Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/02—Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors

Definitions

• the invention relates to a new method for the production of the well-known substance reducing blood coagulation, rasugrel of formula I, in high purity
• a Grinard reagent prepared from 2-fluorobenzylbromide (XI) reacts with cyclopropylcyanide (X) in ether and provides the compound (IX).
• the compound (IX) is brominated with bromine in CCI 4 or with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in the presence of dibenzoylperoxide to a bromo derivative (VIII). This is subject to nucleophilic substitution by the compound (III), producing the compound (II), which is obtained in the yield of 35% after chromatographic purification and crystallization from diisopropyl ether.
• the compound of formula III is used in the hydrochloride form, from which the free base is released in situ by the action of potash.
• the compound (II) is transformed to the final prasugrel (I) by reaction with acetanhydride in the presence of NaH in D F.
• the yield of this stage after chromatographic purification and crystallization from diisopropyl ether is 65%.
• the compound of formula XIV is deprotected in situ and acetylated in acetonitrile in the presence of triethylamine and dimethylaminopyridine to prasugrel of formula I, which, after crystallization from the reaction mixture after addition of water, provided the product in the yield of 87%.
• the patent of the Sankyo Company no. EP 1 298 132 describes prasugrel hydrochloride and maleate; in another patent application, EP 2 003 136, 2 crystalline forms of prasugrel hydrochloride are characterized with physical analytic methods. At the same time this application also deals with the polymorph form of the prasugrel base.
• EP 0 785 205 describes production of various hydrochlorides of pharmaceutically active substances by means of HCI generated in situ from trialkylsilylchlorides. Prasugrel hydrochloride was also prepared by this method and characterized with physical analytic methods.
• the invention provides a new method for the production of 5-[2-cyclopropyl-1 -(2- fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridin-2-yl acetate, known under the non-proprietary name prasugrel, of formula I and its salts.
• the production method in accordance with the invention provides the possibility of preparing a technologically feasible procedure, which provides prasugrel in a high yield and high purity. It uses a simple approach without the necessity to use protecting groups.
• Y in Scheme 4 means a halogen such as chlorine, bromine, or an OR 4 group, wherein R 4 means an alkane sulfonic group, such as the methane sulfonic group, or an arene sulfonic group such as p-toluene sulfonic group.
• the compound of formula III is reacted with the compound of formula XV with trialkylamine in an organic solvent; the resulting product is acetylated in situ by addition of acetanhydride.
• Prasugrel of formula I then crystallizes from the reaction mixture by addition of a co-solvent.
• To obtain highly pure prasugrel crude prasugrel is re-crystallized from an organic solvent by addition of a co-solvent.
• Y in Scheme 4 means a halogen such as chlorine, bromine, or an OR 4 group, wherein R 4 means an alkane sulfonic group such as the methane sulfonic group or an arene sulfonic group such as p-toluene sulfonic or benzene sulfonic groups.
• the compound of formula III is reacted with the compound of formula XV, wherein Y means a halogen such as chlorine, bromine, or an OR 4 group, wherein R 4 means an alkane sulfonic group such as the methane sulfonic group or an arene sulfonic group such as p-toluene sulfonic or benzene sulfonic groups in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, dimethylformamide or acetone in the presence of an inorganic base such as sodium, potassium or caesium carbonates or sodium, potassium or caesium hydrogen carbonates, or in the presence of an organic base such as a trialkylamine, e.g. triethylamine or ethyldiisopropylamine.
• Y means a halogen such as chlorine, bromine, or an OR 4 group
• R 4 means an alkane sulfonic group such as the methane sulfonic group or an
• the resulting product is acetylated in situ by addition of acetanhydride, preferably in the presence of dimethylaminopyridine and an organic base.
• Prasugrel of formula I then crystallizes from the reaction mixture by addition of a co-solvent.
• a co-solvent is to be understood as including water, aqueous solutions of inorganic salts, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohols, acetic acid esters such as the ethyl ester, propyl esters and butyl esters of acetic acid, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane or cyclohexane.
• the reaction is carried out at a temperature of from -20 °C to +100 °C, advantageously at a temperature of from -20 °C to +40 °C.
• crude prasugrel contains less than 0.10 % of the compound of formula II.
• the crude product is re-crystallized from an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, acetone or lower alcohols, e.g. methanol or ethanol, acetic acid esters such as the ethyl ester, propyl esters and butyl esters of acetic acid, by addition of a co-solvent.
• a co-solvent is to be understood as including water, aqueous solutions of inorganic salts, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane or cyclohexane, or their mixtures.
• prasugrel After addition of the co-solvent prasugrel is left to crystallize at a temperature of from -30 °C to +40 °C, conveniently at a temperature of from -30 °C to +1 5 °C.
• the re-crystallized product contains less than 0.10 % of the compound of formula II.
• Highly pure prasugrel is then used to prepare new stable salts suitable for use in medical dosage forms, such as hydrobromide, hydroiodide, hydrogen sulfate, cyclamate, ethane sulfonate and the salt with 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid.
• Highly pure prasugrel is dissolved in a suitable organic solvent, such as ketones, e.g.
• acetone and methyl ethyl ketone acetic acid esters, e.g. the ethyl ester, propyl esters and butyl esters of acetic acid, lower alcohols, e.g. methanol, ethanol and propyl alcohols, or in aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene. 0.95 to 1 .05 equivalents of the acid, dissolved in any of the above-mentioned solvents or in water, are added to a solution of the base.
• the resulting salt is left to crystallize at a temperature of from -30 °C to the boiling temperature of the solvent, conveniently at a temperature in the range of from -30 to + 25 °C.
• Carrier gas N2 20 ml/min.
• HPLC determination was carried out in an octadecyl column (250x4.6 mm; 5 //m) at the temperature of 30 °C with UV detection at 228 nm.
• a phosphate buffer (0.01 M KH 2 PO 4 pH 2.2) was used with acetonitrile at the flow rate of 1 .0 ml/min with the following gradient: 0 min 80% of buffer; 40 min 10% of buffer (linear gradient); 45 min 10% of buffer.
• the equilibration time of the column was 10 minutes.
• the spraying volume amounted to 10 ⁇ .
• the capacity factor of prasugrel is 4.3.
• the sample was prepared by dissolution of the corresponding substance in acetonitrile to the concentration of 1 mg/ml.
• acetanhydride (1 .2 ml; 13.2 mmol), /V-ethyldiisopropylamine (0.6 ml; 3.5 mmol) and a catalytic amount of A/,A/-dimethylaminopyridine are added to the solution.
• the reaction is stirred at the room temperature for 2 hours.
• the reaction mixture is cooled down to -15 °C, 2.5 ml of water are added and the reaction is stirred at -12 to -8 °C for 2 h.
• the resulting white crystals are aspirated, washed with ethanol and dried in air. 0.97 g of prasugrel base (58%) are obtained, melting point: 1 18 - 120 °C, HPLC: purity 98.6%; content of the compound of formula II 0.08%.
• the X-ray powder diffraction pattern is presented in the Annex in figure 1a; the DSC curve is presented in figure 1 b.
• A/-Ethyl-/V,A/-diisopropylamine (1.7 ml; 9.7 mmol) is added to a suspension of 2-oxo- 2,4,5,6,7a-hexahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine hydrochloride (0.89 g; 4.6 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 ml).
• the reaction is stirred at the room temperature for 2 hours.
• the reaction mixture is cooled down to -15 °C, 2.5 ml of water are added and the reaction is stirred at -12 to -8 °C for 2 h.
• the resulting white crystals are aspirated, washed with ethanol and air-dried. 0.190 g of prasugrel base (12%) are obtained. Melting point: 1 18-120 °C, HPLC: purity 96.9%, content of the compound of formula II 0.22%.
• the X-ray powder diffraction pattern is equal to that presented in Example 1.
• the undissolved fraction is filtered through a S2 fritted glass and the filtration cake is washed with 15 ml of acetone.
• 2.8 ml of acetanhydride (29.17 mmol) and 1 .4 ml of /V-ethyldiisopropylamine (7.78 mmol) and a catalytic amount of /V,/V-dimethylaminopyridine are added to the filtrate.
• the reaction mixture is stirred at the room temperature for 1 .5 hours.
• the reaction mixture is cooled down to -15 °C, 25 ml of water are added and the reaction is stirred at -12 to -8 °C for 2 h.
• Triethylamine (36.5 ml; 0.26 mol) is added to a suspension of 2-oxo-2,4,5,6, 7a- hexahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine hydrochloride (50 g; 0.26 mol) in a mixture of methanol (250 ml) and acetone (250 ml).
• p-Toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate (54.6 g; 0.28 mol) is added to the solution.
• White crystals precipitate from the solution under stirring at a temperature of 10 °C to 15 °C.
• Prasugrel base (3.15 g, 8.43 mmol) is dissolved in acetone (46 ml) and the solution is cooled down to 5-10 °C.
• a 48% solution of hydrobromic acid (0.90 ml; 8.01 mmol) is added dropwise to the solution; the solution is inoculated and stirred at a temperature of 5-10 °C for 1 hour.
• the precipitated crystals are aspirated. 3.60 g (99%) of prasugrel hydrobromide, form A with the melt, point of 137-141 °C are obtained.
• Prasugrel base (3.089 g; 8.27 mmol) is dissolved in acetone (46 ml) and the solution is cooled down to 5-10 °C.
• Toluene saturated with hydrogen bromide (0.95 eq.) is added dropwise to the solution; the solution is optionally inoculated and stirred at a temperature of 5-10 °C for 2 hours.
• 2.87 g of prasugrel hydrobromide (80%) are obtained. Melt, point: 134.7-136.3
• Example 17 The X-ray record of the product is equal to that presented in Example 15.
• Example 17 The X-ray record of the product is equal to that presented in Example 15.
• prasugrel hydrobromide prepared in accordance with Example 14 was dissolved while hot in a mixture of 8 ml of ethanol and 25 ml of ethyl acetate. The resulting solution was filtered and left to crystallize at a temperature of +5 °C for 24 hours. The separated hydrobromide is aspirated and 0.25 g (25%) of prasugrel hydrobromide, form B are obtained; melt, point 148 -153 °C.
• Prasugrel base (3.028 g; 8.1 1 mmol) is dissolved in acetone (16 ml) and cooled in an ice bath to 5-10 °C.
• a 57% solution of hydrogen iodide in water (0.95 eq.) is added dropwise to the solution, the solution is inoculated and stirred at the temperature of ca. 5 °C for 1 .5 h. 2.99 g of yellowish crystals (74%) are obtained, melting point: 123- 125 °C.
• Prasugrel base (1 .554 g; 4.16 mmol) is dissolved in acetone (15 ml) at a temperature of up to 35 °C and cooled down to the room temperature.
• Benzene sulfonic acid (0.625 g; 3.95 mmol) is dissolved in diethyl ether (6.2 ml) and the solution is added to the prasugrel solution.
• diethyl ether Another 8 ml of diethyl ether are added to the solution, the solution is cooled down to -10 °C, inoculated, and stirred at the temperature of -10 °C for 12 h.
• the precipitated crystals are aspirated, washed with diethyl ether and dried freely. 1 .96 g (93%) of white crystals with the melt, point of 162.5-163.5 °C are obtained.
• Prasugrel base (2.2 g; 5.41 mmol) is dissolved in acetone (20 ml).
• Cyclamic acid (0.970 g; 5.41 mmol) is dissolved in acetone (9 ml) and the solution is added to the prasugrel solution, cooled down to -10 °C, inoculated and stirred at the temperature of -10 °C for 12 h.
• the precipitated crystals are aspirated, washed with acetone and dried freely. 0.730 g (45%) of white crystals with the melt, point of 162.5-163.5 °C are obtained.

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