EP2334843A1 - Verfahren zum elektrolytischen abscheiden von chrom und chromlegierungen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum elektrolytischen abscheiden von chrom und chromlegierungenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2334843A1 EP2334843A1 EP09778779A EP09778779A EP2334843A1 EP 2334843 A1 EP2334843 A1 EP 2334843A1 EP 09778779 A EP09778779 A EP 09778779A EP 09778779 A EP09778779 A EP 09778779A EP 2334843 A1 EP2334843 A1 EP 2334843A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- iii
- sulfate
- solution
- hydroxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical group [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cr+3] VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 chromium (III) ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000356 chromium(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011696 chromium(III) sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000015217 chromium(III) sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- DSHWASKZZBZKOE-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);hydroxide;sulfate Chemical compound [OH-].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DSHWASKZZBZKOE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021555 Chromium Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DQIPXGFHRRCVHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium zinc Chemical group [Cr].[Zn] DQIPXGFHRRCVHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RAGLTCMTCZHYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K azanium;chromium(3+);disulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RAGLTCMTCZHYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YETKGQMGLZKKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;chromium Chemical compound [Cr].CC(O)=O YETKGQMGLZKKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OIDPCXKPHYRNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-J chrome alum Chemical compound [K]OS(=O)(=O)O[Cr]1OS(=O)(=O)O1 OIDPCXKPHYRNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012721 chromium Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(III) sulfate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010414 supernatant solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021556 Chromium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XHFVDZNDZCNTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XHFVDZNDZCNTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000011636 chromium(III) chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007831 chromium(III) chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ABXXWVKOBZHNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ABXXWVKOBZHNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Cr+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- QOWZHEWZFLTYQP-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);triformate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O QOWZHEWZFLTYQP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XVHFYNOGAFYRJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(ii) oxalate Chemical compound [Cr+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O XVHFYNOGAFYRJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LXMQZGGLHVSEBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Cr] LXMQZGGLHVSEBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MGCQZNBCJBRZDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N midodrine hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)CNC(=O)CN)=C1 MGCQZNBCJBRZDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/06—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium from solutions of trivalent chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/06—Filtering particles other than ions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/16—Regeneration of process solutions
- C25D21/18—Regeneration of process solutions of electrolytes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the deposition of chromium and chromium alloys on metals and in particular on steel sheets.
- EP 0 285 931 A1 discloses a corrosion-resistant coated steel sheet and a method for producing the same.
- a zinc-chromium-based alloy is deposited on at least one side of the steel sheet containing chromium in an amount of more than 5 wt .-% but not more than 40 wt .-%, wherein the the remaining amount of zinc is omitted.
- zinc ions and trivalent chromium ions or a mixture of trivalent chromium ions with a mixture of at least one metal of the iron family and zinc are deposited from an acidic electrolysis solution.
- the zinc ions in an amount of about 10 g / l - 150 g / l
- the chromium ions in an amount of 10 g / l - 100 g / l
- the iron metal ions in an amount of 10 g / l l - 100 g / l.
- the contents should be from 0.2 mol / l - 3 mol / l of zinc and chromium ions.
- the anions are either sulfate or chloride ions, with a complexing agent added and an antioxidant.
- the method according to EP 0 285 931 A1 envisages introducing the trivalent chromium ions by combining metallic zinc and an aqueous solution of hexavalent chromium with the acidic coating solution containing zinc ions and trivalent chromium ions.
- Metallic zinc dissolves and the hexavalent chromium ions are converted into trivalent ones.
- DE 10 2006 035 871 B3 discloses a method for depositing chromium layers as a hard chrome plating, plating bath and hard chrome-plated surfaces and their use.
- the plating bath is prepared with an ammonium chromium sulfate, chromium chloride and chromium sulfate. It is mentioned that a metered addition and removal of sulfuric acid is necessary, whereby chromium must be depleted in the chromium plating in the electrolyte and redissolved as sulfate or chloride. The accumulation of sulfate must be prevented by complicated separation of anode and cathode space with constant acid removal (pH control). The permanent increase in sulfate concentration that occurs as a result leads to complete replacement of the bath after a period of time.
- a chrome plating process using trivalent chromium in which a chromium plating bath containing chromium and an electrode are used.
- the trivalent chromium should be from the group, which consists of chromium (III) sulfate, chromium (III) chloride, chromium (III) oxalate, chromium (III) carbonate and chromium (III) hydroxide. It must be noted, however, that
- Chromium (III) hydroxide is not commercially available and is not commercially available, since it is not stable.
- DE 195 23 307 A1 mentions that chromium is supplemented with rivant chromium chloride, and the control of the pH with sodium hydroxide does not prevent the accumulation of chlorides in electrolytes.
- DE 35 30 223 C2 relates to an acidic bath for the electrodeposition of alloys of chromium with at least one of the metals iron, nickel, cobalt, in which case also chromium (III) salts, but no chromium hydroxide are mentioned. Even from this citation, a solution to the problem of accumulation of sulfates is not known.
- DE 24 57 582 C3 relates to an aqueous, acid chromium (III) based chromium chromate bath containing trivalent chromium, bromide ions, ammonium ions and oxygen-containing anions as complexing agents.
- the chromium can be filled, for example, as chromium (III) chloride or chromium (III) sulfate, using as a suitable chromium source Chromgerblauge, z.
- Other suitable salts should be chromium formate or acetate.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for the electrolytic deposition of chromium and chromium alloys on metals, which is unproblematic with respect to environmental protection and occupational safety and reliably allows the continuous deposition of chromium and chromium alloys, without affecting the quality.
- the zinc-chromium deposition it is necessary for the zinc-chromium deposition to continuously re-sharpen the electrolyte during production with zinc and with chromium, in order to ensure a consistent production result.
- Zinc can be dissolved in the electrolyte in a simple manner due to the acidic pH.
- Metallic chromium does not dissolve in the acidic electrolyte, but Cr (III) ions are required for deposition.
- Cr (III) compound that dissolves well in the electrolyte and does not introduce foreign anions, as in the prior art. Chromium oxide is difficult to dissolve and not suitable.
- Chromium (VI) compounds can not be used due to occupational safety and environmental regulations.
- the likewise known reduction of CrO 3 with hydrogen peroxide is too dangerous.
- freshly precipitated chromium hydroxide (Cr (OH) 3 ) is used to re-sharpen the electrolysis solution of Cr (III) ions.
- Cr (OH) 3 is not stable and eventually transforms into insoluble chromium oxide.
- the inventive method provides, from a solution containing basic chromium sulfate or other water-soluble chromium (III) compound such as potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, chromium chloride, chromium acetate, chromium nitrate and the like, by adding Zinc oxide and possibly an alkali (ammonia, caustic soda, etc.) to produce a cake of zinc oxide and chromium hydroxide.
- the zinc oxide causes the necessary for the precipitation increase in the pH, as well as a good filterability of the filter cake.
- the addition of zinc oxide is dispensed with and the pH is increased with other suitable substances.
- This precipitate of zinc oxide and chromium hydroxide is separated from the precipitating solution immediately after the precipitation and dissolved in the electrolyte so as to raise the zinc and chromium concentration, but the formation of the insoluble chromium oxide is avoided.
- chromium (III) ions are introduced into the electrolyte from the original chromium (III) solution in a simple and easy-to-control manner, without additionally introducing a disturbing anion.
- the advantage here is that the chromium (III) compound used does not have to be present in high purity, since the precipitation process cleans the product.
- Basic chromium sulfate is a readily available mass-produced product. The sodium contained in addition to the sulfate also does not interfere with this process, as it remains in the filtrate and is completely separated by the precipitation.
- a typical basic chromium sulfate having a basicity of 33% has the following typical oxide composition:
- a first reaction vessel 1 for example a collecting trough, water, zinc oxide and basic chromium sulfate are admixed, the starting solution being assumed to contain 100% zinc, chromium, sodium and sulphate ions.
- This mixture is stirred accordingly and it comes to the precipitation reaction.
- This supernatant solution and the precipitation sludge are fed via a pump 2 a filter unit. Separation of the sludge from the filtrate can also be effected by sedimentation, centrifugation or another solid / liquid separation process.
- the precipitation sludge and the supernatant solution are separated, the filtrate, so the supernatant solution is separated and of the initial amount of each 100% still 24% zinc, 0% chromium, 100% sodium and 65% SO 4 .
- the resulting filter cake contains after a single wash 76% zinc, 100% chromium, 0% sodium and 25% SO 4 based on the starting solution. The amount of sulfate can be further reduced by additional washing of the cake.
- the resulting filter cake is the electrolysis vessel 4 and the electrolyte added and dissolved in this optionally with the help of mechanical devices.
- the solution of the filter cake in the electrolyte can take place in vessels, which are in connection with the electrolysis vessels, in which the actual deposition is carried out, but spatially and with respect to the supply diameter are separated so that the dissolution of the filter cake does not interfere with the deposition.
- pumps can then be provided in such a way that there is a constant exchange, for example in the form of a flow circuit.
- the Nachbulrf pocket of Cr (III) - ions during the deposition is determined and the filter cake accordingly prepared discontinuously, but if possible made available so that after dissolving a first filter cake the next filter cake is ready for dissolution, but with respect to its storage time none Shows signs of aging.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008050034A DE102008050034B4 (de) | 2008-10-01 | 2008-10-01 | Verfahren zum elektrolytischen Abscheiden von Chrom und Chromlegierungen |
| PCT/EP2009/007021 WO2010037532A1 (de) | 2008-10-01 | 2009-09-30 | Verfahren zum elektrolytischen abscheiden von chrom und chromlegierungen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2334843A1 true EP2334843A1 (de) | 2011-06-22 |
Family
ID=41402416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09778779A Withdrawn EP2334843A1 (de) | 2008-10-01 | 2009-09-30 | Verfahren zum elektrolytischen abscheiden von chrom und chromlegierungen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110272285A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2334843A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102008050034B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010037532A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT520829B1 (de) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-08-15 | Andritz Ag Maschf | Verfahren zum Verchromen von Metallbändern |
| EP4151779A1 (de) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-22 | Trivalent Oberflächentechnik GmbH | Chrom-indium-, chrom-bismut- und chrom-antimon-beschichtung, verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2141125A1 (de) * | 2007-04-27 | 2010-01-06 | Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chromhydroxid, herstellungsverfahren dafür, dreiwertiges chrom enthaltende lösung unter verwendung davon und verchromungsverfahren |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1446603A (en) * | 1972-09-22 | 1976-08-18 | Kayaba Industry Co Ltd | Method for the recycle treatment of waste water from chromium plating |
| GB1455580A (en) * | 1973-12-13 | 1976-11-17 | Albright & Wilson | Electrodeposition of chromium |
| AU510617B2 (en) * | 1975-12-18 | 1980-07-03 | Albright & Wilson (Australia) Limited | Trivalent chromium electroplating baths |
| PL111516B1 (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1980-09-30 | Process for metals recovery with simultaneous neutralization of toxic aqueous wastes,concentrated plating solution and toxic vapours in ventilation systems and apparatus therefor | |
| ATE33686T1 (de) * | 1982-02-09 | 1988-05-15 | Ibm | Elektrolytische abscheidung von chrom und seinen legierungen. |
| US4543167A (en) * | 1982-03-05 | 1985-09-24 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Control of anode gas evolution in trivalent chromium plating bath |
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| US4680126A (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1987-07-14 | Frankard James M | Separation and recovery of reusable heavy metal hydroxides from metal finishing wastewaters |
| DE3882769T2 (de) * | 1987-03-31 | 1993-11-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Korrosionsbeständiges plattiertes Stahlband und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung. |
| JP3188361B2 (ja) * | 1994-06-27 | 2001-07-16 | ペルメレック電極株式会社 | クロムめっき方法 |
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| DE19506297A1 (de) * | 1995-02-23 | 1996-08-29 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Verfahren und Anlage zum Regenerieren von Sulfatelektrolyt bei der Stahlband-Verzinkung |
| JPH08246198A (ja) * | 1995-03-06 | 1996-09-24 | Nippon Denko Kk | クロム合金系電気めっきに使用する塩基性硫酸クロム |
| JP2918832B2 (ja) * | 1995-12-15 | 1999-07-12 | 日英ハードクローム工業株式会社 | クロムめっきにおけるクロムめっき液、クロムめっき廃液、クロム酸洗浄水用クローズド・リサイクル・システム |
| ES2669050T3 (es) * | 2006-03-31 | 2018-05-23 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Depósito de cromo cristalino |
| DE102006035871B3 (de) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-03-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Chromschichten als Hartverchromung, Galvanisierungsbad sowie hartverchromte Oberflächen und deren Verwendung |
| WO2009146175A2 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-12-03 | Akridge James R | Sustainable recovery of metal compounds |
-
2008
- 2008-10-01 DE DE102008050034A patent/DE102008050034B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-09-30 EP EP09778779A patent/EP2334843A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-09-30 WO PCT/EP2009/007021 patent/WO2010037532A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2009-09-30 US US13/122,381 patent/US20110272285A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2141125A1 (de) * | 2007-04-27 | 2010-01-06 | Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chromhydroxid, herstellungsverfahren dafür, dreiwertiges chrom enthaltende lösung unter verwendung davon und verchromungsverfahren |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2010037532A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008050034B4 (de) | 2013-02-21 |
| WO2010037532A1 (de) | 2010-04-08 |
| DE102008050034A1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
| US20110272285A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
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