Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
  • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
  • F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
  • F23C10/30—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
  • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
  • F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
  • F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2207/00—Control
  • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
  • F23G2207/102—Arrangement of sensing devices for pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
  • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
  • F23G2209/262—Agricultural waste
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for operating a plant for the production of bioethanol, burned in the organic waste products of the manufacturing process, in particular DGS and DDGS, and the useful heat thus obtained the plant itself is fed back.
• DGS Differential-based DDGS
• fertilizer as a substrate in biogas plants and combustion in biomass cogeneration plants.
• the organic waste products are transported from the site of the bioethanol plant to the disposal site.
• the object of the present invention is to design a method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that, overall, a more rational operation of the would be possible for the production of bioethanol and a cost-saving disposal of organic waste products.
• the waste products are burned in a fluidized bed furnace and all rooms in which the combustion process takes place, so much heat is removed that at no point the melting temperature of the ash of the waste products, in particular 700 0 C is exceeded;
• the useful heat is recovered in part from the flue gases produced during combustion and partly from the heat extracted from the combustion process to maintain the maximum temperature.
• the invention is based on that in the o. G.
• the "WIKIPEDIA” reference to finding the organic waste products from the bioethanol production process in another location instead of incinerating them on site and consuming the useful heat that has been generated in the plant itself.
• heat In a bioethanol manufacturing plant, there are many ways to use heat, either to produce steam or to heat plant parts or materials directly.
• the invention goes beyond this known basic idea and proposes to carry out the combustion process in a fluidized bed furnace. If the combustion process is carried out in such a way that at no point does the melting temperature of the ashes of the waste products exceed th, falls to a fine-grained solid ash, which mixes into the fluidized bed and can be disposed of without problems. If heat were not removed from the combustion process as proposed by the invention, the temperature would rise to a value at which the resulting ash melts. However, liquid ash is much more difficult to dispose of than solid, fine-grained, as it arises in the process according to the invention.
• the inventively proposed cooling of the combustion chamber to a temperature below the melting temperature of the ashes of the waste products is also associated with no significant loss of thermal efficiency, since the extracted heat is used as well as the heat contained in the flue gases themselves.
• an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is that the useful heat is used at least partially for the generation of steam.
• At least one heat exchanger can be used, which is flowed through by a heat transfer medium.
• the geometry and location of the heat exchanger or heat exchanger is selected according to the local conditions so that the goal of maintaining a maximum temperature in the combustion process is achieved.
• the heat transfer medium can be water. This variant is particularly advantageous where a direct steam generation is desired.
• the heat transfer medium may be a thermal oil.
• the heat is first removed from the combustion process via this thermal oil; the further utilization of this heat is then arbitrary.
• the air which is used to produce the fluidized bed is preheated by the emerging from the fluidized bed furnace flue gases.
• Waste products that would ignite when introduced above the fluidized bed should in principle be introduced directly into the fluidized bed, so that they are distributed as evenly as possible and completely burned.
• the plant designated overall by the reference numeral 1 comprises as the main component a fluidized-bed furnace 2, which is known in its basic structure.
• Its housing 3 is composed of three coaxial sections 3a, 3b, 3c, which are all rotationally symmetrical.
• the lowermost portion 3a is cylindrical; this is followed at the top by a conically widening section 3b, above which a re-cylindrical section 3c is finally mounted.
• the housing 3 is made of a high-temperature steel with a wall thickness of about 10 to 15 mm and is not provided with a refractory lining, as is generally the case with known fluidized bed furnaces of this type.
• the lowermost portion 3a of the housing 3 is divided by a horizontal nozzle bottom 4 into two chambers.
• the lower chamber 4a serves as an air chamber.
• a fan 5 sucks for reasons explained below, either directly via a line 25 or via a heat exchanger
• a fluidized bed 9 which consists of a granular, inert and temperature-resistant material, in particular sand. stands.
• the waste product to be incinerated from bioethanol production which may be DGS or DDGS, can be introduced into the interior of the housing 3 via a schematically represented line 10. This place of introduction is, according to the above, particularly suitable for those waste products which are comparatively moist and heavy and not easily flammable.
• the lying above the fluidized bed 9 interior 11 of the housing 3 serves as a calming space. From it, the hot flue gases can be removed via a line 12 and fed via the heat exchanger 13 to a steam generator 14.
• the steam generator 14 may have any known construction, which need not be described in detail. In the steam generator 14 enters via a line 26 water; the desired end product of the process in the present case, namely hot steam, passes through a conduit
• heat exchangers 17, 18 are mounted.
• the heat exchangers 17, 18 may be of any shape, provided that they only do: they must be able to cover the entire combustion space of the housing 3, i. both from the
• Fluidized bed 9 occupied space as well as the overlying free space 11, to cool during the combustion of the waste products to a temperature which is below the melting point of the ash of these waste products.
• This temperature must be reliably as constant as possible in the entire interior of the furnace 3 below. In the contemplated herein combustion of DGS or DDGS, this means that a temperature of about 650 ° to 700 0 C at any point may be exceeded.
• the manner in which the heat exchangers 17, 18 must be designed for this purpose can be determined by simple experiments for the respective geometry of the fluidized bed furnace 2 and the respective waste products to be incinerated.
• the heat exchangers 17, 18 are located in a heat transfer circuit, in which a thermal oil is kept in circulation by means of a pump 19.
• a circulation line 20 leads to this, starting from the pressure side of the pump 19, first via the heat exchanger 18 and then to the lower heat exchanger 17. From there, the thermal oil is further brought via the line 20 to a heat exchanger 21, which is housed within the steam generator 14 itself , there extracts heat from the thermal oil and this gives off to support the steam generation. Then the cooled thermal oil returns to the pump 19.
• the plant 1 described above is operated as follows:
• the first air chamber 4a When starting the system 1, the first air chamber 4a is supplied with the aid of the fan 5 air, which is sucked in via the line 22 and either via the line 25 or via the heat exchanger 13 from the ambient air. Since at this time the heat exchanger 13 is still cold, the sucked air initially has ambient temperature in both cases.
• the air blown into the air chamber 4 flows through the nozzle plate 4 and fluidizes the overlying bed of sand, so that the actual Fluidized bed 9 is formed.
• the fluidized bed furnace 2 leaving via the line 12 flue gases can still lead to ash particles in relatively small proportions. These may possibly be removed by a lying in the line 12, but not shown in the drawing cyclone from the hot flue gases. The latter pass through the heat exchanger 13 and now preheat the air, which is sucked via the line 22 from the fan 5 and into the air chamber 4a of the
• Fluidized bed furnace 2 is blown. On the way forward, the flue gases reach the steam generator 14, where they are cooled to produce steam, which exits via the line 15, so that they can be discharged as a relatively cool flue gases via the line 16 into the outside atmosphere.
• the heat which originates from the combustion process and is removed from the fluidized-bed furnace 2 by the heat exchangers 17, 18 is brought via the circulation line 20 into the heat exchanger 21 within the steam generator 14. There she contributes to steam generation.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=41480447

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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Family Cites Families (20)

• 2008
  • 2008-11-21 DE DE102008058501A patent/DE102008058501B4/de active Active
• 2009
  • 2009-10-17 EP EP09752280A patent/EP2347182A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-10-17 BR BRPI0921003A patent/BRPI0921003A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-10-17 CN CN2009801461712A patent/CN102216686A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-10-17 RU RU2011124511/03A patent/RU2508503C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-10-17 WO PCT/EP2009/007466 patent/WO2010057554A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-10-17 US US13/129,819 patent/US20110219993A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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