EP2451596A1 - Schlichte zur herstellung von formüberzügen - Google Patents
Schlichte zur herstellung von formüberzügenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2451596A1 EP2451596A1 EP10717104A EP10717104A EP2451596A1 EP 2451596 A1 EP2451596 A1 EP 2451596A1 EP 10717104 A EP10717104 A EP 10717104A EP 10717104 A EP10717104 A EP 10717104A EP 2451596 A1 EP2451596 A1 EP 2451596A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sizing
- inorganic hollow
- size
- hollow bodies
- inorganic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- CTTJWXVQRJUJQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)(C(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC CTTJWXVQRJUJQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052849 andalusite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoboron Chemical class O=[B] MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012970 tertiary amine catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
- B22C1/14—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for separating the pattern from the mould
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a size for the production of mold coatings by application to inorganic or organic bonded moldings in lost molds or on cores for iron and steel casting.
- Casting in a lost form is a common process for making end-to-end components. After casting, the mold is destroyed and the casting is removed.
- Shapes are negatives, they contain the emptying cavity, which results in the casting to be produced.
- the inner contours of the future casting are formed by cores.
- the cavity is shaped into the molding material by means of a model of the casting to be produced.
- Inner contours are represented by cores formed in a separate core box.
- refractory granular materials such as washed
- classified quartz sand are used as molding materials.
- Other materials include zirconium, chromite sands, chamottes, olivine sands, feldspathic sands and andalusite sands.
- the molding materials are bound with inorganic or organic binders.
- bentonites or other clays are used as inorganic binders.
- the molded materials are compacted to increase the strength.
- corresponding molding materials are also gassed for curing.
- the curing of the binder can be done by heating the molding material and expelling a solvent, which then causes hardening.
- the surfaces of the molds and cores are coated with a size.
- Ready-to-use sizes for coating molds and cores are suspensions of fine-grained, refractory to highly refractory inorganic materials in a carrier liquid, e.g. Water or a solvent.
- the sizing is applied by a suitable application method, for example spraying, dipping, flooding or brushing on the inner contour of the casting mold or on the core and dried there, so that a sizing coat (sizing film) is formed.
- the drying of the size coat may be accomplished by the application of heat or radiant energy, e.g. by microwave radiation, or by drying in the room air done. In the case of solvent-containing sizing, the drying can also be carried out by burning off the solvent.
- the size coatings should u.a. fulfill the following functions:
- the aforementioned functions 1 to 3 are usually fulfilled by combinations of various suitable refractory materials.
- fireproof materials are here and
- Resistant to molten iron, materials and minerals that can withstand the pouring heat of molten steel in the short term are regarded as highly refractory.
- refractory material for example, mineral oxides such as corundum, magnesite, quartz, chromite and olivine, furthermore silicates such as zirconium silicate, chamotte, andalusites, pyrophyllite, kaolinite, mica and other clay minerals are used individually or in combination. Graphite and coke are also used.
- the refractories are in a carrier liquid suspended. Solvents such as ethanol or isopropanol can serve as the carrier liquid, but today water is usually preferred as the carrier liquid.
- suspending agents e.g. water swellable clays such as smectites, attapulgites or sepiolites or swellable organic thickeners such as e.g. CeIIu losederivate or polysaccharide.
- a size includes a binder to fix the refractories on the molding material.
- synthetic resins or synthetic resin dispersions are used here, e.g. Polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, polyvinyl acetates and corresponding copolymers. Natural resins, dextrins, starches and peptides can also be used as binders.
- the aforementioned swellable clays can also take over the functions of the binder.
- Finishes may contain further additives, in the case of aqueous sizes in particular preservatives and rheologically active additives and adjusters.
- Rheologically active additives and / or adjusting agents are used to adjust the flowability of the size desired for processing.
- wetting agents can also be used to achieve better wetting of the molding material.
- ionic and nonionic wetting agents For example, dioctylsulfosuccinates are used as ionic wetting agents and alkynediols or ethoxylated alkynediols are used as nonionic wetting agents.
- gas error is e.g. from Gy. Nandori and J. PaI. Miskoloc and K. Peukert in Foundry 83 (1996) 16 describe. These are gas bubbles that occur associated with slag jobs.
- the cause of such gas slag faults are "exogenous,” i.e., from the molding material and mold cavity, and "endogenous,” i. to look at the gases coming from the melt. These gases partially react with the melt, resulting in oxide-rich slags. These slags together with the remaining gases form gas faults.
- An influencing factor for the formation of these gas defects is the gas permeability of the molding material coated with the size coat.
- the sizing coating may peel off the core or the mold if a high gas pressure due to pyrolysis of the molding material binder builds up in the core and the sizing presents a high resistance to this pressure due to a low gas permeability. If the gas pressure exceeds the adhesive forces of the sizing coating on the core or the mold, the sizing will be abated. Casting errors caused by melting in the melt size particles are the result.
- the patent application WO 2007/025769 describes sizing agents (where they are also referred to as molding compositions together with molding material mixtures) which contain borosilicate glass in an amount of at least 0.001%, preferably at least 0.005% by weight, in particular at least 0.01% by weight contained on the solids content of the size.
- the proportion of borosilicate glass is preferably less than 5% by weight, more preferably less than 2% by weight and most preferably within a range of 0.01 to 1% by weight, in each case based on the solids content of the size.
- borosilicate glass in the form of hollow microspheres ie hollow beads having a diameter in the order of preferably 5 to 500 .mu.m, more preferably 10 to 250 .mu.m, whose shell is constructed of borosilicate glass, is used. It is believed that the borosilicate glass melts under the influence of the temperature of the liquid metal, thereby releasing voids which can compensate for the volume expansion of the molding material caused by the casting heat.
- the softening point of the borosilicate glass in the range of less than 1500 0 C, more preferably in the range of 500 to 1000 0 C is set. When using these sizes, flaking off the size coat under the influence of the liquid metal is expected to occur only extremely rarely. In addition, it was found that no leaf ribs form and a smooth casting surface is obtained.
- the hollow spheres consist, for example, of silicates, in particular of aluminum, calcium, magnesium and / or zirconium, of oxides such as aluminum oxide, quartz, magnesite, mullite, chromite, zirconium oxide and / or titanium oxide, of borides, carbides and nitrides such as silicon carbide, titanium carbide, titanium boride, Boron nitride and / or boron carbide, or carbon.
- silicates in particular of aluminum, calcium, magnesium and / or zirconium
- oxides such as aluminum oxide, quartz, magnesite, mullite, chromite, zirconium oxide and / or titanium oxide
- borides, carbides and nitrides such as silicon carbide, titanium carbide, titanium boride, Boron nitride and / or boron carbide, or carbon.
- metal or glass can also be used.
- hollow spheres are effective in several ways.
- the dense packing of the base particles in the sizing which may be considered to be the main cause of the low gas permeability, is lightened by the beads and made more gas permeable.
- the insulating properties of the hollow spheres and the gas-permeable size coatings cause a delayed heat transfer through the size into the molding material. Later, the hollow spheres melt in the casting heat and / or break under the casting pressure, causing numerous micro-defects in the size coat, thus increasing the gas permeability of the size coat.
- hollow spheres made of glass inorganic hollow body of materials ie he a similar or similar composition as the above. also contained in the sizing refractory materials, in particular the platelet-shaped refractory materials and / or which react very slowly with the refractories contained in the sizing.
- the inorganic hollow body should have a high softening temperature, so that they do not melt during the casting process, and a higher mechanical stability than hollow spheres made of glass.
- the proportion of inorganic hollow bodies which consist partly or completely of crystalline material is in the range of 0.001 to 0.99% of the weight of the ready-to-use size.
- Ready-to-use sizing is understood to mean that the base mass of the sizing has been diluted with a carrier liquid, for example water, such that one for coating molds or cores by means of one of the abovementioned techniques in the desired suspension is present in the desired layer thickness.
- the sizes are diluted with a carrier liquid, for example water to a suitable viscosity.
- the sizes to achieve the desired layer thickness of the size coat of, for example, 0.1 to 0.6 mm are typically at viscosities of 11, 5 sec. to 16 sec. measured in a 4 mm immersion discharge cup based on DIN 2321 1 diluted.
- other viscosities must be chosen accordingly.
- the determination of suitable viscosities and layer thicknesses is one of the skills of the skilled person.
- the inorganic materials of which the inorganic hollow bodies are formed are distinguished by the presence of X-ray diffraction analysis of detectable crystalline structures. That In the materials of the hollow bodies there are regions with three-dimensionally-periodic order, whose extents are larger than the coherence length of the X-rays (about 10 nm), so that sharp reflections are observed in the X-ray diffraction analysis.
- the crystalline fraction is preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 20% by weight or more.
- the material of the hollow spheres of borosilicate glass known from WO 2007/025769 is non-crystalline, because glass is a supercooled melt, i. it is in the amorphous state.
- the inorganic hollow body have a softening point of 1000 0 C or higher, preferably 1 100 0 C or higher, determined by a heating microscope.
- Particularly preferred inorganic hollow body with a softening point between 1200 0 C nd 1450 0 C, determined ngsmikroskop with a Erhitzu are.
- the determination of the softening point and the melting point of ceramics in a heating microscope is based on the measurement of the projection area of a cylindrical sample and its change with temperature.
- the softening point is the temperature at which the first detectable melt phenomena occur, which are manifested by smoothing of rough surfaces and the beginning of edge rounding.
- the hemisphere or melting point is the temperature at which the sample is deformed to a hemisphere by the formation of melt phases.
- the inorganic hollow bodies of the size according to the invention which consist partially or completely of crystalline material, contain no boron oxides, which act as a network image ner for glasses, and thus no borosilicate glass.
- a network converter acting compounds such as sodium and potassium oxide, which also as Flux act and reduce the melting temperature, are at best contained as impurities. Therefore, in the sizings of the present invention, the formation of low melting point compounds is suppressed by the reaction of the network walling agents and fluxes of sodium oxide and potassium oxide and the network former boron oxide with platy clay minerals and silicates commonly contained in the sizing.
- the content of the compounds which act as flux medium and network converter is preferably less than 4% by weight of sodium oxide and / or potassium oxide.
- the inorganic hollow bodies consist for example of silicates, preferably of aluminum, calcium, magnesium or zirconium, or of oxides, preferably aluminum oxide, quartz, mullite, chromite, zirconium oxide and titanium oxide, or of carbides, preferably silicon carbide or boron carbide or of nitrides, preferably boron nitride or mixtures of these materials, or mixtures of inorganic hollow bodies of these materials are used.
- hollow bodies are meant, without limitation to the spherical shape arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional structures having a cavity inside which occupies 15% or more, preferably 40% or more, more preferably 70% or more of the volume of the three-dimensional structure. This cavity can be completely enclosed by a shell of inorganic material, as in the case of hollow spheres, or incompletely enclosed, as in the case of a tube open at the ends, for example.
- These inorganic hollow bodies are preferably hollow spheres having a diameter of less than 400 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 300 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the inorganic hollow bodies are characterized by a high mechanical stability, so that they can withstand the pressure load that inevitably occurs in the production of sizings.
- the inorganic hollow bodies to be used according to the invention preferably have compressive strengths of 10
- Hollow bodies of glass are generally lower than 10 MPa.
- the hollow microspheres used in the embodiments of WO2007 / 025769 have a
- Compressive strength of only 4 MPa Compressive strength of only 4 MPa.
- the compressive strengths can be in an isostatic
- inorganic hollow body in particular hollow balls, having a Mohs hardness of 5 to 6.
- hollow body in particular hollow balls with a compressive strength of 25 MPa or more.
- inorganic hollow body in particular hollow balls, with a cavity which occupies 70% or more of the total volume of the hollow body or the hollow sphere.
- Individual or all of the preferred properties of the inorganic hollow bodies are preferably realized in combination with each other.
- inorganic hollow bodies used which are inorganic hollow spheres which form during the combustion of coal in power plants as part of the fly ash.
- These hollow spheres are deposited from the flue gas stream and are described under the name cenospheres (Cenospheres CAS No .: 93924-19-7).
- cenospheres Cenospheres CAS No .: 93924-19-7.
- These inorganic hollow spheres preferably have the following properties:
- inorganic hollow bodies of carbon are used, preferably nano-hollow bodies
- Carbon for example carbon nanotubes or / and fullerenes. It is also possible to use mixtures of inorganic hollow bodies of carbon and inorganic hollow bodies of one or more of the other materials mentioned above.
- suspending agents e.g. water-swellable clay minerals
- the present invention also relates to the use of a sizing agent of the invention for the production of a coating on a mold or core for use in the foundry.
- the present invention also relates to a mold or a core for iron and steel casting, wherein the mold or the core on the surface facing the casting metal has a sizing coating u M Anlagend the Trocknu ngsprod ukt a sizing invention, wherein the thickness of the sizing coat 0.05 mm or more, preferably 0.15 mm or more and more preferably 0.25 to 0.6 mm, and the use of such a mold or such a core for producing an iron or cast steel piece.
- the present invention also encompasses a concentrate for the production of a ready-to-use size according to the invention, the concentrate having the following composition, based on its total weight:
- suspending agents e.g. water-swellable clay minerals
- those substances which can be assigned to more than one of the components (a) to (h) are to be assigned to the former of these components.
- the present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a size from a concentrate according to the invention described above, the process comprising the following steps:
- the present invention furthermore relates to a process for producing a size coat on a shaped body or core, comprising the steps:
- a size coat having a thickness of 0.05 mm or more, preferably 0.15 mm or more, and more preferably 0.25 mm to 0.6 mm.
- the sizings according to the invention are applied to the lost molds or cores, for example by dipping, flooding, spraying or brushing, and then dried, preferably by the application of heat or microwave radiation, so that sizing coatings are formed on the molds or cores.
- a size having the composition shown in Table 1 is prepared by mixing the components with a stirrer and then breaking up by shearing for 10 minutes with a high speed rotating dissolver.
- Corresponding production methods are known to the person skilled in the art and e.g. described in patent application WO 94/26440.
- the sizings were applied by dipping on cored boxes prepared by the CoId Box method.
- the achieved coating thicknesses of the size coatings were 0.5 mm in the wet, matted state.
- the cores were dried in a drying oven at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes. All further investigations were carried out with the sized cores thus prepared (see Table 2). It turns out that when using the sizes according to the invention on the castings fewer leaf ribs and distortions are formed than when using a size according to the prior art with a higher proportion of inorganic hollow bodies.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of measurements of the gas pressure as a function of time in a core coated with the abovementioned size A, B, C, D or E.
- the measuring method for determining the gas pressure in cores has been described by HG Levelink, FPMA Julien and HCJ de Man in Foundry 67 (1980) 109.
- the test temperature is 1445 ° C.
- the composition of the cores is as follows:
- Example C With a size according to Example C cores were coated for the manufacture of engine parts, which were manufactured by the CoId box process. For a batch of 500 pieces, no exogenous gas faults and, in particular, gas faults associated with slag were observed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
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PL10717104T PL2451596T3 (pl) | 2009-07-09 | 2010-04-21 | Bielidło do wytwarzania pokryć form |
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DE102009032668A DE102009032668A1 (de) | 2009-07-09 | 2009-07-09 | Schlichte zur Herstellung von Formüberzügen |
PCT/EP2010/055306 WO2011003637A1 (de) | 2009-07-09 | 2010-04-21 | Schlichte zur herstellung von formüberzügen |
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EP2451596A1 true EP2451596A1 (de) | 2012-05-16 |
EP2451596B1 EP2451596B1 (de) | 2013-10-16 |
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EP10717104.3A Active EP2451596B1 (de) | 2009-07-09 | 2010-04-21 | Schlichte zur herstellung von formüberzügen |
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US (2) | US8771412B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2451596B1 (de) |
JP (2) | JP2012532027A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102481622B (de) |
DE (2) | DE102009032668A1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL2451596T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011003637A1 (de) |
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KR101268770B1 (ko) | 2009-11-10 | 2013-05-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이온안정성이 개선된 커플링 반응을 이용한 비닐 방향족 탄화수소-공액디엔 블록 공중합체의 제조방법 |
DE112011105613T5 (de) * | 2011-09-13 | 2014-08-14 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Film und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
CN102672098B (zh) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 杭州来氏铸造科技有限公司 | 一种消失模涂料及其制备方法 |
CN102728776A (zh) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-17 | 繁昌县琦祥铸造厂 | 一种低成本环保型砂及其制备方法 |
CN102836957A (zh) * | 2012-08-31 | 2012-12-26 | 太仓科博尔精密铸业有限公司 | 一种消失模涂料及其制备方法 |
CN105579161A (zh) | 2013-08-16 | 2016-05-11 | 艾克斯温有限责任公司 | 三维打印的金属铸造模具和其制造方法 |
US9192983B2 (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-11-24 | General Electric Company | Silicon carbide-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
CN104128561B (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-08-24 | 渠县金城合金铸业有限公司 | 一种耐热钢带孔篦板消失模铸造方法 |
CN104874722A (zh) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-02 | 柳州市百田机械有限公司 | 耐高温铸造涂料 |
CN105127910B (zh) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-08-01 | 安徽三联泵业股份有限公司 | 一种掺杂碳纳米管的泵体铸件加工用湿喷砂料 |
DE102016223619A1 (de) | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schlichte zum Auftragen auf die poröse Oberfläche von Formen und/oder Kernen für den Metallguss |
CN105522104A (zh) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-04-27 | 安徽涌畅铸件有限公司 | 一种消失模的涂料及其制备工艺 |
CN105855460A (zh) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-17 | 马鞍山市兴隆铸造有限公司 | 一种高抗弯强度云母粉改性石英基消失模涂料及其制备方法 |
CN108057841B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-05 | 江门市双键实业有限公司 | 一种防铸件脉纹的水基涂料及其制备方法 |
DE102018004234A1 (de) | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-28 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Schlichtezusammensetzung, Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Gießform und Verwendung der Schlichtezusammensetzung zur Beschichtung einer Gießform |
DE102018133239A1 (de) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Isocyanat-Komposition und Bindemittelsystem enthaltend diese Isocyanat-Komposition |
DE102019106021A1 (de) | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-10 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Formaldehyd-Fänger für Bindemittelsysteme |
DE102019002802A1 (de) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Schlichtezusammensetzung, Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Gießform, Verwendung der Schlichtezusammensetzung zur Beschichtung einer Gießform und Gießform |
CN110125322A (zh) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-16 | 大连安龙鑫机械有限公司 | 一种用于铸造的防脉纹添加剂 |
CN111302754B (zh) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-08-17 | 汉江弘源襄阳碳化硅特种陶瓷有限责任公司 | 一种碳化硅陶瓷浇注成型用消失模涂料及其制备方法 |
DE102020110290A1 (de) | 2020-04-15 | 2021-10-21 | Peak Deutschland Gmbh | Verwendung eines Lösemittels zur Herstellung von Schlichten, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schlichte, eine Schlichte und deren Verwendung |
CN112226114A (zh) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-15 | 湖州汇邦环保科技有限公司 | 一种强阻燃效果的木质建筑工业漆 |
DE202023103207U1 (de) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-20 | Peak Deutschland Gmbh | Schlichte und deren Verwendung |
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JPS55133843A (en) * | 1979-04-05 | 1980-10-18 | Sintokogio Ltd | Facing material |
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US5602063A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-02-11 | Minteq International, Inc. | Lightweight sprayable tundish lining composition |
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WO2003051792A2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-06-26 | Promat International N.V. | Product based on expanded vermiculite coated with coating material |
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JP2005169440A (ja) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-30 | Aisin Takaoka Ltd | 金型用塗型剤 |
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DE102005024207A1 (de) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-11-30 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Verfahren zur Trocknung von Wasserschlichten |
DE102005041863A1 (de) | 2005-09-02 | 2007-03-29 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Borsilikatglashaltige Formstoffmischungen |
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CN101116897A (zh) * | 2007-09-01 | 2008-02-06 | 南昌航空大学 | 空心微珠填充金属型涂料及其制造方法 |
JP2009166093A (ja) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-30 | Yushiro Chem Ind Co Ltd | 離型剤及び鋳造方法 |
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2009
- 2009-07-09 DE DE102009032668A patent/DE102009032668A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2009-07-31 DE DE202009010423U patent/DE202009010423U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2010
- 2010-04-21 EP EP10717104.3A patent/EP2451596B1/de active Active
- 2010-04-21 PL PL10717104T patent/PL2451596T3/pl unknown
- 2010-04-21 JP JP2012518834A patent/JP2012532027A/ja active Pending
- 2010-04-21 CN CN201080040222.6A patent/CN102481622B/zh active Active
- 2010-04-21 WO PCT/EP2010/055306 patent/WO2011003637A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-04-21 US US13/383,169 patent/US8771412B2/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-12-18 US US14/132,214 patent/US8845802B2/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-05-28 JP JP2015108384A patent/JP6147295B2/ja active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2011003637A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20120126092A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
CN102481622A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
PL2451596T3 (pl) | 2014-03-31 |
DE202009010423U1 (de) | 2010-11-18 |
US8845802B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
WO2011003637A1 (de) | 2011-01-13 |
EP2451596B1 (de) | 2013-10-16 |
JP6147295B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
DE102009032668A1 (de) | 2011-01-13 |
CN102481622B (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
US20140102657A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
JP2015166112A (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
JP2012532027A (ja) | 2012-12-13 |
US8771412B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 |
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