EP2474563A1 - Polyurethan und Polyharnstoff auf der Basis von Polyisobutylen - Google Patents
Polyurethan und Polyharnstoff auf der Basis von Polyisobutylen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2474563A1 EP2474563A1 EP12162484A EP12162484A EP2474563A1 EP 2474563 A1 EP2474563 A1 EP 2474563A1 EP 12162484 A EP12162484 A EP 12162484A EP 12162484 A EP12162484 A EP 12162484A EP 2474563 A1 EP2474563 A1 EP 2474563A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- primary
- terminated
- pib
- polyisobutylene
- terminated polyisobutylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 315
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229920003226 polyurethane urea Polymers 0.000 title description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical group C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical class [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 55
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 34
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 26
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 21
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate group Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 10
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 10
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- -1 HOCH2-PIB-CH2OH Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 5
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000746 allylic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- HYWCXWRMUZYRPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-2-enyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)CC=C HYWCXWRMUZYRPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UWKQJZCTQGMHKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=N1 UWKQJZCTQGMHKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C#N MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OZMJXAQDMVDWBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid;ethyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(O)=O.CCOC(N)=O OZMJXAQDMVDWBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyano prop-2-enoate Chemical group C=CC(=O)OC#N NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006197 hydroboration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyl chloride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(Cl)=O VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003444 phase transfer catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FYRHIOVKTDQVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium phthalimide Chemical compound [K+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)[N-]C(=O)C2=C1 FYRHIOVKTDQVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000000075 primary alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DNAJDTIOMGISDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]CC=C DNAJDTIOMGISDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003106 tissue adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ALCBXUVBKQTPAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-bromopropyl)-4-(1-phenylethenyl)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCBr)=CC=C1C(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ALCBXUVBKQTPAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- IPZJQDSFZGZEOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylmethylene Chemical compound C[C]C IPZJQDSFZGZEOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006698 hydrazinolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- BYXYCUABYHCYLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoindole-1,3-dione;potassium Chemical compound [K].C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 BYXYCUABYHCYLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010550 living polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WLHQHAUOOXYABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lornoxicam Chemical compound OC=1C=2SC(Cl)=CC=2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 WLHQHAUOOXYABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F10/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F10/08—Butenes
- C08F10/10—Isobutene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/013—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C19/00—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C19/075—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing bromine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/04—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups
- C07C209/06—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms
- C07C209/08—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/01—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C31/00—Saturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C31/18—Polyhydroxylic acyclic alcohols
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F8/06—Oxidation
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/26—Removing halogen atoms or halogen-containing groups from the molecule
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
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- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
- C08F8/32—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups by reaction with amines
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/62—Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08G18/6204—Polymers of olefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F110/08—Butenes
- C08F110/10—Isobutene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
- C08F2810/30—Chemical modification of a polymer leading to the formation or introduction of aliphatic or alicyclic unsaturated groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
- C08F2810/40—Chemical modification of a polymer taking place solely at one end or both ends of the polymer backbone, i.e. not in the side or lateral chains
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene (PIB) compounds, and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene compounds, and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to polyisobutylene compounds that can be used to synthesize polyurethanes, to polyurethane compounds made via the use of such polyisobutylene compounds, and to processes for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene compounds having two or more primary alcohol termini and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary terminated polyisobutylene compounds having two or more primary termini selected from amine groups or methacrylate groups.
- PUs polyurethanes
- chemical companies e.g., Dow, DuPont, BASF, and Mitsui
- Polyurethanes are used in a wide variety of industrial and clinical applications in the form of, for example, thermoplastics, rubbers, foams, upholstery, tubing, and various biomaterials.
- PUs are made by combining three ingredients: (1) a diol (such as tetramethylene oxide); (2) a diisocyanate (such as 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate); and (3) an extender (such as 1,4-butane diol).
- a diol such as tetramethylene oxide
- a diisocyanate such as 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
- an extender such as 1,4-butane diol
- 1,4-butane diol 1,4-butane diol
- polyurethanes contain a soft (rubbery) and a hard (crystalline) component; and the properties of PUs depend on the nature and relative concentration of the soft/hard components.
- Binder et al. (see, e.g ., D. Machl, M. J. Kunz and W. H. Binder, Polymer Preprints, 2003, 44(2), p. 85 ) initiated the living polymerization of isobutylene under well-known conditions, terminated the polymer with 1-(3-bromopropyl)-4-(1-phenylvinyl)-benzene, and effected a complicated series of reactions on the product to obtain amine-terminated PIBs. Complex structures very different from those disclosed herein were obtained and the above method did not yield amine-terminated telechelic PIB compounds that carry 1.0 ⁇ 0.05 functional groups.
- the present invention generally relates to alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene (PIB) compounds, and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene compounds, and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to polyisobutylene compounds that can be used to synthesize polyurethanes, to polyurethane compounds made via the use of such polyisobutylene compounds, and to processes for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene compounds having two or more primary alcohol termini and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary terminated polyisobutylene compounds having two or more primary termini selected from amine groups or methacrylate groups.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene compound comprising the steps of: (A) providing an alkenyl-terminated polyisobutylene having at least two alkenyl termini, wherein the alkenyl termini are formed from straight or branched C 3 to C 12 alkenyl groups having a double bond present at the end of the alkenyl group; (B) subjecting the alkenyl-terminated polyisobutylene to anti-Markovnikov bromination to form a primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound having at least two primary bromine termini; (C) converting the primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound to a primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene via a base reaction, the primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene having at least two primary alcohol termini; and (D) recovering the primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene.
- the present invention relates to a primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene compound according to the following formula: ⁇ C(CH 3 ) 2 -[CH 2 -C(CH 3 ) 2 ] n -R-OH
- ⁇ represents the remaining portion of a linear, star, hyperbranched, or arborescent molecule
- n is an integer from 2 to about 5,000
- R is a straight or branched C 3 to C 12 linkage formed from a corresponding straight or branched C 3 to C 12 alkenyl group having a double bond present at the end of the alkenyl group
- the primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene has at least two primary alcohol termini.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a primary methacrylate-terminated polyisobutylene compound comprising the steps of: (a) providing an alkenyl-terminated polyisobutylene having at least two alkenyl termini, wherein the alkenyl termini are formed from straight or branched C 3 to C 12 alkenyl groups having a double bond present at the end of the alkenyl group; (b) subjecting the alkenyl-terminated polyisobutylene to anti-Markovnikov bromination to form a primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound having at least two primary bromine termini; (c) converting the primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound to a primary methacrylate-terminated polyisobutylene via a reaction with at least one alkaline methacrylate compound, the primary methacrylate-terminated polyisobutylene having at least two primary methacrylate termini; and (d) recovering the primary
- the present invention relates to a primary methacrylate-terminated polyisobutylene compound according to the following formula: ⁇ C(CH 3 ) 2 -[CH 2 -C(CH 3 ) 2 ] n -R-Ma
- ⁇ represents the remaining portion of a linear, star, hyperbranched, or arborescent molecule
- n is an integer from 2 to about 5,000
- R is a straight or branched C 3 to C 12 linkage formed from a corresponding straight or branched C 3 to C 12 alkenyl group having a double bond present at the end of the alkenyl group
- Ma represents a methacrylate termini
- the primary methacrylate-terminated polyisobutylene has at least two primary methacrylate termini.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a primary amine-terminated polyisobutylene compound comprising the steps of: (i) providing an alkenyl-terminated polyisobutylene having at least two alkenyl termini, wherein the alkenyl termini are formed from straight or branched C 3 to C 12 alkenyl groups having a double bond present at the end of the alkenyl group; (ii) subjecting the alkenyl-terminated polyisobutylene to anti-Markovnikov bromination to form a primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound having at least two primary bromine termini; (iii) converting the primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound to a primary phthalimide-terminated polyisobutylene via a reaction with at least one alkaline phthalimide compound, the primary phthalimide-terminated polyisobutylene having at least two primary phthalimide termini; (iv)
- the present invention relates to a primary amine-terminated polyisobutylene compound according to the following formula: ⁇ C(CH 3 ) 2 -[CH 2 -C(CH 3 ) 2 ] n -R-NH 2 where ⁇ represents the remaining portion of a linear, star, hyperbranched, or arborescent molecule, n is an integer from 2 to about 5,000, and R is a straight or branched C 3 to C 12 linkage formed from a corresponding straight or branched C 3 to C 12 alkenyl group having a double bond present at the end of the alkenyl group, and where the primary amine-terminated polyisobutylene has at least two primary methacrylate termini.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound comprising the steps of: providing an alkenyl-terminated polyisobutylene having at least two alkenyl termini, wherein the alkenyl termini are formed from straight or branched C 3 to C 12 alkenyl groups having a double bond present at the end of the alkenyl group; subjecting the alkenyl-terminated polyisobutylene to anti-Markovnikov bromination to form a primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound having at least two primary bromine termini; and recovering the primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene.
- the present invention relates to a primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene compound according to the following formula: ⁇ C(CH 3 ) 2 -[CH 2 -C(CH 3 ) 2 ] n -R-Br
- ⁇ represents the remaining portion of a linear, star, hyperbranched, or arborescent molecule
- n is an integer from 2 to about 5,000
- R is a straight or branched C 3 to C 12 linkage formed from a corresponding straight or branched C 3 to C 12 alkenyl group having a double bond present at the end of the alkenyl group
- the primary bromine-terminated polyisobutylene has at least two primary bromine termini.
- the present invention generally relates to alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene (PIB) compounds, and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene compounds, and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to polyisobutylene compounds that can be used to synthesize polyurethanes, to polyurethane compounds made via the use of such polyisobutylene compounds, and to processes for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene compounds having two or more primary alcohol termini and to a process for making such compounds.
- the present invention relates to primary terminated polyisobutylene compounds having two or more primary termini selected from amine groups or methacrylate groups.
- the present invention specifically discloses a method for producing various PIB molecules-terminated with one -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH group
- the present invention is not limited thereto. Rather, the present invention can be used to produce a wide variety of PIB molecular geometries, where such molecules are-terminated with one or more primary alcohols.
- the primary alcohols that can be used as terminating groups in the present invention include, but are not limited to, any straight or branched chain primary alcohol substituent group having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, or from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, or from 1 to about 8, or from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, or even from about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms.
- any straight or branched chain primary alcohol substituent group having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, or from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, or from 1 to about 8, or from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, or even from about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- the present invention relates to linear, or star-shaped, or hyperbranched, or arborescent PIB compounds, where such compounds contain one or more primary alcohol-terminated segments.
- Such molecular geometries are known in the art, and a discussion herein is omitted for the sake of brevity.
- the present invention relates to star-shaped molecules that contain a center cyclic group (e.g., an aromatic group) to which three or more primary alcohol-terminated PIB arms are attached.
- the present invention relates to the production and/or manufacture of various PIB compounds and polyurethane compounds made therefrom.
- the first step involves the polymerization of isobutylene to tert-chlorine-terminated PIB by the 1,3,5-tri(2-methoxyisopropyl)benzene/TiCl 4 system under a blanket of N 2 in a dry-box.
- a mixed solvent n-hexane/methyl chloride, 60/40 v/v
- 2,6-di-t-butyl pyridine 0.007 M
- 1,3,5-tri(2-methoxyisopropyl)benzene 0.044M
- a 100 mL three-neck flask is charged with heptane (50 mL) and allyltelechelic polyisobutylene (10 grams), and air is bubbled through the solution for 30 minutes at 100°C to activate the allylic end groups. Then the solution is cooled to approximately -10°C and HBr gas is bubbled through the system for 10 minutes.
- Dry HBr is generated by the reaction of aqueous (47%) hydrogen bromide and sulfuric acid (95 to 98%). After neutralizing the solution with aqueous NaHCO 3 (10%), the product is washed 3 times with water. Finally the solution is dried over magnesium sulfate for at least 12 hours ( i.e ., over night) and filtered. The solvent is then removed via a rotary evaporator. The product is a clear viscous liquid.
- Figure 1A shows the 1 H NMR spectrum of the allyl-terminated PIB and the primary bromine-terminated PIB product ( Figure 1 B) .
- the formulae and the group assignments are indicated below for Figures 1A and 1B .
- n is an integer from 2 to about 5,000, or from about 7 to about 4,500, or from about 10 to about 4,000, or from about 15 to about 3,500, or from about 25 to about 3,000, or from about 75 to about 2,500, or from about 100 to about 2,000, or from about 250 to about 1,500, or even from about 500 to about 1,000.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- the present invention is not limited to solely the use of allyl-terminated compounds, shown above, in the alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene production process disclosed herein. Instead, other straight or branched C 3 to C 12 , C 4 to C 10 , or even C 5 to C 7 alkenyl groups can be used so long as one double bond in such alkenyl groups is present at the end of the chain.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- alkenyl groups of the present invention contain only one double bond and this double bond is at the end of the chain as described above.
- the conversion of the terminal bromine product to a terminal primary hydroxyl group is performed by nucleophilic substitution on the bromine.
- a round bottom flask equipped with a stirrer is charged with a solution of ⁇ -(PIB-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -Br) 3 in THF. Then an aqueous solution of NaOH is added, and the charge is stirred for 2 hours at room temperature.
- a phase transfer catalyst such as tetraethyl ammonium bromide can be added to speed up the reaction.
- the product is then washed 3 times with water, dried over magnesium sulfate overnight and filtered. Finally the solvent is removed via the use of a rotary evaporator.
- the product, a primary alcohol-terminated PIB product is a clear viscous liquid.
- the present invention relates to a process for producing halogen-terminated PIBs (e.g., chlorine-terminated PIBs rather than the bromine containing compounds discussed above). These halogen-terminated PIBs can also be utilized in above process and converted to primary alcohol-terminated PIB compounds. Additionally, as is noted above, the present invention relates to the use of such PIB compounds in the production of polyurethanes, as well as a variety of other polymeric end products, such as methacrylates (via a reaction with methacryloyl chloride), hydrophobic adhesives (e.g ., cyanoacrylate derivatives), epoxy resins, polyesters, etc.
- halogen-terminated PIBs e.g., chlorine-terminated PIBs rather than the bromine containing compounds discussed above.
- halogen-terminated PIBs can also be utilized in above process and converted to primary alcohol-terminated PIB compounds.
- the present invention relates to the use of such PI
- the primary halogen-terminated PIB compounds of the present invention can be converted into PIB compounds that contain end epoxy groups, amine groups, etc. Previous efforts to inexpensively prepare primary halogen-terminated PIB compounds were fruitless and only resulted in compounds with tertiary terminal halogens.
- the primary alcohol-terminated PIBs are useful intermediates in the preparation of polyurethanes by reaction via conventional techniques, i.e ., by the use of known isocyanates (e.g ., 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, MDI) and chain extension agents (e.g ., 1,4-butane diol, BDO).
- isocyanates e.g ., 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, MDI
- chain extension agents e.g ., 1,4-butane diol, BDO.
- PUs polyurethanes
- the primary terminal OH groups can be further derivatized to yield additional useful derivatives. For example, they can be converted to terminal cyanoacrylate groups which can be attached to living tissue and in this manner new tissue adhesives can be prepared.
- the starting PIB segment can be mono-, di- tri, and multi-functional, and in this manner one can prepare di-terminal, tri-terminal, or other PIB derivatives.
- the present invention makes it possible to prepare ⁇ , ⁇ di-terminal (telechelic), tri-terminal, or other PIB derivatives.
- arborescent-PIB arborescent-PIB (arb-PIB) that can carry many primary halogen termini, all of which can be converted to primary alcohol groups.
- reaction steps can be used to produce a primary alcohol-terminated PIB compound according to the present invention.
- the present invention relates to primary terminated polyisobutylene compounds having two or more primary termini selected from an amine groups or methacrylate groups.
- the following embodiments can be applied to linear, star, hyperbranched, or arborescent molecules with the number of repeating units in the PIB portion of such molecules being the same as defined as noted above.
- the present invention is not limited to solely the use of allyl-terminated compounds in the methacrylate-terminated polyisobutylene production process disclosed herein. Instead, other straight or branched C 3 to C 12 , C 4 to C 10 , or even C 5 to C 7 alkenyl groups can be used so long as one double bond in such alkenyl groups is present at the end of the chain.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- alkenyl groups of the present invention contain only one double bond and this double bond is at the end of the chain as described above.
- the synthesis of PIB-(CH 2 ) 3 -NH 2 involves two steps: (a) substitution of the terminal primary bromine to phthalimide-terminated polyisobutylene (PIB-(CH 2 ) 3 -phthalimide); and (b) hydrazinolysis of the phthalimide terminated polyisobutylene to primary amine-terminated polyisobutylene (PIB-(CH 2 ) 3 -NH 2 ).
- PIB-(CH 2 ) 3 -phthalimide dissolved in a mixture of 20 mL heptane and 20 mL of ethanol is added 3 grams of hydrazine hydrate. This mixture is then refluxed at 105°C for 5 hours. Then the charge is diluted with 50 mL hexanes and washed 3 times with excess water. The organic layer is separated, washed three times with distilled water and dried over MgSO 4 . The hexanes are removed by a rotavap and the polymer is dried under vacuum. The yield of PIB-(CH 2 ) 3 -NH 2 is 0.96 grams.
- the present invention is not limited to solely the use of allyl-terminated compounds, shown above, in the amine-terminated polyisobutylene production process disclosed herein. Instead other straight or branched C 3 to C 12 , C 4 to C 10 , or even C 5 to C 7 alkenyl groups can be used so long as one double bond in such alkenyl groups is present at the end of the chain.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- alkenyl groups of the present invention contain only one double bond and this double bond is at the end of the chain as described above.
- the present invention relates to a polyisobutylenes having at least two primary bromine termini as shown in the formula below: ⁇ C(CH 3 ) 2 -[CH 2 -C(CH 3 ) 2 ] n -R 3 -Br where ⁇ represents the remaining portion of a linear, star, hyperbranched, or arborescent molecule and n is defined as noted above.
- ⁇ can in some instances represent another bromine atom in order to permit the production of substantially linear di-terminal primary alcohol PIBs.
- R 3 represents the remainder of the alkenyl group left after subjecting a suitable alkenyl-terminated compound to an anti-Markovnikov bromination step in accordance with the present invention.
- R 3 could be either a straight or branched C 3 to C 12 , C 4 to C 10 , or even C 5 to C 7 alkyl group (the result of the "starting" alkenyl group having only one double bond, with such double bond being present at the end of the chain as described above).
- R 3 could be either a straight or branched C 3 to C 12 , C 4 to C 10 , or even C 5 to C 7 alkenyl group (the result of the "starting" alkenyl group having two or more double bonds, with one of the double bonds being present at the end of the chain as described above).
- PIBs amine-telechelic polyisobutylenes
- R 4 is as defined below.
- the present invention relates to alcohol-telechelic PIBs that carry a certain amount of functional primary alcohol end groups (-OH).
- each and every terminus of a polymer molecule is fitted with a functional end group.
- the functional end groups of the present invention are hydroxyl or amine end groups.
- each chain end of a hydroxyl- or an amine-telechelic PIB molecule carries about 1.0 ⁇ 0.05 functional groups ( i.e ., a total of about 2.0 ⁇ 0.05, i.e ., better than about 95 mole percent).
- PIBs amine-telechelic polyisobutylenes
- R 4 is selected from linear or branched C 1 to C 20 alkyl group, a linear or branched C 2 to C 20 alkenyl group, a linear or branched C 2 to C 20 alkynyl group.
- R 4 is selected from linear or branched C 1 to C 10 alkyl group, a linear or branched C 2 to C 10 alkenyl group, a linear or branched C 2 to C 10 alkynyl group, or even C 1 to C 5 alkyl group, a linear or branched C 2 to C 6 alkenyl group, a linear or branched C 2 to C 6 alkynyl group.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- R 4 is selected from either a methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl group, or even a methyl or ethyl group.
- the simplest telechelic PIB molecule is the ditelechelic structure; for example, a PIB fitted with one -NH 2 group at either end of the molecule: H 2 N-PIB-NH 2 .
- a PIB carrying only one -NH 2 terminus i.e ., PIB-NH 2
- PIB-NH 2 is not an amine-telechelic PIB within the definition known to those of skill in the art.
- a three-arm star amine-telechelic PIB (i.e., a tri-telechelic PIB) carries three -NH 2 groups, one -NH 2 group at each arm end: abbreviated R 5 (PIB-NH 2 ) 3 , where the R 5 is selected from any tri-substituted aromatic group.
- R 5 in the case of a three-arm star amine-telechelic PIB, R 5 can be any suitable functional group that can be tri-substituted with three PIB-NH 2 groups.
- a hyperbranched or arborescent amine-telechelic PIB carries many -NH 2 termini, because all the branch ends carry an -NH 2 terminus (multi-telechelic PIB).
- Molecules with less than about 1.0 ⁇ 0.05 hydroxyl or amine groups per chain end, and synthesis methods that yield less than about 1.0 ⁇ 0.05 hydroxyl or amine groups per chain end are of little or no practical interest in the production of compounds for use in the production of polyurethanes and/or polyureas.
- This stringent requirement must be met because these telechelic PIBs are designed to be used as intermediates for the production of polyurethanes and polyureas, and precise starting material stoichiometry is required for the preparation of polyurethane and/or polyurea compounds having optimum mechanical properties.
- precise ( i.e ., about 1.0 ⁇ 0.05) terminal functionality the preparation of high quality polyurethanes and polyureas is not possible.
- Polymers obtained by the reaction of hydroxy-ditelechelic PIB (i.e ., HO-PIB-OH) and diisocyanates (e.g ., MDI) contain urethane (carbamate) linkages: ⁇ OH + OCN ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ O-CO-NH ⁇ and are called polyurethanes, where in this case --- represents the remainder of the polyurethane molecule.
- polymers prepared by amine-ditelechelic PIB (H 2 N-PIB-NH 2 ) plus diisocyanates contain urea linkages: ⁇ NH 2 + OCN ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ NH-CO-NH ⁇ and are called polyureas, where in this case ⁇ represents the remainder of the polyurea molecule.
- the present invention specifically discloses a method for producing various alcohol-telechelic PIBs and amine-telechelic PIBs terminated with at least two alcohol or amine groups
- the present invention is not limited thereto. Rather, the present invention can be used to produce a wide variety of PIB molecular geometries, where such molecules are terminated with two or more primary alcohols or two or more amine groups be they primary amine groups, secondary amine groups, or tertiary amine groups.
- the primary alcohols that can be used as terminating groups in the present invention include, but are not limited to, any straight or branched chain primary alcohol substituent group having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, or from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, or from 1 to about 8, or from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, or even from about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms.
- any straight or branched chain primary alcohol substituent group having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, or from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, or from 1 to about 8, or from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, or even from about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- the present invention relates to linear, or star-shaped, or hyperbranched, or arborescent PIB compounds, where such compounds contain two or more primary alcohol-terminated segments, amine-terminated segments, or amine-containing segments.
- Such molecular geometries are known in the art, and a discussion herein is omitted for the sake of brevity.
- the present invention relates to star-shaped molecules that contain a center cyclic group (e.g. , an aromatic group) to which three or more primary alcohol-terminated PIB arms are attached, or three or more amine-containing PIB arms are attached.
- the present invention relates to the production and/or manufacture of various primary alcohol-terminated PIB compounds and polyurethane compounds made therefrom.
- the first step involves the polymerization of isobutylene to tert-chlorine-terminated PIB by the 1,3,5-tri(2-methoxyisopropyl)benzene/TiCl 4 system under a blanket of N 2 in a dry-box.
- a mixed solvent n-hexane/methyl chloride, 60/40 v/v
- 2,6-di-t-butyl pyridine 0.007 M
- 1,3,5-tri(2-rnethoxyisopropyl)benzene 0.044M
- a 100 mL three-neck flask is charged with heptane (50 mL) and allyl-telechelic polyisobutylene (10 grams), and air is bubbled through the solution for 30 minutes at 100°C to activate the allylic end groups. Then the solution is cooled to approximately -10°C and HBr gas is bubbled through the system for 10 minutes.
- Dry HBr is generated by the reaction of aqueous (47%) hydrogen bromide and sulfuric acid (95 to 98%). After neutralizing the solution with aqueous NaHCO 3 (10%), the product is washed 3 times with water. Finally the solution is dried over magnesium sulfate for at least 12 hours ( i.e ., over night) and filtered. The solvent is then removed via a rotary evaporator. The product is a clear viscous liquid.
- Figure 1A shows the 1 H NMR spectrum of the allyl-terminated PIB and the primary bromine-terminated PIB product ( Figure 1B ).
- the formulae and the group assignments are indicated below for Figures 1A and 1B .
- n is an integer from 2 to about 5,000, or from about 7 to about 4,500, or from about 10 to about 4,000, or from about 15 to about 3,500, or from about 25 to about 3,000, or from about 75 to about 2,500, or from about 100 to about 2,000, or from about 250 to about 1,500, or even from about 500 to about 1,000.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- the present invention is not limited to solely the use of allyl-terminated compounds, shown above, in the alcohol-terminated polyisobutylene production process disclosed herein. Instead, other straight or branched C 3 to C 12 , C 4 to C 10 , or even C 5 to C 7 alkenyl groups can be used so long as one double bond in such alkenyl groups is present at the end of the chain.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- alkenyl groups of the present invention contain only one double bond and this double bond is at the end of the chain as described above.
- the conversion of the terminal bromine product to a terminal primary hydroxyl group is performed by nucleophilic substitution on the bromine.
- a round bottom flask equipped with a stirrer is charged with a solution of ⁇ -(PIB-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -Br) 3 in THF. Then an aqueous solution of NaOH is added, and the charge is stirred for 2 hours at room temperature.
- a phase transfer catalyst such as tetraethyl ammonium bromide can be added to speed up the reaction.
- the product is then washed 3 times with water, dried over magnesium sulfate overnight and filtered. Finally the solvent is removed via the use of a rotary evaporator.
- the product, a primary alcohol-terminated PIB product is a clear viscous liquid.
- the present invention relates to a process for producing halogen-terminated PIBs (e.g ., chlorine-terminated PIBs rather than the bromine containing compounds discussed above). These halogen-terminated PIBs can also be utilized in above process and converted to primary alcohol-terminated PIB compounds. Additionally, as is noted above, the present invention relates to the use of such PIB compounds in the production of polyurethanes, as well as a variety of other polymeric end products, such as methacrylates (via a reaction with methacryloyl chloride), hydrophobic adhesives (e.g ., cyanoacrylate derivatives), epoxy resins, polyesters, etc.
- halogen-terminated PIBs e.g ., chlorine-terminated PIBs rather than the bromine containing compounds discussed above.
- halogen-terminated PIBs can also be utilized in above process and converted to primary alcohol-terminated PIB compounds.
- the present invention relates to the use of such
- the primary halogen-terminated PIB compounds of the present invention can be converted into PIB compounds that contain end epoxy groups, amine groups, etc. Previous efforts to inexpensively prepare primary halogen-terminated PIB compounds were fruitless and only resulted in compounds with tertiary terminal halogens.
- the primary alcohol-terminated PIBs are useful intermediates in the preparation of polyurethanes by reaction via conventional techniques, i.e. , by the use of known isocyanates (e.g ., 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, MDI) and chain extension agents (e.g ., 1,4-butane diol, BDO).
- isocyanates e.g ., 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, MDI
- chain extension agents e.g ., 1,4-butane diol, BDO.
- PUs polyurethanes
- the primary terminal OH groups can be further derivatized to yield additional useful derivatives. For example, they can be converted to terminal cyanoacrylate groups which can be attached to living tissue and in this manner new tissue adhesives can be prepared.
- the starting PIB segment can be mono-, di- tri, and multi-functional, and in this manner one can prepare di-terminal, tri-terminal, or other PIB derivatives.
- the present invention makes it possible to prepare ⁇ , ⁇ di-terminal (telechelic), tri-terminal, or other PIB derivatives.
- arborescent-PIB arborescent-PIB (arb-PIB) that can carry many primary halogen termini, all of which can be converted to primary alcohol groups.
- reaction steps can be used to produce a primary alcohol-terminated PIB compound according to the present invention.
- n and m are each independently selected from an integer in the range of from 2 to about 5,000, or from about 7 to about 4,500, or from about 10 to about 4,000, or from about 15 to about 3,500, or from about 25 to about 3,000, or from about 75 to about 2,500, or from about 100 to about 2,000, or from about 250 to about 1,500, or even from about 500 to about 1,000.
- n and m are each independently selected from an integer in the range of from 2 to about 5,000, or from about 7 to about 4,500, or from about 10 to about 4,000, or from about 15 to about 3,500, or from about 25 to about 3,000, or from about 75 to about 2,500, or from about 100 to about 2,000, or from about 250 to about 1,500, or even from about 500 to about 1,000.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- the above compound can be produced from a corresponding brominated structure as shown above in (C).
- the following chemical equations summarize the synthesis method for the above compound: where n and m are each independently selected from an integer in the range of from 2 to about 5,000, or from about 7 to about 4,500, or from about 10 to about 4,000, or from about 15 to about 3,500, or from about 25 to about 3,000, or from about 75 to about 2,500, or from about 100 to about 2,000, or from about 250 to about 1,500, or even from about 500 to about 1,000.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- reaction conditions at A are: 30 grams of polymer, 150 mL of heptane (103 grams), reflux at 110°C for 30 minutes, followed by passing HBr over the polymer solutions for 5 minutes at 0°C.
- the Allyl-PIB-Allyl is then converted to the telechelic primary bromide, Br-(CH 2 ) 3 -PIB-(CH 2 ) 3 -Br, as described in above.
- the Br-(CH 2 ) 3 -PIB-(CH 2 ) 3 -Br is converted by using: (1) potassium phthalimide; and (2) hydrazine hydrate to yield the target ditelechelic amine: NH 2 -(CH 2 ) 3 -PIB-(CH 2 ) 3 -NH 2 .
- the phthalimide-telechelic polyisobutylene (14 grams, 0.0025 moles) is dissolved in 280 mL of heptane, then 280 mL of ethanol and hydrazine hydrate (3.2 grams, 0.1 moles) are added thereto, and the solution is heated to reflux at 110°C for 6 hours.
- the product is dissolved in hexanes, extracted 3 times with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and the hexanes are removed by a rotavap.
- the structure of the target product is ascertained by 1 H NMR spectroscopy.
- Figure 3 shows the 1 H NMR spectrum of amine-telechelic polyisobutylene together with assignments.
- HO-PIB-OH The synthesis of HO-PIB-OH is as described above.
- the polyurethane is obtained by reaction of the HO-PIB-OH with methylene-bis-phenyl isocyanate (MDI).
- MDI methylene-bis-phenyl isocyanate
- n and m are each independently selected from an integer in the range of from 2 to about 5,000, or from about 7 to about 4,500, or from about 10 to about 4,000, or from about 15 to about 3,500, or from about 25 to about 3,000, or from about 75 to about 2,500, or from about 100 to about 2,000, or from about 250 to about 1,500, or even from about 500 to about 1,000.
- individual range limits can be combined to form alternative non-disclosed range limits.
- the polyurethane product is a pale yellow supple rubbery sheet, soluble in THF. Manual examination reveals good mechanical properties.
- the weight loss is experimentally determined by removing the pre-weighed samples from the nitric acid, rinsing them thoroughly with water, drying them till weight constancy (approximately 24 hours), and weighed again.
- a "control" polyurethane prepared using a HO-PDMS-OH and MDI, and with another commercially available polyurethane (AorTech Biomaterials, Batch # 60802, E2A pellets sample).
- Table 1 summarizes the results of aggressive oxidative degradation test performed with PIB-, PDMS-based polyurethanes and a PIB-based polyurea.
- the oxidant is 65% HNO 3 at room temperature.
- TABLE 1 Materials Time of exposure to concentrated HNO 3 Weight Loss in Percent Observations PIB-Based (HO-PIB-OH) Polyurethane 1 hour 0 No visible change 4 hours 0 No visible change 24 hours 0 No visible change 48 hours 0 Deep brown discoloration, sample becomes weak PDMS-based (HO-PDMS-OH) Control Polyurethane 30 minutes 40 Sample disintegrates to pasty mass adhering to glass 2 hours 60 Sample largely dissolved, some discolored jelly mass remains 4 hours 90 Sample largely dissolved, some discolored jelly mass remains Commercial Polyurethane (AorTech) 30 minutes 50 Sample disintegrated, some discolored jelly mass remains 1.5 hours 70 Sample disintegrated, some discolored jelly mass remains 4 hours 95 Sample disintegrated, some discolored jelly mass remains PIB-Based (H
- the PIB-based polyurethanes and polyureas do not degrade after 24 hours when exposed to concentrated HNO 3 at room temperature. Oxidative resistance is demonstrated by the negligible weight loss of the polyurethane and polyurea films. After 48 hours exposure to concentrated HNO 3 both the PIB-based polyurethane and polyurea films exhibit deep brown discoloration and a visible weakening of the samples.
- control polyurethane prepared with HO-PDMS-OH/MDI and a commercial polyurethane (i.e., a material considered highly oxidatively stable) completely degrades, and becomes largely soluble in the acid after less than 4 hours of exposure.
- the spectacular oxidative resistance of the PIB-based polyurethane and polyurethane formed in accordance with the synthesis processes of the present invention is most likely due to the protection of the vulnerable urethane (carbamate) and urea bonds by the inert PIB chains/domains.
- the PDMS chains/domains cannot impart protection against the attack of the strong oxidizing acid.
- the oxidative stability of the polyurea is tested by exposing the sample to concentrated HNO 3 at room temperature (see Table 1 above). The last entry in Table 1 shows data relating to this Example. Evidently, the PIB-based polyurea resists oxidation under the harsh conditions detailed above for 24 hours.
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EP07862385.7A EP2099831B1 (de) | 2006-11-30 | 2007-11-30 | Polyisobutylene und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
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EP2499200A4 (de) * | 2009-11-11 | 2014-04-30 | Univ Akron | Polyurethane, polyharnstoffe und/oder polyurethan-polyharnstoffe auf polyisobutylenbasis sowie herstellungsverfahren dafür |
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EP2099831A1 (de) | 2009-09-16 |
CN102603938A (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
CA2670786A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
US20180066079A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
US20170174796A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 |
US20160090437A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
JP5661285B2 (ja) | 2015-01-28 |
CA2670786C (en) | 2015-06-23 |
EP2099831B1 (de) | 2019-07-31 |
CN101611065B (zh) | 2012-05-02 |
CN105628897A (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
KR20140066801A (ko) | 2014-06-02 |
CN102603938B (zh) | 2015-11-18 |
US9834622B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
US9587067B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
EP2474563B1 (de) | 2020-01-08 |
EP2099831A4 (de) | 2009-11-18 |
US20100130696A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
KR101519826B1 (ko) | 2015-05-27 |
CN101611065A (zh) | 2009-12-23 |
WO2008066914A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
US9359465B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 |
KR20090086129A (ko) | 2009-08-10 |
US20140005349A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 |
JP2010511745A (ja) | 2010-04-15 |
US8552118B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
KR20140070671A (ko) | 2014-06-10 |
US10005852B2 (en) | 2018-06-26 |
KR20140066800A (ko) | 2014-06-02 |
KR101537237B1 (ko) | 2015-07-16 |
KR101519831B1 (ko) | 2015-05-13 |
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