EP2179220B1 - Flüssigkeitsgekühlte rostplatte mit verschleissplatten und aus solchen rostplatten bestehender stufenrost - Google Patents

Flüssigkeitsgekühlte rostplatte mit verschleissplatten und aus solchen rostplatten bestehender stufenrost Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2179220B1
EP2179220B1 EP08772912.5A EP08772912A EP2179220B1 EP 2179220 B1 EP2179220 B1 EP 2179220B1 EP 08772912 A EP08772912 A EP 08772912A EP 2179220 B1 EP2179220 B1 EP 2179220B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
grill
grate
cooling body
wear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08772912.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2179220A2 (de
Inventor
Michael Sandeman
Thomas Stiefel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doikos Investments Ltd
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Doikos Investments Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Doikos Investments Ltd filed Critical Doikos Investments Ltd
Priority to PL08772912T priority Critical patent/PL2179220T3/pl
Publication of EP2179220A2 publication Critical patent/EP2179220A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2179220B1 publication Critical patent/EP2179220B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00—Grates with solid bars
    • F23H1/02—Grates with solid bars having provision for air supply or air preheating, e.g. air-supply or blast fittings which form a part of the grate structure or serve as supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/02—End fittings on bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/12—Fire-bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2200/00—Waste incineration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/101—Furnace arrangements with stepped or inclined grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/17002—Detachable or removable worn-out parts

Definitions

  • water-cooled grate plates such as those made, for example, have been installed EP 0 621 449 emerge, and which are arranged in a staircase overlapping arranged to form a step grate.
  • Each grate step is in the running direction of the entire grate forward and backward displaced to produce a stoking and transport movement for the lying on the grate kiln.
  • liquid-cooled grate plates are made of steel, which is about 10-12 mm thick, is bent and then welded together in two half-shells, creating a cavity through which the cooling fluid, such as cooling water, a suitable oil or a specific components offset Coolant can flow.
  • the cooling fluid such as cooling water, a suitable oil or a specific components offset Coolant can flow.
  • Hardox is used for the surface, because it is much harder, ie ordinary steel and therefore more resistant to wear.
  • Hardox is temperature sensitive and softens above about 280 °. Welding is done to avoid Hardach's hardness in a water bath to continuously remove heat from the weld, because the temperature of Hardox must remain below about 280 ° C, because Hardox remains hard only up to this temperature.
  • the grate plate After welding, the grate plate must be directed because it is inevitably distorted by the welding, because when welding arise in very local areas high temperatures and in the plate large temperature gradients. It is known in the prior art to provide separate wear plates at those points of the grate plate tops where the cascaded superimposed grate plates touch each other and wear occurs due to their advancing movement. These can be replaced if necessary, so that the main body of the grate plate can continue to be used.
  • the wear plates can for example be placed directly on the base body and welded to them, or else be fastened by means of screw on the base body.
  • the wear plates are placed directly on the cooled grate plates. Although these wear plates macroscopically rest on the cooled grate plates, it turns out that the heat transfer from the wear plate to the cooled grate plate is very limited. Accordingly, the liquid cooling of the underlying cooled grate plate is less effective. Because the underside of the wear plates on the one hand as well as the tops of the cooled grate plates on the other hand are microscopically uneven, resulting in many small air gaps and the plates are microscopically seen only pointwise or small elevations really on each other and touch only there full, so that only on These places an effective heat transfer takes place, while everywhere else the air gaps have an insulating effect.
  • the grate plate through which liquid flows, forms a grate step, the upper side of which is provided with wear plates.
  • the production of such a grate plate is very labor intensive, but many waterproof welds must be placed to assemble the grate plate made of sheet metal parts watertight.
  • To supply primary air to the fire through the liquid cooled grate plate tube sections are welded into the interior of the grate plate, which they break from bottom to top. Each of these pipe sections must be very carefully welded into the base and cover plate of the grate plate, so that the tightness is guaranteed.
  • These welding jobs are demanding and time-consuming.
  • the grate plates thus produced are therefore prone to defective processing and repair in the case of detecting leaks is difficult.
  • US Pat. No. 3,263,655 A is a construction with a flow-through heat sink known, which consists of a series of parallel, round water pipes (water pipes) 32, which open at the ends in each case a cross header 32.
  • a flow-through heat sink known, which consists of a series of parallel, round water pipes (water pipes) 32, which open at the ends in each case a cross header 32.
  • T-shaped members 50 placed on these tubes 32, and the rods 50 must have on their underside cylinder-segment-like bulges, so that they enclose the tubes 32 around a circular segment. Between the tubes 32 and the rods a plastic thermally conductive aluminum binding material is clamped.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a liquid-cooled grate plate and a grate consisting of such grate plates, wherein the single grate plate of non-temperature-sensitive, cheap iron or steel to be produced, but should still provide the required wear resistance by using replaceable wear plates is equipped.
  • this grate plate should be a fault-tolerant structure with much less water Have welds and allow much simpler and cheaper production and repair if possible than conventional constructions, and remain dimensionally stable even in overheating.
  • a significantly improved heat transfer from the wear plate to the liquid-cooled grate plate should be achieved with this grate plate, so that the cooling effect is hardly limited despite the attached wear plate.
  • This tube plate is made of a drivable support structure with a drive structure for this single grate plate, further with a separate, insertable into this support structure through-flow heat sink, as well as spanned on this heat sink wear plates, said grate plate is characterized by the features of claim 1.
  • the support structure of a single grate plate forms a skeleton of structural steel.
  • This is made of a number of welded steel sheets 1-10.
  • the to Plate plane perpendicular side walls 1,2 and the parallel arranged rib pieces 3-6 welded on its rear side with a rear wall 7, on its front side with an angle section 8 and in the middle part with a horizontal middle plate 9.
  • the rib pieces 3-6 have a stepped upper edge, so that space is created for inserting a heat sink, which then rests on these ribs 3-6 and on the center plate 9.
  • On this center plate 9 is here a connecting strip 10, the upper edge is flush with the upper edges of all other vertical parts 1-6 concludes.
  • a fastening strip 11 is welded, which is equipped with holes 12 for attachment of wear shoes 13, which, as shown, have a U-shaped profile and on which the grate plate after installation in a grate finally on the top of next lower grate plate rests.
  • a tunnel-like opening 14 is provided from behind, which serves to insert a drive construction.
  • FIG. 2 the support structure with the installed drive unit 15 is shown.
  • This drive unit 15 consists of a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 16, of which here the tab 17 is visible at the end of the piston rod.
  • This tab 17 is firmly connected to a bolt on the skeleton of the grate plate construction.
  • the hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 16 is housed inside a square tube 18 protected and firmly connected to the same.
  • a bore 19 At the rear end of the square tube 18 can be seen a bore 19, by means of which this square tube 18 and the inboard cylinder-piston unit 16 is fixedly connected to a grate base.
  • the FIG. 3 shows the separately prepared as a mounting module liquid-cooled heat sink K of the grate plate.
  • the heat sink K is thus a separate construction and, if possible, consists of standard components.
  • sections of long square tubes 20-22 may be used, which are welded together by cross-connections of short welded square tube sections 23-26 to a heat sink, so that a moderating cooling flow is generated.
  • the cooling pipe section 27 at the front of the grate plate is chamfered and requires its own welding construction.
  • this heatsink construction has only a fraction of weld seam lengths compared to a conventional water-cooled grate plate with inner, welded labyrinth channel.
  • this heat sink K is simply placed in the framework of the support and drive structure into which it fits carefully without the need for it to be attached in any way. It rests on the ribs 3-6 and its middle part on the non-visible here center plate 9.
  • the flow and return pipe 43, 44 of the heat sink K protrudes downwards out of the framework of the support structure, and to this the cooling hoses can be connected.
  • the heat sink K is flowed through during operation of a liquid. In most cases, it will be mere water, but oils or an oil mixed with specific components can also be used as the cooling fluid. As already too FIG. 3 shown, the cooling liquid causes to some extent over the entire surface of the grate plate and thus dissipates heat from the surface.
  • a heat-conducting foil 31 is then applied over the entire area, wherein this has cut-outs, which come to lie over the recesses 28-30.
  • the heat conducting foil consists for example of a soft metal, such as copper or aluminum, or of an alloy of several soft metals.
  • a thermal compound can be used as an alternative or addition to such a heat-conducting foil. Such heat pastes are used for example for the thermal connection and cooling of semiconductors in the electronics industry, but they are also suitable for the purposes pursued here, because they can be used up to 1300 ° C.
  • FIG. 5 shows the support and drive construction with the inserted therein heat sink and clamped thereon under entrapment of this heat conduction film or a thermally conductive, that is bolted, riveted or medium wedges and wedges clamped wear plates 32, 33th
  • a thermally conductive that is bolted, riveted or medium wedges and wedges clamped wear plates 32, 33th
  • the surface must be much harder than an ordinary structural steel that can be used for the construction of the skeleton.
  • the solution is now that the top of the grate plate where it comes into contact with the kiln, with at least one separate Verschleissplatte 32 and the front chamfer with a front wear plate 33 is equipped, but advantageously with a number of such Verschleissplatten 32, 33. The then simpler to assemble and also to replace.
  • Material for these Verschleissplatten 32, 33 is any material in question, which is sufficiently hard and mechanically resistant and can be preserved by cooling through the underlying heat sink at a temperature which does not jeopardize its hardness.
  • Hardox steel is suitable as a building material for the Verschleissplatten 32, 33.
  • These wear plates 32, 33 are - and this is very crucial - brought into the best possible thermal contact with the flow-through heat sink.
  • the Verschleissplatten 32, 33 of, for example, 5 to 10 mm thickness are placed on the flow-through heat sink K and screwed with the same positive and non-positive, riveted, jammed or glued.
  • Corresponding holes are provided in the wear plates 32, 33, so that the screw heads 34 are then flush with the surface of the wear plate.
  • a suitable heat-conducting material is inserted between the wear plates 32, 33 and the liquid-cooled heat sink K and clamped therebetween. This material is intended to compensate for all unevenness and lead to a rich and intimate mechanical connection and heat connection of the wear plates 32, 33 with the heat sink.
  • excellent heat-conducting material proves, for example, a so-called high heat conductive soft silicone film, which covers the heat sink top as well as their front oblique front page, as in FIG. 4 shown.
  • Such soft silicone films are soft, by the filling with thermally conductive ceramics highly heat conductive silicone films of extraordinary elasticity. They prove to be particularly suitable to dissipate heat due to different tolerances and bumps of two connectors over a longer distance to a housing or a heat sink.
  • silicone as a base material to bear namely the high temperature resistance, chemical resistance and high dielectric strength, although this latter property is not in the foreground in the present application.
  • soft silicone films Due to the high compressibility of the soft silicone film, heat sources and heat sinks with large unevenness and tolerances are thermally optimally connected to each other. Due to the very good conformability of the silicone material, the contact surfaces are increased and the thermal connection is significantly improved. The applied pressure is low, and the very high elasticity provides additional mechanical damping. Because of their thermal properties, such soft silicone films have hitherto been used as ideal thermal solutions for use in electronic components on SMD printed circuit boards. Such soft silicone films can greatly reduce the overall thermal transfer resistance between two materials. Soft silicone films of this kind are available, for example, from Kunze Folien GmbH, Raiffeisenallee 12a, D-82041 Oberhaching ( www.heatmanagement.com ), where they are listed as highly heat-conductive soft silicone films KU-TDFD.
  • the Verschleissplatten 32, 33 are on the one hand those who just rest on the heat sink, clamping the intermediate bathleitfolie, and are braced with screw to the underside of the skeleton, and on the other hand, those rest on the front of the oblique front side of the heat sink and also with pinching the underlying soft silicone film with the grate plate skeleton are tightened by screw.
  • the whole, the Brenngut facing upper and front side of the grate plate from wear plates 32, 33, and these are preferably made of Hardox steel.
  • the Verschleissplatten 32, 33 are clamped to the support structure, ie the grate plate skeleton. For the clamping are about screw. The screws are guided through the recesses 28-30 in the heat sink K. The Verschleissplatten 32, 33 are then clamped with clamping of the soft silicone film 31, which indeed has corresponding cutouts, with the heat sink by a lock nut is tightened on the underside of the grate plate Gerippes. This ensures optimal heat transfer.
  • the heat transfer through the use of a soft silicone film is up to five times better so without inserting such a soft silicone film.
  • the fastening of the wear plates 32, 33 can also be effected by means of rivets as an alternative to screw connections, or, for example, bolts with countersunk heads are used, which have a transverse slot in the region of their end. It only needs then a wedge by means of a hammer laterally driven into this slot. The loosening can then simply by a hammer blow on the opposite side of the Keils done, which is even faster than a large lock nut to solve.
  • silicone films or soft silicone films and heat conducting foils made of a soft metal or soft metal alloys can be used. Copper or aluminum are examples of such soft metals and they are also very good thermal conductivity.
  • Such a heat conducting film is suitable in a similar manner for clamping between the Verschleissplatten 32, 33 and the underlying heat sink and clings to it due to its softness to the surface structure of the wear plates and the heat sink. All of the above applies equally to the provision of the side planks of a water-cooled grate. These side plates have hitherto also been made of water-cooled hollow bodies.
  • FIG. 6 an alternative support and drive construction without transverse ribs is shown inside. It also has side walls 1, 2, which are welded together by a sloping front wall 48, a vertical center wall 45 and a likewise vertical rear wall 7 to form a skeleton. In the front wall 48 holes 49 are provided, which serve for fastening of the heat sink and the Verschleissplatten. On the one hand, a recess 14 for the drive unit 15 is provided from the rear.
  • the FIG. 7 shows the belonging to this skeleton heat sink K, which has a special feature breakthroughs 46 in the front 47 through which screws are plugged, so that the front wear plates on this front surface 47 of the heat sink K can be fastened.
  • the FIG. 8 shows the carrier and drive construction FIG.
  • FIG. 9 shows this support and drive construction with inserted therein heat sink and clamped under clamping of the heat conduction foil wear plates 32, 33, which with screws 34, which down through the skeleton lead, are clamped with the underside.
  • this carrier and drive construction is shown in a view from below, with inserted therein heat sink and clamped thereon under clamping of the heat conducting wear plates.
  • the drive unit 15 in which a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit is housed, from which one recognizes the end-side fixed tab 50, and the opposite tab 17 at the front end of the extendable piston.
  • one recognizes the flow 43 and return pipe 44 and the screws 34, by means of which the Verschleissplatten are attached to the front.
  • the two grate R and L are separated by a central plank 37, which for both the grate R as well as for the grate L forms a Schurplanke.
  • a central plank 37 which for both the grate R as well as for the grate L forms a Schurplanke.
  • the grate plates P every second grate stage are designed to be movable and slide perpendicular to the drawing sheet plane along the central plank 37 and the side planks 35, 36 back and forth.
  • these side planks 35, 36 and also the central plank 37 are subject to wear.
  • FIG. 12 shows the central guide plank 37 FIG. 6 in an enlarged view.
  • the wear plates 39 are here made of two parts, which are joined together at the top 38 in the middle. From both sides they are secured with countersunk screws 40 to the plank 37, wherein they pinch an inserted heat-conducting foil 31 below. In the lower area are cooled by the heat sink K and on its upper side also equipped with Verschleissplatten 32 grate plates P on the Verschleissplatten 39 to the central plank 37 at.
  • FIG. 13 shows the one side guide rail 35 FIG. 6 in an enlarged view.
  • the wear plate 41 is pulled here in one piece around the plank 35. Below it clamps a bathleitfolie 31 and it is screwed here with two countersunk screws 42 with the plank 35. In the lower region of the wear plate 41, the grate plates P cooled by the heat sink K and also equipped with wear plates 32 on their upper side abut against the wear plate 41.
  • the heat is therefore uniformly dissipated everywhere from the grate surface, that is, from the Verschleissplatten, and these are largely the same hot over their entire surface.
  • the number and arrangement of the air slots can remain identical in these grate plates with inserted heat sink and wear plates clamped thereon. You just have to lie over the recesses in the heat sink.
  • the positioning of the supply and return nozzles for the coolant can remain the same.
  • the cooling cross sections, the weight and the shape of the grate plates as well as the attachment points for the drive can remain unchanged.
  • the grate plates are therefore readily suitable for retrofitting existing grate webs. The advantages of this design presented here are therefore very obvious.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP08772912.5A 2007-08-22 2008-08-11 Flüssigkeitsgekühlte rostplatte mit verschleissplatten und aus solchen rostplatten bestehender stufenrost Active EP2179220B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08772912T PL2179220T3 (pl) 2007-08-22 2008-08-11 Rusztowina chłodzona wodą posiadająca płyty ścieralne oraz ruszt schodkowy składających się z takich rusztowin

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01322/07A CH701280B1 (de) 2007-08-22 2007-08-22 Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Rostplatte mit Verschleissplatten und aus solchen Rostplatten bestehender Stufenrost.
PCT/CH2008/000343 WO2009023977A2 (de) 2007-08-22 2008-08-11 Flüssigkeitsgekühlte rostplatte mit verschleissplatten und aus solchen rostplatten bestehender stufenrost

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2179220A2 EP2179220A2 (de) 2010-04-28
EP2179220B1 true EP2179220B1 (de) 2013-10-02

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ID=40378730

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EP08772912.5A Active EP2179220B1 (de) 2007-08-22 2008-08-11 Flüssigkeitsgekühlte rostplatte mit verschleissplatten und aus solchen rostplatten bestehender stufenrost

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US8590465B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2179220B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5380448B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR20100061683A (zh)
CN (1) CN101960220B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0815631A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2707954C (zh)
CH (1) CH701280B1 (zh)
EA (1) EA016515B1 (zh)
PL (1) PL2179220T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2009023977A2 (zh)

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US20100122643A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2010-05-20 Cole Arthur W Modular grate block for a refuse incinerator
CH703063A1 (de) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-31 Marco Bachmann Verkleidungselement für Vorrichtungsteile von Verbrennungsöfen.
DE202011005341U1 (de) * 2011-04-15 2014-05-20 Wvt Breiding Gmbh Modularer Roststab, Auflageelement, Brennbahnelement und Fußelement dafür sowie Vorschubrost einer Verbrennungsanlage
JP6207055B2 (ja) * 2013-05-27 2017-10-04 株式会社タクマ 水冷式ストーカの水冷火格子
US10309648B2 (en) * 2016-11-22 2019-06-04 General Electric Company System and method for active cooling of a grate bar for an incinerator of a waste-to-energy plant
DE102019108342A1 (de) * 2019-03-29 2020-10-01 EURODUR GmbH Rostplatte für einen Schubrostofen

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CN101960220A (zh) 2011-01-26
CA2707954A1 (en) 2009-02-26
CN101960220B (zh) 2012-10-10
JP5380448B2 (ja) 2014-01-08
JP2010537150A (ja) 2010-12-02
US8590465B2 (en) 2013-11-26
US20110232623A1 (en) 2011-09-29
PL2179220T3 (pl) 2014-04-30
KR20100061683A (ko) 2010-06-08
EP2179220A2 (de) 2010-04-28
CA2707954C (en) 2014-05-20
WO2009023977A4 (de) 2009-08-27
BRPI0815631A2 (pt) 2015-02-18
EA016515B1 (ru) 2012-05-30
WO2009023977A3 (de) 2009-06-18
CH701280B1 (de) 2010-12-31
WO2009023977A2 (de) 2009-02-26
EA201000154A1 (ru) 2010-10-29

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