EP2576910B1 - Verfahren und element - Google Patents

Verfahren und element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2576910B1
EP2576910B1 EP11790094.4A EP11790094A EP2576910B1 EP 2576910 B1 EP2576910 B1 EP 2576910B1 EP 11790094 A EP11790094 A EP 11790094A EP 2576910 B1 EP2576910 B1 EP 2576910B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stones
grout
stone
placing
contact
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Active
Application number
EP11790094.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2576910A4 (de
EP2576910A1 (de
Inventor
Johan Forsman
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TERRAKOMP AB
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Terrakomp AB
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Publication of EP2576910A4 publication Critical patent/EP2576910A4/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/02—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of natural stones, e.g. sett stones
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/005—Individual couplings or spacer elements for joining the prefabricated units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0053—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to tiles, bricks or the like
    • B28B19/0061—Means for arranging or fixing the tiles, bricks or the like in the mould
    • B28B19/0069—Means for arranging or fixing the tiles, bricks or the like in the mould the tiles, bricks or the like being sunk in resilient mould material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • E01C5/08—Reinforced units with steel frames
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/22—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units composed of a mixture of materials covered by two or more of groups E01C5/008, E01C5/02 - E01C5/20 except embedded reinforcing materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E01C2201/12—Paving elements vertically interlocking

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a method for the manufacture of an element intended to be placed onto a base in order to obtain walking surfaces, traffic-bearing surfaces, decorative surfaces, and other types of surface.
  • the invention concerns also such an element
  • the covering of bases for example ground, with stone, slabs or similar that are placed manually in order to obtain walking surfaces and traffic-bearing surfaces is known.
  • the base on which stones are placed is known as a foundation.
  • the covering of slopes and other types of ground area at pathways, trafficways, plazas, bridges and similar with stone or similar equivalent material is also known. This material is laid manually into sand, stone dust, soil-moistened grout or other previously known stone-setting material.
  • Laying stone is time-consuming work in which all phases of the work take time. Careful laying of the foundation is required with various soil and filler layers, which may require to be shaken or compacted, or shaken and compacted.
  • the manual laying of stones takes time and furthermore is followed by work with the joints in which jointing sand or similar is applied and shaken down between the stones. It may actually take several months, possibly up to years, before the stones laid have become properly stable and are securely in place.
  • This consumption of time is not only a problem of time economy; it is a problem, obviously, also for environmental reasons and for accessibility reasons, since it is the regions at and around streets and roads on which stones are to be laid and the environment, the traffic rhythm and the accessibility will be negatively affected.
  • the work environment is not optimal for those who are to carry out in various manners the work of laying stones, and the work associated with this, since this is physically demanding work, and due to the traffic that it is desired should flow close to the work and at high speeds. If the laying of stones is to be carried out in cold regions, the complete work will be made more difficult also by the external climate due to an even less optimal work environment and due to the fact that the laying of stones may take a longer time, even though the opposite would be most desirable for the result.
  • DE 28 39 704 A1 and DE 34 16 847 A1 disclose a method for the manufacture of an element intended to be laid on a base in order to obtain at least one of walking surfaces, traffic-bearing surfaces, decorative surfaces and other types of surface, said element comprising stones and a grout, said method comprises: placing of the stones in a form, comprising a bottom and side walls, where the bottom is provided in the direction in towards the form with at least one layer of a flexible material, placing of the stones at a distinct distance from each other and with a surface, intended to constitute a part of the wear surface, the decorative surface, of the element directed downwards and in contact with the bottom of the form, in contact with the flexible material, filling of the grout between the stones such that the grout runs between the stones and down to the bottom of the moulding form, onto the flexible material, such that the surfaces of the stones and the grout will together come into contact with the bottom of the moulding form, in contact with the layer of the flexible material, and additional pouring of grout over the stones and the grout between the stones, such that
  • One purpose of this invention is to be able to offer something that improves the work described above of making walking surfaces, traffic-bearing surfaces, decorative surfaces and other surfaces with a focus on reducing the consumption of time, reducing the disturbance to traffic, and improving the work environment, and with an extra focus on improving the actual quality of the walking surfaces, traffic-bearing surfaces, decorative surfaces and other surfaces.
  • This purpose is achieved with a method for the manufacture of an element intended to be placed onto a base in order to obtain at least one of walking surfaces, traffic-bearing surfaces, decorative surfaces and other types of surface according to claim 1 and such an element according to claim 2.
  • This invention concerns an element 1 intended to be placed onto a base A in order to obtain at least one of walking surfaces B, traffic-bearing surfaces C, decorative surfaces D and other types of surface E.
  • Each element 1 is a pre-fabricated part, piece, item, unit, module, that is placed together with one or more additional elements and which thus together create at least one of walking surfaces, traffic-bearing surfaces, decorative surfaces and other types of surface.
  • the elements can be used also individually for short stretches, small areas or special reasons. See Figure 1 .
  • the element 1 comprises stones 2 and a grout 3 that binds the stones 2 together and forms an element with an extended surface area.
  • the stones 2 are arranged at a definite distance from each other such that the grout 3 is present everywhere between the stones 2 and functions as a jointing compound.
  • the grout 3 forms a slab 4 that is arranged under or behind each stone 2, and that holds the stones 2 together.
  • the grout 3 fills the spaces 5 that are present between the stones 2 such that the grout 3 forms and constitutes, together with a surface 2.1 of each stone 2, at least one of a wear surface and a decorative surface 6 of the element 1.
  • each stone is here used to denote each stone 2 with a surface 2.1 that is displayed, a surface that lies at the same height as the grout 3, on the wear surface of the element and that constitutes the upper side, the front, of the element.
  • the element 1, the modular element, is fully pre-fabricated and ready to be used: it does not require any further work when it has been laid in order for it to offer the surface that is required.
  • Each element 1 is fully homogeneous and does not require any separate work with the joints in order to fill any remaining space between the stones 2 that form the wear surface, the decorative surface, of the element, which is its upper side, the front 6. It is simply necessary to lay each element next to the previous element and thus create the surface required.
  • the laying of elements 1 according to the invention takes place with the aid of machines that lift and transport each element. When an element 1 has been laid onto the base, a complete area has been provided with stone and grout corresponding to the stones with joints that were previously used.
  • an element 1 according to the invention reduces the consumption of time during the creation of walking surfaces, traffic-bearing surfaces, decorative surfaces and other surfaces. Such an element 1 reduces also disturbance to traffic, and it improves the work environment and the quality of the walking surfaces and traffic-bearing surfaces B and C, the decorative surfaces D and the other surfaces E.
  • the base in traditional stones laying is known as the "foundation" and approximately the same preparative work is required when laying elements 1 according to the invention onto the base A as is normally constituted by an area of ground.
  • the term "ground” is here used to denote natural ground, normally having undergone preparation, or another type of base that it is desired should be covered by stones.
  • An element 1 according to the invention can be used to create a pre-fabricated surface in areas between indoors and outdoors, where the base may be constituted by something with a greater stability than ground.
  • At least one of the wear surface and the decorative surface 6 of the element is directed upwards or forwards when the element 1 has been placed onto the base A ready for use.
  • the base A may be horizontal or oblique since it may be slopes that are to be covered by elements 1 according to the invention. See Figure 1 .
  • the stones 2 that are used in the element 1 and that form at least one of the wear surface and the decorative surface 6 of the element may be of various types.
  • the same type of stone may be used throughout the element, and it is also possible to use different stones in the same element, freely mixed or more or less strictly divided into different sections, surface parts, of the element such that different patterns arise.
  • the stones be of some form of natural stone or an artificial stone that has been manufactured in some way.
  • the stones 2 may be at least one of dressed natural stone, for example kerbing, crushed natural stone with different sizes and slate.
  • the stones 2 may also be manufactured from some other material, for example ceramic, ceramic glass, polymer material, rubber, artificial material and other mixtures of material.
  • An element 1 with only two stones 2 does not present any improvement and it not desirable. Such an element will simply be heavy and difficult to handle, while still being too small for it to be sensible to be handled using machines.
  • This invention becomes interesting when many stones are united with the aid of the grout such that an element will cover a relatively large area of a base, with a large length or a large width, or both. The size of the area is advantageously such that it is not suitable for manual management, and requires to be handled by machines.
  • the grout 3 is a cement-based grout. It is freely flowing and self-compacting, such that it readily penetrates between the stones and fills all cavities during the manufacture of an element 1, such that the element becomes a compact unit. No vibration is required to compact the grout 3 if the grout is self-compacting, and this, of course, facilitates the manufacture.
  • the grout 3 is an flexible after curing, hardening. It is flexible due to the addition of a material that confers a certain flexibility to the parts that have been formed from the grout.
  • An element 1 according to the invention comprises reinforcement 7 placed into the element, in the slab 4 formed by the grout that lies under, behind, the layer of stones 2. It is appropriate that the reinforcement 7 comprise reinforcement rods that are bound together to form a structure. See Figures 2 and 7 .
  • the element 1 comprises at least one lift arrangement 8 that makes possible handling, lifting, of the element 1 during at least one of manufacture, loading and unloading during transport, mounting, placement, and other displacement.
  • the lift arrangement 8 comprise at least one of a hook, an eye or similar, to which different types of lifting machines can be connected or bound, such that machines can be used to lift and displace each element 1.
  • the element 1 comprises a lift arrangement 8 that is permanently located in the element 1 such that the element 1 can be displacement at any time that this is desired, even if the element 1 has been placed, set in its desired location. It may be desirable to displace the element 1 if something under the element requires adjustment or repair. This may be cables, pipes, culverts or similar.
  • the element 1 comprises at least one material member 9 that is arranged along at least one of the wall sections 1.1 of the element in order to reinforce the wall section 1.1.
  • the material member 9 comprises a metal construction comprising at least one of a steel beam, a steel pipe, a steel plate and a construction from sheet steel that makes contact with or surrounds the wall section 1.1 of the element.
  • the material member 9 in the form of sheet steel may also cover and protect the lower side, the back surface 10, of the element.
  • the wall section 1.1 may be fully or partially provided with such a material member 9. See Figures 1 , 4d , 4f and 6 .
  • the element 1 comprises an oblique wall section 11 that is to make contact with a second neighbouring element 1 whereby the element 1 will lie flush against the neighbouring element in that region 11a of the oblique wall section 11 that is directed towards the upper side, the front surface 6, of the element, and at a pre-determined distance X relative to the neighbouring element 1 in that region 11b of the wall section that is directed towards the lower side, the back surface 10, of the element. See Figures 3 and 4c .
  • the element 1 comprises a construction feature 12 that can be brought into contact with a second element 1, directly or indirectly, through a connection means 12.1, a connection part 12.2 or similar, in order to hold together the two elements against or beside each other.
  • a connection means 12.1, a connection part 12.2 or similar At least one of the construction feature 12, the connection means 12.1 and the connection part 12.2 is, in one embodiment, flexible, and allows a predetermined displacement of the two elements, which are held together against or beside each other, relative to each other. The flexibility can be obtained through the physical design, through, for example a link system, or through the selection of a flexible material. See Figures 4f and 6 .
  • the construction feature 12 may be, for example, a certain design of the wall section 1.1 of the element that corresponds to the design of the neighbouring element such that the designs of the two elements lock their mutual locations relative to each other. See Figure 4a .
  • the construction feature 12 may comprise also a part 12.3 comprised within one element 1 that is brought into interaction with a similar part in a neighbouring element, such that the elements are bound together against or beside each other. See Figure 4b .
  • the construction feature 12 may be constituted by a material member 9 in cases where this is appropriate.
  • connection means 12.1 for example silicone or similar adhesive and at the same time elastic, flexible, means can be applied between the elements 1 such that the elements are held together. See Figure 4c .
  • connection part 12.2 for example a fork, a clamp, a lock arrangement, some form of construction that is attached to the relevant element 1, at the relevant construction feature 12, for example, at or in the vicinity of a reinforcing material member 9 which can in this case be said to constitute the construction feature 12, can be used also to hold together two elements 1 arranged next to each other. See Figures 4d and 4e .
  • the connection part 12.2 may be fixed also at the relevant element and may comprise an intermediate part 12.2a that is flexible, and that allows motion of the two elements relative to each other. See Figure 4f .
  • the flexibility can be obtained through the physical design, through, for example a link system, or through the selection of a flexible material.
  • connection part 12.2 comprise parts 12.2b that are brought into interaction in a manner that allows them to be removed with one or several parts of the relevant element 1, for example a material member 9 or a construction feature 12.
  • Each element 1 can for this purpose either be preformed or comprise parts, for example in the form of a material member 9 or a construction feature 12, that are suitable for interaction with the connection part 12.2.
  • the invention concerns also a method for the manufacture of an element as described above.
  • An element according to the invention is formed, moulded, in a form 13 with a bottom 14 and side walls 15.
  • the method comprises the placing, the arrangement, of stones 2 in the form at a definite distance from each other.
  • One surface 2.1 of each stone, the surface that is intended to constitute a part of the wear surface, the decorative surface, of the element is directed, together with the grout 3, downwards and is placed down onto and against the bottom of the form 14.
  • the stones 2 are laid with their upper sides 2.1, the sides that are to constitute the upper side, the front surface, of the element against the bottom of the form 14. See Figures 5 and 6 .
  • the grout 3 is a cement-based grout that is freely flowing and self-compacting, such that it readily fills in between the stones 2 and fills all cavities such that the element 1 becomes a compact unit. No vibration is required to compact the grout if it is self-compacting, and this, of course, facilitates the manufacture. See Figure 7 .
  • This final grout 3 forms the slab 4 that is present under, behind, the stones 2 in the completed element 1, and that constitutes also the lower side, the back surface 10, of the element.
  • This method is to be seen as a new way of laying stones.
  • the stone laying does not require the same preparation of the base as traditional stone laying, since the stones are simply laid down in a form in the desired pattern. It is even possible to carry out a stone laying in which no stone needs to be laid by hand. Crushed stone is instead placed into, poured into, the form 13 and grout 3 poured over it.
  • the manufacture can take place at any location, and advantageously indoors, such that the manufacture can take place at any time during the year.
  • the quality of the laying of stones is determined by the component materials and a certain degree of expertise, but not at all in the same way as previously, and not within as many fields as previously.
  • the method comprises the placing of reinforcement 7, reinforcement rods that preferably have been bound together to form a structure, over stones in the moulding form.
  • the method comprises the placing of a lift arrangement 8 between the stones 2 in the form 13 such that the completed element 1 will comprise at least one arrangement 8 that makes it possible to lift the element 1 in various situations.
  • the method comprises also the placing of a material member 9, a metal construction, at least one of a steel beam, steel pipe and sheet steel, along, at or inside of at least one of the side walls 15 of the form, or constituting one of the side walls of the form, for reinforcement of at least one of the wall sections of the element.
  • a material member 9 a metal construction, at least one of a steel beam, steel pipe and sheet steel
  • this side wall 15 of the form will be freed from the form such that it can accompany the element 1 as part of it; while the form 13 will be supplemented by a new wall section.
  • the method comprises the placing of at least one construction feature 12 that directly or indirectly makes possible the holding together of two elements 1 arranged next to each other against or beside each other, at or inside of one of the side walls 15 of the form.
  • construction feature 12 that directly or indirectly makes possible the holding together of two elements 1 arranged next to each other against or beside each other, at or inside of one of the side walls 15 of the form.
  • the manufacture is ended by the solidification of the grout 3, which normally takes place for a predetermined duration depending on the grout that has been used. Removal of the completed element 1 from the form 13 then follows, unless the form is to remain in place around the element, fully or partially, and constitute a supportive material member. See Figure 8 .
  • the form 13 intended to be used during the manufacture of an element 1 according to the invention, is as such not part of the present invention.
  • the form 13 comprises a bottom 14 and side walls 15, where the bottom 14 is provided in the direction facing in towards the form with at least one layer 16 of a flexible material, being foamed rubber, or soft cellular plastic.
  • This property, the flexibility, of the bottom 14 and 16 of the form means that when the stones 2 are placed onto the bottom 14 of the form, onto the flexible material layer 16, the material layer 16 will be formed according to the appearance of the stones, the appearance of the surface 2.1 of each stone that is placed against the bottom 14 and 16 of the form 13, such that the bottom 14, the material layer 16, of the form will come into contact with the complete surface 2.1 of the stone.
  • the grout 3 When the grout 3 is subsequently poured into the form 13 and between the stones 2, the grout 3 will run between the stones down to the bottom 14, the material layer 16, but there will not be any cavities between the stones 2 and the bottom 14, the material layer 16, of the form into which the grout 3 can run.
  • the surface 6 of the element 1 that is built up from stones 2 and grout 3 and that is in contact with the bottom 14, the material layer 16, of the form will comprise just stones 2 and grout 3 between the stones 2, but not under the stones 2.
  • the bottom 14 or at least one of the side walls 15 of the form, or both the bottom and at least one of the side walls 15 of the form is manufactured from sheet material, preferably of plywood type.
  • sheet material preferably of plywood type.
  • One sheet of such a material is easy to bend and can therefore be bent and used to give the element 1 a construction feature in the form of a design of the wall section of the element that corresponds to the form of the neighbouring element, such that the forms of the two elements lock their mutual placing relative to each other.
  • the sheet can be given the form of an "S” or similar, which results in the form of an "S” for the elements that are manufactured in the form.
  • the flexibility of such a sheet makes it possible also to form an element with the shape of a segment of a circle, a circle, or any other curved shape. See Figures 11a-11g .
  • At least one of the bottom 14 and at least one of the side walls 15 of the form may also be manufactured from sheet steel.
  • a form 13 may comprise also at least one side wall 15a that leans inwards such that the open side 17 of the form is smaller than the surface area of the bottom 18 of the form.
  • Such a form 13 must have a removable or folding side, appropriately the side 15a that is leaning inwards, such that will be possible to remove the element 1 from the form 13.
  • Such a form 13 results in an element 1 with an oblique wall section 11 that is to come into contact with a second element 1 in the manner that has been described earlier. See Figure 10 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Elements (1), das dazu bestimmt ist, auf eine Unterlage (A) gelegt zu werden, um mindestens eine Gehfläche, verkehrstragende Oberfläche, dekorative Fläche oder andere Arten von Flächen zu erhalten, wobei das Element Steine (2) und einen Mörtel (3) umfasst, gekennzeichnet durch
    Anordnen der Steine (2) in einer Form (13), die einen Boden (14) und Seitenwände (15) umfasst, wobei der Boden (14) in Richtung zur Form hin mit mindestens einer Schicht (16) aus einem flexiblen Material versehen ist, das ein Schaumgummi oder weicher Zellkunststoff ist,
    Anordnen der Steine (2) in einem deutlichen Abstand voneinander und mit einer Fläche (2.1), die dazu bestimmt ist, einen Teil der Tragfläche zu bilden, wobei die dekorative Oberfläche (6) des nach unten gerichteten Elements in Kontakt mit dem Boden (14) der Form und in Kontakt mit dem flexiblen Material ist,
    Anordnen einer Verstärkung (7) über den Steinen (2) in der Form (13), Verfüllen des Mörtels (3) zwischen den Steinen (2) derart, dass der Mörtel (3) zwischen den Steinen (2) und nach unten bis zum Boden (14, 16) der Gießform (13) auf das flexible Material läuft, so dass die Oberflächen (2.1) der Steine (2) und des Mörtels (3) zusammen mit dem Boden (14, 16) der Gießform (13) und mit der Schicht (16) des flexiblen Materials in Kontakt kommen,
    wobei der Mörtel (3) auf Zementbasis und frei fließend und selbstverdichtend ist, so dass der Mörtel (3) eine Platte (4) bildet, die unter oder hinter jedem Stein (2) angeordnet ist und die Steine (2) zusammenhält, und
    wobei das Verfahren ferner das Anordnen einer Hubanordnung (8) zwischen den Steinen (2) in der Gießform (13) und das zusätzliche Gießen von Mörtel (3) über die Steine (2) und Mörtel (3) zwischen den Steinen (2) umfasst, so dass die Steine (2) abgedeckt sind und das Element (1) eine vorbestimmte Dicke (Y) erhält, und dass die Hubanordnung (8) dauerhaft im Element (1) angeordnet ist, so dass das Element (1) jederzeit auch nachdem das Element (1) an der gewünschten Stelle platziert und gesetzt wurde, verschoben werden kann,
    wobei das Verfahren ferner das Anordnen eines Materialelements (9) umfasst, das eine Metallkonstruktion, mindestens einen Stahlträger, ein Stahlrohr oder Stahlblech entlang an oder im Inneren von mindestens einer der Seitenwände (15) der Form umfasst, oder eine der Seitenwände (15) der Form zur Verstärkung von mindestens einem der Wandabschnitte (1.1) des Elements bildet,
    wobei das Verfahren ferner das Anordnen mindestens eines Konstruktionsmerkmals (12), das direkt oder indirekt das Zusammenhalten zweier nebeneinander oder nebeneinander angeordneter Elemente (1) an oder innerhalb einer der Seitenwände (15) der Form ermöglicht, und wobei ein oder mehrere Schritte oder Vorgänge in dem Verfahren mithilfe automatisierter Geräte erfolgen.
  2. Element (1), das dazu bestimmt ist, auf eine Unterlage (A) gelegt zu werden, um mindestens eine der Gehflächen, verkehrstragenden Oberflächen, dekorativen Flächen oder anderen Arten von Flächen zu erhalten, wobei das Element Steine (2) und einen Mörtel (3) umfasst, und das Element nach dem Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 hergestellt ist, wobei die Steine (2) voneinander getrennt angeordnet sind, der Mörtel (3) eine Platte (4) bildet, die unter oder hinter jedem Stein (2) angeordnet ist und die Steine (2) zusammenhält, wobei der Mörtel (3) die Zwischenräume, die zwischen den Steinen (2) vorhanden sind, verfüllt und der Mörtel (3) zusammen mit einer Oberfläche (2.1) jedes Steins (2) eine Tragfläche, eine dekorative Oberfläche, eine Oberseite, eine Vorderseite (6), des Elements (1) gestaltet und bildet,
    wobei der Mörtel (3) ein Mörtel auf Zementbasis ist, und
    wobei das Element (1) eine Hubanordnung (8) umfasst, die permanent in dem Element (1) angeordnet ist, und so die Handhabung, das Anheben des Elements (1) während mindestens der Fertigung, Be- und Entladung während des Transports, der Montage, der Platzierung oder sonstiger Verschiebung ermöglicht,
    wobei das Element (1) auch eine Verstärkung (7) umfasst, die in dem Element (1) angeordnet ist,
    wobei die Steine (2) aus mindestens Naturstein, aufbereitetem Naturstein, zerkleinertem Naturstein unterschiedlicher Größe oder aus einem Material aus Keramikglas, Schiefer, Polymermaterial, Kunstmaterial oder verschiedenen Mischungen dieser Materialien hergestellten Steinen bestehen,
    wobei das Element (1) mindestens ein Materialelement (9) umfasst, das entlang mindestens einem der Wandabschnitte (1.1) des Elements angeordnet ist, um den Wandabschnitt (1.1) zu verstärken,
    wobei das Materialelement (9) eine Metallkonstruktion umfasst, die mindestens einen Stahlträger, ein Stahlrohr oder eine Konstruktion aus Stahlblech umfasst, die die Wandabschnitte und die untere Seite, die Rückfläche, des Elements umgeben,
    wobei das Element (1) mindestens einen schrägen Wandabschnitt (11) umfasst, der mit einem zweiten benachbarten Element in Kontakt kommen soll, wobei das Element (1) bündig mit dem benachbarten Element in diesem Bereich (11 a) des schrägen Wandabschnitts (11) liegt, der zu der Oberseite, der Vorderseite (6), des Elements und in einem vorbestimmten Abstand (x) zu dem benachbarten Element in dem Bereich (11 b) des Wandabschnitts (11) gerichtet ist, der zu der Unterseite, die Rückfläche (10), des Elements gerichtet ist,
    wobei das Element (1) mindestens ein Konstruktionsmerkmal (12) umfasst, das direkt oder indirekt über mindestens ein Verbindungsmittel (12.1) oder ein Anschlussteil (12.2) mit einem zweiten Element in Kontakt gebracht werden kann, um die beiden Elemente gegeneinander oder nebeneinander zu halten, und
    wobei mindestens ein Konstruktionsmerkmal (12), Verbindungsmittel (12.1) oder Verbindungsteil (12.2) flexibel ist und eine vorbestimmte Verschiebung der beiden aneinander oder nebeneinander gehaltenen Elemente relativ zueinander ermöglicht.
EP11790094.4A 2010-06-03 2011-06-01 Verfahren und element Active EP2576910B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1050571A SE536716C2 (sv) 2010-06-03 2010-06-03 Förfarande för tillverkning av element för gång- och trafikytor, element och form
PCT/SE2011/050687 WO2011152791A1 (en) 2010-06-03 2011-06-01 Method, element and form

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EP2576910A1 EP2576910A1 (de) 2013-04-10
EP2576910A4 EP2576910A4 (de) 2017-01-25
EP2576910B1 true EP2576910B1 (de) 2020-09-30

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DK (1) DK2576910T3 (de)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6156844B2 (ja) * 2013-12-06 2017-07-05 株式会社キクテック エプロン用ブロック及びエプロン

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2839704A1 (de) 1978-09-13 1980-03-27 Dettmer Wilhelm Kg Verfahren zur herstellung von betonfertigteilen mit sichtflaechen aus natur- oder kunststeinen
DE3416847A1 (de) 1984-05-07 1985-11-07 Johann Dipl.-Ing. 8904 Friedberg Zaby Verfahren zur herstellung von betonwerksteinen
CH669626A5 (en) 1986-01-21 1989-03-31 Bernhard Mueller Prefab. paved area made of stone blocks - is made in mould containing concrete with embedded reinforcing grid and tubes for handling
DE20304030U1 (de) * 2003-03-12 2003-06-12 Berg Kurt Von Betonplatte mit einer verschiedenfarbigen Sichtseite
SE529972C2 (sv) 2007-04-27 2008-01-22 Haakan Jonsson Refugelement och förfarande för tillverkning därav

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1885720A (en) * 1929-10-29 1932-11-01 Hilda E Hewett Composite paving block
GB1263147A (en) * 1969-03-31 1972-02-09 William Thompson Improvements in or relating to crazy paving components
GB2239665B (en) * 1990-01-03 1993-10-06 Alan Arnfield Constructional element
DE69430467T2 (de) * 1993-11-17 2002-11-28 Carpetstones B V Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Form für Bodenplatten
DE29615078U1 (de) * 1996-09-02 1997-01-02 Baudg Baumarketing Dev Gmbh Natursteinquader mit einer nivellierenden Sohle für die maschinelle Verlegung
DE10040909A1 (de) * 2000-08-18 2002-03-21 Ballaschk Bernd Natursteinmodul

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2839704A1 (de) 1978-09-13 1980-03-27 Dettmer Wilhelm Kg Verfahren zur herstellung von betonfertigteilen mit sichtflaechen aus natur- oder kunststeinen
DE3416847A1 (de) 1984-05-07 1985-11-07 Johann Dipl.-Ing. 8904 Friedberg Zaby Verfahren zur herstellung von betonwerksteinen
CH669626A5 (en) 1986-01-21 1989-03-31 Bernhard Mueller Prefab. paved area made of stone blocks - is made in mould containing concrete with embedded reinforcing grid and tubes for handling
DE20304030U1 (de) * 2003-03-12 2003-06-12 Berg Kurt Von Betonplatte mit einer verschiedenfarbigen Sichtseite
SE529972C2 (sv) 2007-04-27 2008-01-22 Haakan Jonsson Refugelement och förfarande för tillverkning därav

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EP2576910A4 (de) 2017-01-25
WO2011152791A1 (en) 2011-12-08
SE536716C2 (sv) 2014-06-17
EP2576910A1 (de) 2013-04-10
DK2576910T3 (da) 2020-11-30
SE1050571A1 (sv) 2011-12-04

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