EP2451596B1 - Agent antiadhesif pour la fabrication de couches dans les moules - Google Patents
Agent antiadhesif pour la fabrication de couches dans les moules Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2451596B1 EP2451596B1 EP10717104.3A EP10717104A EP2451596B1 EP 2451596 B1 EP2451596 B1 EP 2451596B1 EP 10717104 A EP10717104 A EP 10717104A EP 2451596 B1 EP2451596 B1 EP 2451596B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wash
- hollow bodies
- inorganic hollow
- inorganic
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 chromite Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N deuterium hydrogen oxide Chemical compound [2H]O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 44
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- CTTJWXVQRJUJQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)(C(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC CTTJWXVQRJUJQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052849 andalusite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940049580 biozide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoboron Chemical class O=[B] MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
- B22C1/14—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for separating the pattern from the mould
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a size for the production of mold coatings by application to inorganic or organic bonded moldings in lost molds or on cores for iron and steel casting.
- Casting in a lost form is a common process for producing near-net shape components. After casting, the mold is destroyed and the casting is removed.
- Shapes are negatives, they contain the emptying cavity, which results in the casting to be produced.
- the inner contours of the future casting are formed by cores.
- the cavity is shaped into the molding material by means of a model of the casting to be manufactured.
- Inner contours are represented by cores formed in a separate core box.
- refractory granular materials such as washed
- classified quartz sand are used as molding materials.
- Other materials include zirconium, chromite sands, chamottes, olivine sands, feldspathic sands and andalusite sands.
- the molding materials are bound with inorganic or organic binders.
- bentonites or other clays are used as inorganic binders.
- the molded materials are compacted to increase the strength.
- corresponding molding materials are also gassed for curing.
- the curing of the binder can be done by heating the molding material and expelling a solvent, which then causes hardening.
- the surfaces of the molds and cores are coated with a size.
- Ready-to-use sizes for coating molds and cores are suspensions of fine-grained, refractory to highly refractory inorganic materials in a carrier liquid, e.g. Water or a solvent.
- the size is applied by a suitable application method, for example spraying, dipping, flooding or brushing on the inner contour of the mold or on the core and dried there, so that a size coat (size film) is formed.
- the drying of the size coat may be accomplished by the application of heat or radiant energy, e.g. by microwave radiation, or by drying in the room air done. In the case of solvent-containing sizing, the drying can also be carried out by burning off the solvent.
- the aforementioned functions 1 to 3 are usually fulfilled by combinations of various suitable refractory materials.
- fireproof materials and minerals are referred to here, which can withstand the temperature load during casting by a molten iron, as high refractory materials and minerals that can withstand the casting heat of a molten steel in the short term.
- refractory material for example, mineral oxides such as corundum, magnesite, quartz, chromite and olivine, furthermore silicates such as zirconium silicate, chamotte, andalusites, pyrophyllite, kaolinite, mica and other clay minerals are used individually or in combination. Graphite and coke are also used.
- the refractories are in a carrier liquid suspended. Solvents such as ethanol or isopropanol can serve as the carrier liquid, but today water is usually preferred as the carrier liquid.
- suspending agents e.g. water swellable clays such as smectites, attapulgites or sepiolites or swellable organic thickeners such as e.g. Cellulose derivatives or polysaccharide.
- a size includes a binder to fix the refractories on the molding material.
- synthetic resins or synthetic resin dispersions are used here, e.g. Polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, polyvinyl acetates and corresponding copolymers. Natural resins, dextrins, starches and peptides can also be used as binders.
- the aforementioned swellable clays can also take over the functions of the binder.
- Finishes may contain further additives, in the case of aqueous sizes in particular preservatives and rheologically active additives and adjusters.
- Rheologically active additives and / or adjusting agents are used to adjust the flowability of the size desired for processing.
- wetting agents can also be used to achieve a better wetting of the molding material.
- the person skilled in the art is familiar with ionic and nonionic wetting agents. For example, dioctylsulfosuccinates are used as ionic wetting agents and alkynediols or ethoxylated alkynediols are used as nonionic wetting agents.
- gas errors such as from HG Levelink, FPMA Julien and HCJ de Man in Foundry 67 (1980) 109 described. caused by "exogenous” gases.
- These "exogenous gases” arise mainly during the pyrolysis of organic binders on contact with the molten metal in the mold or the core. These gases generate a gas pressure in the molding material, which, if it exceeds the metallostatic back pressure, can lead to gas defects in the casting, usually in its upper region.
- These gas bubbles usually have a smooth inner surface.
- the sizing coating may peel off the core or mold if a high gas pressure due to pyrolysis of the molding material binder builds up in the core and the sizing presents high resistance to this pressure due to low gas permeability. If the gas pressure exceeds the adhesive forces of the sizing coating on the core or the mold, the sizing will be abated. Casting errors caused by melting in the melt size particles are the result.
- borosilicate glass in the form of hollow microspheres ie hollow beads having a diameter in the order of preferably 5 to 500 .mu.m, more preferably 10 to 250 .mu.m, whose shell is constructed of borosilicate glass, is used. It is believed that the borosilicate glass melts under the influence of the temperature of the liquid metal and thereby cavities are released, which can compensate for the volume expansion of the molding material caused by the casting heat.
- the softening point of the borosilicate glass is set in the range of less than 1500 ° C, particularly preferably in the range of 500 to 1000 ° C. When using these sizes, flaking off of the size coat under the influence of the liquid metal is unlikely to occur. In addition, it was found that no leaf ribs form and a smooth casting surface is obtained.
- Sizing agents which have a content of inorganic hollow spheres of 1 to 40%, preferably of at least 4%, or even at least 10%, based on the weight of the ready-to-use sizing.
- the hollow spheres consist, for example, of silicates, in particular of aluminum, calcium, magnesium and / or zirconium, of oxides such as aluminum oxide, quartz, magnesite, mullite, chromite, zirconium oxide and / or titanium oxide, of borides, carbides and nitrides such as silicon carbide, titanium carbide, titanium boride, Boron nitride and / or boron carbide, or carbon.
- hollow spheres made of metal or glass can also be used. These hollow spheres are effective in several ways.
- the dense packing of the base particles in the sizing which may be considered to be the main cause of the low gas permeability, is lightened by the beads and made more gas permeable.
- the insulating properties of the hollow spheres and the gas-permeable size coatings cause a delayed heat transfer through the size in the molding material. Later, the hollow spheres melt in the casting heat and / or break under the casting pressure, causing numerous micro-defects in the size coat, thus increasing the gas permeability of the size coat.
- the inorganic hollow body should have a high softening temperature, so that they do not melt during the casting process, and a higher mechanical stability than hollow spheres made of glass. Furthermore, it is desirable to reduce the need for hollow spheres without having to accept an increased incidence of casting defects.
- Ready-to-use sizing is understood to mean that the base mass of the sizing has been diluted with a carrier liquid, for example water, such that one for coating molds or cores by means of one of the abovementioned techniques in the desired suspension is present in the desired layer thickness.
- a carrier liquid for example water
- the sizes to achieve the desired coating thickness of the size coat for example from 0.1 to 0.6 mm, are typically at viscosities of 11.5 seconds. to 16 sec. measured in a 4 mm immersion discharge cup diluted in accordance with DIN 23211.
- other viscosities must be chosen accordingly.
- the determination of suitable viscosities and layer thicknesses is one of the skills of the skilled person.
- the inorganic materials of which the inorganic hollow bodies are formed are distinguished by the presence of X-ray diffraction analysis of detectable crystalline structures. That is, in the materials of the hollow body there are regions with three-dimensional periodic order, the extent of which is greater than the coherence length of the X-radiation (about 10 nm), so that in the X-ray diffraction analysis sharp reflections are observed.
- the crystalline fraction is preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 20% by weight or more.
- the material is the off WO 2007/025769 known hollow spheres of borosilicate glass non-crystalline, because glass is a supercooled melt, ie it is in the amorphous state.
- the inorganic hollow bodies preferably have a softening point of 1000 ° C. or higher, preferably 1100 ° C. or higher, determined by means of a heating microscope. Particular preference is given to inorganic hollow bodies having a softening point between 1200 ° C. and 1450 ° C., determined by means of a heating microscope.
- the determination of the softening point and the melting point of ceramics in a heating microscope is based on the measurement of the projection area of a cylindrical sample and its change with temperature.
- the softening point is the temperature at which the first detectable melt phenomena occur, which are manifested by smoothing of rough surfaces and the beginning of edge rounding.
- the hemisphere or melting point is the temperature at which the sample is deformed to a hemisphere by the formation of melt phases.
- the inorganic hollow bodies of the size according to the invention which consist partially or completely of crystalline material, contain no boron oxides, which act as network formers for glasses, and thus also no borosilicate glass.
- a network converter acting compounds such as sodium and potassium oxide, which also as Flux act and reduce the melting temperature, are at best contained as impurities. Therefore, in the sizings of the invention, the formation of low-melting compounds by reaction of the network converters and fluxes sodium oxide and potassium oxide and the network former boron oxide with platelet-shaped clay minerals and silicates usually contained in the sizing is suppressed.
- the content of the compounds acting as fluxes and network converters is preferably less than 4% by weight of sodium oxide and / or potassium oxide.
- the inorganic hollow bodies consist for example of silicates, preferably of aluminum, calcium, magnesium or zirconium, or of oxides, preferably aluminum oxide, quartz, mullite, chromite, zirconium oxide and titanium oxide, or of carbides, preferably silicon carbide or boron carbide or of nitrides, preferably boron nitride or mixtures of these materials, or mixtures of inorganic hollow bodies of these materials are used.
- hollow bodies are meant, without limitation to the spherical shape arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional structures having a cavity inside which occupies 15% or more, preferably 40% or more, more preferably 70% or more of the volume of the three-dimensional structure.
- This cavity can be completely enclosed by a shell of inorganic material, as in the case of hollow spheres, or incompletely enclosed, as in the case of a tube open at the ends, for example.
- These inorganic hollow bodies are preferably hollow spheres having a diameter of less than 400 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 300 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the inorganic hollow bodies are characterized by a high mechanical stability, so that they can withstand the pressure load, which inevitably occurs in the production of sizes.
- the inorganic hollow bodies to be used according to the invention preferably have compressive strengths of 10 MPa or higher, preferably of 25 MPa or higher.
- the compressive strength of hollow bodies made of glass is generally lower than 10 MPa. So have in the embodiments of the WO2007 / 025769 used hollow microspheres a compressive strength of only 4 MPa.
- the compressive strengths can be determined in an isostatic pressure test based on ASTM D3102-72.
- inorganic hollow bodies in particular hollow spheres, having a Mohs hardness of 5 to 6.
- hollow bodies in particular hollow spheres with a compressive strength of 25 MPa or more.
- inorganic hollow body in particular hollow balls, with a cavity which occupies 70% or more of the total volume of the hollow body or the hollow sphere.
- inorganic hollow body made of carbon preferably nano-hollow body made of carbon, for example carbon nanotubes (carbon nanotubes) and / or fullerenes. It is also possible to use mixtures of inorganic hollow bodies of carbon and inorganic hollow bodies of one or more of the other materials mentioned above.
- the present invention also provides the use of a size according to the invention for the production of a coating on a mold or a core for use in the foundry.
- the present invention also relates to a mold or a core for iron and steel casting, wherein the mold or the core on the casting metal surface facing a size coat comprising the drying product of a size according to the invention, wherein the thickness of the size coat 0.05 mm or more, preferably 0.15 mm or more and more preferably 0.25 to 0.6 mm, and the use of such a mold or such a core for producing an iron or cast steel piece.
- those substances which can be assigned to more than one of the components (a) to (h) are to be assigned to the former of these components.
- the sizings according to the invention are applied to the lost molds or cores, for example by dipping, flooding, spraying or brushing, and then dried, preferably by the application of heat or microwave radiation, so that sizing coatings are formed on the molds or cores.
- Table 1 A size having the composition shown in Table 1 is prepared by mixing the components with a stirrer and then breaking up by shearing for 10 minutes with a high speed spinning dissolver. Corresponding production methods are known to the person skilled in the art and, for example, in the patent application WO 94/26440 described.
- Table 1 material Simple basic approach [Share in weight%] water 53 Aluminum silicate refractory 15 clay mineral 5.8 mica 18 iron oxide 1 graphite 5 dextrin 0.5 actuating means 0.5 preservative 0.3 defoamers 0.5 wetting agent 0.4 total 100
- Example C With a size according to Example C cores for the production of engine parts, which were manufactured by the cold box process, coated. For a batch of 500 pieces, no exogenous gas faults and, in particular, gas faults associated with slag were observed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Claims (15)
- Enduit prêt à l'utilisation servant à fabriquer des revêtements de moule sur des moules perdus ou sur des noyaux pour la fonte de fer et l'acier coulé,
dans lequel l'enduit contient une fraction rapportée au poids de corps creux inorganiques allant de 0,001 % à 0,99 %,
caractérisé en ce que
les corps creux inorganiques sont constitués en partie ou intégralement d'un matériau cristallin. - Enduit selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que
lesdits corps creux inorganiques présentent un point de ramollissement égal ou supérieur à 1000°C, de préférence égal ou supérieur à 1100°C, de manière particulièrement préférée un point de ramollissement compris entre 1200°C et 1450°C. - Enduit selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
caractérisé en ce que
lesdits corps creux inorganiques sont constitués- de silicates, de préférence de silicates d'aluminium, de calcium, de magnésium ou de zirconium, ou- d'oxydes, de préférence d'oxyde d'aluminium, de quartz, de mullite, de chromite, d'oxyde de zirconium ou d'oxyde de titane, ou- de carbures, de préférence de carbure de silicium ou de carbure de bore, ou- de nitrures, de préférence de nitrure de bore, ou- de mélanges desdits matériaux,ou
sont des mélanges de corps creux inorganiques constitués desdits matériaux. - Enduit selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que lesdits corps creux inorganiques sont des sphères creuses présentant un diamètre inférieur à 400 µm, de préférence un diamètre allant de 10 à 300 µm, de manière particulièrement préférée un diamètre allant de 10 à 150 µm, sont de préférence des sphères creuses présentant un diamètre extérieur allant de 10 à 150 µm. - Enduit selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que lesdits corps creux inorganiques sont des structures tridimensionnelles, de préférence des sphères creuses, qui présentent un espace creux, qui représente 15 % ou plus, de préférence 40 % ou plus, de manière particulièrement préférée 70 % ou plus du volume de la structure tridimensionnelle. - Enduit selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que lesdits corps creux inorganiques présentent des résistances à la pression de 10 MPa ou plus, de préférence de 25 MPa ou plus, et/ou une dureté Mohs allant de 5 à 6. - Enduit selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que quelques corps creux inorganiques, la majorité ou la totalité desdits corps creux inorganiques sont des sphères creuses présentant- un diamètre extérieur compris dans la plage allant de 10 à 150 µm,- un espace creux représentant 70 % ou plus du volume total de la sphère creuse,- un point de ramollissement compris entre 1200°C et 1450°C,- une dureté Mohs allant de 5 à 6 et- une résistance à la pression de 25 MPa. - Enduit selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
lesdits corps creux inorganiques sont des sphères creuses selon le n° d'enregistrement CAS 93924-19-7 (cénosphères), qui constituent lors de la combustion du charbon dans des centrales électriques une partie de la cendre volante (fly ash) et sont séparées du flux des fumées. - Enduit selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que
lesdits corps creux inorganiques sont constitués de carbone ou sont des mélanges de corps creux inorganiques composés de carbone et de corps creux inorganiques composés d'un ou de plusieurs des matériaux selon la revendication 2, sachant que lesdits corps creux inorganiques constitués de carbone comprennent de préférence des nanocorps creux constitués de carbone, par exemple des nanotubes de carbone (carbon nanotubes) et/ou du fullerène. - Utilisation d'un enduit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 servant à fabriquer un revêtement sur un moule ou sur un noyau, destiné à être utilisé dans la fonderie.
- Moule ou noyau pour la fonte de fer et l'acier coulé,
caractérisé en ce que
le moule ou le noyau présente sur la surface tournée vers le métal de coulée un revêtement d'enduit comprenant le produit de séchage d'un enduit tel que défini dans les revendications 1 à 9,
dans lequel l'épaisseur du revêtement d'enduit est de 0,05 mm ou plus, de préférence de 0,15 mm ou plus, et de manière particulièrement préférée est comprise entre 0,25 et 0,6 mm. - Utilisation d'un moule ou d'un noyau selon la revendication 11 servant à fabriquer une pièce en fonte de fer ou en acier coulé.
- Concentrat servant à fabriquer un enduit prêt à l'utilisation selon les revendications 1 à 9, sachant ledit concentrat présente, par rapport à son poids total, la composition qui suit :(a) 0,0011 à 3,5 % de corps creux inorganiques, lesquels sont constitués en partie ou intégralement d'un matériau cristallin ;(b) 20 à 75 % d'un ou de plusieurs matériaux réfractaires ou hautement réfractaires, qui ne sont pas des corps creux tels que définis au point (a) ;(c) 15 à 80 % d'un ou de plusieurs liquides porteurs, par exemple de l'eau ;(d) 0,1 à 10 % d'un ou de plusieurs agents de suspensions, tels que par exemple des minéraux argileux pouvant gonfler au contact de l'eau ;(e) 0,01 à 0,6 % d'un ou de plusieurs biocides ;(f) 0 à 4 % d'un ou de plusieurs agents mouillants ;(g) 0 à 2 % d'un ou de plusieurs agents stabilisateurs et/ou d'additifs rhéologiques ;(h) 0 à 2 % d'un ou de plusieurs liants.
- Procédé de fabrication d'un enduit constitué d'un concentrat selon la revendication 13, comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant à :- fabriquer ou fournir un concentrat tel que défini dans la revendication 13 ;- mélanger le concentrat à de l'eau ou à un autre liquide porteur selon un rapport de mélange tel qu'on obtient un enduit prêt à l'utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.
- Procédé servant à fabriquer un revêtement d'enduit sur un corps moulé ou sur un noyau, comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant à :- fabriquer ou fournir un corps moulé ou un noyau à enduire ;- fournir un enduit prêt à l'utilisation tel que défini dans les revendications 1 à 9 ou fabriquer un enduit de ce type selon le procédé selon la revendication 14 ;- appliquer l'enduit prêt à l'utilisation sur le noyau ou sur le corps moulé de manière à obtenir un revêtement d'enduit présentant une épaisseur égale ou supérieure à 0,05 mm, de préférence égale ou supérieure à 0,15 mm et de manière particulièrement préférée une épaisseur comprise entre 0,25 mm et 0,6 mm.
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PL10717104T PL2451596T3 (pl) | 2009-07-09 | 2010-04-21 | Bielidło do wytwarzania pokryć form |
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DE102009032668A DE102009032668A1 (de) | 2009-07-09 | 2009-07-09 | Schlichte zur Herstellung von Formüberzügen |
PCT/EP2010/055306 WO2011003637A1 (fr) | 2009-07-09 | 2010-04-21 | Enduit pour fabriquer des revêtements de moule |
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EP2451596B1 true EP2451596B1 (fr) | 2013-10-16 |
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EP10717104.3A Active EP2451596B1 (fr) | 2009-07-09 | 2010-04-21 | Agent antiadhesif pour la fabrication de couches dans les moules |
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EP (1) | EP2451596B1 (fr) |
JP (2) | JP2012532027A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102481622B (fr) |
DE (2) | DE102009032668A1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL2451596T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011003637A1 (fr) |
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KR101268770B1 (ko) | 2009-11-10 | 2013-05-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이온안정성이 개선된 커플링 반응을 이용한 비닐 방향족 탄화수소-공액디엔 블록 공중합체의 제조방법 |
CN103764313B (zh) * | 2011-09-13 | 2015-11-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 被膜及其制造方法 |
CN102672098B (zh) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 杭州来氏铸造科技有限公司 | 一种消失模涂料及其制备方法 |
CN102728776A (zh) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-17 | 繁昌县琦祥铸造厂 | 一种低成本环保型砂及其制备方法 |
CN102836957A (zh) * | 2012-08-31 | 2012-12-26 | 太仓科博尔精密铸业有限公司 | 一种消失模涂料及其制备方法 |
US10471497B2 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2019-11-12 | The Exone Company | Three-dimensional printed metal-casting molds and methods for making the same |
US9192983B2 (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-11-24 | General Electric Company | Silicon carbide-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
CN104128561B (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-08-24 | 渠县金城合金铸业有限公司 | 一种耐热钢带孔篦板消失模铸造方法 |
CN104874722A (zh) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-02 | 柳州市百田机械有限公司 | 耐高温铸造涂料 |
CN105127910B (zh) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-08-01 | 安徽三联泵业股份有限公司 | 一种掺杂碳纳米管的泵体铸件加工用湿喷砂料 |
DE102016223619A1 (de) | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schlichte zum Auftragen auf die poröse Oberfläche von Formen und/oder Kernen für den Metallguss |
CN105522104A (zh) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-04-27 | 安徽涌畅铸件有限公司 | 一种消失模的涂料及其制备工艺 |
CN105855460A (zh) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-17 | 马鞍山市兴隆铸造有限公司 | 一种高抗弯强度云母粉改性石英基消失模涂料及其制备方法 |
CN108057841B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-05 | 江门市双键实业有限公司 | 一种防铸件脉纹的水基涂料及其制备方法 |
DE102018004234A1 (de) | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-28 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Schlichtezusammensetzung, Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Gießform und Verwendung der Schlichtezusammensetzung zur Beschichtung einer Gießform |
DE102018133239A1 (de) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Isocyanat-Komposition und Bindemittelsystem enthaltend diese Isocyanat-Komposition |
DE102019106021A1 (de) | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-10 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Formaldehyd-Fänger für Bindemittelsysteme |
DE102019002802A1 (de) | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Schlichtezusammensetzung, Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Gießform, Verwendung der Schlichtezusammensetzung zur Beschichtung einer Gießform und Gießform |
CN110125322A (zh) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-16 | 大连安龙鑫机械有限公司 | 一种用于铸造的防脉纹添加剂 |
CN111302754B (zh) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-08-17 | 汉江弘源襄阳碳化硅特种陶瓷有限责任公司 | 一种碳化硅陶瓷浇注成型用消失模涂料及其制备方法 |
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2009
- 2009-07-09 DE DE102009032668A patent/DE102009032668A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2009-07-31 DE DE202009010423U patent/DE202009010423U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2010
- 2010-04-21 JP JP2012518834A patent/JP2012532027A/ja active Pending
- 2010-04-21 US US13/383,169 patent/US8771412B2/en active Active
- 2010-04-21 EP EP10717104.3A patent/EP2451596B1/fr active Active
- 2010-04-21 WO PCT/EP2010/055306 patent/WO2011003637A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2010-04-21 CN CN201080040222.6A patent/CN102481622B/zh active Active
- 2010-04-21 PL PL10717104T patent/PL2451596T3/pl unknown
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2013
- 2013-12-18 US US14/132,214 patent/US8845802B2/en active Active
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- 2015-05-28 JP JP2015108384A patent/JP6147295B2/ja active Active
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DE102009032668A1 (de) | 2011-01-13 |
JP2015166112A (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
US20120126092A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
US8771412B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 |
EP2451596A1 (fr) | 2012-05-16 |
JP6147295B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
JP2012532027A (ja) | 2012-12-13 |
CN102481622A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
DE202009010423U1 (de) | 2010-11-18 |
PL2451596T3 (pl) | 2014-03-31 |
WO2011003637A1 (fr) | 2011-01-13 |
CN102481622B (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
US20140102657A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
US8845802B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
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