EP2524880B1 - Waste disposal vehicle with at least one rotating piston for loading goods into a storage container - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a disposal vehicle designed as a side loader according to the preamble of claim 1, with at least one vehicle-supported receptacle for residues, valuable materials or the like and with at least one feed device with a one-part or multi-part pouring opening for receiving material to be disposed of and with at least one around one Axis pivotable piston for forwarding the picked up goods in the direction of the receptacle.

When collecting household waste, industrial waste, residual materials that have passed through a recyclable material sorting system, paper, slag or other additives or similar materials provided in solid containers or sacks with the help of disposal vehicles, there is an increasing demand for more efficient disposal, with the option of removing the collected Substances with if possible to be able to collect and transport with minimal personnel and time input.

For example, different types and sizes of garbage cans should be able to be emptied from the same disposal vehicle. For this purpose, it is known to be able to fill a vehicle-supported receptacle for residual materials, valuable materials or the like via a vehicle-side feed device. This includes an upper pouring opening for overhead emptying of one or more containers. The vehicle is designed, for example, as a side or front loader, with the pouring opening also being able to be divided so that different materials can be picked up and passed on to a likewise divided receptacle.

It is also known to provide one or more pistons which can be pivoted about an axis located transversely to the vehicle and with which the material poured in from above can be passed into the receptacle in the feed device. In order to keep the total vehicle length as short as possible, the drive shaft of this piston is conventionally located in the filling shaft below the pouring opening. As a result, however, some of the goods remain on the shaft, which is particularly problematic when the goods are to be separated into different fractions despite the common filling opening. With such a solution, labor-intensive cleaning of the shaft in the filling shaft must be carried out by hand.

The WO-A-99/33718 shows a side loader with a filling shaft to be filled from above, in which an axis for guiding compacting paddles stands vertically between the filling shaft and a receptacle for the goods that is attached to the rear. This means that the axis is in the middle of the conveying area, narrows it and is also subject to high levels of soiling from the conveyed goods.

The US 2003/202870 A1 discloses a disposal vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 and only shows the possibility of keeping a fixed receptacle on the vehicle, which can be emptied by an ejector piston that can be moved horizontally to the rear. However, this means that such a piston is absolutely necessary below the pivot piston, which piston takes up a considerable amount of space and means additional mass. The swivel piston can therefore only be made very small, since its downward movement space is considerably limited. The capacity for waste bins is therefore considerably restricted.

The US-A-2005/158 160 only shows the possibility of initially allowing the "piston" to pivot freely. However, this means that material collects below the "piston", which is actually just a pivoting flap and which can therefore only exert a minimal further conveying force. Rather, a linearly movable piston is required below the plane of movement of the flap, which carries out the actual further conveyance. The plane of movement of the flap can therefore not be limited directly downwards, but must allow the passage of material downwards to the linear piston. This leads to the same problems as in the US 2003/202870 A1 . The invention is based on the problem of achieving an improvement here.

The invention solves this problem by means of a disposal vehicle having the features of claim 1. Reference is made to further claims 2 to 9 with regard to advantageous configurations.

By the disposal vehicle according to the invention in the embodiment according to claim 1, the actual pouring opening as well as a channel-like contour continuing this vertically downward is free and unloaded by an axis for the or the swiveling piston. In this case, the axis can be encompassed by the drive shaft for the piston or pistons, so that this mechanical unit is also completely outside the area exposed to the material to be disposed of. The receptacle of the vehicle can be held interchangeably on a chassis of the vehicle as a so-called interchangeable container, so that it can be completely removed while the feed device remains on the vehicle. Alternatively, a receptacle can also be provided which remains on the vehicle and can, for example, be swung open to the rear and emptied via a rear flap.

In particular, the axis lies as a transverse axis with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle between the area of the pouring opening and the receptacle, whereby a shaft in which the piston or pistons can be moved and which serves to convey the goods received can extend curved below the axis.

In order to be able to make good use of the vehicle length and not to let the vehicle become too long overall, it is advantageous if the axis has only a small horizontal distance of 20 to 30 centimeters from the outer wall of the channel-like contour.

It is also advantageous if the piston or pistons is or are movable about the axis in such a way that they convey or convey into the receiving container with a slight upward component in the final phase of his or her conveying movement. Then the received material can be compressed against a ceiling wall of the receiving container, the receiving volume can thus be used efficiently and without the risk of blockages.

The vehicle is a side loader and the overall length can be kept short. One-man operation is possible, with the pouring opening one width lengthways to the vehicle has that there also Vieirradgefäßc with 1.1 cbm or larger, z. B. 2.3 cbm, can be emptied as well as two-wheeled vessels with z. B. 80 or 120 liters content.

This flexibility also makes it possible to use the receiving device for the optional emptying of one or more containers at the same time, for example a four-wheel container or two two-wheel containers.

A variant that is very effective for many applications provides that the receptacle is divided lengthways into two compartments and two separately controllable pivot pistons are provided, each conveying one compartment. This enables journeys in which one vehicle collects two different substance classes and thus makes the operation of a second vehicle superfluous.

A movable control device can very advantageously be assigned to the pouring opening which, depending on the setting, releases a free pouring path into the conveying area of one or the other piston. Because the axis and shaft for the pistons are outside of the pouring path, the invention maintains the sorting separation without the need for manual subsequent cleaning of the filling opening and the filling chute.

A mechanically and technically simple solution provides that the control device comprises a plate body pivotable about a vehicle longitudinal axis.

Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention that are partially illustrated in the drawing and described below.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Entsorgungsfahrzeugs - hier als Seitenlader ausgebildet - mit der Möglichkeit zur Aufnahme von Vier- oder Zweiradbehältern,

Fig. 2

eine Ansicht von oben auf die Zuführungseinrichtung, die hier zwei Schwenkkolben umfaßt, von denen der bezüglich der Fahrtrichtung linke in Richtung des Aufnahmebehälters verlagert ist,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Seitenansicht der Zufübrungseinrichtung in Kolbenstellung nach Figur 2,

Fig. 4

eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Fig. 3, jedoch in entgegengesetzter Stellung der Schwenkkolben, so daß der bezüglich der Fahrtrichtung rechte Kolben in Richtung des Aufnahmebehälters nach hinten verlagert ist,

Fig. 5

die Zuführungseinrichtung in Kolbenstellung nach Figur 4 in schematischer perspektivischer Ansicht von schräg oben,

Fig. 6

die Zuführungseinrichtung in Kolbenstellung nach Figur 4 in perspektivischer Ansicht von hinten, etwa aus Sicht des Aufnahmebehälters gesehen, wobei eine Leerung von zwei Zweiradgefäßen in eine bezüglich der Fahrtrichtung linke Abteilung stattfindet.

In the drawing shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view of a disposal vehicle according to the invention - designed here as a side loader - with the possibility of receiving four or two-wheeled containers,

Fig. 2

a view from above of the feed device, which here comprises two pivot pistons, of which the left with respect to the direction of travel is displaced in the direction of the receptacle,

Fig. 3

a schematic side view of the feed device in piston position according to FIG Figure 2 ,

Fig. 4

a view similar to Fig. 3 , but in the opposite position of the swivel pistons, so that the piston on the right with respect to the direction of travel is shifted to the rear in the direction of the receiving container,

Fig. 5

the feed device in the piston position Figure 4 in a schematic perspective view obliquely from above,

Fig. 6

the feed device in the piston position Figure 4 in a perspective view from behind, seen approximately from the perspective of the receptacle, two two-wheeled containers being emptied into a department on the left with respect to the direction of travel.

This in Fig. 1 The waste disposal vehicle shown as an example is designed as a self-propelled vehicle. A towed vehicle as a trailer or semitrailer can also be considered as vehicle 1 according to the invention.

The depicted vehicle 1 includes at least one receptacle 2 for residual materials or recyclables, for example for household waste, industrial waste, residual materials that have passed through a recycling facility, paper, glasses, slag or other additives or similar materials or bulky goods provided in solid containers or sacks.

Furthermore, the vehicle 1 comprises at least one self-moving feed device 3 for these substances, the feed device 3 being designed for overhead emptying of, in particular, garbage bins 4 and forwarding the picked up goods in the direction of the vehicle-supported receptacle 2.

If the receptacle 2 forms a swap body, it can be removed from the vehicle chassis, for example it can be lifted out upwards, to the side or in a combination movement. For this purpose, for example, a crane or a forklift truck approaching from the side can be used, which grips under the swap body 2. Alternatively, the receptacle 2 can also remain on the vehicle chassis and be emptied, for example, by pivoting it up on one side.

According to the only schematic drawing, the vehicle 1 is designed as a so-called side loader, so that the one feed device 3 here is arranged in the direction of travel F in front of the receiving container 2, which is not mandatory. A front loader is also possible in a similar arrangement of receptacle 2 and feed device 3 and could then be filled by a device reaching over the driver's cab with containers turned upside down when emptied.

The side loader shown here comprises at least one upwardly movable support arm 5 with one or more receiving device (s) 6 for optionally two-wheeled and / or four-wheeled containers 4. According to the illustration to Figure 1 the receiving device 6 is designed as a comb strip. Diamond recordings or the like are also possible. The receiving device (s) 6 can or can each engage under at least one collar of a refuse container 4 to be received - or several containers 4 next to one another. By lifting the support arm 5, the garbage containers 4 can then be emptied overhead into the feed device 3 ( Fig. 6 ).

For this purpose, the feed device 3 is provided at its upper end, which can protrude above the receiving container 2 in height, with a one-part or multi-part pouring opening 7 for receiving material to be disposed of. This pouring opening 7 can overall form a large, for example rectangular opening or be divided into several partial openings.

In order to be able to pass on the poured material and to be able to convey it into the receptacle 2, at least one piston 9, 10 pivotable about an axis 11 is provided. According to the illustrated embodiment, two pistons 9, 10 are provided for separating waste, which will be explained in more detail below, which is basically not mandatory.

Both pistons 9, 10 are movable about an axis 11 that is common here. This is outside the pouring opening 7 and also outside a channel-like contour 12 continuing vertically downwards so that when emptying garbage containers 4 no material can fall through the pouring opening 7 onto the axis 11 and a body encompassing this, for example a drive shaft 13 . Rather, the pouring chute 14 with the filling opening 7 and the underlying contour is completely separated from the axis 11 by a bulkhead 15, which may be folded over several times.

As in Figure 1 is visible, the axis 11 can be located with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle between the area of the pouring opening 7 and the receptacle 2, in particular relatively high up, so that under the axis 11 a large area of movement for the pistons 9, 10 and the material conveyance in the direction of the receptacle 2 remains.

The axis from the outer wall of the channel-like contour 12, in particular the bulkhead 15, has a horizontal distance 8 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle of, for example, 20 to 30 centimeters, so that the distance between the feed device 3 and the receptacle 2 is not significantly increased compared to a solution in which the Axis lies within the pouring opening. The overall length of the vehicle 1 can also remain small as a result, with the slight increase in length also being able to be compensated for by a higher compression in the receiving container 2. This can be achieved in that the piston (s) 9, 10 is or are movable about the axis 11 in such a way that these piston (s) 9, 10 convey or feed into the receptacle 2 with a slight upward component in the final phase of their conveying movement feed in. This end position of the respective piston 9, 10 is for example in Figure 3 for the piston 10 on the left with respect to the direction of travel F and in Figure 4 for the right piston 9 can be seen.

As in Figure 6 As can be seen, several - here two - two-wheeled containers 4 can be emptied simultaneously via the receiving device 6. Alternatively, it would also be possible to empty a four-wheel vessel held on the receiving device 6 - not shown.

In the particular version drawn here, the receptacle 2 is divided into two compartments with a vertical partition wall extending along its course. In order to be able to convey these into them independently of one another, are in the feed device 3, two loading openings 16, 17 separated from one another by a vertical wall 18 are provided next to one another. In addition, the above-mentioned two separately controllable pistons 9, 10 are provided next to each other, which can feed into a compartment of the receptacle 2 through a feed opening 16 (piston 9) or 17 (piston 10). The feed openings 16, 17 are at the lowest point of the piston movement. The drive shaft 13 is divided in the middle and stored there again separately.

In order to ensure that all the goods filled in during an emptying process come precisely into the area of action of only one of the two pistons 9, 10 and are conveyed further through only one 16, 17 of the two charging openings, the pouring opening 7 is assigned a movable control device 19, each of which after setting a free pouring path into the conveying area of one or the other piston 9, 10 releases. These each run on a circular segment-shaped path 20, so that no material collects under the piston 9, 10.

This control device 19 comprises a plate body made of steel which can be pivoted about a vehicle longitudinal axis 21 and which is shown in FIG Figure 5 is shown in a pivoted to the right position, in which all the poured material reaches the left channel in front of the piston 10. The control device 19 additionally comprises a partition 22 protruding at right angles from the plate body, with which it is ensured that the respective other channel is also completely closed and that no contamination with foreign material occurs there.

For example, one piston 9 can convey organic waste, while the other piston 10 feeds into a department for waste paper or waste glass, household waste or other items. Complete separation remains at all times via the corresponding position of the control device 19 is maintained, so that it is reliably only conveyed through one feed opening 16, 17 during an emptying process.

The control device 19 can be switched over again before each emptying process.

List of reference symbols:

1

Disposal vehicle,

2

Receiving container,

3

Feeding device,

4th

Garbage cans,

5

Beam,

6th

Reception facility,

7th

Pouring opening,

8th

Distance,

9

Rotary piston,

10

Rotary piston,

11

Axis,

12

channel-like contour,

13

Drive shaft,

14th

Chute,

15th

Bulkhead,

16

Loading opening,

17th

Loading opening,

18th

Vertical wall,

19th

Control device,

20th

Runway,

21st

Pivot axis of the control device,

22nd

Isolation,

F.

Direction of travel

Claims (9)

1. Waste disposal vehicle (1) designed as a side-loader, with at least one vehicle-mounted receiving container (2) for residual materials, recyclable materials, or similar, and with at least one feeding device (3) to be filled from above, with a one-part or multi-part in-feed opening, for the reception of material to be disposed of, and with at least one piston (9; 10), which can pivot about an axis (11), for the forwarding of the received material in the direction of the receiving container (2), wherein the axis (11) for the piston or pistons (9; 10) is held horizontally, and outside the in-feed opening (7),
   characterised in that the axis (11) is held outside a channel-like contour (12) that continues the in-feed opening (7) vertically downwards, wherein the piston or pistons (9; 10) in each case run on a circular segment-shaped track (20), such that no material collects under the pistons (9, 10), and wherein the receiving container (2) either forms an exchangeable container, which can be removed from the vehicle chassis, or which can remain on the vehicle chassis and be emptied, for example by pivoting it high up on one side,
   or in that the axle (11) is held outside a channel-like contour (12) that continues the in-feed opening (7) vertically downwards, and in that the disposal vehicle (1) comprises a receiving device (6) for the selective emptying of one or a plurality of containers (4) at the same time, with which four-wheeled refuse containers can be raised and emptied, wherein the piston or pistons (9; 10) in each case run on a circular segment-shaped track (20), such that no material collects under the pistons (9, 10).
2. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the axis (11) is located between the region of the in-feed opening (7) and the receiving container (2), with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
3. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the axis (11) has a horizontal distance (8) of 20 to 30 centimetres from the outer wall (15) of the channel-like contour (12).
4. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that
   the piston or pistons (9; 10) can be moved about the axis (11) such that in the final phase of the in-feeding movement it feeds or they feed, with a slight upwards component, into the receiving container (2).
5. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that
   the axis (11) is surrounded by a drive shaft (13) for the piston or pistons (9; 10).
6. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5,
   characterised in that
   the receiving container (2) is divided longitudinally into two compartments, and two separately controllable pivoting pistons (9; 10) are provided, in each case feeding into one compartment.
7. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to Claim 6,
   characterised in that
   the in-feed opening (7) is assigned a movable control device (19), which, depending on the setting, enables a free in-feed path into the conveying region of one or the other piston (9; 10) .
8. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to Claim 7,
   characterised in that
   the control device (19) comprises a panel body, which can be pivoted about a longitudinal axis (21) of the vehicle.
9. Waste disposal vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8,
   characterised in that
   the receiving container (2) of the vehicle (1) is exchangeably held on a chassis of the vehicle (1) as a so-called exchangeable container, and the feeding device (3) remains on the vehicle (1) while the receiving container (2) is exchanged.

Images