EP2326765B1 - In-situ-gummiertes schichtkabel zur karkassenverstärkung von reifen - Google Patents

In-situ-gummiertes schichtkabel zur karkassenverstärkung von reifen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2326765B1
EP2326765B1 EP09777384.0A EP09777384A EP2326765B1 EP 2326765 B1 EP2326765 B1 EP 2326765B1 EP 09777384 A EP09777384 A EP 09777384A EP 2326765 B1 EP2326765 B1 EP 2326765B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
cord
rubber
wires
cables
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09777384.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2326765A1 (de
Inventor
Thibaud Pottier
Henri Barguet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Original Assignee
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland, Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA, Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France filed Critical Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Publication of EP2326765A1 publication Critical patent/EP2326765A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2326765B1 publication Critical patent/EP2326765B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/062—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
    • D07B1/0626—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration the reinforcing cords consisting of three core wires or filaments and at least one layer of outer wires or filaments, i.e. a 3+N configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/0613—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the rope configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/165—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2006—Wires or filaments characterised by a value or range of the dimension given
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2023—Strands with core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2025—Strands twisted characterised by a value or range of the pitch parameter given
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2027—Compact winding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2027—Compact winding
    • D07B2201/2028—Compact winding having the same lay direction and lay pitch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2029—Open winding
    • D07B2201/2031—Different twist pitch
    • D07B2201/2032—Different twist pitch compared with the core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2038—Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2039—Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments three to eight wires or filaments respectively forming a single layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2046—Strands comprising fillers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2059—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires
    • D07B2201/2061—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires resulting in a twisted structure
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2059—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires
    • D07B2201/2062—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires comprising fillers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2065—Cores characterised by their structure comprising a coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2075—Fillers
    • D07B2201/2079—Fillers characterised by the kind or amount of filling
    • D07B2201/2081—Fillers characterised by the kind or amount of filling having maximum filling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2046—Tire cords
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices
    • D07B7/14—Machine details; Auxiliary devices for coating or wrapping ropes, cables, or component strands thereof
    • D07B7/145—Coating or filling-up interstices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
    • Y10S57/902—Reinforcing or tire cords

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to two-layered metal cables, 3 + N construction, used in particular for the reinforcement of rubber articles.
  • tires and carcass reinforcement also called “carcasses”, of these tires, in particular to reinforcement of tire carcasses for industrial vehicles such as heavy goods vehicles.
  • a radial tire comprises in known manner a tread, two inextensible beads, two flanks connecting the beads to the tread and a belt circumferentially disposed between the carcass reinforcement and the tread.
  • This carcass reinforcement is constituted in known manner by at least one ply (or “layer”) of rubber reinforced by reinforcement elements (“reinforcements”) such as cords or monofilaments, generally of the metal type in the case of pneumatic tires for industrial vehicles.
  • layered cords For the reinforcement of the above carcass reinforcements, use is generally made of steel wires ( “steel cords”) called “layers” ( “layered cords”) consisting of a central core and one or more layers of concentric wires arranged around this soul.
  • the most widely used layered cables are essentially M + N or M + N + P construction cables, formed of a core of M wire (s) surrounded by at least one layer of N wires which may itself be surrounded by an outer layer of P son, the M, N or P son having generally the same diameter for reasons of simplification and cost.
  • the layered cables must first have good flexibility and a high endurance in flexion, which implies in particular that their son have a relatively small diameter, preferably less than 0, 30 mm, more preferably less than 0.20 mm, generally smaller than that of the son used in conventional cables for tire crown reinforcement.
  • the two-layer cables most used today in the tire carcass reinforcement are essentially 3 + N construction cables consisting of a core or inner layer of 3 wires and of an outer layer of N son (for example, 8 or 9 son), the assembly may be optionally shrunk by an outer hoop thread wound helically around the outer layer.
  • This type of construction promotes, as is known, the external penetrability of the cable by the tire calendering rubber or other rubber article during the cooking of the latter, and consequently improves the endurance of the cables. fatigue-fretting corrosion.
  • construction cables 3 + N have the disadvantage that they are not penetrable to the core because of the presence of a channel or capillary in the center of the three core wires, which remains empty after external impregnation with rubber and therefore conducive, by a kind of "wicking" effect, to the propagation of corrosive media such as water.
  • This disadvantage of construction cables 3 + N is well known, it has been exposed for example in patent applications WO 01/00922 , WO 01/49926 , WO 2005/071157 , WO 2006/013077 .
  • the method described in this application consists of individually sheathing (ie, single, "wire to wire”) with raw rubber, upstream of the point of assembly of the three wires (or torsion point ), one or preferably each of the three son to obtain an inner layer sheathed with rubber, before the subsequent introduction of the N son of the outer layer by wiring around the inner layer and sheathed.
  • calendering consists in transforming the cable, by incorporation between two layers of rubber in the green state, into a rubberized metal fabric used as a semi-finished product for any subsequent manufacture, for example for making a tire. .
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a cable for the reinforcement of articles or semi-finished products of rubber, for example webs, pipes, belts, conveyor belts, tires.
  • the cable of the invention is particularly intended to be used as reinforcing element of a tire carcass reinforcement intended for industrial vehicles such as vans and vehicles known as "HGVs", that is to say vehicles metro, bus, road transport equipment such as trucks, tractors, trailers, or off-the-road vehicles, agricultural or civil engineering machinery, and any other type of transport or handling vehicle.
  • HVs industrial vehicles
  • vehicles metro, bus, road transport equipment such as trucks, tractors, trailers, or off-the-road vehicles, agricultural or civil engineering machinery, and any other type of transport or handling vehicle.
  • the invention further relates to these articles or semi-finished rubber products themselves when reinforced by a cable according to the invention, in particular tires for industrial vehicles such as vans or HGVs.
  • Fm maximum load in N
  • Rm tensile strength in MPa
  • At total elongation in %
  • the modulus measurements are carried out in tension, unless otherwise indicated according to ASTM D 412 of 1998 (test piece “C"): it is measured in second elongation (ie after one cycle). accommodation) the secant modulus "true” (i.e., reduced to the actual section of the test specimen) at 10% elongation, noted E10 and expressed in MPa (normal conditions of temperature and hygrometry according to ASTM D 1349 of 1999).
  • This test makes it possible to determine the longitudinal permeability to the air of the cables tested, by measuring the volume of air passing through a specimen under constant pressure for a given time.
  • the principle of such a test is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment of a cable to make it impermeable to air; it has been described for example in ASTM D2692-98.
  • the test is here performed either on raw manufacturing cables, or on cables extracted from tires or rubber sheets they reinforce, so already coated with rubber in the cooked state.
  • the raw manufacturing cables must first be coated from the outside with a so-called coating gum.
  • a series of 10 cables arranged in parallel (inter-cable distance: 20 mm) is placed between two skims (two rectangles of 80 x 200 mm) of a rubber composition in the raw state, each skim having a thickness 3.5 mm; the whole is then locked in a mold, each of the cables being kept under a sufficient tension (for example 2 daN) to ensure its straightness during the establishment in the mold, using clamping modules; then the vulcanization (baking) is carried out for 40 min at a temperature of 140 ° C and a pressure of 15 bar (rectangular piston 80 x 200 mm). After that, the assembly is demolded and cut 10 pieces of cables thus coated, for example in the form of parallelepipeds of dimensions 7x7x20 mm, for characterization.
  • the test is carried out for example on 2 cm of cable length, thus coated by its surrounding rubber composition (or coating gum), in the following manner: air is sent to the cable entry, under a pressure of 1 bar, and the volume of air at the outlet is measured using a flow meter (calibrated for example from 0 to 500 cm 3 / min).
  • a flow meter calibrated for example from 0 to 500 cm 3 / min.
  • the cable sample is locked in a compressed seal (eg a dense foam or rubber seal) in such a way that only the amount of air passing through the cable from one end to the other, along its longitudinal axis, is taken into account by the measure; the tightness of the seal is checked beforehand with the aid of a solid rubber specimen, that is to say without cable.
  • a compressed seal eg a dense foam or rubber seal
  • the average air flow measured (average of the 10 specimens) is even lower than the longitudinal imperviousness of the cable is high.
  • the measured values less than or equal to 0.2 cm 3 / min are considered as zero; they correspond to a cable that can be described as airtight (totally airtight) along its axis (ie, in its longitudinal direction).
  • the amount of filling compound is measured by difference between the weight of the initial cable (thus erased in situ) and the weight of the cable (and therefore that of its threads) whose filling rubber has been eliminated by a suitable electrolytic treatment.
  • a sample of cable (length 1 m), wound on itself to reduce its bulk, constitutes the cathode of an electrolyzer (connected to the negative terminal of a generator), while the anode (connected to the positive terminal ) consists of a platinum wire.
  • the electrolyte consists of an aqueous solution (demineralized water) comprising 1 mole per liter of sodium carbonate.
  • the sample immersed completely in the electrolyte, is energized for 15 min under a current of 300 mA.
  • the cable is then removed from the bath, rinsed thoroughly with water. This treatment allows the rubber to be easily detached from the cable (if it is not the case, we continue the electrolysis for a few minutes).
  • the eraser is carefully removed, for example by simply wiping with an absorbent cloth, while detaching one by one the son of the cable.
  • the threads are again rinsed with water and then immersed in a beaker containing a mixture of deionized water (50%) and ethanol (50%); the beaker is immersed in an ultrasonic tank for 10 minutes. The threads thus devoid of any trace of gum are removed from the beaker, dried under a stream of nitrogen or air, and finally weighed.
  • the filling rate in the cable expressed in mg (milligram) of filling rubber per g (gram) of initial cable, is calculated and averaged over 10 measurements (i.e. total cable meters).
  • the "belt” test is a known fatigue test which has been described for example in the applications EP-A-0 648 891 or WO98 / 41682 , the test steel cables being incorporated in a rubber article which is vulcanized.
  • the rubber article is an endless belt made with a known rubber-based mixture, similar to those commonly used for radial tire carcasses.
  • the axis of each cable is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the belt and the cables are separated from the faces of the latter by a gum thickness of about 1 mm.
  • the belt is arranged to form a cylinder of revolution, the cable forms a helical winding of the same axis as this cylinder (for example, not the helix equal to about 2.5 mm).
  • This belt is then subjected to the following stresses: the belt is rotated around two rollers, so that each elementary portion of each cable is subjected to a tension of 12% of the initial breaking force and undergoes cycles of a variation of curvature that changes it from an infinite radius of curvature to a radius of curvature of 40 mm and this for 50 million cycles.
  • the test is carried out under a controlled atmosphere, the temperature and humidity of the air in contact with the belt being maintained at about 20 ° C and 60% relative humidity.
  • the duration of the stresses for each belt is of the order of 3 weeks.
  • the cables are extracted from the belts, by shelling, and the residual breaking strength of the tired cable wires is measured.
  • a belt is identical to the previous one and it is peeled in the same way as before but this time without subjecting the cables to the fatigue test. The initial breaking strength of the non-fatigued cables is thus measured.
  • the force-failure decay after fatigue (denoted ⁇ Fm and expressed in%) is calculated by comparing the residual breaking force with the initial breaking force.
  • This decay ⁇ Fm is in a known manner due to the fatigue and the wear of the wires caused by the joint action of the stresses and the water coming from the ambient air, these conditions being comparable to those which are subjected the cables of reinforcement in tire carcasses.
  • heavy-duty tires are manufactured whose carcass reinforcement consists of a single rubberized web reinforced by the cables to be tested. These tires are mounted on suitable known rims and inflated to the same pressure (with an overpressure relative to the nominal pressure) with air saturated with moisture. These tires are then rolled on an automatic rolling machine, under a very high load (overload with respect to the nominal load) and at the same speed, during a determined number of kilometers. At the end of rolling, the cables are extracted from the carcass of the tire, by shelling, and the residual breaking force is measured both on the yarns and on the cables thus fatigued.
  • the force-failure decay after fatigue (denoted ⁇ Fm and expressed in%) is calculated by comparing the residual breaking force with the initial breaking force.
  • This decay ⁇ Fm is due to the fatigue and the wear (reduction of section) of the wires caused by the joint action of the various mechanical stresses, in particular of the intense work of the contact forces between the wires, and of the water from the ambient air, in other words the fatigue-fretting-corrosion experienced by the cable inside the tire, when driving.
  • any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e. terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the term “from a to b” means the range from a to b (i.e., including the strict limits a and b).
  • This cable of the invention can thus be described as gummed cable in situ: its inner layer Ci and its outer layer Ce are separated radially by a filling rubber sheath which fills, at least in part, each of the interstices or cavities present between the inner layer Ci and the outer layer Ce.
  • a filling rubber sheath which fills, at least in part, each of the interstices or cavities present between the inner layer Ci and the outer layer Ce.
  • its central capillary formed by the three wires of the inner layer is also penetrated by the filling rubber.
  • the cable of the invention has another essential feature that its filling rubber level is between 5 and 35 mg of gum per g of cable.
  • the level of filling gum be between 5 and 30 mg, for example in a range of 10 to 25 mg per g of cable.
  • each interstice (or cavity) of the cable 3 + N including the central channel formed by the three core wires, comprises at least one plug (or internal partition) of filling rubber every 2 cm. such that said cable (when coated from the outside by a polymer such as rubber) is watertight or substantially airtight in its longitudinal direction.
  • a 3 + N cable referred to as "airtight” is characterized by an average air flow rate of less than or equal to 0.2 cm 3 / min. while a cable 3 + N said “almost airtight” is characterized by an average air flow of less than 2 cm 3 / min, more preferably less than 1 cm 3 / min.
  • the cable of the invention is devoid of filling rubber at its periphery.
  • no particle of filling compound is visible, with the naked eye, at the periphery of the cable, that is to say that the person skilled in the art does not make any difference , with the naked eye and at a distance of two meters or more, between a 3 + N cable coil which is in accordance with the invention and a conventional 3 + N cable coil not gummed in situ, at the output of manufacture.
  • the following relationship is satisfied: 0.5 ⁇ p 1 / p 2 ⁇ 1.
  • the pitch "p" represents the length, measured parallel to the axis of the cable, at the end of which a wire having this pitch performs a complete revolution about said axis of the cable.
  • the two layers Ci and Ce have the other characteristic of being wound in the same direction of torsion (S / S or Z / Z).
  • the compactness is such that virtually no distinct layer of wires is visible; as a result, the cross-section of such cables has an outline which is polygonal and non-cylindrical, as illustrated for example on the figure 1 (compact cable 3 + 9 according to the invention) or the figure 2 (compact cable 3 + 9 control, that is to say, not gummed in situ).
  • the outer layer Ce has the preferential characteristic of being a saturated layer, that is to say that, by definition, there is not enough room in this layer to add at least one (N max +1) th wire d 2 diameter, N max representing the maximum number of windable son in a layer around the inner layer Ci.
  • This construction has the advantage of limiting the risk of overflowing gum filling at its periphery and to offer, for a given diameter of the cable, a higher resistance.
  • the number N of wires can vary to a very large extent according to the particular embodiment of the invention, for example from 6 to 12 wires, it being understood that the maximum number of wires N max will be increased if their diameter d 2 is reduced compared to the diameter d 1 core son, to preferentially keep the outer layer in a saturated state.
  • the outer layer has 9 wires.
  • the 3 + N cable of the invention can be of two types, namely of the compact type or the type with cylindrical layers.
  • all the wires of the layers Ci and Ce are wound in the same direction of torsion, that is to say either in the direction S (arrangement "S / S"), or in the direction Z (disposition "Z / Z ").
  • the winding in the same direction of the layers Ci and Ce advantageously makes it possible to minimize the friction between these two layers and therefore the wear of the wires which constitute them.
  • the construction of the cable of the invention advantageously allows the removal of the wire hoop, thanks to a better penetration of the rubber in its structure and self-hooping resulting.
  • wire rope is meant by definition in the present application a cable formed of son constituted mainly (that is to say for more than 50% in number of these son) or integrally (for 100% son) a metallic material.
  • the wires of the layer Ci are preferably made of steel, more preferably of carbon steel.
  • the wires of the layer Ce are themselves made of steel, preferably carbon steel. But it is of course possible to use other steels, for example a stainless steel, or other alloys.
  • carbon steel When carbon steel is used, its carbon content is preferably between 0.4% and 1.2%, especially between 0.5% and 1.1%. It is more preferably between 0.6% and 1.0% (% by weight of steel), such a content representing a good compromise between the mechanical properties required for the composite and the feasibility of the son. It should be noted that a carbon content of between 0.5% and 0.6% makes such steels ultimately less expensive because easier to draw.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention may also consist, depending on the applications concerned, of using steels with a low carbon content, for example between 0.2% and 0.5%, in particular because of a cost lower and easier to draw.
  • the metal or steel used may itself be coated with a metal layer improving for example the properties of implementation of the wire rope and / or its constituent elements, or the properties of use of the cable and / or the tire themselves, such as adhesion properties, corrosion resistance or resistance to aging.
  • the steel used is covered with a layer of brass (Zn-Cu alloy) or zinc; it is recalled that during the wire manufacturing process, the coating of brass or zinc facilitates the drawing of the wire, as well as the bonding of the wire with the rubber.
  • the son could be covered with a thin metal layer other than brass or zinc, for example having the function of improving the resistance to corrosion of these son and / or their adhesion to rubber, for example a thin layer of Co, Ni, Al, an alloy of two or more compounds Cu, Zn, Al, Ni, Co, Sn.
  • a thin metal layer other than brass or zinc for example having the function of improving the resistance to corrosion of these son and / or their adhesion to rubber, for example a thin layer of Co, Ni, Al, an alloy of two or more compounds Cu, Zn, Al, Ni, Co, Sn.
  • the cables of the invention are preferably carbon steel and have a tensile strength (Rm) preferably greater than 2500 MPa, more preferably greater than 3000 MPa.
  • the total elongation at break (At) of the cable, the sum of its structural, elastic and plastic elongations, is preferably greater than 2.0%, more preferably at least 2.5%.
  • the diene elastomer (or indistinctly "rubber”, both of which are considered synonymous) of the filling compound is preferably a diene elastomer chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes (BR), natural rubber (NR), polyisoprenes of synthesis (IR), the various butadiene copolymers, the various isoprene copolymers, and the mixtures of these elastomers.
  • BR polybutadienes
  • NR natural rubber
  • IR polyisoprenes of synthesis
  • Such copolymers are more preferably chosen from the group consisting of butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBR), whether the latter are prepared by emulsion polymerization (ESBR) or in solution (SSBR), the isoprene-butadiene copolymers (BIR), copolymers of isoprene-styrene (SIR) and copolymers of isoprene-butadiene-styrene (SBIR).
  • SBR butadiene-styrene copolymers
  • ESBR emulsion polymerization
  • SSBR solution
  • BIR isoprene-butadiene copolymers
  • SIR copolymers of isoprene-styrene
  • SBIR isoprene-butadiene-styrene
  • a preferred embodiment consists in using an "isoprene" elastomer, that is to say a homopolymer or a copolymer of isoprene, in other words a diene elastomer chosen from the group consisting of natural rubber (NR). , the synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), the various isoprene copolymers and the mixtures of these elastomers.
  • the isoprene elastomer is preferably natural rubber or synthetic polyisoprene of the cis-1,4 type.
  • polyisoprenes having a content (mol%) of cis-1,4 bonds greater than 90%, more preferably still greater than 98%, are preferably used.
  • the diene elastomer may consist, in whole or in part, of another diene elastomer such as, for example, an SBR elastomer used in or with another elastomer, for example type BR.
  • the filling rubber may contain one or more diene elastomer (s), which may be used in combination with any type of synthetic elastomer other than diene, or with polymers other than elastomers.
  • the filling rubber is of the crosslinkable type, that is to say that it generally comprises a crosslinking system adapted to allow the crosslinking of the composition during its baking (i.e., its hardening).
  • the system for crosslinking the rubber sheath is a so-called vulcanization system, that is to say based on sulfur (or a sulfur-donor agent) and a primary vulcanization accelerator.
  • vulcanization system that is to say based on sulfur (or a sulfur-donor agent) and a primary vulcanization accelerator.
  • sulfur or a sulfur-donor agent
  • a primary vulcanization accelerator To this basic vulcanization system may be added various known secondary accelerators or vulcanization activators.
  • the sulfur is used at a preferential rate of between 0.5 and 10 phr, more preferably between 1 and 8 phr
  • the primary vulcanization accelerator for example a sulfenamide
  • the invention also applies to cases where the filling gum is free of sulfur and even of any other crosslinking system, it being understood that could be sufficient, for its own crosslinking, the crosslinking or vulcanization system already present in the matrix. rubber that the cable of the invention is intended to reinforce, and capable of migrating by contact of said surrounding matrix to the filling rubber.
  • the filling rubber may also comprise, in addition to said crosslinking system, all or part of the additives normally used in rubber matrices intended for the manufacture of tires, such as, for example, reinforcing fillers such as carbon black or inorganic fillers such as silica, coupling agents, anti-aging agents, antioxidants, plasticizing agents or extension oils, whether the latter are of aromatic or non-aromatic nature, especially very low or non-aromatic oils, for example of naphthenic or paraffinic type, high or preferably low viscosity, MES or TDAE oils, plasticizing resins with high Tg greater than 30 ° C, agents facilitating the implementation (processability) of compositions in the raw state , tackifying resins, anti-eversion agents, methylene acceptors and donors such as, for example, HMT (hexamethylenethane) etramine) or H3M (hexamethoxymethylmelamine), reinforcing resins (such as resorcinol or bismaleimide), known
  • the level of reinforcing filler is preferably greater than 50 phr, for example included between 60 and 140 phr. It is more preferably greater than 70 phr, for example between 70 and 120 phr.
  • carbon blacks for example, all carbon blacks are suitable, in particular blacks of the HAF, ISAF, SAF type conventionally used in tires (so-called pneumatic grade blacks). Among the latter, mention will be made more particularly of carbon blacks of (ASTM) grade 300, 600 or 700 (for example N326, N330, N347, N375, N683, N772).
  • Suitable reinforcing inorganic fillers are in particular silica (SiO 2 ) type inorganic fillers, in particular precipitated or fumed silica having a BET surface area of less than 450 m 2 / g, preferably from 30 to 400 m 2 / g.
  • the formulation of the filling rubber can be chosen to be identical to the formulation of the rubber matrix that the cable of the invention is intended to reinforce; thus, there is no problem of compatibility between the respective materials of the filling rubber and said rubber matrix.
  • the formulation of the filling gum may be chosen different from the formulation of the rubber matrix that the cable of the invention is intended to reinforce.
  • the formulation of the filling gum may be adjusted by using a relatively high quantity of adhesion promoter, typically for example from 5 to 15 phr of a metal salt such as a cobalt salt, a nickel salt or a lanthanide salt such as neodymium (see, in particular, application WO 2005/113666 ), and advantageously reducing the amount of said promoter (or even removing it completely) in the surrounding rubber matrix.
  • a metal salt such as a cobalt salt, a nickel salt or a lanthanide salt such as neodymium
  • the filling rubber has, in the crosslinked state, a secant modulus in extension E10 (at 10% elongation) which is between 2 and 25 MPa, more preferably between 3 and 20 MPa, in particular included in a range of 3 to 15 MPa.
  • a secant modulus in extension E10 at 10% elongation
  • the invention relates of course to the previously described cable both in the green state (its filling rubber then being uncured) than in the cooked state (its filling rubber then being vulcanized).
  • a filling compound in the green state until it is subsequently incorporated into the product.
  • semi-finished or finished product such as pneumatic to which this cable is intended, so as to promote the connection during the final vulcanization between the filling rubber and the surrounding rubber matrix (for example the calendering rubber).
  • the figure 1 schematically, in section perpendicular to the axis of the cable (assumed rectilinear and at rest), an example of a preferred cable 3 + 9 according to the invention.
  • This type of construction has the consequence that the inner (10) and outer (11) wires form two concentric layers which each have a substantially polygonal contour (represented in dotted lines) (triangular for the Ci, hexagonal layer for the Ce layer), and not cylindrical as in the case of cables with cylindrical layers which will be described later.
  • the filling rubber (12) fills the central capillary (13) (symbolized by a triangle) formed, delimited by the three core wires (10) by spreading them very slightly, while completely covering the internal layer Ci formed by the three wires (10). It also fills each interstice or cavity (also symbolized by a triangle) formed, delimited either by a core wire (10) and the two external wires (11) which are immediately adjacent to it, or by two core wires (10). ) and the outer wire (11) adjacent thereto; in total, 12 interstices are thus present in this cable 3 + 9, to which is added the central capillary (13).
  • the filling rubber extends in a continuous manner around the layer Ci it covers.
  • the figure 2 recalls the section of a cable 3 + 9 (noted C-2) conventional (ie, not gummed in situ), also of the compact type.
  • C-2 conventional (ie, not gummed in situ), also of the compact type.
  • the absence of filling rubber makes practically all the son (20, 21) in contact with each other, which leads to a particularly compact structure, moreover very difficult to penetrate (not to say impenetrable) from the outside by rubber.
  • the characteristic of this type of cable is that the three core wires (20) form a central channel or capillary (23) which is empty and closed and thus conducive, by "wicking" effect, to the propagation of corrosive media such as that water.
  • the figure 3 schematizes another example of a preferential cable 3 + 9 according to the invention.
  • this type of As a result of the construction, the wires are arranged in two adjacent, concentric, tubular layers (Ci and Ce) giving the cable (and the two layers) a cylindrical, non-polygonal contour (shown in dotted lines).
  • the filling rubber (32) fills the central capillary (33) (symbolized by a triangle) formed by the three core wires (30) slightly apart, while completely covering the inner layer Ci formed by the three wires ( 30). It also fulfills, at least in part (here, in this example, totally) each interstice or cavity formed, delimited either by a core wire (30) and the two external wires (31) which are immediately adjacent thereto (the most close), or by two core wires (30) and the outer wire (31) adjacent thereto.
  • the figure 4 recalls the section of a cable 3 + 9 (noted C-4) conventional (ie, not gummed in situ), also of the type with two cylindrical layers.
  • C-4 conventional (ie, not gummed in situ), also of the type with two cylindrical layers.
  • the absence of filling rubber causes the three wires (40) of the inner layer (Ci) to come into close contact with each other, which leads to a central, empty and closed capillary 43, which is impenetrable. on the outside by rubber and propitious on the other hand to the propagation of corrosive media.
  • the cable of the invention could be provided with an outer hoop, constituted for example by a single wire, metallic or not, helically wound around the cable in a shorter pitch than that of the outer layer, and a sense of winding opposite or identical to that of this outer layer.
  • the cable of the invention already self-shrunk, generally does not require the use of an external hoop, which advantageously solves the wear problems between the hoop and son the outermost layer of the cable.
  • a hoop wire in the general case where the son of the outer layer are carbon steel, then one can advantageously choose a stainless steel wire hoop to reduce the fretting wear of these son carbon steel in contact with the stainless steel band, as taught for example in the application WO-A-98/41682 , the stainless steel wire may be optionally replaced, in an equivalent manner, by a composite wire of which only the skin is made of stainless steel and the carbon steel core, as described for example in the document EP-A-976 541 . It is also possible to use a hoop consisting of a polyester or a thermotropic aromatic polyester amide, as described in the application WO-A-03/048447 .
  • An essential feature of the above method is to use, both for the assembly of the inner layer and for that of the outer layer, a twisting step.
  • the three core wires are twisted together (direction S or Z) to form the inner layer Ci, in a manner known per se; the son are delivered by feeding means such as coils, a distribution grid, coupled or not to a connecting grain, intended to converge the core son in a common point of torsion (or point of assembly).
  • the inner layer (Ci) thus formed is then sheathed with filling gum in the green state, provided by an extrusion screw at an appropriate temperature.
  • the filling rubber can thus be delivered at a fixed point, unique and compact, by means of a single extrusion head, without using an individual sheathing son upstream of the assembly operations, before forming the inner layer, as described in the prior art.
  • This method has the significant advantage of not slowing down the conventional assembly process. It makes the complete initial twisting, scrubbing and final twisting operation possible in one step, irrespective of the type of cable produced (compact cable as a cylindrical layer cable), all at high speed.
  • the above process can be put implemented at a speed (running speed of the cable on the twisting-scrub line) greater than 50 m / min, preferably greater than 70 m / min.
  • the tension exerted on the three son is preferably between 10 and 25% of the breaking force of the son.
  • the extrusion head may comprise one or more dies, for example an upstream guide die and a downstream die calibration. It is possible to add continuous measurement and control means of the diameter of the cable connected to the extruder.
  • the extrusion temperature of the filling rubber is between 60 ° C and 120 ° C, more preferably between 60 ° C and 100 ° C.
  • the extrusion head thus defines a cladding zone having the shape of a cylinder of revolution whose diameter is preferably between 0.15 mm and 0.8 mm, more preferably between 0.2 and 0.6 mm, and whose length is preferably between 4 and 10 mm.
  • the amount of filling gum delivered by the extrusion head can be adjusted easily so that in the final 3 + N cable this amount is between 5 and 35 mg, preferably between 5 and 30 mg, especially in a range of 10 to 25 mg per g of cable.
  • the inner layer Ci at any point of its periphery, is covered with a minimum thickness of filling rubber which is preferably greater than 5 ⁇ m, more preferably greater than 10 ⁇ m, by example between 10 and 50 microns.
  • the final assembly is carried out, always by twisting (S or Z direction), of the N wires of the outer layer (Ce) around the inner layer (Ci) and sheathed.
  • twisting S or Z direction
  • the N son come to rely on the eraser, to become embedded in the latter.
  • the filling rubber moving under the pressure exerted by these external son, then naturally tends to fill, at least in part, each of the interstices or cavities left empty by the son, between the inner layer (Ci) and the layer external (Ce).
  • the cable 3 + N of the invention is not finished: its central channel, delimited by the three core wires, is not yet filled with filling rubber, in any case insufficiently for obtaining acceptable air impermeability.
  • torsion balancing is meant here in known manner the cancellation of the residual torsional torques (or of the detorsion springback) exerted on each wire of the cable, in the inner layer as in the outer layer.
  • Torsion balancing tools are well known to those skilled in the art of twisting; they may consist for example of "trainers” and / or “twisters” and / or “twister-trainers” consisting of either pulleys for twisters or small diameter rollers for trainers, pulleys or rollers through which circulates the cable, in a single plane or preferably in at least two different planes.
  • the torsion exerted on the three core wires is sufficient to force, to drive the filling gum in the raw state (ie, not crosslinked uncured), still hot and relatively fluid, from the outside to the core of the cable, even inside the central channel formed by the three son, ultimately offering the cable of the invention the excellent property of air impermeability that characterizes it.
  • the additional training function provided by the use of a trainer tool, would have the advantage that the contact of the rollers of the trainer with the son of the outer layer will exert additional pressure on the filling rubber further promoting its penetration into the central capillary formed by the three souls.
  • the method described above exploits the twisting of the three core wires, in the final stage of manufacture of the cable, to distribute, naturally, the filling rubber in and around the inner layer (Ci), while perfectly controlling the amount of filling compound provided.
  • Those skilled in the art will in particular be able to adjust the arrangement, the diameter of the pulleys and / or rollers of the torsion-balancing means, in order to vary the intensity of the radial pressure acting on the various wires.
  • This cable can be wound on a receiving reel, for storage, before being processed, for example, through a calendering installation, for preparing a metal-rubber composite fabric.
  • the method described above is of course applicable to the manufacture of compact type cables (for recall and by definition, those whose layers Ci and Ce are wound at the same pitch and in the same direction) as cables of the type with cylindrical layers (As a reminder and by definition, those whose layers Ci and Ce are wound either in different steps or in opposite directions, or in different steps and in opposite directions).
  • power supply means (510) deliver three core wires (51) through a distribution grid (52) (axisymmetrical splitter), whether or not coupled to an assembly line (53), beyond of which the three core wires converge at an assembly point (54) for forming the inner layer (Ci).
  • the inner layer Ci once formed, then passes through a cladding zone consisting for example of a single extrusion head (55) through which is intended to circulate the inner layer.
  • the distance between the point of convergence (54) and the sheathing point (55) is for example between 50 cm and 1 m.
  • the final cable 3 + N thus formed is finally collected on a rotary reception (59), after crossing the torsion balancing means (58) consisting for example of a trainer or twister-trainer.
  • the cable of the invention is particularly intended for a tire carcass reinforcement for industrial vehicles such as trucks.
  • the figure 6 schematically represents a radial section of a metal carcass reinforcement tire which may or may not conform to the invention, in this general representation.
  • This tire 1 has a crown 2 reinforced by a crown reinforcement or belt 6, two sidewalls 3 and two beads 4, each of these beads 4 being reinforced with a rod 5.
  • the crown 2 is surmounted by a tread not shown in this schematic figure.
  • a carcass reinforcement 7 is wound around the two rods 5 in each bead 4, the upturn 8 of this armature 7 being for example disposed towards the outside of the tire 1 which is shown here mounted on its rim 9.
  • the carcass reinforcement 7 is in known manner constituted by at least one sheet reinforced by so-called "radial” metal cables, that is to say that these cables are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extend from a bead to the other so as to form an angle between 80 ° and 90 ° with the median circumferential plane (plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire which is located midway between the two beads 4 and passes through the middle of the crown frame 6).
  • the tire according to the invention is characterized in that its carcass reinforcement 7 comprises at least, as reinforcement of at least one carcass ply, a metal cable according to the invention.
  • this tire 1 also comprises, in a known manner, an inner rubber or elastomer layer (commonly called “inner rubber”) which defines the radially inner face of the tire and which is intended to protect the carcass ply from the diffusion of the tire. air from the interior space to the tire.
  • the density of the cables according to the invention is preferably between 40 and 150 cables per dm (decimetre) of carcass ply, more preferably between 70 and 120 cables per dm of ply, the distance between two adjacent cables, axis to axis, being preferably between 0.7 and 2.5 mm, more preferably between 0.75 and 2.2 mm.
  • the cables according to the invention are preferably arranged in such a way that the width (denoted Le) of the rubber bridge between two adjacent cables is between 0.25 and 1.5 mm.
  • This width represents in a known manner the difference between the calender pitch (no laying of the cable in the rubber fabric) and the diameter of the cable.
  • the rubber bridge which is too narrow, risks being degraded mechanically during the working of the sheet, in particular during the deformations undergone in its own plane by extension or shearing. Beyond the maximum indicated, one is exposed to the risk of appearance of appearance defects on the sidewalls of the tires or penetration of objects, by perforation, between the cables. More preferably, for these same reasons, the width Le is chosen between 0.35 and 1.25 mm.
  • the rubber composition used for the fabric of the carcass reinforcement ply has, in the vulcanized state (ie, after curing), a secant modulus in extension E10 which is between 2 and 25 MPa, more preferably between 3 and 20 MPa, especially in a range of 3 to 15 MPa, when the fabric is intended to form a carcass reinforcement ply.
  • 3 + 9 layered cables are used as shown schematically in FIG. figure 1 , consisting of fine wire made of carbon steel coated with brass.
  • the carbon steel wires are prepared in a known manner, for example starting from machine wires (diameter 5 to 6 mm) that are first cold-rolled, by rolling and / or drawing, up to an intermediate diameter of about 1 mm.
  • the steel used is a known carbon steel (USA AISI 1069 standard) with a carbon content of 0.70%.
  • the intermediate diameter son undergo a degreasing treatment and / or pickling, before further processing.
  • a degreasing treatment and / or pickling After deposition of a brass coating on these intermediate son, is carried on each wire a so-called “final” work hardening (ie, after the last patenting heat treatment), by cold drawing in a moist medium with a drawing lubricant which is for example in the form of an aqueous emulsion or dispersion.
  • the steel wires thus drawn have the following diameter and mechanical properties: ⁇ b> Table 1 ⁇ / b> Steel ⁇ (mm) Fm (N) Rm (MPa) NT 0.18 68 2820
  • the brass coating that surrounds the son has a very small thickness, significantly less than one micrometer, for example of the order of 0.15 to 0.30 microns, which is negligible compared to the diameter of the steel son.
  • the composition of the wire steel in its various elements eg C, Cr, Mn
  • the rate of filling rubber, measured according to the method indicated previously in paragraph 1-3, is about 24 mg per gram of cable. This filling gum fills the central channel or capillary formed by the three core wires by spreading them slightly, while completely covering the inner layer Ci formed by the three son.
  • This cable C-1 of the invention is devoid of external hoop wire.
  • the filling gum is a conventional rubber composition for a tire carcass reinforcement, having the same formulation as that of the carcass rubber ply that the C-1 cable is intended to reinforce in the following test. This composition was extruded at a temperature of about 82 ° C. through a 0.410 mm calibration die.
  • the control cable 3 + 9 (C-2), as shown schematically in FIG. Fig. 2 is formed of 12 wires total of diameter 0.18 mm. It comprises an inner layer Ci of 3 wires wound together in a helix (direction S) in a pitch p 1 equal to about 6.3 mm, this layer Ci being in contact with a cylindrical outer layer of 9 wires themselves wound together helically (S direction) around the core in a double pitch p 2 equal to about 12.5 mm. It furthermore comprises a unitary external hoop wire of small diameter (0.15 mm diameter, no 3.5 mm pitch), not shown in FIG.
  • figure 2 for simplification, intended in particular, in known manner, to increase the buckling resistance of the cable and in particular the endurance of the carcass in rolling under low pressure; this control cable is not penetrable from the outside to its center, it is devoid of filling rubber.
  • the C-1 and C-2 layered cables are then incorporated by calendering with rubber "skims" consisting of a composition conventionally used for the manufacture of radial tire carcass reinforcement plies. for vehicles Trucks.
  • This composition is based on natural rubber (peptized) and carbon black N330 (55 phr); it also comprises the following usual additives: sulfur (6 phr), sulfenamide accelerator (1 phr), ZnO (9 phr), stearic acid (0.7 phr), antioxidant (1.5 phr), cobalt naphthenate (1 phr) pce); the module E10 of the composition is about 6 MPa.
  • the composite and calendered fabrics thus comprise a rubber matrix formed of two thin layers (thickness approximately 0.6 mm) of rubber superimposed on both sides of the cables.
  • the calender pitch (no laying of the cables in the rubber fabric) is about 1.5 mm.
  • the thickness of the rubber on the back of the cables is between 0.15 and 0.25 mm approximately. .
  • This cable C-3 has the properties shown in Table 4 which follows. ⁇ b> Table 4 ⁇ / b> Cable p 1 (mm) p 2 (mm) Fm (daN) Rm (MPa) At (%) C-3 6 10 79.2 2745 2.4
  • the C-2 and C-3 layered cords are then calendered to rubberized rubber skims (skims) as described previously in Test 2, followed by two sets of rolling tests.
  • heavy vehicle tires (noted respectively P-2 and P-3), of dimensions 225/90 R17.5, with in each series of tires intended for driving, others for dehulling on a new tire.
  • the carcass reinforcement of these tires consists of a single radial ply consisting of the rubberized fabrics above.
  • the tires P-3 reinforced by the C-3 cables of the invention are therefore the tires according to the invention.
  • the tires P-2 reinforced by the control cables C-2 constitute the control tires of the prior art; these P-2 tires constitute, because of their recognized performance, a control of choice for this test.
  • the tires P-2 and P-3 are therefore identical with the exception of the cables C-2 and C-3 which reinforce their carcass reinforcement 7.
  • Their crown reinforcement or belt 6 in particular, is in a manner known per se consisting of two triangulation half-plies reinforced with metal cables inclined by 65 degrees, surmounted by two "superimposed” working plies crossed. These working plies are reinforced by known metal cables arranged substantially parallel to each other and inclined by 26 degrees (radially internal ply) and 18 degrees (radially external ply). The two working plies are furthermore covered by a protective ply reinforced with conventional metal cables (high elongation) inclined at 18 degrees. All angles of inclination indicated are measured relative to the median circumferential plane.
  • the average decay ⁇ Fm is given in% in Table 5 below; it is calculated both for the wires of the inner layer Ci and for the wires of the outer layer Ce. Global ⁇ Fm decays are also measured on the cables themselves. ⁇ b> Table 5 ⁇ / b> tires cables ⁇ Fm (%) on individual layers and cable This This Cable P-2 C-2 11 22 18 P-3 C-3 4.8 7.8 7.0
  • the use of the cable C-3 according to the invention makes it possible to increase the longevity of the carcass quite sensibly, which is already excellent in the control tire reinforced by the cable C-2.
  • the cables of the invention make it possible to significantly reduce the phenomena of fatigue-fretting-corrosion of the cables in the carcass reinforcement of the tires, in particular of the heavy-duty tires, and to improve the longevity of these tires.
  • the cables C-1 of the invention have moreover been subjected to the air permeability test described. in paragraph 1-2, by measuring the air volume (in cm 3 ) passing through the cables in 1 minute (average of 10 measurements for each cable tested).
  • In situ control gummed cables of the same construction as the compact cables C-1 of the invention were prepared by individually sheathing either a single wire or each of the three wires of the inner layer Ci. using extrusion dies of variable diameter (230 to 300 microns) arranged this time upstream of the assembly point (sheathing and in-line twisting) as described in the prior art; for a rigorous comparison, the amount of filling rubber was adjusted in such a way that the rate of filling rubber in the final cables (between 4 and 30 mg / g of cable, measured according to the method of the paragraph 1-3), which is close to that of the cables of the invention.
  • the cable of the invention could be used for reinforcing articles other than tires, for example pipes, belts, conveyor belts; advantageously, it could also be used for reinforcing parts of tires other than their carcass reinforcement, in particular for reinforcing the crown reinforcement of tires for industrial vehicles such as heavy goods vehicles.
  • the invention also relates to any multi-strand steel cable ("multi-strand broken ”) whose structure incorporates at least, as elementary strand, a layered cable according to the invention.
  • Such multi-strand steel cables in particular of the type (1 + 6) (3 + 8), (1 + 6) (3 + 9), (3 + 9) (3 + 8) or (3 + 9) ) (3 + 9), could be themselves erased in situ during their manufacture, that is to say that in this case the central strand is itself, or the strands of the center if they are several are themselves, sheathed with unvulcanized filling rubber (this filling compound being of identical or different formulation to that used for the in situ scrubbing of the elementary strands) before the wiring is put in place by the peripheral strands forming the outer layer.

Landscapes

  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Metallseil mit zwei Schichten (Ci, Ce), das von der Bauart 3+N ist und in situ mit Gummi versehen wird, wobei es eine innere Schicht (Ci) aufweist, die aus drei Kerndrähten mit einem Durchmesser d1 besteht, welche gemäß einer Ganghöhe p1 geschlagen sind, sowie eine äußere Schicht (Ce) aus N Drähten, wobei N Werte von 6 bis 12 annehmen kann, mit einem Durchmesser d2, welche gemäß einer Ganghöhe p2 um die innere Schicht (Ci) geschlagen sind, wobei das Seil dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es die folgenden Eigenschaftsmerkmale aufweist (wobei d1, d2, p1, p2 in mm ausgedrückt sind):
    - 0,08 < d1 < 0,30;
    - 0,08 < d2 ≤ 0,20;
    - p1 / p2 ≤ 1;
    - 3 < p1 < 30;
    - 6 < p2 < 30;
    - die innere Schicht ist von einer Dien-Kautschuk-Zusammensetzung umhüllt, die als "Füllgummi" bezeichnet wird, wobei sie in dem Mittelkanal, der von den drei Kerndrähten gebildet wird, und in sämtlichen Zwischenräumen, die sich zwischen den drei Kerndrähten und den N Drähten der äußeren Schicht (Ce) befinden, vorliegt, sofern die Seillänge mindestens 2 cm beträgt;
    - der Gehalt an Füllgummi in dem Seil liegt im Bereich von 5 bis 35 mg pro Gramm an Seil;
    - der Umfang des Seils ist frei von Füllgummi.
  2. Seil nach einem beliebigen Anspruch 1, wobei das Dien-Elastomer des Füllgummis aus der Gruppe ausgewählt ist, die aus den Polybutadienen, natürlichem Kautschuk, den Polyisoprenen synthetischen Ursprungs, den Butadien-Copolymeren, den Isopren-Copolymeren und den Mischungen dieser Elastomere besteht.
  3. Seil nach Anspruch 2, wobei es sich bei dem Dien-Elastomer um natürlichen Kautschuk handelt.
  4. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die folgenden Eigenschaftsmerkmale nachweislich gegeben sind (d1, d2 in mm) :
    - 0,10 < d1 < 0,25;
    - 0, 10 < d2 ≤ 0,20.
  5. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das folgende Eigenschaftsmerkmal nachweislich gegeben ist:
    - 0,5 ≤ p1 / p2 ≤ 1.
  6. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei p1 = p2 ist.
  7. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei p2 im Bereich von 6 bis 25 mm liegt.
  8. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei p1 im Bereich von 3 bis 25 mm liegt.
  9. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die äußere Schicht (Ce) eine Schicht ohne Freiräume ist.
  10. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die äußere Schicht (Ce) 8, 9 oder 10 Drähte, vorzugsweise 9 Drähte, aufweist.
  11. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei der Gehalt an Füllgummi im Bereich von 5 bis 30 mg pro g an Seil liegt, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 10 bis 25 mg pro g an Seil.
  12. Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es bei der Luftdurchlässigkeitsprüfung eine mittlere Luftflussrate von weniger als 2 cm3/min, vorzugsweise von höchstens 0,2 cm3/min, aufweist.
  13. Seil mit mehreren Litzen, wobei mindestens eine der Litzen ein Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 ist.
  14. Luftreifen, der ein Seil nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 aufweist.
  15. Luftreifen nach Anspruch 14, wobei der Luftreifen für ein Industriefahrzeug bestimmt ist und das Seil im Karkassenfestigkeitsträger des Luftreifens vorliegt.
EP09777384.0A 2008-08-01 2009-07-23 In-situ-gummiertes schichtkabel zur karkassenverstärkung von reifen Active EP2326765B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0855317A FR2934614B1 (fr) 2008-08-01 2008-08-01 Cable a couches gomme in situ pour armature carcasse de pneumatique.
PCT/EP2009/005343 WO2010012411A1 (fr) 2008-08-01 2009-07-23 Cable a couches gomme in situ pour armature carcasse de pneumatique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2326765A1 EP2326765A1 (de) 2011-06-01
EP2326765B1 true EP2326765B1 (de) 2015-09-30

Family

ID=40399332

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09777384.0A Active EP2326765B1 (de) 2008-08-01 2009-07-23 In-situ-gummiertes schichtkabel zur karkassenverstärkung von reifen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8869851B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2326765B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5276717B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101547377B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102105634B (de)
BR (1) BRPI0916700A2 (de)
EA (1) EA018029B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2934614B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2010012411A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2947575B1 (fr) * 2009-07-03 2011-08-19 Michelin Soc Tech Cable multitorons dont les torons elementaires sont des cables a deux couches gommes in situ.
FR2947574B1 (fr) * 2009-07-03 2012-11-09 Michelin Soc Tech Cable multitorons dont les torons elementaires sont des cables a deux couches gommes in situ.
FR2962454B1 (fr) * 2010-05-20 2012-09-21 Michelin Soc Tech Procede de fabrication d'un cable metallique a trois couches du type gomme in situ
FR2962456B1 (fr) * 2010-05-20 2012-09-21 Michelin Soc Tech Procede de fabrication d'un cable metallique multicouches gomme in situ par un elastomere thermoplastique insature
FR2962455B1 (fr) * 2010-05-20 2012-09-21 Soc Tech Michelin Cable metallique multicouches gomme in situ par un elastomere thermoplastique insature
FR2950904A1 (fr) * 2010-12-17 2011-04-08 Michelin Soc Tech Cable metallique multitorons a haute permeabilite.
FR2982885B1 (fr) 2011-11-23 2014-11-07 Michelin Soc Tech Procede de fabrication d'un cable metallique a deux couches gomme in situ par un elastomere thermoplastique insature
FR2982884B1 (fr) 2011-11-23 2014-06-06 Michelin Soc Tech Cable metallique a deux couches, gomme in situ par un elastomere thermoplastique insature
FR2984338B1 (fr) 2011-12-19 2014-01-24 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique comportant des cables d'armature de carcasse presentant une faible permeabilite, et des fils textiles associes a l'armature de carcasse
FR2984336B1 (fr) 2011-12-19 2014-01-24 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique comportant des cables d'armature de carcasse presentant une faible permeabilite, et des fils textiles associes a l'armature de carcasse
FR2984223B1 (fr) 2011-12-19 2014-04-18 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique comportant des cables d'armature de carcasse presentant une faible permeabilite, et des fils textiles associes a l'armature de carcasse
FR2984222B1 (fr) 2011-12-19 2014-05-16 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique comportant des cables d'armature de carcasse presentant une faible permeabilite, et des fils textiles associes a l'armature de carcasse
FR2984337B1 (fr) 2011-12-19 2014-01-24 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique comportant des cables d'armature de carcasse presentant une faible permeabilite, et des fils textiles associes a l'armature de carcasse
FR2984221B1 (fr) 2011-12-19 2014-05-16 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique comportant des cables d'armature de carcasse presentant une faible permeabilite, et des fils textiles associes a l'armature de carcasse
JP5905298B2 (ja) * 2012-02-29 2016-04-20 株式会社ブリヂストン タイヤ
FR2990962B1 (fr) * 2012-05-25 2014-06-27 Michelin & Cie Procede de fabrication d'un cable metallique multi-torons a deux couches.
JP5806644B2 (ja) 2012-05-31 2015-11-10 東京製綱株式会社 ハイブリッド心ロープ
FR2996230B1 (fr) * 2012-09-28 2014-10-31 Michelin & Cie Cable gomme in situ comprenant une composition comprenant un polysulfure organique.
FR2997410B1 (fr) 2012-10-30 2016-01-01 Michelin & Cie Cable gomme in situ comprenant une composition comprenant un copolymere de styrene-butadiene.
CN103074787B (zh) * 2013-01-07 2016-12-28 浙江宏晟技术转让服务有限公司 一种高渗胶率的高强度钢丝帘线
FR3008348B1 (fr) 2013-07-12 2015-08-07 Michelin & Cie Pneumatique comportant des epaisseurs variables des melanges caoutchouteux interieurs a l'armature de carcasse
FR3008350B1 (fr) 2013-07-12 2015-08-07 Michelin & Cie Pneumatique comportant des cables d'armatures de carcasse presentant une faible permeabilite
FR3008346B1 (fr) 2013-07-12 2015-08-07 Michelin & Cie Pneumatique comportant des cables d'armatures de carcasse presentant une faible permeabilite
FR3008351B1 (fr) 2013-07-12 2015-08-07 Michelin & Cie Pneumatique comportant des epaisseurs variables des melanges caoutchouteux interieurs a l'armature de carcasse
WO2015012255A1 (ja) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 株式会社ブリヂストン 空気入りタイヤ
FR3014363B1 (fr) 2013-12-09 2015-11-27 Michelin & Cie Pneumatique presentant une pression nominale reduite et une fleche relative sous charge nominale augmentee
FR3022263B1 (fr) * 2014-06-12 2017-10-27 Michelin & Cie Cable gomme in situ comprenant une composition de gommage comprenant un inhibiteur de corrosion
FR3022261B1 (fr) 2014-06-12 2016-06-03 Michelin & Cie Cable gomme in situ comprenant une composition de gommage comprenant un inhibiteur de corrosion
FR3022262B1 (fr) 2014-06-12 2016-06-03 Michelin & Cie Cable gomme in situ comprenant une composition de gommage comprenant un inhibiteur de corrosion
FR3022264A1 (fr) 2014-06-12 2015-12-18 Michelin & Cie Produit semi-fini comprenant un cable gomme in situ noye dans une composition de caoutchouc de calandrage
DE102014211929A1 (de) 2014-06-23 2016-01-07 ContiTech Transportsysteme GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zugträgers in Seilkonstruktion, insbesondere für Fördergurte
RU174518U1 (ru) * 2015-02-12 2017-10-18 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственный центр "Гальва" Стальной прядевый канат с полимерным материалом
CN105568465A (zh) * 2015-12-14 2016-05-11 山东胜通钢帘线有限公司 一种轮胎及其帘线
BR112018070728A2 (pt) 2016-04-08 2019-02-12 Gates Corp cabo híbrido para reforço de artigos poliméricos e artigos reforçados
CN107949488A (zh) * 2016-07-01 2018-04-20 科德沙技术纺织品股份公司 一种作为胎体增强物的新型双弹性芳族聚酰胺轮胎帘线
DE102016221021A1 (de) * 2016-10-26 2018-04-26 Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh Wulstverstärker zur mechanischen Verstärkung
WO2018199122A1 (ja) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-01 株式会社ブリヂストン エラストマー補強用コード
JP7330191B2 (ja) * 2017-12-19 2023-08-21 コンパニー ゼネラール デ エタブリッスマン ミシュラン 超低、低、及び中程度の弾性率を有する２層マルチストランドコード
JP7278745B2 (ja) * 2018-10-30 2023-05-22 株式会社ブリヂストン エラストマー補強用コード
JP7278744B2 (ja) * 2018-10-30 2023-05-22 株式会社ブリヂストン エラストマー補強用コード
WO2020141012A1 (en) * 2018-12-31 2020-07-09 Goldhofer Ag Heavy-load vehicle

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5139874A (en) * 1991-09-05 1992-08-18 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Cable for reinforcing rubber articles
FR2925922A1 (fr) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-03 Michelin Soc Tech Cable a couches pour ceinture de pneumatique

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB562137A (en) * 1942-03-18 1944-06-20 Us Rubber Co Improvements in cords and in pneumatic tyre carcass fabrics made therefrom
JPS58188201U (ja) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-14 株式会社ブリヂストン ラジアルタイヤ
JP3538205B2 (ja) * 1992-03-09 2004-06-14 住友ゴム工業株式会社 タイヤのカーカス用のスチールコード、タイヤのフィラー用のスチールコード、及びそれを用いたタイヤ
US5609014A (en) * 1992-04-20 1997-03-11 Tokyo Rope Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Rubber reinforcing steel cord
JPH05302283A (ja) * 1992-04-20 1993-11-16 Tokyo Seiko Co Ltd ゴム補強用スチールコード
JPH0622162A (ja) * 1992-07-06 1994-01-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd インデックス信号検出装置
JP3385555B2 (ja) * 1992-10-09 2003-03-10 ブリヂストンメタルファ株式会社 補強用スチ−ルコ−ド及びゴムとの複合体並びにその製法
SK283933B6 (sk) * 1993-12-15 2004-05-04 N. V. Bekaert S. A. Oceľový kord s otvorenou štruktúrou, spôsob jeho výroby a zariadenie na vykonávanie tohto spôsobu
EP0709236A1 (de) * 1994-10-28 1996-05-01 Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited Reifenkord
AU2271199A (en) * 1997-12-15 1999-07-05 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Steel cord with polymer material
WO2001034900A1 (fr) * 1999-11-11 2001-05-17 Bridgestone Corporation Cable d'acier de renforcement d'un article en caoutchouc et pneumatique correspondant
US6272830B1 (en) * 2000-02-18 2001-08-14 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Steel cord for reinforcing elastomeric articles
KR100803644B1 (ko) * 2000-09-11 2008-02-19 요코하마 고무 가부시키가이샤 타이어용 강철 코드 및 래디얼 타이어
EP1346102B1 (de) * 2000-12-01 2005-12-07 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Stahlseil zur verstärkung von geländereifen und förderbändern
JP4067853B2 (ja) * 2001-03-30 2008-03-26 横浜ゴム株式会社 エラストマー複合スチールコードおよびその製造方法
DE10213289A1 (de) * 2001-03-30 2002-11-14 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd Elastomer-und-Stahlkord-Verbundwerkstoff und Prozess zur Herstellung desselben
JP4355111B2 (ja) * 2001-03-30 2009-10-28 横浜ゴム株式会社 エラストマー複合スチールコードの製造方法
JP4049627B2 (ja) * 2002-07-02 2008-02-20 トクセン工業株式会社 エラストマー複合スチールコードおよびその製造方法
JP4014497B2 (ja) * 2002-12-13 2007-11-28 横浜ゴム株式会社 スチールコード及びそれを用いた空気入りラジアルタイヤ
JP4316904B2 (ja) * 2003-03-14 2009-08-19 不二精工株式会社 ゴム被覆スチールコードの製造装置並びに同コード、同コードを用いたゴムリボン及びそれらを用いたタイヤの製造方法
DE102004036807A1 (de) * 2004-07-29 2006-03-23 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Stahlkord zur Verwendung als Festigkeitsträger in Bauteilen von Fahrzeugluftreifen
FR2873721A1 (fr) 2004-08-02 2006-02-03 Michelin Soc Tech Cable a couches pour armature de sommet de pneumatique
JP4630154B2 (ja) * 2005-08-02 2011-02-09 住友ゴム工業株式会社 タイヤ用の金属コードの製造方法、及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤの製造方法
EP2423380B1 (de) * 2006-08-31 2016-10-12 Bridgestone Corporation Stahlcord zur Verstärkung von Gummi- und Luftradialreifen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5139874A (en) * 1991-09-05 1992-08-18 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Cable for reinforcing rubber articles
FR2925922A1 (fr) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-03 Michelin Soc Tech Cable a couches pour ceinture de pneumatique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101547377B1 (ko) 2015-08-25
US20110198008A1 (en) 2011-08-18
BRPI0916700A2 (pt) 2015-11-10
EA018029B1 (ru) 2013-04-30
EA201170279A1 (ru) 2011-08-30
JP5276717B2 (ja) 2013-08-28
WO2010012411A1 (fr) 2010-02-04
KR20110045030A (ko) 2011-05-03
EP2326765A1 (de) 2011-06-01
CN102105634B (zh) 2012-08-08
FR2934614A1 (fr) 2010-02-05
CN102105634A (zh) 2011-06-22
FR2934614B1 (fr) 2010-09-10
JP2011530013A (ja) 2011-12-15
US8869851B2 (en) 2014-10-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2326765B1 (de) In-situ-gummiertes schichtkabel zur karkassenverstärkung von reifen
EP2238289B1 (de) In-situ gummiertes schichtkabel für reifengürtel
EP2366046B1 (de) Mehrlagige drahtlitze mit während des schlagens eingebrachtem füller als verstärkung eines reifens
EP2449171B1 (de) Merhlitziges stahlkabel wobei die zweilagigen litzen mit kunststoff wàhrend der produktion versehen werden
EP2449170B1 (de) Mehrlitziges verstärkungskabel, wobei die einzelnen litzen mit rohgummi bei deren schlagen versehen weren
EP2366048B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer mehrlagigen litze als reifenverstärkung mit während des schlagens eingebrachten füller
EP2238288B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines kabels mit zwei schichten der in-situ-verbindungstype
EP2438233A1 (de) Vor ort gummiertes kabel mit drei schichten für den rahmen eines reifenunterbaus
EP2414583B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer dreilagigen stahllitze
EP2414582B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer dreilagigen stahllitze
EP2449169A2 (de) In-situ gummiertes dreilagiges stahlseil mit 3+m+n-struktur
EP2449168A2 (de) In-situ gummiertes dreilagiges stahlseil mit 2+m+n-struktur
EP1699973B1 (de) Dreischichtiger metallcord zur reifenkarkassenverstärkung
FR2959517A1 (fr) Cable metallique multitorons elastique a haute permeabilite.
EP2572032A1 (de) Mit einem ungesättigten thermoplastischen elastomer in-situ gummiertes mehrschichtiges metallseil
FR2969181A1 (fr) Cable metallique multitorons a haute permeabilite
FR2950904A1 (fr) Cable metallique multitorons a haute permeabilite.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20110301

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA RS

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20120206

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: MICHELIN RECHERCHE ET TECHNIQUE S.A.

Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BARGUET, HENRI

Inventor name: POTTIER, THIBAUD

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20150515

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 752497

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20151015

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602009034148

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151231

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151230

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20150930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 752497

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20150930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160130

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160201

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602009034148

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 8

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20160701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160731

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20160723

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160731

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160731

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160723

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160723

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160723

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20090723

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150930

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230725

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230719

Year of fee payment: 15

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 602009034148

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN, FR

Free format text: FORMER OWNERS: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN, CLERMONT-FERRAND, FR; MICHELIN RECHERCHE ET TECHNIQUE S.A., GRANGES-PACCOT, CH