the showroom several times before they reach the exit next to it.
  • the object is achieved by a tribune according to claim 1.
  • a grandstand with stepped rising rows of seats and / or rows of standing rows according to claim 1 is proposed.
  • exactly one row can be arranged on one level, so that each row of seats or standing rows has a height difference from the preceding row of standing or standing rows.
  • more than one row may be arranged on a step, so that respective groups of rows of seats have a height difference from one another.
  • the height difference between two rows of seats may, in some embodiments of the invention, be between about 10 cm and about 250 cm, or between about 30 and about 200 cm, or between about 45 and about 140 cm.
  • Row of seats differs from standing room rows in that the rows of seats are provided with individual or interconnected, hinged or rigid seating.
  • An optional railing may be placed between two adjacent rows of seats so that it is difficult for the user of such a row to get into the underlying row immediately without using the access. For large height differences between the individual rows of such a railing may also be required for security reasons.
  • the gradient of the rows of seats and the gradient of the passage include an angle of about 20 ° to about 90 °, wherein the gradient of the passage has a component which is parallel to the rows of seats and / or standing rows and in the direction of Shows rows of seats.
  • the gradient of the access means the direction of the steepest ascent.
  • the gradient thus runs orthogonally to the front edge or trailing edge of the steps. If steps or ramps are not created in a straight line, the gradient curve is also not rectilinear.
  • the gradient can be specified at a predefinable point as the direction of the tangent to the gradient curve.
  • the gradient of the rows of seats and / or rows of standing refers to the direction of the steepest increase of the rows of seats. Also in this case, the gradient thus runs orthogonal to the leading edge or trailing edge of the rows of seats, if they have a substantially rectangular floor plan.
  • the grandstand according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the gradient of the access and the gradient of the seating rows enclose an angle of approximately 20 ° to approximately 90 °, ie.
  • the access path has a component running in the direction of the rows of seats.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that a route, which does not run in the plane of the rows of seats, may have a deviating from this level slope.
  • a relatively shallow access can be provided, which can be combined with a steeper grandstand.
  • a flat platform can be provided with a steep access, in order to allow in this way a space-saving development of the grandstand.
  • the gradient of the rows of seats and the gradient of the access may include an angle of about 40 ° to about 90 °. In some embodiments of the invention, the gradient of the rows of seats and the gradient of the path may include an angle of about 70 ° to about 90 °.
  • the grandstand may have at least one first tier having a plurality of rows of seats and / or standing rows and at least one second tier having a plurality of rows of seats and / or standing rows, each tier more than about 100 or more has about 200 sitting and / or standing room.
  • the second rank may be located above the first rank, i. offset in the vertical direction.
  • Each rank may have at least one row of seats in one embodiment of the invention.
  • each rank may have a plurality of rows of seats. Two adjacent ranks may differ from two adjacent rows by an increased distance or height difference. Two adjacent ranks can have a clear structural separation.
  • two different ranks may be distinguished by different approaches. In that regard, a rank is a group of rows of seats containing at least one row.
  • the grandstand may have more than about 2,000, more than 3,000 or more than about 5,000 seating and / or standing places.
  • multiple bleachers may be combined into one stadium, which accordingly may accommodate more than 5000, more than 10,000, more than 30,000 or more than 40,000 visitors.
  • a plurality of grandstands may be statically interdependent or independent. Such grandstands or large stadiums often suffer from the problem that a large number of rows of seats must be provided for the large number of visitors, so that at a correspondingly low slope of the grandstands, the distance to the pitch or the stage is very large.
  • the pitch of the stepped rising rows of seats and / or standing rows may be about 37 ° to about 80 °. In other embodiments of the invention, the pitch of the stepped rising rows of seats and / or standing rows may be about 40 ° to about 80 °. In other embodiments of the invention, the pitch of the stepped rising rows of seats and / or standing rows may be about 45 ° to about 75 °.
  • the path through the other course may have a slight incline of about 36 ° or less.
  • the slope of the access may even be less than 32 °. This allows a comfortable and fearless use of the access, so that even large numbers of users can commit this quickly without causing a backlog.
  • the width of the access from the lowermost row of seats or standing row is to the top row of seats or standing row constant and usually refers to a minimum width, which is based on the human anatomy.
  • the width of the access may decrease from the lowest row of seats or standing row to the highest row of seats or standing row.
  • Such an embodiment of the invention takes into account the fact that the visitors to an upper row of seats must also use the stepped passage of the underlying rows of seats in order to get to their place. In this respect, the number of potential users of the staircase gradually decreases from bottom to top. Accordingly, the capacity of the stepped passage decreases steadily due to the decreasing width and the additional space can be used for additional sitting or standing room or functional areas.
  • the width of the pathway may be from about 80 cm to about 300 cm, depending on the minimum amount of escape or the number of people to be evacuated. It has been shown that, depending on the size of the respective row of seats, this width of the access is sufficient to guide the streams of visitors safely over the access road.
  • the direction of travel at the entrance and the gradient of the access may include an angle of about 0 ° to about 60 °. In other embodiments of the invention, the direction of travel at the entrance and the gradient of the passage may include an angle of about 0 ° to about 30 °.
  • the access such as a stepped passage, can be obliquely committed by visitors.
  • another Save space which can be used by more sitting or standing room or functional areas.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates how the gradient of the rows of seats 15 and the gradient of the passage 125 enclose an angle of about 20 ° to about 90 °.
  • the gradient of the access means the direction of the steepest ascent.
  • the gradient thus runs orthogonally to the front edge or trailing edge of the steps. If steps or ramps are not created in a straight line, the gradient curve is also not rectilinear.
  • the gradient at a predefinable point can be specified as the direction of the tangent to the gradient curve.
  • the gradient of the rows of seats and / or rows of standing refers to the direction of the steepest increase of the rows of seats. Also in this case, the gradient thus runs orthogonal to the leading edge or trailing edge of the rows of seats, if they have a substantially rectangular floor plan.
  • the grandstand according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the gradient of the access and the gradient of the seating rows enclose an angle of approximately 20 ° to approximately 90 °, ie.
  • the access path has a component running in the direction of the rows of seats.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a tribune 1 and a representation of a section of a larger grandstand 1.
  • the grandstand 1 has at least one lower tier 13 and at least one upper tier 14.
  • the principle of the invention is universally applicable to sitting and / or standing room rows. Which type of rows of seats have the ranks can be determined depending on the particular application, ie depending on the comfort expectation of the visitors and the number of visitors to be accommodated. Accordingly, the grandstand 1 exclusively with standing room, exclusively with seats or as shown combined with seating and standing room.
  • Each row of seats has a height difference y to the previous row of seats.
  • the amount of height difference y In some embodiments of the invention, it may be between about 10 cm and about 250 cm, or between about 30 and about 200 cm, or between about 45 and about 140 cm.
  • the amount of the height difference y may be the same for the lower grandstand 13 and the upper grandstand 14 or be chosen differently.
  • each row of seats 135 or 145 has a depth x, within which the respective sitting or standing room is arranged, as well as the necessary traffic areas, so that the visitors can reach their place within a row.
  • the slope of the upper rank 14 is greater than the slope of the lower rank thirteenth
  • the rank 13 is opened in a known manner by a route 12.
  • the gradient of the passageway 12 is parallel to the gradient of the rows of seats 135. This means that the slope of the passageway 12 can not be less than the slope of the rows of seats 135.
  • the surface of a step of a staircase requires a minimum depth. Most of the depth of the step is not less than 26 cm. Furthermore, the slope ratio must be maintained on an average human stride of about 61cm to 64cm. This results in a maximum height of the steps 123 of 19 cm or 20 cm. This corresponds to a maximum pitch of 36.16 degrees, which in the illustrated embodiment is identical to the pitch of the rank 13.
  • the upper stand 14 is provided in the illustrated embodiment with rows of seats 145, which each have the greater height difference y to each other like the Row of seats 135. Since the standing row rows have a steeper line of sight to the nearest point of action due to their advanced position advanced, the rows of seats in the upper tier 14 are steeper than in the lower tier 13. With a conventional approach 12, which is illustrated by the lower tier 13 Rank 14 can no longer be tapped because either the appearance of the steps 123 is too small or the height difference between two adjacent steps becomes too large. This represents not only a loss of comfort for the visitors but also a security risk, because the visitors could easily stumble on such a steep staircase and a quick clearance of the grandstand in an emergency is no longer guaranteed.
  • the gradient of the access 12 according to the invention which is explained with reference to the upper rank 14, therefore does not run parallel to the gradient of the rows of seats 145, but rather approximately orthogonally. In this way, the route 12 may have a different pitch than the rows of seats 145, so that even for the development of a very steep grandstand comfortable and safe access 12 can be used with less slope.
  • the visitors In order to get into the rows of seats 145, the visitors first go via a first access 121 to a pedestal 122. It should be noted that the illustrated position of the pedestal 122 at the level between the first and the second row of seats 145 is optional. The pedestal 122 can also be arranged in greater or lesser height.
  • six accessions 12 branch in the direction 17 of the rows of seats 145.
  • the rows of seats located on the left of the pedestal 122 are opened by two accessions 12 and the rows of seats located on the right of the pedestal 122 are each accessible by two routes 12.
  • two paths 12 extend upwards and two downwards, so that in each case all rows of seats are opened from the pedestal 122 can, so both the above and below the rows of seats as well as the right and left rows of seats.
  • some of the illustrated six accessions 12 may be dispensed with and / or also equal height accesses may be added.
  • the directions 12 extend in approximately orthogonal to the direction of the first path 121.
  • the running direction on the path 12 in this case runs approximately at an angle of 20 degrees to the gradient of the path in the direction of the rows of seats 145.
  • the difference in height between the standing rows 145 so not overcome in the direction of the gradient of the rows 145, but orthogonal to it.
  • the gradient of the route 12 is not exactly orthogonal in the direction of the Platzlatz Horn 145 or the running direction includes a different angle with the standing room rows 145.
  • the gradient of the standing row rows 145 and the gradient of the passage 12 may not include a right angle, but another angle, for example between about 20 ° and about 90 °, about 45 ° and about 90 ° or about 70 ° and about 90 ° can lie.
  • FIG. 3 again explains the inventive design principle in a plan to a rank 14 with nine standing rows 145 rows.
  • Each standing row row has a height difference of y to the previous standing row, so that the top row of standing row has a difference in height of 8y to the bottom row of standing.
  • each standing-row row 145 has the depth x, which is dimensioned so that the visitors stand comfortably on the rows of stairs and can safely pass each other.
  • the length of the standing row along the longitudinal extent or in the direction 17 of the rows of seats 145 is dimensioned so that each visitor can use a sufficiently large lounge area.
  • the extent may be 0.5 m or 0.75 m per visitor.
  • the height difference between the standing rows 145 may be referred to as gradient 15.
  • the gradient indicates the direction of the altitude change. For rectangular steps, therefore, the gradient 15 is orthogonal to the longitudinal extension of the respective standing row row 145.
  • Access 12 leads to a substantially flat path or platform 122.
  • Access 12 overcomes the difference in height between the individual standing row rows 145 by a plurality of steps 123
  • Access 12 thus has a gradient 125, which extends at rectangular steps orthogonal to the respective edge.
  • the gradient 125 of the passageway 12 is substantially perpendicular to the gradient 15 of the rows of seats 145.
  • the access 12 is formed in the example shown as a step.
  • the step can have more than 3, more than 6 or more than 10 levels.
  • the width of the route 12 increases from top to bottom.
  • the width B 1 of the first stage is shown and the width B 5 of the twelfth stage. It is readily apparent that at the level of the twelfth stage, a narrower width of the access route 12 makes sense, since only the visitors of the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth rows on the access road 12 operate here. In the area of the first stage, however, the access is wider, since in addition the visitors of the second, third, fourth and fifth row on the route 12 run. In this way, on the one hand, the throughput of the route 12 can be increased, but without occupying unnecessary space, since the access is carried out only at the full-width locations where the traffic flows are maximum.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention. Since the view and the reference numbers used with the basis of FIG. 3 is identical to the first embodiment described, the following description is limited to explaining the essential differences of the second embodiment. Also in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 sets a route 12 on a pedestal 122.
  • the access 12 has a constant width over its entire longitudinal extent. The width is dimensioned so that a sufficiently fast evacuation of the grandstand or rank 14 is made possible. Since the upper standing-room rows 145 are shorter than the lower standing-row rows, the traffic flows increase from top to bottom,
  • the gradient 125 of the access 12 runs approximately orthogonally to the gradient 15 of the standing row rows 145.
  • the running direction 16 of the visitor on the access path 12 is not parallel to the gradient 125 of the access path 12. Rather, the running direction 16 and the gradient 125 close an angle to each other, in the illustrated Embodiment 38 °.
  • This angle can be chosen so that the access road 12 is still comfortably accessible. For example, the angle may be between about 0 ° and about 60 °.
  • FIG. 5 shows nine standing rows 145 of a rank 14, as based on FIG. 3 explained.
  • the gradient 125 of the passage 12 with the gradient 15 of the standing row rows 145 includes an angle which is different from the right angle.
  • an angle of 53 ° is selected by way of example.
  • this angle may also assume other values in other embodiments of the invention.
  • the gradient 125 has a component which is at right angles to the gradient 15.
  • the access way 12 also has a constant width B.
  • the space-saving embodiment which is more space-saving than the first embodiment of the invention, can be used to save traffic areas and to extend functional areas on the rank 14 for this purpose.
  • the access 12 does not necessarily have to be provided with a stepped passage 123.
  • the track 12 may also be a stepless ramp, which For example, with wheelchairs or strollers can be easily traveled.
  • the access path 12 is designed as a stepped passage, it can have more than 3, more than 6 or more than 10 steps.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Special Chairs (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Tribune (1) avec une pluralité de rangées de places assises et/ou de rangées de places debout (135/145) disposées en gradins ascendants, lesquelles sont accessibles via au moins une voie d'accès (12) franchissant la différence de hauteur (y) entre les rangées de places assises et/ou les rangées de places debout (135/145), le gradient (15) des rangées de places assises et/ou des rangées de places debout (135/145) et le gradient (125) de la voie d'accès (12) formant un angle de 20° à 90°,
    le gradient de la voie d'accès (12) présentant une composante qui s'étend parallèlement aux rangées de places assises et/ou aux rangées de places debout, caractérisée en ce que cette composante est orientée dans la direction des rangées de places.
  2. Tribune selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la voie d'accès présente plus de 3 pentes et/ou plus d'une rangée de places est accessible à l'aide d'un escalier continu.
  3. Tribune selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le gradient des rangées de places assises (135) et/ou des rangées de places debout (145) et le gradient de la voie d'accès (12) forment un angle de 45° à 90° ou un angle de 70° à 90°.
  4. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le gradient des rangées de places est différent de celui de la voie d'accès.
  5. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le gradient des rangées de places est plus grand que celui de la voie d'accès.
  6. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la tribune présente au moins une première rangée (13) avec une pluralité de rangées de places assises et/ou de places debout (135/145) et au moins une deuxième rangée (14) avec une pluralité de rangées de places assises et/ou de places debout (135/145) et une rangée présente plus de 100 ou plus de 200 places assises et/ou places debout.
  7. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que celle-ci présente plus de 3000 ou plus de 5000 places assises et/ou places debout.
  8. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la pente des rangées de places assises et/ou rangées de places debout disposées en gradins (135/145) est de 37° à 80°, ou de 40° à 80°, ou de 45° à 75°.
  9. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que la pente de la voie d'accès (12) est inférieure à 37° ou inférieure à 32°.
  10. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la largeur (B) de la voie d'accès (12) diminue de la rangée inférieure de places assises ou de places debout (135/145) vers la rangée supérieure de places assises ou de places debout (135/145).
  11. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la largeur de la voie d'accès (12) reste constante de la rangée inférieure de places assises ou de places debout (135/145) vers la rangée supérieure de places assises ou de places debout (135/145).
  12. Tribune selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que la largeur de la voie d'accès (12) est de 80 cm à 300 cm.
  13. Tribune selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que le sens de marche (16) de la voie d'accès et le gradient (12) de la voie d'accès forment un angle de 0° à 60° ou un angle de 0° à 30°.
EP12153956.3A 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Tribune Active EP2623690B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12153956.3A EP2623690B1 (fr) 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Tribune
US13/566,477 US9085913B2 (en) 2012-02-03 2012-08-03 Grandstand
EP13704046.5A EP2809856A2 (fr) 2012-02-03 2013-02-01 Tribune
AU2013214152A AU2013214152B2 (en) 2012-02-03 2013-02-01 Grandstand
CA2862358A CA2862358C (fr) 2012-02-03 2013-02-01 Tribune
RU2014135801A RU2652723C2 (ru) 2012-02-03 2013-02-01 Трибуна
DE201320009237 DE202013009237U1 (de) 2012-02-03 2013-02-01 Tribüne
MX2014009050A MX342541B (es) 2012-02-03 2013-02-01 Tribuna.
PCT/EP2013/052040 WO2013113878A2 (fr) 2012-02-03 2013-02-01 Tribune

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12153956.3A EP2623690B1 (fr) 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Tribune

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2623690A1 EP2623690A1 (fr) 2013-08-07
EP2623690B1 true EP2623690B1 (fr) 2018-04-04

Family

ID=45560796

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12153956.3A Active EP2623690B1 (fr) 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Tribune

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US9085913B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2623690B1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2831217A (en) * 1958-04-22 C j-ombardo
US663950A (en) * 1900-04-03 1900-12-18 Franz Burger Assembly-building.
US746345A (en) * 1903-05-27 1903-12-08 Hermann L Kubbernuss Fireproof construction.
US1660263A (en) * 1924-02-23 1928-02-21 Fowler Engineering Corp Theater structure
US1957947A (en) * 1931-09-18 1934-05-08 Henry H Dreyfuss Motion picture auditorium
CH311116A (de) * 1950-04-17 1955-11-30 Walter Hoffmeister Ernst Zuschauertribüne.
US3168761A (en) * 1961-10-27 1965-02-09 Graf Herbert Combined axial theater and arena
FR1352961A (fr) * 1963-01-09 1964-02-21 Perfectionnements à l'architecture des théâtres
US3975869A (en) * 1974-11-18 1976-08-24 James Bouton Sports complex
JPH07107334B2 (ja) * 1990-01-08 1995-11-15 三井建設株式会社 劇場用客席構造
US5622013A (en) * 1994-03-07 1997-04-22 Kajima Corporation Structure of multipurpose suspended roof arena capable of changing space volume and construction method thereof
US6293052B1 (en) * 1999-02-24 2001-09-25 Bailey Varnado, Jr. Multifunctional complex
DE10025917C1 (de) * 2000-05-26 2001-09-06 Peri Gmbh Tribünenkonstruktion
US6915610B2 (en) * 2001-08-22 2005-07-12 Ssoe, Inc. Multi-purpose arena
US6474023B1 (en) * 2002-01-17 2002-11-05 Arthur S. Takeuchi Seating tiers for stadiums and the like
AT7567U1 (de) * 2003-11-26 2005-05-25 Caranto Unternehmensberatung G Showarena
DE102004045403B4 (de) 2004-09-18 2010-04-08 Bremer Ag Stadionbauwerk
US8407943B2 (en) * 2009-10-30 2013-04-02 Irwin Seating Company Bleacher seating system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130219803A1 (en) 2013-08-29
EP2623690A1 (fr) 2013-08-07
US9085913B2 (en) 2015-07-21

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