EP2451596B1 - Schlichte zur herstellung von formüberzügen - Google Patents

Schlichte zur herstellung von formüberzügen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2451596B1
EP2451596B1 EP10717104.3A EP10717104A EP2451596B1 EP 2451596 B1 EP2451596 B1 EP 2451596B1 EP 10717104 A EP10717104 A EP 10717104A EP 2451596 B1 EP2451596 B1 EP 2451596B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wash
hollow bodies
inorganic hollow
inorganic
core
Prior art date
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EP10717104.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2451596A1 (de
Inventor
Andreas Jattke
Thomas Linke
Klaus Seeger
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Huettenes Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH
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Huettenes Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH
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Application filed by Huettenes Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH filed Critical Huettenes Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH
Priority to PL10717104T priority Critical patent/PL2451596T3/pl
Publication of EP2451596A1 publication Critical patent/EP2451596A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
    • B22C1/14—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for separating the pattern from the mould

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a size for the production of mold coatings by application to inorganic or organic bonded moldings in lost molds or on cores for iron and steel casting.
  • Casting in a lost form is a common process for producing near-net shape components. After casting, the mold is destroyed and the casting is removed.
  • Shapes are negatives, they contain the emptying cavity, which results in the casting to be produced.
  • the inner contours of the future casting are formed by cores.
  • the cavity is shaped into the molding material by means of a model of the casting to be manufactured.
  • Inner contours are represented by cores formed in a separate core box.
  • refractory granular materials such as washed
  • classified quartz sand are used as molding materials.
  • Other materials include zirconium, chromite sands, chamottes, olivine sands, feldspathic sands and andalusite sands.
  • the molding materials are bound with inorganic or organic binders.
  • bentonites or other clays are used as inorganic binders.
  • the molded materials are compacted to increase the strength.
  • corresponding molding materials are also gassed for curing.
  • the curing of the binder can be done by heating the molding material and expelling a solvent, which then causes hardening.
  • the surfaces of the molds and cores are coated with a size.
  • Ready-to-use sizes for coating molds and cores are suspensions of fine-grained, refractory to highly refractory inorganic materials in a carrier liquid, e.g. Water or a solvent.
  • the size is applied by a suitable application method, for example spraying, dipping, flooding or brushing on the inner contour of the mold or on the core and dried there, so that a size coat (size film) is formed.
  • the drying of the size coat may be accomplished by the application of heat or radiant energy, e.g. by microwave radiation, or by drying in the room air done. In the case of solvent-containing sizing, the drying can also be carried out by burning off the solvent.
  • the aforementioned functions 1 to 3 are usually fulfilled by combinations of various suitable refractory materials.
  • fireproof materials and minerals are referred to here, which can withstand the temperature load during casting by a molten iron, as high refractory materials and minerals that can withstand the casting heat of a molten steel in the short term.
  • refractory material for example, mineral oxides such as corundum, magnesite, quartz, chromite and olivine, furthermore silicates such as zirconium silicate, chamotte, andalusites, pyrophyllite, kaolinite, mica and other clay minerals are used individually or in combination. Graphite and coke are also used.
  • the refractories are in a carrier liquid suspended. Solvents such as ethanol or isopropanol can serve as the carrier liquid, but today water is usually preferred as the carrier liquid.
  • suspending agents e.g. water swellable clays such as smectites, attapulgites or sepiolites or swellable organic thickeners such as e.g. Cellulose derivatives or polysaccharide.
  • a size includes a binder to fix the refractories on the molding material.
  • synthetic resins or synthetic resin dispersions are used here, e.g. Polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, polyvinyl acetates and corresponding copolymers. Natural resins, dextrins, starches and peptides can also be used as binders.
  • the aforementioned swellable clays can also take over the functions of the binder.
  • Finishes may contain further additives, in the case of aqueous sizes in particular preservatives and rheologically active additives and adjusters.
  • Rheologically active additives and / or adjusting agents are used to adjust the flowability of the size desired for processing.
  • wetting agents can also be used to achieve a better wetting of the molding material.
  • the person skilled in the art is familiar with ionic and nonionic wetting agents. For example, dioctylsulfosuccinates are used as ionic wetting agents and alkynediols or ethoxylated alkynediols are used as nonionic wetting agents.
  • gas errors such as from HG Levelink, FPMA Julien and HCJ de Man in Foundry 67 (1980) 109 described. caused by "exogenous” gases.
  • These "exogenous gases” arise mainly during the pyrolysis of organic binders on contact with the molten metal in the mold or the core. These gases generate a gas pressure in the molding material, which, if it exceeds the metallostatic back pressure, can lead to gas defects in the casting, usually in its upper region.
  • These gas bubbles usually have a smooth inner surface.
  • the sizing coating may peel off the core or mold if a high gas pressure due to pyrolysis of the molding material binder builds up in the core and the sizing presents high resistance to this pressure due to low gas permeability. If the gas pressure exceeds the adhesive forces of the sizing coating on the core or the mold, the sizing will be abated. Casting errors caused by melting in the melt size particles are the result.
  • borosilicate glass in the form of hollow microspheres ie hollow beads having a diameter in the order of preferably 5 to 500 .mu.m, more preferably 10 to 250 .mu.m, whose shell is constructed of borosilicate glass, is used. It is believed that the borosilicate glass melts under the influence of the temperature of the liquid metal and thereby cavities are released, which can compensate for the volume expansion of the molding material caused by the casting heat.
  • the softening point of the borosilicate glass is set in the range of less than 1500 ° C, particularly preferably in the range of 500 to 1000 ° C. When using these sizes, flaking off of the size coat under the influence of the liquid metal is unlikely to occur. In addition, it was found that no leaf ribs form and a smooth casting surface is obtained.
  • Sizing agents which have a content of inorganic hollow spheres of 1 to 40%, preferably of at least 4%, or even at least 10%, based on the weight of the ready-to-use sizing.
  • the hollow spheres consist, for example, of silicates, in particular of aluminum, calcium, magnesium and / or zirconium, of oxides such as aluminum oxide, quartz, magnesite, mullite, chromite, zirconium oxide and / or titanium oxide, of borides, carbides and nitrides such as silicon carbide, titanium carbide, titanium boride, Boron nitride and / or boron carbide, or carbon.
  • hollow spheres made of metal or glass can also be used. These hollow spheres are effective in several ways.
  • the dense packing of the base particles in the sizing which may be considered to be the main cause of the low gas permeability, is lightened by the beads and made more gas permeable.
  • the insulating properties of the hollow spheres and the gas-permeable size coatings cause a delayed heat transfer through the size in the molding material. Later, the hollow spheres melt in the casting heat and / or break under the casting pressure, causing numerous micro-defects in the size coat, thus increasing the gas permeability of the size coat.
  • the inorganic hollow body should have a high softening temperature, so that they do not melt during the casting process, and a higher mechanical stability than hollow spheres made of glass. Furthermore, it is desirable to reduce the need for hollow spheres without having to accept an increased incidence of casting defects.
  • Ready-to-use sizing is understood to mean that the base mass of the sizing has been diluted with a carrier liquid, for example water, such that one for coating molds or cores by means of one of the abovementioned techniques in the desired suspension is present in the desired layer thickness.
  • a carrier liquid for example water
  • the sizes to achieve the desired coating thickness of the size coat for example from 0.1 to 0.6 mm, are typically at viscosities of 11.5 seconds. to 16 sec. measured in a 4 mm immersion discharge cup diluted in accordance with DIN 23211.
  • other viscosities must be chosen accordingly.
  • the determination of suitable viscosities and layer thicknesses is one of the skills of the skilled person.
  • the inorganic materials of which the inorganic hollow bodies are formed are distinguished by the presence of X-ray diffraction analysis of detectable crystalline structures. That is, in the materials of the hollow body there are regions with three-dimensional periodic order, the extent of which is greater than the coherence length of the X-radiation (about 10 nm), so that in the X-ray diffraction analysis sharp reflections are observed.
  • the crystalline fraction is preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 20% by weight or more.
  • the material is the off WO 2007/025769 known hollow spheres of borosilicate glass non-crystalline, because glass is a supercooled melt, ie it is in the amorphous state.
  • the inorganic hollow bodies preferably have a softening point of 1000 ° C. or higher, preferably 1100 ° C. or higher, determined by means of a heating microscope. Particular preference is given to inorganic hollow bodies having a softening point between 1200 ° C. and 1450 ° C., determined by means of a heating microscope.
  • the determination of the softening point and the melting point of ceramics in a heating microscope is based on the measurement of the projection area of a cylindrical sample and its change with temperature.
  • the softening point is the temperature at which the first detectable melt phenomena occur, which are manifested by smoothing of rough surfaces and the beginning of edge rounding.
  • the hemisphere or melting point is the temperature at which the sample is deformed to a hemisphere by the formation of melt phases.
  • the inorganic hollow bodies of the size according to the invention which consist partially or completely of crystalline material, contain no boron oxides, which act as network formers for glasses, and thus also no borosilicate glass.
  • a network converter acting compounds such as sodium and potassium oxide, which also as Flux act and reduce the melting temperature, are at best contained as impurities. Therefore, in the sizings of the invention, the formation of low-melting compounds by reaction of the network converters and fluxes sodium oxide and potassium oxide and the network former boron oxide with platelet-shaped clay minerals and silicates usually contained in the sizing is suppressed.
  • the content of the compounds acting as fluxes and network converters is preferably less than 4% by weight of sodium oxide and / or potassium oxide.
  • the inorganic hollow bodies consist for example of silicates, preferably of aluminum, calcium, magnesium or zirconium, or of oxides, preferably aluminum oxide, quartz, mullite, chromite, zirconium oxide and titanium oxide, or of carbides, preferably silicon carbide or boron carbide or of nitrides, preferably boron nitride or mixtures of these materials, or mixtures of inorganic hollow bodies of these materials are used.
  • hollow bodies are meant, without limitation to the spherical shape arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional structures having a cavity inside which occupies 15% or more, preferably 40% or more, more preferably 70% or more of the volume of the three-dimensional structure.
  • This cavity can be completely enclosed by a shell of inorganic material, as in the case of hollow spheres, or incompletely enclosed, as in the case of a tube open at the ends, for example.
  • These inorganic hollow bodies are preferably hollow spheres having a diameter of less than 400 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 300 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the inorganic hollow bodies are characterized by a high mechanical stability, so that they can withstand the pressure load, which inevitably occurs in the production of sizes.
  • the inorganic hollow bodies to be used according to the invention preferably have compressive strengths of 10 MPa or higher, preferably of 25 MPa or higher.
  • the compressive strength of hollow bodies made of glass is generally lower than 10 MPa. So have in the embodiments of the WO2007 / 025769 used hollow microspheres a compressive strength of only 4 MPa.
  • the compressive strengths can be determined in an isostatic pressure test based on ASTM D3102-72.
  • inorganic hollow bodies in particular hollow spheres, having a Mohs hardness of 5 to 6.
  • hollow bodies in particular hollow spheres with a compressive strength of 25 MPa or more.
  • inorganic hollow body in particular hollow balls, with a cavity which occupies 70% or more of the total volume of the hollow body or the hollow sphere.
  • inorganic hollow body made of carbon preferably nano-hollow body made of carbon, for example carbon nanotubes (carbon nanotubes) and / or fullerenes. It is also possible to use mixtures of inorganic hollow bodies of carbon and inorganic hollow bodies of one or more of the other materials mentioned above.
  • the present invention also provides the use of a size according to the invention for the production of a coating on a mold or a core for use in the foundry.
  • the present invention also relates to a mold or a core for iron and steel casting, wherein the mold or the core on the casting metal surface facing a size coat comprising the drying product of a size according to the invention, wherein the thickness of the size coat 0.05 mm or more, preferably 0.15 mm or more and more preferably 0.25 to 0.6 mm, and the use of such a mold or such a core for producing an iron or cast steel piece.
  • those substances which can be assigned to more than one of the components (a) to (h) are to be assigned to the former of these components.
  • the sizings according to the invention are applied to the lost molds or cores, for example by dipping, flooding, spraying or brushing, and then dried, preferably by the application of heat or microwave radiation, so that sizing coatings are formed on the molds or cores.
  • Table 1 A size having the composition shown in Table 1 is prepared by mixing the components with a stirrer and then breaking up by shearing for 10 minutes with a high speed spinning dissolver. Corresponding production methods are known to the person skilled in the art and, for example, in the patent application WO 94/26440 described.
  • Table 1 material Simple basic approach [Share in weight%] water 53 Aluminum silicate refractory 15 clay mineral 5.8 mica 18 iron oxide 1 graphite 5 dextrin 0.5 actuating means 0.5 preservative 0.3 defoamers 0.5 wetting agent 0.4 total 100
  • Example C With a size according to Example C cores for the production of engine parts, which were manufactured by the cold box process, coated. For a batch of 500 pieces, no exogenous gas faults and, in particular, gas faults associated with slag were observed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
EP10717104.3A 2009-07-09 2010-04-21 Schlichte zur herstellung von formüberzügen Active EP2451596B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10717104T PL2451596T3 (pl) 2009-07-09 2010-04-21 Bielidło do wytwarzania pokryć form

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009032668A DE102009032668A1 (de) 2009-07-09 2009-07-09 Schlichte zur Herstellung von Formüberzügen
PCT/EP2010/055306 WO2011003637A1 (de) 2009-07-09 2010-04-21 Schlichte zur herstellung von formüberzügen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2451596A1 EP2451596A1 (de) 2012-05-16
EP2451596B1 true EP2451596B1 (de) 2013-10-16

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US (2) US8771412B2 (https=)
EP (1) EP2451596B1 (https=)
JP (2) JP2012532027A (https=)
CN (1) CN102481622B (https=)
DE (2) DE102009032668A1 (https=)
PL (1) PL2451596T3 (https=)
WO (1) WO2011003637A1 (https=)

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CN103764313B (zh) * 2011-09-13 2015-11-25 丰田自动车株式会社 被膜及其制造方法
CN102672098B (zh) * 2012-06-04 2013-09-25 杭州来氏铸造科技有限公司 一种消失模涂料及其制备方法
CN102728776A (zh) * 2012-06-08 2012-10-17 繁昌县琦祥铸造厂 一种低成本环保型砂及其制备方法
CN102836957A (zh) * 2012-08-31 2012-12-26 太仓科博尔精密铸业有限公司 一种消失模涂料及其制备方法
KR102171123B1 (ko) 2013-08-16 2020-10-29 더 엑스원 컴퍼니 ３차원 인쇄된 금속 주조용 몰드 및 그를 제조하기 위한 방법
US9192983B2 (en) * 2013-11-26 2015-11-24 General Electric Company Silicon carbide-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys
CN104128561B (zh) * 2014-07-30 2016-08-24 渠县金城合金铸业有限公司 一种耐热钢带孔篦板消失模铸造方法
CN104874722A (zh) * 2015-05-20 2015-09-02 柳州市百田机械有限公司 耐高温铸造涂料
CN105127910B (zh) * 2015-07-08 2017-08-01 安徽三联泵业股份有限公司 一种掺杂碳纳米管的泵体铸件加工用湿喷砂料
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CN105855460A (zh) * 2016-05-27 2016-08-17 马鞍山市兴隆铸造有限公司 一种高抗弯强度云母粉改性石英基消失模涂料及其制备方法
CN108057841B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2019-07-05 江门市双键实业有限公司 一种防铸件脉纹的水基涂料及其制备方法
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DE102018133239A1 (de) 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Isocyanat-Komposition und Bindemittelsystem enthaltend diese Isocyanat-Komposition
DE102019106021A1 (de) 2019-03-08 2020-09-10 HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Formaldehyd-Fänger für Bindemittelsysteme
DE102019002802A1 (de) * 2019-04-16 2020-10-22 Ask Chemicals Gmbh Schlichtezusammensetzung, Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Gießform, Verwendung der Schlichtezusammensetzung zur Beschichtung einer Gießform und Gießform
CN110125322A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-08-16 大连安龙鑫机械有限公司 一种用于铸造的防脉纹添加剂
CN111302754B (zh) * 2020-03-31 2021-08-17 汉江弘源襄阳碳化硅特种陶瓷有限责任公司 一种碳化硅陶瓷浇注成型用消失模涂料及其制备方法
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CN112226114A (zh) * 2020-11-12 2021-01-15 湖州汇邦环保科技有限公司 一种强阻燃效果的木质建筑工业漆
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6147295B2 (ja) 2017-06-14
DE102009032668A1 (de) 2011-01-13
EP2451596A1 (de) 2012-05-16
WO2011003637A1 (de) 2011-01-13
CN102481622B (zh) 2014-09-03
US20120126092A1 (en) 2012-05-24
PL2451596T3 (pl) 2014-03-31
US8845802B2 (en) 2014-09-30
CN102481622A (zh) 2012-05-30
JP2012532027A (ja) 2012-12-13
DE202009010423U1 (de) 2010-11-18
JP2015166112A (ja) 2015-09-24
US8771412B2 (en) 2014-07-08
US20140102657A1 (en) 2014-04-17

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