EP2476891B1 - Injektor - Google Patents

Injektor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2476891B1
EP2476891B1 EP11189468.9A EP11189468A EP2476891B1 EP 2476891 B1 EP2476891 B1 EP 2476891B1 EP 11189468 A EP11189468 A EP 11189468A EP 2476891 B1 EP2476891 B1 EP 2476891B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injector
actuator
pressure
antechamber
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11189468.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2476891A1 (de
Inventor
Uwe Jung
Gabriel Marzahn
Wolfgang Reisinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Automotive GmbH
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive GmbH filed Critical Continental Automotive GmbH
Publication of EP2476891A1 publication Critical patent/EP2476891A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2476891B1 publication Critical patent/EP2476891B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/31—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/31—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements
    • F02M2200/315—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements for damping fuel pressure fluctuations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injector.
  • Known injectors for injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine usually comprise a control valve for opening a connection between a control chamber for controlling a nozzle needle position and an antechamber of a fluid return line.
  • a pressure compensation means for compensating for a change in an antechamber pressure is arranged, which has at least one sealed against the antechamber body, in which a compressible medium is arranged.
  • the removal of fuel through injection and switching leakage triggers pressure waves in the high and low pressure area of the injector.
  • a control valve actuator of the injector usually projects into the low-pressure region with a relatively large-area membrane which seals the actuator from the fuel, a pressure in the low-pressure region is typically about 2.3 bar, an actuator movement and thus the injected amount of fuel Sensitive disturbed by different pressure conditions in the low pressure range, as on the membrane surface sometimes considerable additional forces act on the actuator.
  • the liquid fuel which is located in front of the membrane surface, must be pushed away. In the case of the piezoelectric element, this displacement must occur within a charging time of the piezoelectric element.
  • a charging time of a piezo element is in particular 200 ⁇ s.
  • the inertia of the incompressible liquid column causes a pressure peak of, for example, 40 bar and thus a high counterforce.
  • the liquid, ie the fuel returns to the Aktormembranvorraum back, either driven by the leakage overpressure or due to pressure wave reflections in the leakage chamber.
  • undefined conditions for injections following the first injection, undefined conditions, for example pressure conditions, prevail in front of the actuator membrane: either vacuum or air outgassing from the fuel, or liquid.
  • the object underlying the invention can therefore be seen to provide an injector which overcomes the known disadvantages and allows a defined injection amount of fluid.
  • an injector is provided with a control valve for opening a connection between a control space for controlling a nozzle needle position and an antechamber of a fluid return line.
  • a pressure compensation means for compensating for a change of an antechamber pressure is arranged.
  • the pressure compensation means has a sealed against the vestibule body, in which a compressible medium is arranged.
  • An actor is here for Actuating the control valve provided and the body is formed as a the actuator against the vestibule sealing double-walled membrane.
  • a fluid according to the invention may in particular comprise a gas or a liquid.
  • the fluid is a fuel, such as diesel or gasoline.
  • the pressure changes which occur during the injection process in the antechamber are compensated in an advantageous manner by means of the pressure compensation means, so that constant pressure conditions prevail in the antechamber.
  • This has the further consequence that no distortion of the injection quantities more in multiple injection or after a longer service life, if For example, gas has accumulated in front of an actuator membrane can occur.
  • the injector thus delivers a precisely defined amount of fluid, in particular fuel, for each injection process.
  • the pressure compensation means also advantageously reduces a counterforce during an actuator movement.
  • the actuator can in particular be made smaller and thus cheaper. To operate the actuator less energy must be provided so far. A controller of the actuator can therefore be made cheaper and smaller, since it can be designed for less energy and less power loss.
  • the injector is thus quieter, which has the following reason.
  • the injected amount of fluid, such as fuel is no longer corrupted by low pressure oscillations and / or low pressure effects. Consequently, there is no more negative pressure in front of the actuator membrane and there is no more outgassing. These processes typically produce significant acoustic emissions, so reducing or eliminating these emissions results in quieter operating noise.
  • the pressure compensation means comprises at least one sealed against the vestibule body in which a compressible medium is arranged.
  • the pressure compensation means can be flexibly adapted to the antechamber geometry.
  • a plurality of such bodies may be provided.
  • the body is preferably a compressible body. This means, in particular, that it can be compressed and stretched, thereby changing an internal volume of the body.
  • the body can also be rigid. In this case, the body then comprises a pressure compensation valve, so that an internal pressure of the body can be compensated with an antechamber pressure.
  • the medium comprises a gas.
  • Gas has the advantage that it is particularly compressible, so that such a body can compensate for significant pressure changes.
  • the gas is air.
  • Air has the advantage that it does not have to be produced consuming and is not harmful to health.
  • the medium comprises a foam.
  • a foam offers despite high compressibility also a high dimensional stability, so that a corresponding body also has these properties.
  • a closed-porous foam is provided.
  • a closed-cell, open-cell or mixed cellular foam may be provided.
  • the foam may also be formed as an integral foam.
  • a plurality of bodies may be provided, in which different or the same compressible media are arranged.
  • an actuator for actuating the control valve wherein the body is formed as a the actuator against the vestibule sealing double-walled membrane, in which preferably a compressible medium is arranged.
  • the double-walled membrane thus advantageously effects both a sealing of the actuator relative to the fluid, in particular fuel, as well as a compensation of the pressure changes occurring in the vestibule.
  • the membrane is preferably welded and / or glued to an actuator housing. As a result, a reliable and permanent attachment of the membrane can be achieved in an advantageous manner.
  • the double-walled membrane can also be placed on an existing actuator membrane, so that advantageously a known injector can be retrofitted in a particularly simple manner.
  • the actuator is a piezoelectric element.
  • the actuator may also be referred to as a piezoelectric actuator become.
  • a piezoelectric element requires only relatively low voltages for a corresponding actuator movement and is at the same time sufficiently temperature-stable and stable against vibration, so that, for example, requirements in the automotive sector can be met.
  • a piezoelectric element actuate the control valve in less than 100 ⁇ s, so open or close.
  • the piezoelectric element is formed as a stack in so-called multilayer technology in which a plurality of individual ceramic plates are connected to each other.
  • the pressure compensation means may comprise the double-walled membrane and one or more bodies each comprising a compressible medium, wherein the respective media may be the same or different.
  • the body has a ring or a polygonal shape. If several bodies are provided, they may have the same shape or different shapes. By a suitable choice of the appropriate shape, a space in the vestibule can be exploited particularly efficiently. In particular, an antechamber geometry can be taken into account. If several bodies are provided, they can be packed in a particularly space-saving manner according to their shape and arranged in the vestibule.
  • the polygonal shape comprises a rectangular shape, in particular a square shape, an octagon shape or a hexagon shape.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an injector 101 according to the invention.
  • the injector 101 includes an electrical connection 103 for a power supply of a piezoelectric actuator 105, which is arranged in an actuator housing 107.
  • the actuator housing 107 is sealed fluid-tight by means of a double-walled membrane 109 opposite an antechamber 111.
  • the vestibule 111 is upstream of and in fluid communication with a fluid return line (not shown) so that the vestibule 111 may also be referred to as an antechamber of the fluid return line.
  • the injector 101 further includes a low pressure port 113 to which the fluid return line is connected.
  • the double-walled membrane 109 is in Fig. 3 described in more detail.
  • an actuator piston 115 is further arranged such that an extension of the piezoelectric actuator 105 can be transmitted to a control valve 117.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 105 is thus coupled to the control valve 117 by means of the actuator piston 115.
  • Actuator piston 115 may also be referred to as a control valve actuator.
  • the control valve 117 opens or closes a connecting channel 119 between the antechamber 111 and a control chamber 121.
  • the connecting channel 119 is preferably designed as a throttle.
  • a control piston 123 is further arranged, which can actuate a nozzle needle 125 of an injector nozzle 127.
  • the nozzle needle 125 is disposed in a nozzle high-pressure chamber 129, in which a fuel such as diesel or gasoline is passed.
  • the injector 101 has a fluid connection 131, which represents a fuel connection.
  • the fluid port 131 comprises a filter to advantageously a To filter into the injector 101 to be introduced fluid.
  • the fluid connection 131 has an inlet throttle 133.
  • fuel is at a high pressure, typically 1000 bar to 2000 bar, both in the control chamber 121 and in the high pressure chamber of the nozzle, ie the nozzle high pressure chamber 129.
  • the connecting channel 119 between the control chamber 121 and the fluid return line is closed by means of the control valve 117.
  • a hydraulic force exerted by the high-pressure fuel on the nozzle needle 125 in the control chamber 121 is greater than the hydraulic force acting on a nozzle needle tip 135, since a surface of the control piston 123 in the control chamber 121 is larger than a free area under the nozzle needle 125.
  • the injector nozzle 127 of the injector 101 is closed in this respect.
  • the piezoactuator 105 presses on the control valve 117 by means of the actuator piston 115 so that the connection channel 119 opens to the fluid return line. This results in a pressure drop in the control chamber 121 and the hydraulic force acting on the nozzle needle tip 135 is greater than the force acting on the control piston 123 force.
  • the nozzle needle 125 moves in the direction of the control chamber 121 and thus opens the injector nozzle 127.
  • fuel passes through injection holes (not shown) of the injector nozzle 127 into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine (not shown).
  • control valve 117 and the injector nozzle 127 are preferably closed by a spring force provided by a spring 137.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detail view in a sectional view of an antechamber 201 of an injector 203 according to the prior art, wherein the known vestibule 201 is at least partially constructed similar to the antechamber 111 of the injector 101 Fig. 1 , In that regard, the same reference numbers are used for the same elements at the appropriate place.
  • Fig. 2 shows the in Fig. 1 not shown fluid return line, which is here designated by the reference numeral 205.
  • the fuel located in the antechamber 201 is shown hatched for a better overview.
  • An essential difference between the known antechamber 201 and the antechamber 111 of the injector 101 according to the invention is that the membrane which seals the piezoelectric actuator 105 from the antechamber 201 in a fluid-tight manner is not designed as a double-walled membrane but as a single-walled membrane 207.
  • a pressure change which forms due to the moving fluid column, can not be compensated insofar, which brings the known and mentioned disadvantages with it.
  • Fig. 3 now shows a detailed view in a sectional view of the antechamber 111 of the injector 101 Fig. 1 , A fuel is shown hatched here.
  • the double-walled membrane 109 which seals the piezoelectric actuator 105 fluid-tight with respect to the antechamber 111, so that in an advantageous manner no fluid can penetrate into the actuator housing 107.
  • the double-walled membrane 109 is preferably welded to the actuator housing 107, but may also be glued to it or both.
  • a compressible medium 301 is arranged in the volume formed by the double wall. When the pressure in the antechamber 111 increases, the compressible medium 301 is compressed.
  • the compressible medium 301 expands.
  • a pressure change in the antechamber 111 can be compensated, so that in front of the double-walled membrane 109 constant, always the same pressure conditions prevail.
  • adulterations in the amount of fluid injection can be advantageously avoided, which would otherwise be due to multiple injection or after a longer service life, when gas has accumulated in front of the membrane 109, may occur.
  • the double-walled membrane 109 can also be referred to as a pressure compensation means.
  • the compressible medium 301 may be, for example, a gas or a foam, in particular a closed-pore foam.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further non-inventive embodiment of the vestibule 111 in a sectional view.
  • a fuel is shown hatched here.
  • no double-walled membrane is analogous to the sealing of the piezoelectric actuator 105 Fig. 3 but a single-walled membrane 401.
  • a compressible ring 403 is formed, which is arranged in the antechamber 111.
  • the compressible ring 403 includes a compressible body 405 in which a compressible medium 407 is disposed.
  • the body 405 seals the compressible medium 407 from the antechamber 111.
  • the compressible medium 407 may preferably be a gas and / or a foam, in particular a closed-pore foam.
  • both a double-walled membrane analogous to Fig. 3 be formed to seal the piezoelectric actuator 105 relative to the vestibule 111 and a compressible ring analogous to Fig. 4
  • a compressible cube, a compressible ball and / or one or more compressible partial rings may be formed in addition to or instead of the compressible ring.
  • the respective compressible medium in the respective bodies may be the same or different.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP11189468.9A 2011-01-13 2011-11-17 Injektor Not-in-force EP2476891B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011008467.3A DE102011008467B4 (de) 2011-01-13 2011-01-13 Injektor mit Druckausgleichsmitteln

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2476891A1 EP2476891A1 (de) 2012-07-18
EP2476891B1 true EP2476891B1 (de) 2015-04-01

Family

ID=45375165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11189468.9A Not-in-force EP2476891B1 (de) 2011-01-13 2011-11-17 Injektor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20120180755A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2476891B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102588172B (zh)
DE (1) DE102011008467B4 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013214758B4 (de) * 2013-07-29 2023-04-20 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Anordnung zur Ölversorgung eines Automatgetriebes
DE102014225642B4 (de) 2014-12-12 2016-06-30 Continental Automotive Gmbh Ventilanordnung und Hochdruckpumpe für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120180755A1 (en) 2012-07-19
EP2476891A1 (de) 2012-07-18
CN102588172B (zh) 2016-03-30
CN102588172A (zh) 2012-07-18
DE102011008467B4 (de) 2014-01-02
DE102011008467A1 (de) 2012-07-19

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