EP2211000A1 - Schaltafel für eine Betonmauer - Google Patents
Schaltafel für eine Betonmauer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2211000A1 EP2211000A1 EP10151226A EP10151226A EP2211000A1 EP 2211000 A1 EP2211000 A1 EP 2211000A1 EP 10151226 A EP10151226 A EP 10151226A EP 10151226 A EP10151226 A EP 10151226A EP 2211000 A1 EP2211000 A1 EP 2211000A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stiffeners
- formwork
- sheet
- banche
- panel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G9/06—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/002—Workplatforms, railings; Arrangements for pouring concrete, attached to the form
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G2011/067—Integrated forms comprising shuttering skin, bracing or strutting arrangements, workplatforms and railings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a formwork shuttering of a concrete wall, of the type described in the preamble of claim 1.
- the boards are large formwork. They are designed to assemble one above the other and next to each other to form very large surfaces of formwork concrete sails.
- the banches are also provided with platforms allowing work for operators pouring concrete.
- metal sheets whose form surface is made by a metal sheet for example steel.
- the formwork thus comprises a formwork sheet and, to prevent buckling of the formwork sheet and to allow the addition of various accessories, a plurality of longitudinal stiffeners welded to the rear face of the formwork sheet.
- the stiffeners comprise, for example, four end stiffeners welded along the end edges of the form sheet, and a plurality of vertical intermediate stiffeners, for example of circular section, extending in parallel between the lateral end stiffeners. . Horizontal stiffeners may also be provided.
- An object of the invention is to provide a shuttering formwork whose weight is relatively low.
- the invention relates to anadohe of the aforementioned type, characterized by the characterizing part of claim 1.
- the figure 1 illustrates a formwork panel 2 of a concrete wall, more particularly a concrete veil.
- the formwork 2 comprises a formwork body 4 defining a formwork surface 5.
- a corbel work platform 6 is mounted at the rear of the formwork body 4, at its upper end, and provided with a ladder 8. The platform 6 ensures the access of the operators at the top of the block 2, to pour the concrete.
- Two ground support struts 10 are hinged to the rear of the formwork body 4 to ensure its stability on the ground.
- the formwork body 4 more particularly comprises, as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 3 , a formwork sheet 12 having a front face 14 ( Figures 3 to 5 defining the form surface 5, a plurality of stiffeners 16, 17 arranged against the opposite rear face 15 of the formwork sheet 12, and a rear closure plate 18 disposed against the stiffeners 16, 17.
- the rear panel 18 closes the formwork body 4 to give it a general box shape .
- the shuttering body 4 is further provided, in a conventional manner and as illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 , feet jacks 20 for raising the panel 2, vertical assembly means 22 with a lower panel and with an upper panel, lateral assembly means 24 on each side of the panel 2, with a side panel, and four blocks 26 for receiving clamping rods for clamping the panels 2 arranged facing each other.
- the formwork sheet 12 has a general shape of flat plate and rectangular outline. It thus has two upper edges 30A and lower 30A ', parallel to each other and defining a horizontal reference, and two lateral edges 30B, 30B' parallel to each other and defining a vertical reference.
- the stiffeners comprise end stiffeners 16 disposed along respective end edges 30A, 30A ', 30B, 30B' of the form sheet 12, and intermediate stiffeners 17 disposed on the rear face 15 of the form sheet 12, between the end stiffeners 16.
- the end stiffeners 16 thus comprise an upper horizontal stiffener 16A, a lower horizontal stiffener 16A ', a left lateral stiffener 16B, and a right lateral stiffener 16B'.
- the guidelines are in relation to the position of the branch on the figure 2 , that is to say seen from the back of the board 2.
- the four end stiffeners 16, the form sheet 12 and the rear closure plate 18 are arranged to form together a box 31 closed.
- the intermediate stiffeners 17 are housed inside the box 31 delimiting inside the box 31 a plurality of closed compartments 32.
- the shuttering body 4 furthermore has additional plates 33 closing the box 31 along certain contour elements of the rear plate 18.
- the upper stiffener 16A is illustrated more precisely on the Figures 3 and 4 . It has a stepped profile shape over its entire length. It delimits an upper bearing surface 36 against which an upper handle is likely to be sealingly supported on the concrete.
- the lower stiffener 16A ' is visible on the figure 3 , and more particularly on the figure 5 . It is a plate thicker than the upper stiffener 16A, because of its smaller width.
- the lower stiffener 16A ' is raised to the rear to avoid reinforcing iron concrete that is waiting in the ground.
- the side stiffeners 16B and 16B ' are generally plate-shaped. They are also provided with a plurality of recesses 38 for receiving the lateral assembly means 24 and various members.
- the lateral stiffeners 16B, 16B ' have, in known manner, a greater width at the side assembly means 24, to structurally strengthen them.
- the upper and lower stiffeners 16A, 16A ' are provided to receive the foot jacks 20 and the vertical assembly means 22.
- the end stiffeners 16 and the intermediate stiffeners 17 are welded to the rear face 15 of the formwork sheet 12 along their front edge 40, for example discontinuously. These are for example solder lines of 3 cm every 25 cm.
- the stiffeners 16, 17 have a slightly convex front edge 40 so that the formwork sheet 12 has a convex counter-arrow forward in the vertical direction, for example between 0.5 mm per meter and 2 mm per meter , preferably about 1 mm per meter, or about 2 mm over the entire height of panel 2 in the example shown.
- the formwork sheet 12 is thus convex towards the front.
- Intermediate stiffeners 17 include horizontal intermediate stiffeners 17A, and vertical intermediate stiffeners 17B.
- the intermediate stiffeners 17 are flat, that is to say in the general shape of flat plate. They are also thin. Their thickness is for example less than or equal to 2mm.
- the vertical intermediate stiffeners 17B are illustrated more precisely on the figure 6 . They are arranged parallel to each other and to the side edges 30B, 30B '. They are distributed substantially uniformly over the width of the panel 2.
- the vertical stiffeners 17B extend, with the exception of the central stiffener 17B ', over the entire height of the panel 2.
- the central stiffener 17B' is indeed shorter in the upper part of the panel 2 to allow the optional housing of a clamping rod receiving block.
- the rear edge 42 of the vertical intermediate stiffeners 17B is convex, so that the stiffeners 17B have a greater rigidity in the middle part of the panel 2, where the stresses are the strongest.
- the width of the stiffeners 17B is thus optimized as a function of the value of the stress provided at the level of the form sheet 12. These stress values vary in a vertical direction due to the pressure of the concrete.
- the horizontal stiffeners 17A intersect and interpenetrate with the vertical stiffeners 17B by means of slots 44 ( Figures 6 and 7 ) respectively provided in the horizontal stiffeners 17A and in the vertical stiffeners 17B.
- the stiffeners 17A, 17B overlap each other and are thus fixed one in the other.
- This arrangement of the horizontal stiffeners 17A and 17B vertical stiffeners reinforces the stiffeners 17 and avoids the deformation of the stiffeners 17 in a direction normal to their general plane of extension.
- the intermediate stiffeners 17 are, alternatively, oblique, that is to say arranged in a direction inclined relative to the horizontal and vertical.
- the stiffeners 17 are arranged in parallel in at least two directions having an angle of at least 45 ° between them, preferably 90 °.
- the intermediate stiffeners 17A, 17B have, along their rear edge 42, lugs 47 projecting rearwardly and intended to be soldered by plug welding to the rear plate 18 ( figures 6 bis and 6 ter).
- each pin 47 is received in a corresponding through hole 47 'of the rear plate 18, with a clearance around the pin 47.
- a welding material 47 is cast to fill the orifice 47' and thus ensure the connection between the stiffener 17 and the rear plate 18 by a weld called "plug".
- the pins 47 penetrate partially into the orifices 47 ', for example about les of the thickness of the rear plate 18.
- the horizontal and vertical stiffeners 17A, 17B are, at their crossroads, welded together to the formwork sheet 12 by angle welds 46 illustrated more precisely on the figure 8 .
- the rear plate 18 has a general shape of thin plate. Its outline is substantially rectangular. Nevertheless, the rear plate 18 has a contour shaped to delimit a plurality of recesses 48 allowing access from the rear to the foot jacks 20 to the horizontal and lateral assembly means 24.
- the plates 33 ( figure 2 ) are arranged in the contour of the recesses 48 to close the box 31 at the latter.
- the rear panel 18 may of course have any recess or member necessary for the presence of an accessory, for example for the passage of blocks 26 for receiving the clamping rods.
- the rear plate 18 is disposed against the rear edge 42 of each intermediate stiffener 17. It thus has a convex shape towards the rear ( figure 3 ) in line with the rear edge 42 of the intermediate stiffeners 17. It has, in vertical section, a rounded shape, and, in horizontal section, a rectilinear shape.
- the rear plate 18 is welded to the inner side of the end stiffeners 16 (see FIG. Figures 3 to 5 ).
- the rear plate 18 is welded to the intermediate stiffeners 17 by plugging their studs 47.
- the formwork sheet 12 is a thin plate. It has for example a thickness less than or equal to 4 mm.
- the rear plate 18 has for example a thickness less than that of the formwork sheet 12.
- the formwork sheet 12 is ferromagnetic so as to allow fixing, on the front face 14, of mannequins for reservation openings of the concrete veil (doors, windows, ).
- the formwork sheet 12, the stiffeners 16, 17 and the rear sheet 18 are for example made of steel, preferably a high-tensile steel.
- the form sheet 12 is made of stainless steel, preferably a ferritic stainless steel with 17% chromium, or In Scheme TM steel.
- the present invention also relates to a set of panels composed of several panels as described above.
- the panels described above are in fact intended to be arranged facing each other in order to form a molding space of a wall, and to be assembled one above the other and next to each other another way to form very large volumes of formwork, for example of a height and width greater than 5 meters.
- the boards according to the invention have many advantages, especially in terms of weight.
- the recovery of forces by the rear plate 18 makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the stiffeners arranged against the formwork sheet 12, in particular their thickness and their width.
- the thickness of the formwork sheet 12 is also reduced. It follows that the total weight of the formwork body 4, and therefore of the form 2, is substantially reduced compared to existing dies.
- the panel 2 thus has a total weight per m 2 of form surface less than or equal to 160 kg / m 2 , preferably less than or equal to 120 kg / m 2 , more preferably less than or equal to 100 kg / m 2 .
- the formwork body 4 has for example a width of between 30 cm and 2.50 m and a height of between 1 m and 3.50 m.
- the thickness of the panel 2 that is to say its dimension measured in a direction perpendicular to the form surface, is also less than or equal to 36 cm, for example approximately equal to 30 cm.
- the formwork can be handled more easily, which reduces the time required to handle it on a construction site.
- the rear plate 18 provides stiffeners 17 of particularly simple and inexpensive form, namely flat stiffeners.
- These stiffeners 17 have, thanks to their flat shape, a very good resistance in bending around a ZZ axis ( figure 2 perpendicular to the plane along which the stiffener extends, even for a low material thickness.
- the convex arrow against the forwards imposed on the formwork sheet 12 in a vertical direction provides better flexural strength of the board 2.
- the against-arrow is indeed adapted so that the formwork sheet 12 and the stiffeners deform elastically until a substantially flat shape after pouring of the concrete, that is to say so that the counter-arrow is canceled substantially.
- the configuration of the form 2 is, after casting concrete, optimal for good rigidity.
- the closed box 31 obtained thanks to the rear plate 18 provides good thermal insulation of the formwork sheet 12 with the outside, which allows a faster setting of the concrete when the temperature of the outside air is cool.
- the formwork body 4 further comprises an insulating material arranged inside the box 31, for example in each compartment 32, to further improve the thermal insulation of the formwork sheet 12.
- This is for example a layer of polyurethane foam, for example sprayed with a gun.
- the horizontal intermediate stiffeners 17A are for example first welded to the rear face 15 of the formwork sheet 12 along their front edge 40.
- the vertical intermediate stiffeners 17B are then placed on the horizontal stiffeners 17A so as to interpenetrate each other at their respective slots 44, and then welded to the formwork sheet 12.
- the corner welds 46 at the crossings of the stiffeners 17 are then made.
- the manufacture then comprises a step of welding the end stiffeners 16 on the formwork sheet 12 along their front edge 40. This is for example first of the upper stiffener 16A, then the lower stiffener 16A ', followed by the two stiffeners 16B 'and 16B ".
- the rear panel 18 is disposed against the rear edges 42 of the intermediate stiffeners 17 and against the inner sides of the end stiffeners 16.
- the rear panel 18 is, advantageously, welded to the intermediate stiffeners 17 by plug welding around the pins 47.
- the welding with the end stiffeners 16 is for example performed last.
- the order of the welds of the rear plate 18 is reversed.
- the platform 6 and the struts 10 are also foldable and removable.
- the blocks 26 illustrated are fixed, but they can also be provided removable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11179390A EP2400080A1 (de) | 2009-01-21 | 2010-01-20 | Schalwand zur Verschalung einer Betonmauer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0950366A FR2941254B1 (fr) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Banche de coffrage d'un mur en beton. |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11179390.7 Division-Into | 2011-08-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2211000A1 true EP2211000A1 (de) | 2010-07-28 |
EP2211000B1 EP2211000B1 (de) | 2012-02-08 |
Family
ID=40897618
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11179390A Withdrawn EP2400080A1 (de) | 2009-01-21 | 2010-01-20 | Schalwand zur Verschalung einer Betonmauer |
EP10151226A Active EP2211000B1 (de) | 2009-01-21 | 2010-01-20 | Schaltafel für eine Betonmauer |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11179390A Withdrawn EP2400080A1 (de) | 2009-01-21 | 2010-01-20 | Schalwand zur Verschalung einer Betonmauer |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP2400080A1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE544923T1 (de) |
FR (2) | FR2941254B1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3016382A1 (fr) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-17 | Outinord St Amand | Banche de coffrage. |
FR3016381A1 (fr) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-17 | Outinord St Amand | Bras lateraux pour banche de coffrage. |
FR3080396A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-25 | Outinord St Amand | Dispositif de coffrage presentant une paroi arriere plastique |
EP4303379A1 (de) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-10 | Roger De Kalbermatten | Verbundschalungsplatte mit einem nichtmetallischen kern und einer magnetischen metallfolie |
FR3137699A1 (fr) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-12 | Roger de KALBERMATTEN | Panneau de coffrage composite, comprenant une âme non métallique et une feuille métallique magnétique |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3114336B1 (fr) | 2020-09-22 | 2023-12-22 | Outinord St Amand | Coffrage chauffant pour realiser un element d’ouvrage en beton |
FR3114335B1 (fr) | 2020-09-22 | 2022-11-11 | Anoxa | Element de garde-corps, en particulier de garde-corps de banche |
FR3118780B1 (fr) | 2021-01-14 | 2023-09-29 | Sateco Sa | Banche comprenant au moins un dispositif de liaison en rive, ensemble de deux banches et procédé de liaison |
CN112982954A (zh) * | 2021-02-28 | 2021-06-18 | 晟通科技集团有限公司 | 沉降模板框架 |
US12049764B1 (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2024-07-30 | II David R. Lyle | Wall jack |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH277909A (fr) * | 1943-10-05 | 1951-09-30 | William Rumble Roy | Coffrage. |
GB1062655A (en) * | 1964-05-23 | 1967-03-22 | John Laing Res & Dev Ltd | Improvements in formwork for concrete |
DE2344945A1 (de) * | 1973-09-06 | 1975-03-13 | Huennebeck Gmbh | Schalungselement |
FR2318292A2 (fr) * | 1975-07-17 | 1977-02-11 | Caplat Sylvain | Banches pour coffrage du beton |
FR2432593A1 (fr) * | 1978-05-19 | 1980-02-29 | Toulouze Andre | Amelioration des banches metalliques |
EP0448120A1 (de) * | 1990-03-23 | 1991-09-25 | Niels Dipl.-Ing. Hollmann | Betonierungs-Schaltafel |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1801912U (de) * | 1959-08-26 | 1959-12-10 | Ver Leichtmetallwerke Gmbh | Schalungsplatte aus aluminium. |
DE1892800U (de) * | 1964-03-18 | 1964-05-14 | Aluminium Walzwerke Singen | Heizbare schalungsplanke. |
DE2253588A1 (de) * | 1972-11-02 | 1974-05-16 | Omega Geruestbau Gmbh | Schalrahmen fuer betonschalungen |
DE4316151A1 (de) * | 1993-03-18 | 1994-09-22 | Kvh Verbautechnik Gmbh | Verbauplatte |
US20080307729A1 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-12-18 | Maxam Industries Inc. | Structural panels |
-
2009
- 2009-01-21 FR FR0950366A patent/FR2941254B1/fr active Active
-
2010
- 2010-01-20 EP EP11179390A patent/EP2400080A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-01-20 AT AT10151226T patent/ATE544923T1/de active
- 2010-01-20 EP EP10151226A patent/EP2211000B1/de active Active
-
2013
- 2013-07-04 FR FR1356526A patent/FR2991359B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH277909A (fr) * | 1943-10-05 | 1951-09-30 | William Rumble Roy | Coffrage. |
GB1062655A (en) * | 1964-05-23 | 1967-03-22 | John Laing Res & Dev Ltd | Improvements in formwork for concrete |
DE2344945A1 (de) * | 1973-09-06 | 1975-03-13 | Huennebeck Gmbh | Schalungselement |
FR2318292A2 (fr) * | 1975-07-17 | 1977-02-11 | Caplat Sylvain | Banches pour coffrage du beton |
FR2432593A1 (fr) * | 1978-05-19 | 1980-02-29 | Toulouze Andre | Amelioration des banches metalliques |
EP0448120A1 (de) * | 1990-03-23 | 1991-09-25 | Niels Dipl.-Ing. Hollmann | Betonierungs-Schaltafel |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3016382A1 (fr) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-17 | Outinord St Amand | Banche de coffrage. |
FR3016381A1 (fr) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-17 | Outinord St Amand | Bras lateraux pour banche de coffrage. |
FR3080396A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-25 | Outinord St Amand | Dispositif de coffrage presentant une paroi arriere plastique |
EP4303379A1 (de) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-10 | Roger De Kalbermatten | Verbundschalungsplatte mit einem nichtmetallischen kern und einer magnetischen metallfolie |
FR3137699A1 (fr) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-12 | Roger de KALBERMATTEN | Panneau de coffrage composite, comprenant une âme non métallique et une feuille métallique magnétique |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2400080A1 (de) | 2011-12-28 |
EP2211000B1 (de) | 2012-02-08 |
FR2941254B1 (fr) | 2013-08-16 |
FR2991359A1 (fr) | 2013-12-06 |
FR2991359B1 (fr) | 2015-08-07 |
FR2941254A1 (fr) | 2010-07-23 |
ATE544923T1 (de) | 2012-02-15 |
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