EP0405345B1 - Refuse collection vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The refuse collection vehicle has a collection container (2A) with an upper fill opening (14) and compacting means (7). An intermediate container (12A) adjacent the driver's cab has a fill opening (13A) and a discharge opening (14) communicating with the main container. Inside the intermediate container (12A) means (17) are provided for emptying its contents.

Description

The invention relates to a refuse collection vehicle which has a collection container which is preferably detachably arranged behind an operating station, in particular behind the driver's cab of a motor vehicle, which has a filling arranged in the upper region and at least one wall part which can be opened for emptying, preferably the end wall facing away from the filling opening, and which has Means for compaction of the waste filled in the collecting container is provided.

In the refuse collection vehicle of the aforementioned type known from US Pat. No. 3,202,305, the refuse collection vessels to be emptied into the collection container are each picked up from the floor in front of the cab via a pair of swivel arms connected to the collection container and pivoted high above the cab and thereby pivoted into the rear the filling opening of the collecting container lying in the cab is emptied by tipping over. A major disadvantage of these vehicles known as so-called overhead loaders is that when the waste collection container is pivoted for emptying into the overhead filling opening of the collecting container, the normal clearance profile of such vehicles is considerably exceeded.

A waste collection vehicle is also known from DE-OS 25 45 051, in which a hopper is arranged on the chassis between the driver's cab and the collection container detachably connected to the vehicle. The waste collection containers are emptied into this hopper via a pair of swivel arms in the manner of an overhead loader by tipping over. The waste is then transferred from this hopper through a scoop device into the top filling opening of the collecting container. A compaction of the waste in the collection container is not possible, so that an optimal loading cannot be achieved. Apart from the disadvantages of an overhead loader already described above, this vehicle has the further disadvantage that the arrangement of the hopper between the collecting container and the driver's cab greatly reduces the volume available for the collecting container.

A waste collection vehicle is known from US Pat. No. 3,643,824, in which a hopper is arranged between the driver's cab and the collection container which is fixedly but tiltably connected to the chassis and which is loaded from the ground with small waste collection containers by hand or by means of a corresponding pouring device can. The waste lying in the hopper is then pushed into the collecting container via a slide through an opening arranged in the bottom area in the end wall of the collecting container and largely compressed in the process. Larger waste collection containers cannot be emptied.

From US Pat. No. 3,762,586 a refuse collection vehicle in the manner of an overhead loader is also known, as described above, in which the pair of swivel arms is firmly connected to an intermediate container. The waste to be disposed of is first emptied from small waste collection containers into the intermediate container, which after full filling is pivoted over the cab and emptied into the collection container located behind the cab by tipping.

A waste collection vehicle is also known from GB-PS 837 021, which has a collection container behind the driver's cab, which is provided with a filling located on the top. A lifting device is arranged at the rear of the collecting container, with which the container can be raised to the upper edge of the collecting container and can be moved horizontally thereon. The containers filled with waste have a bottom flap so that the contents of the container can fall into the collecting container after the bottom flap has been opened.

The invention is based on the object, starting from the two last-mentioned, known vehicles that already have an intermediate container connected to a lifting device, to create a refuse collection vehicle which takes advantage of the advantages known from the overhead loader, namely that the garbage collectors in front of the driver's cab are in line of sight the driver can work, the disadvantages of the above Avoids systems and, in particular, enables them to be used when emptying low-volume waste collection containers, in particular household waste collection containers.

This object is achieved according to the invention with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. The arrangement of such an intermediate container in the front area of the driver's cab has the advantage that the space behind the driver's cab is practically its entire length available for receiving the collecting container, so that the largest possible collecting containers can be used. The term front area in the sense of the invention covers both the space in front of the cab and the space above the cab. Another advantage of the vehicle according to the invention over conventional refuse collection vehicles is better weight distribution, since the components required for handling the refuse collection containers, including the intermediate container, are taken up by their weight from the vehicle front axle, so that the rear axle area is fully accommodated by the filled ones Collection container defined load is available. This results in a better load distribution. Another advantage of the refuse collection vehicle designed according to the invention is that the emptying of the intermediate container by a opening at the top in the collecting container takes place, so that an optimal filling of the collecting container is possible in connection with a compression device. Filling from above is particularly important for the compression process, since from the filling opening of the collecting container towards the end of the container, the quantities of waste that are fed in via the intermediate container are pushed together on the opposite end wall and are compressed to below the container ceiling. The compression device is preferably designed such that it essentially covers the entire cross-section of the container. Since there must always be enough maneuvering space for the vehicle in the direction of travel, it is also ensured that there is sufficient space for handling the waste collection containers and that visual contact can easily be established between the driver and the operating team. The garbage collectors can give a signal to continue driving on the vehicle in front of the next pick-up point, for example if they have climbed onto the vehicle. The concept of the refuse collection vehicle according to the invention can be constructed particularly advantageously on the basis of a series chassis. The waste collection vehicle can also be designed as a special vehicle in a so-called low-floor version with only little ground clearance. This makes it possible to provide a low-lying driver's cab and / or a low-lying chassis, so that a relatively large height is available for the intermediate container and also for the collecting container without the maximum permissible clearance profile for such vehicles being exceeded, and thus a large capacity is available. Since the intermediate container is connected to at least one device for handling the waste collection containers to be emptied therein, depending on the design and / or arrangement of the intermediate container on the vehicle, here Conventional pouring devices are used, such as those used to handle household receptacles with a volume between 50 and 240 l and / or to handle large receptacles with a capacity of 1 to 2m³. While it is fundamentally possible to design the intermediate container as an open container, it is expedient to design the intermediate container in a closed construction with a closable filling opening that can be opened, for example, via the pouring device. If only one intermediate container is arranged, this can also be connected to two or more pouring devices, so that several waste collection containers can be emptied at the same time.

In an embodiment of the invention it is provided that the intermediate container is divided into at least two sub-containers and that each sub-container is assigned an emptying opening. In the case of a collecting container subdivided in accordance with the invention, this already allows a sorting discharge into the intermediate container, for example via special collecting vessels. Each sub-container can be connected to its own pouring device for the waste collection containers. It is also possible to provide two separate partial containers as intermediate containers, which is particularly advantageous in embodiments with a moving device for the intermediate container. Each subcontainer is then assigned its own traversing device so that each subcontainer can be moved independently of the other.

In an expedient embodiment it is provided that at least a part of the partial containers is detachably connected to one another when the collecting container is divided. This has the advantage that, for example, household waste, which form the main part, is thrown into a larger basic container, which can also form the supporting body for the detachable partial containers. Hazardous waste can then be sorted into the sub-bins be dropped. For example, a large hospital or a remote health clinic can be served with just one disposal trip. The partial containers with the special waste can then be disposed of separately from normal waste without any reloading. Glass or paper can also be sorted away with the household waste in this way if it is provided in a pre-sorted manner. In the arrangement of an intermediate container, the individual partial containers of the collecting container can then be approached in a targeted manner via a corresponding control on a moving device according to the invention for emptying.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is further provided that the emptying opening of the intermediate container and / or the filling opening of the collecting container is provided with an extension which projects into the other opening at least when the intermediate container is emptied. This offers the advantage in particular for refuse collection vehicles in which the intermediate container and the collection container can be separated from one another according to the invention that there is a perfect seal between the two openings which are assigned to one another and that no quantities of waste can escape to the outside. Such an extension, which enters the other opening, also offers the possibility of sealing the transition area.

The refuse collection vehicle according to the invention is designed in one embodiment such that the intermediate container is arranged above the driver's cab and that the device for handling the refuse collection vessel is designed as a pouring device and has a receptacle for the collection vessels to be emptied that extends into the floor area in front of the cab. This arrangement has the advantage that an intermediate container with a relatively large capacity can be used. Two or more such pouring devices can also be provided, so that several waste collection vessels can be handled independently and simultaneously. If the intermediate container is accessible from its front side, the dumping of the waste collection containers caused by the filling can be carried out in such a way that the clearance profile is not exceeded. The driver's view is not impaired during operation. The arrangement of the intermediate container above the driver's cab also allows a driver's cab with a second bench to be provided for the operating team, so that after handling the waste collection bins for longer intermediate journeys, for example in scattered settlements, they can come in from the front, i.e. in the driver's field of vision.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the intermediate container above the driver's cab can be moved back and forth from a front position by means of a guide into an emptying position on the collecting container. This configuration is particularly advantageous if the collecting container and / or the intermediate container are divided into several subspaces. The intermediate container can then selectively move to the assigned filling opening of the collecting container. The guide can be designed in such a way that one section is arranged above the cab and firmly connected to the chassis and the other section is firmly connected to the collecting container. This advantage also exists if the intermediate container is divided into at least two sub-containers that can be moved independently of one another.

In another preferred embodiment of the refuse collection vehicle according to the invention, the vehicle is connected to a moving device for the intermediate container, which moves it from its filling position in the floor area in front of the driver's cab over the driver's cab to its emptying position on the collector, the displacement device for the intermediate container being formed by a lifting device arranged in the front area of the driver's cab for a substantially vertical lifting movement and a drive device for a substantially horizontal movement, preferably a longitudinal movement, above the driver's cab. This embodiment has the advantage, among other things, that the dimensions of the intermediate container can extend almost over the entire width of the vehicle and approximately over the length of the cab, so that an intermediate container with a large capacity can be designed here. In the filling position, this intermediate container can then be filled by hand with waste bags and small waste containers. However, the usual waste collection containers can also be emptied via a corresponding pouring device assigned to the intermediate container. The particular advantage here is that only a small amount of lifting work has to be carried out for the waste collecting containers to be emptied and, accordingly, their emptying takes place more quickly. Since the intermediate container can be brought up to close to the ground by means of the moving device, the shortening of the stroke distance associated therewith also simplifies the design of the pouring device. As soon as the intermediate container is completely filled, it is used the traversing device raised and at the level of the cab roof to the emptying opening of the collection container behind the cab and emptied there with the aid of its emptying means. If the intermediate container is still in its emptying position, the refuse collection vehicle can already drive to the next pick-up location, where the intermediate container is then moved back into its pick-up position close to the ground via the moving device. With the arrangement of intermediate containers that can be moved independently of one another, a movement device is assigned to each. This embodiment has the further advantage that the movement of the intermediate container is composed only of an essentially vertical lifting component and a movement component running in an essentially horizontal plane, so that, in contrast to the large swivel arms of the known overhead loader, at no time during the movement of the intermediate container the prescribed clearance profile is exceeded. This makes it possible to perform all functions without any obstructions, even in gates, under tram overhead lines or under trees. The lifting device can be formed, for example, by a carriage that can be moved up and down essentially vertically in front of the driver's cab with the aid of a lifting drive, or by means of correspondingly arranged pivot levers that raise the intermediate container only up to the level of the horizontal movement plane. In this case, it can also be expedient to provide a slide guide for the basic movement of the lifting device and, in view of the greatest possible ground clearance, the final movement when lowering the Execute intermediate container in the floor area via swivel lever. The movement in the horizontal plane can be carried out by a swiveling movement, by means of which the intermediate container is swiveled about its vertical position directly into its emptying position, possibly shifted after swiveling, or by a horizontal sliding movement on one following the lifting movement Guide that extends into the area of the filling opening of the collecting container.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that drive means are provided which move the intermediate container on the guide into the emptying position on the collecting container and back again. This arrangement has the advantage that despite the relative mobility of the intermediate container on the guide of the latter via the drive means, for example horizontally acting hydraulic cylinders, revolving endless chains or a driven carriage receiving the intermediate container, it remains detectably connected to the refuse collection vehicle in the direction of movement. The intermediate container can be guided with its underside resting on the guides, or with its upper side or laterally hanging on the guides via corresponding connecting means.

In a particularly expedient embodiment of an embodiment with an open intermediate container, it is provided that a pressure plate which can be moved on the horizontal guide and which closes the opening of the intermediate container in the raised position is arranged. This has the advantage that, for example, when the intermediate container is loaded with bulky waste or with rubbish bags, the intermediate container is completed after the lifting movement for the horizontal movement and thus no outstanding bulky waste parts or rubbish bags can interfere with the function. The pressure plate can at the same time be designed in such a way that it simultaneously carries the intermediate container via releasable connecting means and thus forms a slide, which is connected to the drive means, for example hydraulic cylinders.

In an advantageous further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the emptying opening of the intermediate container is provided with a lockable closure, and that actuating means for releasing the locking and / or opening the closure are arranged on the guide in the region of the emptying position at the associated filling opening of the collecting container . In the case of an intermediate container subdivided into several partial containers, each partial container can have a corresponding closure which can only be opened at the assigned filling opening of the collecting container.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention it is further provided that the emptying opening of the intermediate container is arranged at the rear end thereof and that a discharge device movable against the emptying opening is arranged in the intermediate container as means for emptying. This configuration of the intermediate container can be used both in the case of an intermediate container which is arranged fixedly above the driver's cab and in the case of an intermediate container which can be moved via the moving device. Depending on the design of the intermediate container, the discharge device can also be used to partially compact the waste in the intermediate container. For emptying, the waste is then pushed through the discharge device through the emptying opening into the filling opening of the collecting container located in the upper area. The discharge device in the sense of the invention is both a movable push plate, as well as a rolling or scraper floor or a so-called push rod floor in the intermediate container. It is primarily important that the waste quantities falling into the intermediate container are moved to its emptying opening.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention it is further provided that the emptying opening is arranged on the bottom of the intermediate container. This arrangement has the advantage that the intermediate container can be brought by the moving device to the filling opening arranged in the ceiling area of the collecting container and thus fits tightly, so that the waste from the intermediate container can fall directly into the collecting container after the closure has been opened. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in the case of intermediate containers divided into sub-containers and / or divided collecting containers, since the intermediate container can be moved over the collecting container to the assigned filling opening. The arrangement of appropriate sealing means on the lower edge of the intermediate container and / or on the edge of the filling opening of the collecting container, for example in the form of a circumferential rubber bead, results in a good sealing possibility here.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the moving device is arranged on a support frame connected to the vehicle chassis, which carries the lifting device in the front area and the guide and the drive means for the intermediate container in the area above the driver's cab. This arrangement has the advantage that the moving device forms a self-contained system that can be detachably connected to the vehicle, so that it is also possible to use the vehicle for other transport purposes after removing the moving device.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the support frame with one end, preferably with the end lying in front of the cab, via at least two front fastening points and with its other end, preferably with the end behind the cab via at least one, preferably rear attachment point on the chassis in the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle is supported. This arrangement advantageously allows the support frame, which is necessarily rigid in itself, to be fastened in a manner which allows the chassis to be twisted while driving without impairment. Another advantage of this design is that the support frame in the front area can be attached to the ends of the chassis which are accessible from the outside anyway and are designed in conventional trucks for connecting additional units.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the rear attachment point is formed by a joint with at least two degrees of freedom. The joint can be formed, for example, by a universal or ball joint, but also by a rubber joint.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the rear attachment point is designed to be detachable and the support frame is mounted so that it can be pivoted about a horizontal axis at the front attachment points. This design makes it possible, particularly in the case of so-called front-steering vehicles, in which the drive motors are partly inside the driver's cab and the driver's cab can be pivoted forward for repair purposes, to perform this function even with such a refuse collection vehicle. If an engine repair is required, the support frame is pivoted forward so that the cab can then be pivoted and the engine repair can be carried out. It is particularly expedient here if the support frame is provided with a controllable swivel drive, preferably at least one hydraulic cylinder. As a result, the support frame can not only be pivoted completely forward in order to also be able to tilt the driver's cab, but this also offers the possibility of pivoting the support frame only slightly, so that when the collection container is replaced, there is sufficient space for this required movement is available. In particular in the case of collecting containers with an overhead filling opening, this additionally has the advantage that, when the collecting container is in place, the filling opening of the collecting container can be sealed off from the outside in the region of the transfer point on the supporting frame by lowering the supporting frame. It is useful here if the support frame is detachably connected to the chassis.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the support frame is enclosed on all sides, at least in the area extending beyond the driver's cab, except for an entry opening for the intermediate container and a transfer opening that can be connected to the fill opening of the collecting container. This configuration has the advantage that the intermediate container is guided encapsulated outwards on its horizontal path after completion of the lifting movement, in particular the emptying area for the intermediate container at the filling opening of the collecting container being closed to the outside in a practically dust-tight manner and thus a perfect emptying without polluting the environment is possible.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is further provided that the length of the space between the intermediate container in its filling position lying in the floor area in front of the driver's cab and the guide at least partially on the side facing the driver's cab and the adjoining side areas variable cover is arranged according to the lifting movement of the intermediate container. This has the advantage that when the intermediate containers are open at the top, the waste collection containers are emptied with extensive shielding from the outside. The forwardly lying area of the cover, through which the waste collection container to be emptied must be moved, is expediently designed in the form of a strip curtain or the like, which is mounted on the guide via a winding device, so that a corresponding length reduction corresponding to the stroke movement is possible. The side areas and the area facing the driver's cab can also be formed by curtains of this type. However, a cover in the form of a bellows is expedient here, which tightly encloses the side areas and the cab-side area and has an approximately C-shaped plan, so that the forward-facing, free opening of the C can then be closed off by the aforementioned strip curtain .

In an expedient embodiment it is further provided that the cover is attached with its upper end to the slide-shaped pressure plate which can be moved back and forth on the guide and with its lower end to the intermediate container. This arrangement has the advantage that the cover is mounted only on the movable parts and is firmly connected to them, the cover also being moved in the overhead travel position of the intermediate container connected to the pressure plate.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the intermediate container is exchangeably connected to the moving device. This arrangement has the advantage that intermediate containers of this type can also be used as large-volume waste collection containers, for example for special or bulky waste, so that the waste collection vehicle only picks up the intermediate container that has been parked, emptied it into the vehicle's collection container and deposits it again at the receiving point.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the moving device, in particular in the embodiment as a lifting device, is connected to a comminution device and / or a pressing device. This arrangement makes it possible to use the refuse collection vehicle according to the invention also for picking up bulky waste. The advantages of the refuse collection vehicle with detachable collection container can thus also be used advantageously for collecting bulky waste.

The arrangement of the intermediate container according to the invention in connection with a moving device which enables an essentially horizontal movement of the intermediate container above the driver's cab allows, in a further embodiment of the invention, that the device for handling the waste collection containers to be emptied is provided by a controllable receptacle arranged in the front area of the driver's cab - And emptying device is formed. Such a device, which can be designed in the manner of a so-called robotic arm, as used in industrial production technology, also simplifies the operation of the refuse collection vehicle, since all functions can be controlled from the vehicle by the driver, in particular by a second operator. without the movements overlapping.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the receiving device is pivotally mounted about a vertical pivot axis and has a gripping and pouring device for the waste collection containers to be emptied which can be pivoted about at least one coordinate axis and which is held on an arm in a variable manner in its distance from the pivot axis. With a receiving device designed in this way, waste collecting vessels of various sizes and in various configurations, for example from the roadside, can be specifically picked up and emptied.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that in the area between the driver's cab and the front end of the refuse collection container, a protected refuse bin location is arranged on at least one longitudinal side of the vehicle. This training has the advantage that the garbage collector in the immediate vicinity of the cab can still get in visual contact with the driver on the vehicle and up to can go to the next pick-up point without having to climb into the cab. This is particularly advantageous if, in settlement areas in which the staging areas for the waste collection containers to be emptied are at a distance from one another, they account for a multiple of the vehicle length. In these cases, the garbage collector can cover these greater distances sitting or standing on the vehicle, so that rapid emptying work is ensured. This garbage collector station can not only be provided with a cover to protect against weather influences, but also additional securing means can be provided which secure the garbage collector against falling out in the event of abrupt vehicle movements, for example in the event of emergency braking.

Fig. 1

Zur Erläuterung der Grundfunktionen ein Abfallsammelfahrzeug mit feststehendem Zwischenbehälter,

Fig. 2

ein Abfallsammelfahrzeug mit Hubeinrichtung für einen bewegbaren Zwischenbehälter,

Fig. 3

eine abgewandelte Bauform der Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 4,

Fig. 4

eine Ausführungsform mit Hub- und Verfahreinrichtung und zusätzlicher Handhabungseinrichtung für die Abfallsammelgefäße,

Fig. 5

eine Aufsicht auf einen unterteilten Sammelbehälter,

Fig. 6

eine weitere Ausführungsform mit einer kippbaren Hub- und Verfahreinrichtung,

Fig. 7

Einzelheiten an der Hub- und Verfahreinrichtung der Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 8,

Fig. 8

eine Ausführungsform mit horizontal schwenkbarem Zwischenbehälter,

Fig. 9

eine Aufsicht auf die Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 9,

Fig. 10 und 11

in einer Aufsicht und einem Querschnitt einen längsgeteilten Sammelbehälter,

Fig. 12a bis g

die Abfolge der einzelnen Funktionsschritte,

Fig. 13

perspektivisch einen Drei-Stoff-Sammelbehälter,

Fig. 14

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Hubeinrichtung für den Zwischenbehälter.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to schematic drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

A waste collection vehicle with a fixed intermediate container to explain the basic functions,

Fig. 2

a refuse collection vehicle with a lifting device for a movable intermediate container,

Fig. 3

a modified design of the embodiment according. Fig. 4,

Fig. 4

an embodiment with lifting and moving device and additional handling device for the waste collection containers,

Fig. 5

a supervision of a divided collecting container,

Fig. 6

another embodiment with a tiltable lifting and moving device,

Fig. 7

Details of the lifting and moving device of the embodiment acc. Fig. 8,

Fig. 8

an embodiment with a horizontally pivotable intermediate container,

Fig. 9

a supervision of the embodiment acc. Fig. 9,

10 and 11

in a top view and a cross section a longitudinally divided collecting container,

12a to g

the sequence of the individual functional steps,

Fig. 13

in perspective a three-substance collection container,

Fig. 14

is a schematic side view of a lifting device for the intermediate container.

1 shows a refuse collection vehicle, on which the basic structure and the basic functions are to be explained in the first place. In this case, a collecting container 2 is detachably fastened to a chassis 1, for example by means of locking means 3 customary on container transport vehicles. The rear of the collecting container 2 is designed as an emptying opening and therefore has a hinged rear wall 4 on. In the illustrated embodiment, the rear wall 4 can be opened upwards and held in the closed position by means of a lock 5. On the front wall of the collecting container 2 facing the driver's cab 6, a pressure plate 7 is arranged on the inside and guided in the longitudinal direction of the container in the collecting container 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the press plate 7 is formed in two parts. This has a base part 8, which is connected to a pressing device 9, for example a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and a slide part 10, which can be pushed vertically upwards, so that the press plate with the extended slide part 10 covers approximately the entire container cross section as shown in dashed lines. In its end position on the end wall and when the slide part 10 is lowered, the collecting container 2 has a filling opening 11 in the upper region. The filling opening 11 can be closed by the slide part 10.

An intermediate container 12 is fixedly mounted above the driver's cab 6, which is provided with a fill opening 13 in the front area and which extends essentially over the entire width of the driver's cab 6. At the rear end, the intermediate container 12 has an emptying opening, the size of which corresponds to the filling opening 11 of the collecting container 2. The emptying opening of the intermediate container 12 is provided with an extension 14, so that the emptying opening of the intermediate container protrudes into the collecting container 2 and thereby bridges the vertical space between the end plane of the intermediate container 12 and the rear wall of the cab 6. On the front of the driver's cab 6 there is a device for handling the waste collection containers in the form of a pouring device 26, which is raised via a lifting device 15, each with a waste container 16, from floor level into the area above the intermediate container 12 and swiveling the waste container 16 into the intermediate container 12 can drain. The filling opening 13 is only shown schematically.

It is expediently attached to the intermediate container in connection with the pouring device in such a way that when pivoting the waste collecting vessel 16 into the emptying position, the clearance profile is at most only exceeded slightly.

Several, preferably two pouring devices can also be arranged side by side, which can be actuated independently of one another, so that two waste collecting vessels 16 can be emptied simultaneously. The waste emptied into the intermediate container 12 is then inserted into the collecting container 2 via a schematically indicated discharge device 17 in the intermediate container 12 through the filling opening 11. Instead of the push plate shown, the intermediate container can also have a rolling or scraper floor, for example, which promotes the incoming waste in the collecting container 2.

With the press plate 7 in the collecting container 2, the waste filled into the collecting container is pushed against the rear wall 4 at appropriate intervals, so that after reaching a corresponding filling volume, the waste is pressed against the rear wall and compressed in the process. For each new filling process from the intermediate container 12 there is therefore a sufficient free filling space below the filling opening 11. In the final phase, a small remainder can then be introduced via the slide device 17 of the intermediate container 12 into the space located directly in the area of the filling opening 11, so that the filling opening can then be completely closed via the slide part 10.

The collection container, which is almost completely filled with waste in this way, can then be driven to a parking space and the vehicle can be parked there in front. In the exemplary embodiment shown, supports 18 which can be extended and locked downwards in a telescopic manner are provided for this purpose on the outside of the collecting container 2. After extending of the supports 18, the locking means 3 are released and, depending on the design of the collecting containers, are raised somewhat before the supports are locked or the vehicle is lowered somewhat after the supports have been locked, for example with the aid of its air suspension. The vehicle can then drive out from under the collecting container 2, which has been erected in this way, and can also take up an empty container, which has also been installed, and drive into the area of use again. The filled collection containers can then be picked up by a pure transport vehicle and driven to the unloading point, be it an incineration plant or a landfill.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the intermediate container 12 can be moved via a moving device 19 from its filling position lying in front of the driver's cab in the floor area over the driver's cab to its emptying position on the collecting container 2. The intermediate container 12 is shown in dashed lines in its emptying position. Emptying also takes place here with a discharge device, as was described for example with reference to FIG. 1.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the displacement device 19 again has a guide 20 above the driver's cab 6, which can be designed, for example, in the form of two spaced-apart, parallel rails, in which, for example, a slide that can be connected to the intermediate container or to the intermediate container 12 connected sliding or rolling body 21 are held.

A lifting device 22 for the vertical movement of the intermediate container 12 is arranged in the front area of the driver's cab 6. In the illustrated embodiment, this lifting device 22 has vertically extending guides 23 in the front area, in which a lifting frame or a lifting fork 24 can be moved up and down in the vertical direction with the aid of a lifting drive 25, for example in the form of hydraulic cylinders or an oil motor-driven quick-push spindle drives . The lifting frame 24 also has corresponding rails for receiving the intermediate container 12.

A schematically indicated pouring device 26 of conventional design can be arranged on the front side of the lifting frame 24, with which the waste collection containers to be emptied can be emptied into the intermediate container 12. Garbage bags can be thrown into the filling opening 13 by hand.

The moving device 19 is further provided with drive means by means of which, in the raised position shown, the intermediate container 12 can be advanced and retracted via the guide 20 into its emptying position. In the illustrated embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder 27 is provided as the drive means, which is attached to the lifting frame 24 and engages the intermediate container 12 in the bottom region. However, the drive means can also be arranged in the region of the guides 20, so that, for example, when using a hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod is retracted in the emptying position, which also represents the driving position, so that the intermediate container 12 can be pressed and locked against the collecting container 2 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the cylinder with the slide 42 and the piston rod are expediently fixed at the rear end of the guide for this purpose. In the emptying position, which also represents the driving position, the piston-cylinder unit is then pushed together. However, the horizontal movement of the intermediate container can also take place via other drive systems, for example oil motors, electric motors or driven rotating chains.

The end wall of the intermediate container 12 facing the filling opening 11 of the collecting container 2 can be closed with at least one lockable flap 28. Actuating means, for example in the form of hydraulic cylinders, are now provided on the guide 20 in the region of the emptying position shown in dashed lines, which come into engagement when the intermediate container is advanced from the lifting position into the emptying position, with the aid of which the locking of the flap 28, not shown, is released and / or the flap 28 can be opened. The waste can now be pushed out of the intermediate container into the collecting container 2 via a discharge device which is arranged in the intermediate container 12 and is not shown here.

In Fig. 3 is a modified embodiment of an embodiment according to. Fig. 2 shown. In terms of its structure and function, the traversing device essentially corresponds to the traversing device of the exemplary embodiment according to. Fig. 2. The difference in this embodiment, however, is that the collecting container 2 is stepped at the end facing the cab 6 in the length and height of the intermediate container 12, so that the upper region of this stepped end also the filling opening of the container 2nd forms. The guides 20 are guided up to this stepped area of the collecting container 2, so that the intermediate container can be moved over this area. This can be done in such a way that the guides are attached to the vehicle over their entire length. However, an arrangement is expedient in which the part of the guides located in the area of the filling opening of the collecting container is attached to the latter. The intermediate container 12 can be emptied into the area below the collecting container 2 by means of the bottom flaps 29 shown in dashed lines, which in turn can be unlocked, opened and closed and locked again after emptying by means of appropriate actuating means. This filling area can always be kept clear by means of a pressure plate 30 which can be moved back and forth in this area of the collecting container 2. The press plate 30 is in turn actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 9 which is detachably connected to the press plate 30 by means of a coupling. For this purpose, an opening is provided in the end wall of the collecting container 2, through which a coupling 31 connected to the pressing plate 30 projects, which can be connected to the free end of the pressing device 9. This opening is closed by the pressure plate 30 when the collecting container 2 is completely filled. The press plate together with the hydraulic cylinder can also be arranged in the collecting container 2.

The collecting container 2 for the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 and 3 has at its fill opening each have a closure flap, not shown here, which is firmly closed as soon as the collecting container is to be detached from the vehicle and parked after full filling.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 shows a collecting container 2 which is divided into two partial containers 33 'by a transverse wall 33 and which is provided on its upper side with two filling openings. The guide 20 has extensions 34, for example in the form of rails, which are fixedly connected to the collecting container, so that the collecting container 2 can also be detachably connected to the chassis here. The collecting container can also be designed such that the intermediate container can enter it through an opening.

In this collecting container, both end walls can be opened, so that the filling in each container part can not only be compressed but also pushed out after the respective end wall has been opened, via the two pressing plates 30 ', 30''supported on the transverse wall 33. With such a collection container, which can also have more subdivisions, pre-sorted waste can be collected with a vehicle. If there are more than two cross dividers, the collection container can be emptied via appropriate openings in the side wall. A longitudinal division is also possible. In this case, the intermediate container must then be provided with correspondingly assigned emptying openings. In the case of a longitudinal subdivision, the emptying of the collecting container and the compaction can take place via a plurality of parallel pressing plates which can be guided independently of one another. As shown, the partial containers can form a closed unit. However, the sub-containers can also be connected to the chassis as separate containers and detachably for themselves. Each sub-container can be provided with its own press plate, the press device of which can be connected to the hydraulic supply of the vehicle via a plug connection.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic top view and FIG. 11 shows a cross section of such a longitudinally divided collecting container. For reasons of better weight distribution, the part of the container intended for the waste produced in large quantities can be arranged in the middle. Even with a longitudinal division, the partial containers can be detachably fastened to one another or to a base frame.

FIG. 4 also shows a receiving and emptying device 35 for waste collecting vessels 16 to be emptied into the intermediate container 12 in the manner of a robot arm. The device 35 is pivotably connected to the vehicle or the guide 20 about a vertical axis 36 and has an arm part 37 which can be changed in length horizontally and an arm part 38 which is also pivotably articulated and pivotable thereon. With a device designed in this way, the clearance profile is not exceeded during handling. At the free end of the arm part 38, a schematically indicated gripping device 39 is arranged, which in turn can be pivoted relative to the arm part 38 about at least one coordinate axis, so that practically every form of waste collection container 16 is picked up from the roadside, positioned exactly in front of the intermediate container 12, in this by pivoting the gripping device can be emptied and put down again. Such a pick-up device can be operated from the driver's cab or from an operating station located on the side of the vehicle. The gripping device 39 is provided with means (not shown in more detail) for opening and holding the lid on the waste collection container during the emptying process. With appropriate training, the gripping device can also be used to pick up garbage bags and small bulky items. With the holding device shown, waste collection vessels standing at an angle to the roadside can advantageously also be held if the gripping device can be pivoted about all three coordinate axes.

In all of the embodiments, the intermediate container 12 can be completely closed and with a likewise closable filling opening for the waste collection containers to be emptied be provided, which is only opened when emptying the waste container. The filling opening of the intermediate container, which can be closed by one or more lid flaps, can also extend almost over the entire container top.

Gladly from the representation. Fig. 2 can easily be seen that a refuse collection vehicle designed in this way can also be designed in such a way that a comminution device can be arranged on the lifting frame 24 instead of a chute 26. With a correspondingly adapted configuration of the intermediate container 12, which in this case is expediently designed as a container open at the top, such a waste collection vehicle can then also be used for collecting bulky waste. The emptying of the intermediate container 12 into the collecting container 2 can then take place after the displacement either via an appropriate discharge device, via bottom flaps or also by tipping over.

5 shows a schematic top view of a collecting container 2 which has a basic container 2a, which at the same time forms a supporting frame for partial containers 2b, 2c and 2d which can be detachably connected to the basic container 2a. The basic container and the partial containers are provided with filling openings (not shown in more detail) through which the waste can be disposed of in a pre-sorted manner by means of an intermediate container which can be moved on the extensions 34 of the guide. Depending on the intended use, the subcontainers can be arranged independently from the intermediate container, for example in each case in one side wall. For example, paper can be placed in the sub-container 2b, while special waste, for example from hospitals, can be placed in the sub-container 2c and 2d. The partial containers can then be removed from the collecting container or from the vehicle and emptied without being reloaded, while the normal waste contained in the basic container 2a is tipped over in the usual way.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in a side view and in FIG. 9 in a top view, the intermediate container 12 is fastened to a lifting column 35, by means of which the intermediate container can be raised to above the height of the driver's cab. The subsequent horizontal movement into the emptying position is carried out by pivoting about the axis of the lifting column 35, that is to say in a horizontal plane, as can be seen from FIG. 9.

In a modification of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the lifting column 35 can also be arranged centrally in front of the cab, so that the intermediate container 12 can be brought into its emptying position on the collecting container by a pivoting movement extending in a horizontal plane. In the case of a subdivided collecting container, following the swiveling movement of the intermediate container, the corresponding guides can be moved into its emptying position over the partial container to be approached on or in the collecting container 2.

Depending on the dimensions of the intermediate container and driver's cab, a horizontal sliding movement can also follow the swiveling process. This is useful, for example, in order to provide a tight seal between the emptying opening of the intermediate container and the filling opening of the collecting container.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 can also be modified with respect to the horizontal sliding movement in such a way that the intermediate container is inserted into the collecting container after the pivoting process, or according to a collecting container. Fig. 5 or 10, 11 on guides 34 on or on the container until the associated filling opening is moved. In the case of a longitudinally divided container, as shown in FIGS. 10, 11, after the swiveling process, but before the horizontal sliding process in the longitudinal direction, it is expedient to there is still a shift in the transverse direction so that the corresponding partial container can then be approached in the longitudinal movement. Here, too, the intermediate container is provided with a pouring device 26 (FIG. 2) or a handling device, for example in the form of a robot arm 35 (FIG. 4).

The most expedient embodiments with a movable intermediate container are the designs in which the intermediate container is only moved in a horizontal plane after the lifting process, so that the predetermined maximum height is never exceeded at any time.

6 shows a further embodiment, in which the moving device 19 is formed by a self-contained supporting frame connected to the vehicle chassis 1, which carries the guides 20 and the drive means for the horizontal movement of the intermediate container 12 above the driver's cab 6. The vertically extending guides 23 for the lifting device (not shown here) are rigidly connected to the guide 20 which extends from the filling opening 11 of the collecting container 2 to the front area in front of the driver's cab. The guide 20 is designed in the form of a rectangular channel which is closed on all sides and extends on the front through the guides 23 and on the back to the transfer area 40 above the filling opening 11 on the collecting container 2. The transfer area 40 is connected in a downward direction to the filling opening 11 on the collecting container 2 by means of an interposed seal 41. In the rectangular channel, the intermediate container 12 can be pushed back and forth on a slide 42 designed as a cover plate with the aid of drive means (not shown here), for example via a circulating chain drive running horizontally in the guide 20, or also via hydraulic cylinders. The width of the rectangular channel is such that it is the intermediate container 12 together with its sled-shaped cover plate 42 can accommodate. The rear wall 40 'is closed.

The support frame forming the moving device 19 is articulated at the front end of the vehicle chassis at two fastening points 43 and is supported on the abutment for the press cylinder 9 at a fastening point 44, so that a three-point support is present here. The attachment point 44 is designed as a joint, so that the vehicle chassis 1 can twist relative to the rigid support frame of the displacement device 19 without constraint. The attachment point can be designed in the form of a universal joint, which permits additional transverse displacements of the part on the vehicle side with respect to the part on the support frame.

On both sides of the support frame 19 designed as a traversing mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder 45 is connected as a swivel drive, through which the support frame can be raised by a small amount from the horizontal position (operating position) shown, so that the filling opening 11 is released and the collecting container 2 from Vehicle can be separated. The hydraulic cylinders 45 are dimensioned such that the displacement device 19 can be swiveled forward into the position shown in dashed lines, so that the cab 6 can also be pivoted into the shown dashed position in the usual manner for repair or maintenance work on the vehicle engine.

The mode of operation of the vehicle type described in FIG. 6 otherwise corresponds to the exemplary embodiment described according to FIGS. 2 and / or 3. In the intermediate container 12, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 6 in its filling position near the bottom, the waste collection vessels are emptied via the pouring device, which is not shown in any more detail here. Subsequently, the intermediate container arranged on a lifting frame or a lifting fork is moved over the lifting device, not shown here 12 to move against the slide-shaped pressure plate 42 and locked with it. The pressure plate is then moved together with the intermediate container 12 from the lifting frame into the channel-shaped region of the guide 20 to the emptying position via the drive means present in the guides 20. Here opens a closure flap (not shown in detail) which forms the rear wall of the intermediate container, so that the waste contained in the intermediate container 12 can be pushed out into the transfer area 14 via the hydraulically driven discharge device 17 and can fall through the filler opening 11 into the collecting container 2. Here the garbage is then pushed into the rear part of the collecting container via the press plate. The press plate 30 is advanced over the hydraulic press device 9 until it has swept over the cross section of the filling opening located in a lower ceiling area of the collecting container 12. The garbage is pressed from the smaller cross-section of the container into the large cross-section of the container, and due to the structure of the garbage in the final phase of filling, the larger cross-sectional area of the collecting container 12 at the front is almost completely filled by the pressing process.

Due to the design as a rectangular channel, the horizontal range of movement of the intermediate container 12, which is already closed by the cover plate, is closed to the outside in the transition area 40. In order to now also complete the range of the vertical lifting movement towards the outside, a length 46, which is variable in length, is provided here, which is attached to the slide-like cover plate 42 at the upper end and is connected to the intermediate container at the lower end. The cover 46 closes both the two side areas and the rear area facing the cab. Only the front area is provided with an openable cover, for example in the form of a strip curtain, which, however, is also its length can be changed. The waste collection vessel to be emptied can then be moved through the at least partially openable area of the front cover with the aid of the pouring device and emptied into the intermediate container which is open at the top without significant amounts of dust escaping to the outside.

In Fig. 7, an embodiment of such a cover is shown and described on a larger scale. For reasons of clarity, only the stroke range of the moving device 19 designed as a supporting frame is shown. The lifting drive is also omitted, so that only the guides 23 and the lifting frame 24 which can be moved vertically up and down on the guides 23 and to which the pouring device 26 is fastened are visible.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cover 46 is formed by a bellows 47 which is C-shaped in plan and which encloses the lifting area on the sides and towards the driver's cab, so that the opening points forward with respect to the direction of travel. This opening is closed to the front by a strip curtain 48. Both the bellows 47 and the strip curtain with its outermost edge strip are attached to the intermediate container 12 on the one hand and to the sled-shaped pressure plate 42 on the other. If, after the intermediate container 12 has been completely filled, the latter is lifted over the lifting frame 24 and pressed against the pressure plate 42, the bellows 47 pushes together and is partially received by recesses 49 in the sled-shaped pressure plate 42. The strip curtain 48 lying at the front is wound up by a winding device 50 connected to the sled-shaped pressure plate 42. As soon as the intermediate container 12 is locked to the pressure plate 42, the entire system including the cover 46 can be moved into the emptying position shown in FIG. 6. The lifting frame 24 then remains in the raised position.

The cover 46 in the filling position of the intermediate container 12 near the ground, as shown in FIG. 7, obscures the driver's view directly to the front. However, this is not harmful since the intermediate container 12 can be raised quickly via its lifting frame 24 via the lifting device of the moving device 19 and the view is thereby released. The intermediate container must then be moved up and down several times for further movement of the vehicle, depending on the size of the waste collection containers to be emptied, for smaller containers that have to be taken up over a longer distance, until it is completely filled and can be emptied. When filling with large waste collection containers or, for example, in the case of apartment buildings, a large number of smaller waste collection containers are provided, the intermediate container is usually completely filled at one receiving point so that it can then be emptied and the vehicle can be emptied during the horizontal movement and during the emptying process can be driven to the next pick-up point.

If, instead of waste collection containers for waste, sacks are used which are thrown into the intermediate container 12 without being emptied, which is designed as an open container for this purpose, then as shown in FIG. 6 there is a sled-shaped pressure plate 42 arranged on the travel device 19 above the lifting device Appropriately, which closes the filling opening of the intermediate container 12 in the raised position and compresses the contents. This pressure plate 42 is carried along during the horizontal movement of the intermediate container 12 until it has reached its emptying position above the collecting container. Instead of a separate pressure plate, the filler opening of the intermediate container can be closed with flaps which are fastened to the intermediate container 12 and which, in embodiments without the cover 46 in the opened position, enclose the filler opening on three sides and thus a windbreak during the emptying of the waste collection containers into the intermediate container form.

As can be seen from the side view in FIG. 6, there is an intermediate space between the rear of the driver's cab 6 and the end wall of the collecting container 2, which is delimited to the inside of the vehicle by the vehicle chassis 1 and the stand of the pressing device 9. This intermediate space is sufficient to use a protected garbage collector's place 51, on which the garbage collector can stay during the journey between two distant receptacles for waste collection containers. This garbage collector place can be provided with a closed wall upwards and on three sides, so that the garbage worker is protected against the weather during his stay on the garbage worker place. At the same time, the garbage collector has a secure hold here while driving, even if the vehicle suddenly has to brake.

12a to 12g show the sequence of the individual functions based on a vehicle in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 and 7 are shown.

12a shows the emptying of a large waste collecting vessel 16 into the intermediate container 12 which is in the position close to the floor. The space above the intermediate container is enclosed by the cover 46, so that the waste collecting vessel 16 can only be pivoted into this space by a strip curtain.

12b shows the lifting process.

Fig. 12c shows the displacement of the intermediate container 12 in the channel-shaped guide 20 to the emptying position. The lifting frame 24 is held in the raised position.

12d shows the emptying of the intermediate container 12 into the collecting container 2, a rear closure flap 12 ′ on the intermediate container 12 opening up its emptying opening.

12e and f show the return movement of the intermediate container 12. In FIG. 12f, the pushing in of the refuse into the rear region of the collecting container 2 is also shown by the press plate 30.

12g shows the vehicle with the travel device 19 slightly pivoted forward and the floor supports 18 extended on the collecting container 2. By lowering the vehicle relative to the collecting container in the manner customary in vehicles with swap bodies, the vehicle detaches from the collecting container and can move forward. A new, empty collection container is added in reverse order.

If maintenance and / or repair work is to be carried out on the motor, the moving device 19 is pivoted further into the position shown in FIG. 6. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, in contrast to FIG. 7, the hydraulic cylinders forming the swivel drive 45 are aligned horizontally and articulated with the fixed end on the upper part of the support 9 'for the pressing device 9. This has the advantage, among other things, that a larger space is available for the garbage collector 51.

The vehicle can only be driven as soon as the intermediate container is raised. This is brought about by additional securing means which are connected to the control of the moving device, for example in the form of a so-called locking device, which only enables the brake to be released when the intermediate container is raised.

Fig. 13 shows a perspective view of a collecting container 2 for a vehicle. Fig. 6 in an embodiment for a presorting collection of waste, as has already been described in connection with FIGS. 10 and 11. This collecting container can be formed in one piece, so that the individual sub-containers 2a. 2b, 2c are formed by longitudinal partition walls. This collection container can also consist of three narrow individual containers can be assembled, which can be joined together to form a compact unit and can also be detached from the vehicle by releasable locking means (not shown). The filled part containers can then be moved separately to different disposal points.

The filling openings 11 of the individual partial containers 2a, 2b, 2c can be closed with separate closure flaps 52 after they have been released from the vehicle. With this design of the collecting container, the intermediate container 12 is also divided into three corresponding subchambers which are filled and emptied separately. Here, the transfer area 40 is also subdivided by corresponding dividing plates above the filling openings 11.

In order to avoid unwanted mixing in the task area of the divided intermediate container 12 when emptying the waste collection containers filled with the most varied types of waste, the length of the container above the intermediate container 12 and in extension with its divided intermediate walls can be changed in length in accordance with the stroke Partitions arranged.

Happy with the embodiments. 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8, a lifting device can be used for lifting and lowering the intermediate container 12 in front of the cab 6, as is known from forklift trucks. As shown schematically in FIG. 14, such a lifting device has at least one hydraulic cylinder 82, in which a roller 84 is arranged at the free end of the piston rod 83. About this role, a link chain 85 is guided, which is fastened with one end 86 in the lower region of the vehicle and with its other end 87 on the lifting frame 24, so that when the piston rod is extended, the lifting frame extends vertically upwards from the filling position in the floor area into the overhead area of the drive device 27 for the horizontal movement of the Intermediate container 12 is moved.

The device 35 shown in FIG. 4 for handling the waste collection containers can be used in all embodiments of the vehicle in which the intermediate container 12 is first raised vertically and then moved horizontally to the collection container 2. The particular advantage of the device 35 in connection with the intermediate container according to the invention is that both parts can be moved freely without colliding with one another during their movements.

Claims (32)

1. Refuse collection vehicle having a preferably detachable collecting container (2) disposed behind an operating station, in particular cab (6) of a motor vehicle, said collecting container having a filling aperture in the upper region and at least one wall portion which opens for emptying, preferably the end wall (4) opposite the filling aperture (11), and means (7) for compressing the refuse introduced into the collecting container (2), wherein in the front region of the cab (6) a displacement device (19) for at least one intermediate container (12) for receiving the refuse from refuse receptacles (16) is disposed on a carrying frame connected to the vehicle chassis (1) and moves the intermediate container (12) by means of a drive (22) for a substantially vertical lifting movement and a drive (27) for a substantially horizontal movement over the cab (6) out of its filling position on the ground in front of the cab (6), over the cab (6), and into its emptying position on the collecting container (2), wherein the intermediate container (12) communicates with means (17) for emptying its contents into the upper filling aperture of the collecting container (2) and has at least one emptying aperture which is separate from its filling aperture and which communicates at least during emptying with a filling aperture (11) of the collecting container (2).
2. Refuse collecting vehicle according to claim 1, characterised in that the intermediate container (12) communicates with at least one device (15; 19; 26; 35) for handling the refuse receptacles (16) to be emptied.
3. Refuse collecting vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the emptying aperture of the intermediate container (12) and/or the filling aperture (11) of the collecting container (2) is/are sealable.
4. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the intermediate container (12) is divided into at least two compartments, each having an emptying aperture.
5. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the emptying aperture of the intermediate container (12) and/or the filling aperture (11) of the collecting container (2) are provided with a respective extension (14), which projects into the other aperture at least during emptying of the intermediate container.
6. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the collecting container is divided into at least two compartments (33') and in that the container compartments are each provided with a filling aperture.
7. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least one part of the compartments (2b, 2c, 2d) is detachably connected to the vehicle.
8. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that each compartment has a respective compression plate (30', 30'') disposed opposite the opening wall portion of the collecting container.
9. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the intermediate container can move to and fro over the cab by means of a guide (20) from a front position into an emptying position.
10. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that a guide (20, 34) extending into the region of the filling aperture on the collecting container (2) is provided for horizontal sliding motion of the intermediate container (12).
11. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that drive means (27) are provided which move the intermediate container (12) along the guide (20) into the emptying position on the collecting container and back again.
12. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that when the intermediate container is open, a movable slide-like pressure plate (42) is disposed on the horizontal guide (20) and closes the upper aperture of the intermediate container (12) in the raised position.
13. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the pressure plate (42) is formed as a displacement device for the horizontal movement of the intermediate container and is provided with detachable connecting means for coupling on the intermediate container.
14. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the emptying aperture of the intermediate container (12) is provided with a lockable cover (28, 29) and in that actuating means for unlocking and/or opening the cover are disposed on the guide (20) in the region of the emptying position on the associated filling aperture of the collecting container.
15. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the emptying aperture is disposed on the rear end of the intermediate container (12) and a discharging device (17) movable against the emptying aperture is provided as a means of emptying the container.
16. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the emptying aperture is disposed in the base of the intermediate container (12).
17. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the guide (20) takes the form of a groove and is provided with a front aperture for inserting the intermediate container (12) and a release aperture attachable in a sealing-tight manner to the filling aperture (11) of the collecting container (2).
18. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the displacement device (19) is disposed on a supporting frame connected to the vehicle chassis (1) and carrying in the front region the lifting device (25) and in the region over the cab (6) the guide (20) and the drive means (27) for the intermediate container (12).
19. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the supporting frame is supported on the chassis (1) at one end, preferably by the end lying in front of the cab (6), via at least two front fixing points (43) and at its other end, preferably the end behind the cab (6), via at least one rear fixing point (44) preferably lying in the longitudinal centre plane of the vehicle.
20. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterised in that the rear fixing point (44) is formed by a hinge with at least two degrees of freedom.
21. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that the rear fixing point (44) is detachable and the supporting frame is mounted pivotably about a horizontal axis at the front fixing points (43).
22. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterised in that the supporting frame is provided with a controllable swivel drive (45), preferably at least one hydraulic cylinder.
23. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that the supporting frame is detachably connected to the vehicle chassis (1).
24. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterised in that on the guide (20) a cover (46) is provided, whose length is variable in accordance with the lifting motion of the intermediate container and which surrounds the space between the intermediate container (12) in its filling position and the guide (20) at least on the side associated with the cab (6) and the adjacent lateral regions.
25. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterised in that the cover (46) is fixed by its upper end to the slide-like pressure plate (42), which is movable to and fro on the guide (20), and by its lower end to the intermediate container (12).
26. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterised in that the cover (46) is formed so as to open in the region of motion of the receiving device (26) for the refuse receptacles (12).
27. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterised in that the intermediate container (12) is connected to the displacement device (19) in an exchangeable manner.
28. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterised in that the displacement device (19) is connected to a comminuting device, particularly in the embodiment as a lifting device (22).
29. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterised in that the device for handling the refuse receptacles to be emptied is formed by a controllable receiving and emptying device (35) disposed at the front of the cab.
30. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterised in that the receiving device (35) is pivotably mounted about a vertical pivotal axis (36) and has for the refuse receptacles (16) to be emptied a gripping and tipping device (39), which is pivotable about at least one axis of coordinates and is held with clearance from the pivotal axis (36) so as to be variable in length on an arm (37, 38).
31. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 30, characterised in that in the region between the cab (6) and the front end of the refuse collecting container (2) a protected space (51) for refuse collection personnel is provided on at least one longitudinal side of the vehicle.
32. Refuse collecting vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 31, characterised in that in an intermediate container (12) divided into at least two compartments, the space enclosed by the length-variable cover (46) is divided by at least one partition wall, whose length is variable in according with the stroke and which abuts the division of the intermediate container.

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