EP2326879B1 - Hinterlüftete feuerfeste wand, insbesondere für einen verbrennungsofen - Google Patents

Hinterlüftete feuerfeste wand, insbesondere für einen verbrennungsofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2326879B1
EP2326879B1 EP09775765.2A EP09775765A EP2326879B1 EP 2326879 B1 EP2326879 B1 EP 2326879B1 EP 09775765 A EP09775765 A EP 09775765A EP 2326879 B1 EP2326879 B1 EP 2326879B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
boiler
tiles
grooves
protective
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09775765.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2326879A2 (de
Inventor
Andreas Kern
Karl-Ulrich Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mokesys AG
Original Assignee
Mokesys AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mokesys AG filed Critical Mokesys AG
Publication of EP2326879A2 publication Critical patent/EP2326879A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2326879B1 publication Critical patent/EP2326879B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05001—Preventing corrosion by using special lining materials or other techniques

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ventilated fire-resistant wall with a boiler wall and a superior distance from the boiler wall refractory protective cover according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • refractory walls are e.g. used in combustion chambers of combustion plants.
  • the boiler wall is often designed as a metal pipe wall and is usually made of webs connected by pipes.
  • the fire-resistant protective cover which is suspended at a distance from the pipe wall, is intended to protect the pipe wall from corrosion by flue gases.
  • Refractory walls are e.g. also used in fluidized bed ovens, where the boiler wall consists of a more or less thick simple metal wall. Again, the boiler wall or metal wall to be protected from corrosion.
  • the boiler walls and protective coverings are often exposed to temperatures of over 1000 ° C in today's incinerators and experience even with a suitable choice of material due to the large temperature differences of the individual operating conditions strains and contractions.
  • the differences in temperature are generally greater for the protective linings than for the boiler walls themselves, which must be taken into account in the choice of material and / or design of the protective linings, so that the protective linings are not destroyed by greater strains and contractions than the boiler walls.
  • the protective panels or the plates thereof are therefore usually not rigidly attached to the boiler walls but with play, so that compensating movements parallel to the boiler walls are possible to a limited extent.
  • the choice of a suitable material for the protective covering makes it possible for the protective covering to be matched to the boiler wall for every operating condition.
  • protective linings made of ceramic materials, in particular SiC have proven successful, although the SiC content can be very different.
  • SiC masses or SiC plates with a SiC content of 30% -90% are used.
  • the panels of the protective cover are usually mutually sealed by various measures to some extent to prevent the passage of flue gases. However, in practice this alone can not completely avoid that corrosive flue gases can pass through the protective cover and attack the boiler wall.
  • So-called ventilated wall systems address this problem by the fact that through the space between the boiler wall and the superior protective cover a protective gas - in general air - is pumped through.
  • the gas or air is in this case with respect to the combustion chamber under a slight overpressure, which prevents the flue gases from penetrating from the combustion chamber into the wall space and can attack the boiler wall or other metal parts.
  • Conventional wall systems of this type have a relatively high air requirement and require an undesirably high pump power.
  • a ventilated refractory wall having the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 9016206 U1 known.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a fireproof wall of the generic type to the effect that on the one hand the boiler wall is reliably protected from corrosion by flue gases and on the other hand, a process-optimized heat transfer between the protective panel and the boiler wall is ensured and the protective gas pumping power is minimized.
  • the refractory wall is designed as a ventilated system and comprises gas supply means for supplying a protective gas, usually air, into the space between the boiler wall and the protective covering.
  • the protective gas flowing through the wall prevents the penetration of flue gases into the wall.
  • the supply of the gas or the air takes place through the boiler wall in the region of the vertical through grooves present in the plates, via which the gas or the air can be distributed over the entire wall with the lowest pressure drop.
  • the distance between the boiler wall and protective cover can be reduced to a few millimeters, and it can be done with relatively small protective gas or air volumes, which in turn has the advantage that even little additional waste gas is obtained. Due to the small distance between boiler wall and protective cover, the heat transfer is significantly increased. The low pressure drop in the grooves results in a considerable energy saving.
  • the grooves of adjacent superimposed plates are aligned and in communicative connection.
  • the gas supply means advantageously comprise inlet openings which are arranged in the region of the grooves in the boiler wall.
  • the inlet openings are preferably arranged distributed in the lower region of the boiler wall or over the boiler wall surface.
  • the boiler wall is a pipe wall of pipes connected by webs and the inlet openings are arranged in the region of the webs.
  • the gap width of the intermediate space is advantageously ⁇ 5 mm, preferably ⁇ 3 mm.
  • the wall has means for removing the protective gas from the intermediate space and the grooves.
  • the means for removing the protective gas advantageously have the protective covering or the boiler wall by cross-outlet openings, which are preferably arranged in the uppermost region of the wall.
  • the outlet openings are advantageously formed by non-sealed areas of the plate joints.
  • the plate mounts each comprise a bolted to the boiler wall, preferably welded, internally threaded pin and a flat plate support surface and a screw screwed into the bolt, with the distance of the held plate can be varied from the boiler wall.
  • the plates of at least one horizontal row of plates are arranged opposite the other plates at an approximately greater distance from the vessel wall and thereby form a transverse channel through which protective gas, in particular air, can be distributed over the wall width.
  • At least some laterally adjacent plates are provided with a continuous, substantially horizontally extending transverse channel, which connects the vertical grooves of these plates communicating with each other.
  • the plates provided with the transverse channel are advantageously arranged above or below wall installations and / or in spaced-apart plate rows.
  • the plates are provided with turbulence elements, which generate in the flowing between the plates and the boiler wall inert gas vortices and thereby increase the heat transfer between the plates and the boiler wall.
  • the swirl elements are advantageously formed by raised and / or recessed areas of the plates, which face the boiler wall.
  • the protective gas or the discharged air removed from the refractory wall is preferably returned to the refractory wall and / or fed into the incinerator as primary gas or air and / or secondary gas or air.
  • top, bottom, width, height, vertical, horizontal, transverse, on top of each other, etc. refer to the usual orientation of the wall in practical use.
  • the pipe wall 1 consists of a plurality of vertical use in practice pipes 11, which are held together by webs 12 at a mutual distance.
  • the tubes 11 and the webs 12 are usually made of steel.
  • the protective covering 2 consists of a plurality of juxtaposed and superimposed refractory plates 21, which interlock, for example, by complementary shaping of their edges and in this way are mutually sealed to a certain extent.
  • the joints between the plates 21 are denoted by 23.
  • the plates are, for example, ceramic SiC plates, preferably SiC 90 plates having an SiC content of about 90% in the production, which are fire resistant up to over 1000 ° C.
  • Each plate 21 is fastened to the tube wall 1 by, for example, four plate holders 22.
  • the plate mounts are made of heat-resistant steel, eg steel no. 310 according to ANSI standard or material no. 1.4845 according to DIN 17440.
  • the plate mounts 22 essentially comprise one each on a web 12 welded square bolt 22a with internal thread and flattened side surfaces 22b and a screwed into the square bolt 22a screw 22c ( Fig. 4 ).
  • the plate mounts 22 engage in continuous vertical, inwardly expanded open grooves 21 a of the plates 21 and set the distance of the plates 21 to the tube wall.
  • the plates 21 are movable to some extent, so as to allow thermally induced expansion or contraction movements.
  • the plates 21 are on their side facing the tube wall, the tubes 11 form adapted (cylindrical grooves 21 c, Fig. 6 ), so that the clear width or gap width d of the gap 3 between the pipe wall 1 and the protective covering 2 over the entire wall is substantially approximately constant.
  • the plates 21 of the protective cover 2 are preferably mutually sealed in a double manner.
  • the z-shaped plate joints 23 of the protective covering 2 are sealed by inserted ceramic sealing strips 23a of refractory material and by an additional putty mass 23b.
  • the ceramic sealing strips 23a impart some flexibility but do not provide an absolute seal. The latter is achieved by the additional putty seal 23b.
  • the refractory wall W is designed as a ventilated system. This means that the gap 3 between the protective covering 2 and the boiler wall, in the first embodiment of the tube wall 1, during operation of a protective gas - usually air - flows through.
  • the gas (or the air) in the intermediate space has a slight overpressure relative to the combustion chamber of the combustion furnace. This prevents corrosive flue gases from leaking through the protective covering from the combustion chamber into the intermediate space 3 and can attack the pipe wall 1.
  • inlet openings 31 and outlet openings 32 are provided in the wall, the inlet openings 31 communicating with and communicating with one or more supply channels or channels 33. be fed this ( Figures 2 and 3 ).
  • the protective gas or air supply takes place from the side of the boiler wall, wherein the inlet openings 31 pass through the boiler wall, here the pipe wall 1, in the area of their webs 12 ( FIGS. 3 and 4 ).
  • the outlet openings 32 ( Fig. 1 ) pass through the protective cover 2, whereby the inert gas flowing through the gap 3 is discharged into the boiler.
  • the outlet openings instead of in the protective casing 2 in the boiler wall, in particular in webs 12 of the pipe wall 1, arranged and the protective gas over this be discharged to the outside (similar Fig. 4 but instead of the inlet opening 31 shown there, a corresponding outlet opening and with the reverse direction of the protective gas flow).
  • the protective gas discharged to the outside is preferably conveyed into a comb box 33 a (FIG. 3 a) arranged on the outside of the boiler wall.
  • Fig. 8 in which a negative pressure is built up for this purpose.
  • the shielding gas discharged to the outside can be analyzed for harmful substances if necessary.
  • the Fig. 8 shows how the inventive refractory wall W is inserted into an incinerator.
  • the incinerator designated as a whole by 100 comprises, in a manner known per se, a material entry space 110 and a combustion chamber 120.
  • the refractory wall W is arranged in the region of the combustion chamber 120 and forms part of its wall.
  • the supply of protective gas or air takes place in the lower region of the wall W via the aforementioned comb box 33.
  • the further comb box or collecting channel 33a is arranged, via which the protective gas or the air is again removed from the refractory wall W.
  • the discharged protective gas or the discharged air can either be fed back into the refractory wall W via the lower comb box 33 (arrow 113) or fed to the incinerator 100.
  • the feed into the incinerator can take place in the entry space 110 as a primary gas or air (arrow 111) and / or at the lower end of the combustion chamber 120 as a secondary gas or air (arrow 112).
  • the outlet openings 32 are preferably arranged in the region of the upper edge of the refractory wall, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is indicated schematically.
  • the outlet ports 32 may be formed by unsealed portions of the plate joints 23 or alternatively, as discussed above, through openings in the lands 12 of the tube wall 1.
  • the inlet ports 31 may be located at the foot of the wall, ie near its lower edge this in Fig. 2 is shown. However, the inlet openings 31 may also be distributed over the entire wall surface or individual areas thereof.
  • An essential aspect of the invention is that the feed of the protective gas or the air directly in the area of the continuous open grooves 21 a of the plates 21 takes place, as shown in particular from FIGS. 3 and 4 is apparent.
  • the supplied air is symbolized by the arrow L.
  • the inlet openings 31 are arranged in the webs 12 in the region of the open grooves 21a.
  • the supplied gas or air passes primarily directly into the open grooves 21 a and can be distributed over this as a result of their relatively large cross section without great flow resistance over the entire wall. This allows to greatly reduce the gap 3 between the boiler wall or here the pipe wall 1 and the curtain guard 2, wherein the gap width d ( Fig. 4 ) in practice only 1-5 mm, preferably 1-3 mm.
  • the tube wall 1, the plates 21 harmless contact also in places.
  • the grooves 21 a as inert gas or Heilverteilkanäle within the wall and the reduced clearance d between the pipe wall 1 and protective cover 2 can be done with lower gas or air volumes and there are extremely low pressure losses.
  • the required pressure over the internal pressure of the tank can be reduced to 1-10 mbar, preferably even 1-5 mbar. This in turn leads to significant energy savings in practical operation.
  • the smaller distance between the pipe wall and the protective cover considerably increases the heat transfer.
  • a further improvement of the protective gas or air distribution within the wall can be achieved according to an advantageous development of the invention in that horizontal plate rows of the protective covering at certain vertical intervals, For example, each 2-4 m, are arranged at a slightly greater distance from the pipe wall than the other plates, so that horizontal transverse channels are formed, through which the air can spread over the wall width.
  • substantially horizontally extending transverse channels may be formed, as shown in FIGS Figures 5 and 6 is clarified.
  • This is particularly important when the wall in practical use internals, such as a burner or a window, which interrupt the vertical grooves locally, so that the above or in an alternative embodiment - when supplying inert gas or air from above Her - under the internals lying wall parts can not be supplied directly with inert gas or air.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a section of a wall with a built-40. It can be seen that the grooves 21a are interrupted in the region of the built-40.
  • the plates 21 of the located directly above the built-in plate row with transverse channels 21 b are provided which connect the vertically extending grooves 21 a of the plates 21 of the plate row communicating.
  • protective gas or air from the laterally adjacent, uninterrupted grooves 21 a transversely into the grooves 21 a of the overlying the insert 40 plates 21 flow, as shown in the Fig. 5 is illustrated by the unmarked flow arrows.
  • the Fig. 6 shows a plate 21 in which a transverse channel 21b is formed.
  • the transverse channel 21b is open on both sides of the plate 21, so that the transverse channels of adjacent plates form a continuous flow path.
  • the transverse channels 21b do not have to extend through the entire plate row lying above the built-in 40. In practice, it is sufficient if the plates lying above the built-in plates are connected in a communicating manner at least on one side, but preferably on both sides, with at least one adjacent plate of the row of plates lying laterally outside the fitting. Even if the vertical flow of inert gas or air is interrupted by no internals, it may be in the interests of better Flow distribution be advantageous to arrange at intervals plate rows with transverse channels or even equip all plates with transverse channels.
  • the heat transfer between the plates of the protective covering 2 and the pipe wall 1 can be increased by arranging swirling elements in the flow path of the protective gas or the air, as is purely apparent in the example Figures 9-12 is shown.
  • the turbulators may be formed by raised arcuate ribs 21d in the region of the cylindrical grooves 21c of the plates 21.
  • the turbulence elements can also be formed by recesses 21 e in the region of the flow paths of the protective gas or the air.
  • the swirling elements may also comprise peg-like elements 21 f, which project into the open grooves 21 a.
  • the protective gas or air supply via one or more supply channels 33, which are preferably designed as a comb box.
  • the required for the passage of the air blower is driven for example via a frequency-controlled motor, wherein the pressure in the grooves 21 a measured at one or more locations and used to control the fan. In this way, the energy requirement can be optimized or minimized.
  • the boiler wall of the refractory wall according to the invention does not have to be designed as a tube wall, but can also be, for example, a normal metal wall.
  • the Fig. 7 shows schematically a second embodiment in which the boiler wall is formed as such a flat metal wall 1 '. Also in this embodiment, the feeding of the air into the grooves 21a of the plates 21 and the attendant reduction in the gap width of the gap 3 causes the mentioned advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP09775765.2A 2008-08-26 2009-08-21 Hinterlüftete feuerfeste wand, insbesondere für einen verbrennungsofen Active EP2326879B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01362/08A CH699406A2 (de) 2008-08-26 2008-08-26 Hinterlüftete feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
PCT/CH2009/000277 WO2010022523A2 (de) 2008-08-26 2009-08-21 Hinterlüftete feuerfeste wand, insbesondere für einen verbrennungsofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2326879A2 EP2326879A2 (de) 2011-06-01
EP2326879B1 true EP2326879B1 (de) 2016-09-21

Family

ID=41693024

Family Applications (1)

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EP09775765.2A Active EP2326879B1 (de) 2008-08-26 2009-08-21 Hinterlüftete feuerfeste wand, insbesondere für einen verbrennungsofen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20110146596A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP2326879B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP5530442B2 (pt)
CH (1) CH699406A2 (pt)
DK (1) DK2326879T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2606727T3 (pt)
PL (1) PL2326879T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT2326879T (pt)
WO (1) WO2010022523A2 (pt)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109974026A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2019-07-05 上海炳晟机电科技有限公司 一种逆向空气流减磨循环流化床锅炉膜式水冷壁

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103712233B (zh) * 2014-01-02 2016-03-09 国家电网公司 适用于大型电站锅炉智能型水冷壁高温腐蚀防止系统及方法
DE102014009047A1 (de) * 2014-06-24 2015-12-24 Norbert Langen Seitenwandkülung für Verbrennungs - und Feuerungsanlagen
CH710497B1 (de) * 2014-12-01 2018-08-31 Mokesys Ag Feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
CH710597A1 (de) 2015-01-07 2016-07-15 Mokesys Ag Feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
CN107806633A (zh) * 2016-09-09 2018-03-16 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院有限公司 Cfb锅炉气膜防磨水冷壁结构
CH714933B1 (de) 2018-04-26 2021-06-15 Mokesys Ag Feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
CN109458631B (zh) * 2018-11-15 2024-02-27 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 防止四角切圆锅炉水冷壁高温腐蚀的贴壁风系统及方法
WO2021226332A1 (en) 2020-05-07 2021-11-11 Zampell Refractories, Inc. Tile assembly for a waterwall panel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9016206U1 (de) * 1990-11-29 1991-02-14 Jünger & Gräter GmbH & Co KG, 6830 Schwetzingen Anordnung einer feuerfesten Auskleidung mittels Stahlrohraggregate abdeckenden Platten, wobei die Platten mittels an die Rohre verbindenden Rohrflossen angeschweißten Halterungen fixiert sind

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109974026A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2019-07-05 上海炳晟机电科技有限公司 一种逆向空气流减磨循环流化床锅炉膜式水冷壁

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH699406A2 (de) 2010-02-26
DK2326879T3 (en) 2017-01-16
ES2606727T3 (es) 2017-03-27
WO2010022523A3 (de) 2010-04-22
JP5530442B2 (ja) 2014-06-25
PL2326879T3 (pl) 2017-03-31
WO2010022523A2 (de) 2010-03-04
JP2012500957A (ja) 2012-01-12
PT2326879T (pt) 2016-12-27
EP2326879A2 (de) 2011-06-01
US20110146596A1 (en) 2011-06-23

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