EP2524881B1 - Waste disposal vehicle with a feed hopper and a control device for blocking a section - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a disposal vehicle with at least one vehicle-supported receptacle for residual materials, valuable materials or the like and with at least one feed device with a pouring chute for receiving goods to be disposed of and with at least one movable control device assigned to the pouring chute for blocking a portion of the pouring chute and for guiding the poured material into another part of the pouring chute.

Such a vehicle is from the US 6,655,894 B2 known. However, there is the problem of enabling the control device and the further conveyance of goods into the receptacle in a sufficiently tight manner to be able to ensure a real separation of types right into the compartments of the receptacle and also to keep contamination in the area of the pouring chute as low as possible so that the cleaning effort that is very is personnel-intensive and therefore cost-intensive, remains as low as possible. In addition, only a linearly displaceable piston for conveying the conveyed in good is disclosed there. This does not guarantee good sorting.

The WO-A-99/33718 (D1) shows a disposal vehicle designed as a side loader with a filling chute to be filled from above and partially blockable via a control element, in which an axis for guiding compacting paddles stands vertically between the filling chute and a receptacle for the goods that adjoins the rear. The axis for pivoting the compaction paddles is thus located in the middle of the conveying area, narrows it and is also subject to high levels of contamination from the conveyed material.

The US 6,776,570 B1 (D2) shows two swivel pistons lying next to one another, but no control device that could block parts of the feed chute.

The invention is based on the problem of achieving an improvement here and of enabling a separation of types in which soiling in the area of the feed chute is as low as possible.

The invention solves this problem by means of a disposal vehicle with the features of claim 1. With regard to advantageous configurations, reference is made to the further claims 2 to 7.

The invention achieves in the embodiment according to claim 1 with the pivotable piston that, despite the control device dividing the hopper, a safe and well clearing forwarding is achieved, which is more thorough than with linearly moved pistons and which the remaining and possibly manually removed Contamination in the feed chute minimized. The fact that the pistons can be moved differently depending on the position of the control device ensures that a collision between the control device and the piston can be prevented in any case automatically and forcibly and without the risk of incorrect operation. Since a piston assigned to an area of the receiving device blocked by the control device has moved into a lower rest position, it is ensured that this piston does not restrict the storage space for the control device and cannot accidentally collide with it. In particular, a corresponding forced control is provided for this purpose. In this case, it is particularly advantageously possible for the piston displaced into the lower rest position to close a transition to the receiving container and thus reliably prevent a backflow from the receiving container into the filling shaft.

The pivotable flap is conveniently pivotable by about 35 to 55 ° from a vertical position about a longitudinal axis of the vehicle, in particular by about 45 °, so that the resulting inclined surface is sufficiently steep to allow the goods on it to run into the unlocked area without further measures . This also reduces the cleaning effort and increases the reliability of the sort separation. This means that different substances can also be filled in that must not mix under any circumstances.

When the axis for the pistons is advantageously located outside the pouring chute and, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, between the area of the pouring chute and the receiving container and the partition closes off a passage area for swivel arms extending from the axis to the piston, the filling chute remains free and unloaded by an axis for the swiveling piston. In this case, the axis can be encompassed by the drive shaft for the piston or pistons, so that this mechanical unit is also completely outside the area exposed to the material to be disposed of.

In order to be able to make good use of the vehicle length and not to allow the vehicle to become too long overall, it is advantageous if the axis has only a small horizontal distance of 20 to 30 centimeters from the outer wall of the pouring chute.

It is also advantageous if the piston or pistons is or are movable about the axis in such a way that they convey or convey into the receiving container with a slight upward component in the final phase of his or her conveying movement. Then the received material can be compressed against a ceiling wall of the receiving container, the receiving volume can thus be used efficiently and without the risk of blockages.

According to the present invention, the receptacle is divided lengthways into two compartments, with two pivot pistons being provided which each feed in a compartment and which can each convey into the receptacle separately by type. This enables journeys in which one vehicle collects two different substance classes and thus makes the operation of a second vehicle superfluous.

If the vehicle is a side loader, the overall length can be kept short. A one-man operation is possible, the pouring opening having a width lengthways to the vehicle that there also four-wheel vessels with 1, 1 cbm or larger, z. B. 2.3 cbm, as well can be emptied like two-wheeled vessels with z. B. 80 or 120 liters content.

This flexibility also makes it possible to use the receiving device for the optional emptying of one or more containers at the same time, for example a four-wheel container or two two-wheel containers.

The receptacle of the vehicle can be held interchangeably on a chassis of the vehicle as a so-called interchangeable container, so that it can be completely removed while the feed device remains on the vehicle. Alternatively, a receptacle can also be provided which remains on the vehicle and can be emptied, for example, via a rear flap.

Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention that are partially illustrated in the drawing and described below.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Entsorgungsfahrzeugs - hier als Seitenlader ausgebildet - mit der Möglichkeit zur Aufnahme von Vier- oder Zweiradbehältern,

Fig. 2

eine Ansicht von oben auf die Zuführungseinrichtung, die hier zwei Schwenkkolben umfaßt, von denen der bezüglich der Fahrtrichtung linke in Ruhestellung in Richtung des Aufnahmebehälters verlagert ist und die schwenkbare Klappe der Steuereinrichtung ebenfalls nach links in eine über dem linken Kolben gelegene Stellung verlagert ist,

Fig. 3

eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Figur 2, jedoch bei gegensinniger Verschwenkung der schwenkbaren Klappe sowie der Kolben,

Fig. 4

eine schematische und teilweise transparent dargestellte Seitenansicht der Zuführungseinrichtung in Kolbenstellung nach Figur 2,

Fig. 5

eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Fig. 4, jedoch in entgegengesetzter Stellung der Schwenkkolben und der schwenkbaren Klappe, entsprechend der Stellung nach Figur 3,

Fig. 6

die Zuführungseinrichtung in Kolben- und Klappenstellung nach den Figur 2 und 4 in schematischer perspektivischer Ansicht von schräg hinten,

Fig. 7

eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Fig. 8, jedoch in entgegengesetzter Stellung der Schwenkkolben und der schwenkbaren Klappe, entsprechend der Stellung nach Figur 3 und 5,

Fig. 8

die Zuführungseinrichtung in Kolben- und Klappenstellung nach den Figur 2, 4 und 6 in perspektivischer Ansicht von schräg vorne,

Fig. 9

eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Fig. 8, jedoch in entgegengesetzter Stellung der Schwenkkolben und der schwenkbaren Klappe, entsprechend der Stellung nach Figur 3, 5 und 7,

Fig. 10

eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Figur 7, jedoch der vollständigen Zuführungseinrichtung, wobei eine Leerung von zwei Zweiradgefäßen in eine bezüglich der Fahrtrichtung linke Abteilung stattfindet,

Fig. 11

eine herausgezeichnete Einzelansicht der beiden Schwenckolben mit ihrer gemeinsamen Antriebswelle, die eine Schwenkachse für die Schwenkkolben umfaßt.

Fig. 12

die gesamte Zuführungseinrichtung in perspektivischer Ansicht von schräg rechts vorne, wiederum mit transparenter Seitenwand dargestellt, mit bezüglich der Fahrtrichtung nach rechts verschwenkter Steuereinrichtung und mit in nicht ganz unterer Stellung befindlichem rechtem Schwenckolben.

In the drawing shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view of a disposal vehicle according to the invention - designed here as a side loader - with the possibility of receiving four or two-wheeled containers,

Fig. 2

a view from above of the feed device, which here comprises two pivot pistons, of which the left with respect to the direction of travel is displaced in the rest position in the direction of the receiving container and the pivotable flap of the control device is also displaced to the left in a position above the left piston,

Fig. 3

a view similar to Figure 2 , but when the pivoting flap and the piston are pivoted in opposite directions,

Fig. 4

a schematic and partially transparent side view of the feed device in the piston position according to FIG Figure 2 ,

Fig. 5

a view similar to Fig. 4 , but in the opposite position of the swivel piston and the swiveling flap, corresponding to the position after Figure 3 ,

Fig. 6

the feed device in piston and flap position according to the Figure 2 and 4th in a schematic perspective view obliquely from behind,

Fig. 7

a view similar to Fig. 8 , but in the opposite position of the swivel piston and the swiveling flap, corresponding to the position after Figure 3 and 5 ,

Fig. 8

the feed device in piston and flap position according to the Figure 2 , 4th and 6th in perspective view obliquely from the front,

Fig. 9

a view similar to Fig. 8 , but in the opposite position of the swivel piston and the swiveling flap, corresponding to the position after Figure 3 , 5 and 7th ,

Fig. 10

a view similar to Figure 7 , but the complete feeding device, whereby two two-wheeled containers are emptied into a department on the left in relation to the direction of travel,

Fig. 11

a drawn out detail view of the two pivot pistons with their common drive shaft, which includes a pivot axis for the pivot piston.

Fig. 12

the entire feed device in a perspective view obliquely front right, again shown with a transparent side wall, with the control device pivoted to the right with respect to the direction of travel and with the right pivoting piston not in the completely lower position.

This in Fig. 1 The waste disposal vehicle 1 shown as an example is designed as a self-propelled vehicle. A towed vehicle as a trailer or semitrailer can also be considered as vehicle 1 according to the invention.

The depicted vehicle 1 includes at least one receptacle 2 for residual materials or recyclables, for example for household waste, industrial waste, residual materials that have passed through a recyclable material sorting system, paper, glasses, slag or other additives or similar materials or bulky goods provided in solid containers or sacks.

Furthermore, the vehicle 1 comprises at least one self-moving feed device 3 for these substances, the feed device 3 being designed for overhead emptying of, in particular, garbage bins 4 and forwarding the picked up goods in the direction of the vehicle-supported receptacle 2.

If the receptacle 2 forms a swap body, it can be removed from the vehicle chassis, for example it can be lifted upwards, to the side or in a combination movement. For this purpose, for example, a crane or a forklift truck approaching from the side can be used, which grips under the swap body 2. Alternatively, the receptacle 2 can also remain on the vehicle chassis and, for example, be emptied by pivoting it up on one side.

According to the only schematic drawing, the vehicle 1 is designed as a so-called side loader, so that the one feed device 3 here is arranged in the direction of travel F in front of the receiving container 2, which is not mandatory. A front loader is also possible with a similar arrangement of receptacle 2 and feed device 3 and could then be loaded with substances from overhead containers when they are emptied from a device reaching over the driver's cab.

The side loader shown here comprises at least one upwardly movable support arm 5 with one or more receiving device (s) 6 for either two-wheeled and / or four-wheeled containers 4. According to the illustration in FIG Figure 1 the receiving device 6 is designed as a comb strip. Diamond recordings or the like are also possible. The receiving device (s) 6 can or can each engage under at least one collar of a refuse container 4 to be received - or several containers 4 next to one another. By lifting the support arm 5, the garbage containers 4 can then be emptied overhead into the feed device 3 ( Fig. 10 ).

For this purpose, the feed device 3 is provided at its upper end, which can protrude above the receiving container 2 in height, with a pouring opening 7 for receiving material to be disposed of. This pouring opening 7 can overall form a large, for example rectangular opening or be divided into several partial openings. It forms the upper beginning of a pouring shaft 12, which continues downward, for receiving material to be disposed of.

In order to be able to pass on the poured-in material and to be able to convey it into the receptacle 2, at least two pistons 9, 10 are provided which can each be pivoted about an axis 11 or - as shown here - a common axis 11. According to the present invention, exactly two pistons 9, 10 running next to one another are provided for the separation of waste, which is explained in more detail below.

In addition, the pouring chute 12 is assigned in the lower area a vertical partition 18 standing longitudinally to the vehicle 1, on which at least one movable control device, designated as a whole as 19, is attached to the top to block a portion of the pouring chute 12 and to guide the poured material into one other part of the pouring shaft 12 connects.

The pivot pistons 9, 10 are pivotable about an axis 11 and can thereby clear a circular segment-shaped drainage path 9a, 10a with their front, spacer-like ends 9b, 10b. The oscillating pistons 9, 10 are held on arms 9c, 10c on a drive shaft 13 that encompasses the axis 11. The mobility of the pistons 9, 10 is different depending on the position of the control device 19. This means that, on the one hand, the control device 19 cannot be moved so far that it collides with a stationary pivot piston 9 or 10. On the other hand, a swivel piston 9 or 10 cannot be moved in such a way that it - especially with its arms 9c, 10c - with a left ( Fig. 2 ) or right ( Fig. 3 ) standing control device 19 collides. This dependency can be ensured by a suitably programmed electronic control. In addition, interrogation sensors, microswitches or the like are possible in order to be able to determine the instantaneous position of control device 19 and / or swivel piston 9, 10.

As in the Figures 2 , 4th , 6th , 8th for a locked position pivoted to the left of the control device 19 and in the Figures 3 , 5 , 7th , 9 for a locked position of the control device 19 pivoted to the right, the pivoting piston 9 or 10 assigned to the respective locked area of the receiving device 3 can be moved into a lower rest position as long as the control device 19 is correspondingly displaced.

It can be that the piston (9 after Fig. 2 or 10 after Fig. 3 ) close a transition and a loading opening 16 or 17 located there to the receptacle 2 so that no material can penetrate or flow back there.

According to the embodiment according to claim 5, a control device 19 is formed which comprises a pivotable flap 20, at one end of which a further partition 22, at least almost perpendicular to the plane of the flap 20 designed in the manner of a large plate body, adjoins. This protrudes here at right angles from the plate body 20, which ensures that in each case a region of the pouring shaft 12, in particular also a penetration region 14 for the arms 9c and 10c that is open to the rear below a solid bulkhead 15, is completely closed and no contamination with foreign material occurs there. The flap 20 can be pivoted about an axis 21 standing longitudinally to the vehicle 1, for example with the aid of a front hydraulic cylinder 23. The partition 22 extends transversely to the vehicle 1.

The further partition 22, like the pivotable flap 20, is in particular formed from steel and is movably and firmly connected to the pivotable flap 20, in particular welded to it.

The arrangement of the partition 22 is in particular such that the partition 22 takes up an essentially square area and the pivotable flap 20 forms a bisector for the partition 22. So are for both end positions of the flap 20 (left to Fig. 4 , right to Fig. 5 ) similar sealing conditions created.

In each end position, the pivotable flap 20 is pivoted about a vehicle longitudinal axis 21 by approximately 35 ° to a maximum of 55 ° from a vertical position. As a result, the lateral area into which the flap 20 is pivoted is blocked for the supply of material. On the other hand, the flap 20 is sufficiently steep that the goods landing on it run off to the other side without further measures. An inclination of the flap 20 of approximately 45 ° relative to the vertical is optimal.

The pivot axis 11 of the pivot piston 9, 10 lies outside the pouring opening 7 and also outside the filling chute 12 below, so that when emptying garbage bins 4 no material passes through the pouring opening 7 onto the axis 11 and a body encompassing this, for example a drive shaft 13, can fall. In the upper area, the pouring chute 12 with the filling opening 7 is completely separated from the axis 11 by the bulkhead 15 already mentioned above and possibly folded over several times. The passage openings 14 for the pivot arms 9c, 10c, which are divided by the partition, are located below the bulkhead 15. These openings 14 can each be covered by the partition 22.

For example, one piston 9 can convey organic waste, while the other piston 10 feeds into a department for waste paper or waste glass, household waste or other items. Complete separation remains at all times via the corresponding position of the control device 19 is maintained, so that it is reliably only conveyed through one feed opening 16, 17 during an emptying process.

The switching of the control device 19 can be carried out again before each emptying process or it can be set automatically, for example by means of a transponder or similar data transmitter in a garbage container 4.

As in Figure 1 is visible, the axis 11 can be located with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle between the area of the pouring opening 7 and the receptacle 2, in particular relatively high up, so that under the axis 11 a large area of movement for the pistons 9, 10 and the material conveyance in the direction of the receptacle 2 remains.

The axis from the outer wall of the pouring channel 12, in particular the bulkhead 15, has a horizontal distance 8 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle of, for example, 20 to 30 centimeters, so that the distance between the feed device 3 and the receptacle 2 is not significantly increased compared to a solution in which the axis lies within the pouring opening. The overall length of the vehicle 1 can also remain small as a result, with the slight increase in length also being able to be compensated for by a higher compression in the receiving container 2. This can be achieved in that the piston (s) 9, 10 is or are movable about the axis 11 in such a way that these piston (s) 9, 10 convey or feed into the receptacle 2 with a slight upward component in the final phase of their conveying movement feed in. This end position of the respective piston 9, 10 is for example in Figure 3 for the piston 10 on the left with respect to the direction of travel F and in Figure 4 for the right piston 9 can be seen.

As in Figure 10 can be seen, several - here two - two-wheeled containers 4 can be emptied simultaneously via the receiving device 6 become. Alternatively, it would also be possible to empty a four-wheel vessel held on the receiving device 6 - not shown.

According to both the present invention and the drawing, the receiving container 2 is divided into two compartments with a vertical partition wall extending along its course. In order to be able to feed into this independently of one another, two feed openings 16, 17 separated from one another by the vertical wall 18 are provided next to one another in the feed device 3. In addition, the above-mentioned two separately controllable pistons 9, 10 are provided next to one another, which can feed into a compartment of the receptacle 2 through a feed opening 16 (piston 9) or 17 (piston 10). The feed openings 16, 17 are at the lowest point of the piston movement. The drive shaft 13 is divided in the middle and stored there again separately.

The receptacle 2 of the vehicle 1 can be held interchangeably on a chassis of the vehicle 1 as a so-called interchangeable container, the feed device 3 remaining on the vehicle 1 when the receptacle 2 is replaced. A non-removable receptacle 2 with, for example, a tailgate can also be provided.

List of reference symbols:

1

Disposal vehicle,

2

Receiving container,

3

Feeding device,

4th

Garbage cans,

5

Beam,

6th

Reception facility,

7th

Pouring opening,

8th

Distance,

9

Rotary piston,

9a

Run-off path of the swivel piston 9,

9b

front end of the swivel piston 9,

9c

Swing piston 9 arm,

10

Rotary piston,

10a

Run-off path of piston 10,

10b

front end of the swivel piston 10,

10c

Swing piston 10 arm,

11

Axis,

12

Chute,

13

Drive shaft,

14th

Access areas,

15th

Bulkhead,

16

Loading opening, 0

17th

Loading opening,

18th

fixed vertical wall,

19th

Control device,

20th

pivoting flap,

21st

Pivot axis of the control device,

22nd

Isolation,

23

Hydraulic cylinder,

F.

Direction of travel

Claims (7)

1. Waste disposal vehicle (1) with at least one vehicle-mounted receiving container (2) for residual materials, recyclable materials, or similar, and with at least one feeding device (3) with an in-feed shaft (12) for the reception of material to be disposed of, and with at least one movable control device (19), assigned to the in-feed shaft (12), for purposes of blocking part of the in-feed shaft (12), and for purposes of guiding the in-fed material into another part of the in-feed shaft (12), wherein the receiving container (2) is divided into two compartments by a vertical partition wall extending along its length, and two pistons (9; 10), which can pivot about an axis (11), and are provided for the forwarding of the received material in the direction of the receiving container (2), wherein two loading openings (16; 17), separated from one another by a vertical wall, (18) are provided next to one another in the feeding device (3), and the pistons (9; 10) can feed, in each case through one loading opening (16 or 17), into one compartment of the receiving container (2), and wherein the ability of the pivoting pistons (9; 10) to move differs as a function of the position of the control device (19), such that a piston (9; 10) associated with a region blocked by the control device (19) is traversed into a lower idle position.
2. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the piston (9; 10) transferred into the lower idle position closes a passage (16; 17) to the receiving container (2).
3. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 2,
   characterised in that
   the receiving container (2) is longitudinally divided into two compartments, and two pivoting pistons (9; 10) are provided, which in each case feed into one compartment.
4. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that
   the piston or pistons (9; 10) can be moved about the axis (11) such that in the final phase of the feeding movement it or they feeds or feed, with a slight upwards component, into the receiving container (2).
5. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that
   the latter is a side-loader.
6. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5,
   characterised in that
   the latter at the same time comprises a receiving device (6) for the selective emptying of one or a plurality of containers (4).
7. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that
   the receiving container (2) of the vehicle (1) is exchangeably held on a chassis of the vehicle (1) as a so-called exchangeable container, and the feeding device (3) remains on the vehicle (1) while the receiving container (2) is exchanged.

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