EP2139840A1 - Procédé d'obtention d'anhydride maléique par distillation - Google Patents

Procédé d'obtention d'anhydride maléique par distillation

Info

Publication number
EP2139840A1
EP2139840A1 EP08718043A EP08718043A EP2139840A1 EP 2139840 A1 EP2139840 A1 EP 2139840A1 EP 08718043 A EP08718043 A EP 08718043A EP 08718043 A EP08718043 A EP 08718043A EP 2139840 A1 EP2139840 A1 EP 2139840A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
column
maleic anhydride
withdrawal
feed
theoretical plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08718043A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gunther Windecker
Gerd Kaibel
Michael Steiniger
Thilo Buntrock
Jens Weiguny
Dany Vanden Hautte
Thierry Lurquin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP08718043A priority Critical patent/EP2139840A1/fr
Publication of EP2139840A1 publication Critical patent/EP2139840A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/141—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column where at least one distillation column contains at least one dividing wall
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/54—Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides
    • C07C51/573—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the distillative recovery of maleic anhydride from a solution of maleic anhydride in a high-boiling absorbent, which is obtained by gas-phase oxidation of a hydrocarbon and at least partial absorption of the oxidation products in the absorbent.
  • MSA Maleic anhydride
  • hydrocarbons such as benzene, n-butenes or n-butane.
  • heterogeneous catalysts based on vanadyl pyrophosphate (VO) 2P2 ⁇ 7 are used.
  • the gaseous reaction mixture obtained contains, in addition to maleic anhydride, especially water, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Acid and acrylic acids are also formed in smaller quantities.
  • the reaction products can to a small extent phosphorus-containing compounds such. For example, triethyl phosphate or phosphoric acid, which are added to the reaction gas to extend the catalyst life and increase the conversion and / or selectivity, or contain oxidation products thereof.
  • the gas mixture leaving the reactor is cooled and sent for further work-up.
  • a high-boiling absorbent such as dibutyl phthalate or diisobutylhexahydrophthalate, wherein the MSA dissolves in the absorbent.
  • the crude solution thus obtained is fed to a usually multi-stage work-up by distillation in order to obtain the MSA in the necessary purity.
  • the workup can be carried out in principle both continuously and discontinuously.
  • EP-A 0928782 describes a process for the discontinuous work-up of MSA.
  • raw MSA is isolated from the absorbent solution in a stripping column.
  • the crude MSA is then freed from the low boilers in a batch column.
  • Medium boilers are withdrawn as vapor overhead and at least partially returned as condensate in the column.
  • Pure MSA is withdrawn at a location below the top of the head. It is also referred to in the document that this type of work-up can also be carried out continuously.
  • first low boilers are separated overhead.
  • the separation of the high boilers and the recovery of pure MSA takes place.
  • WO 96/29323 relates to a process for the purification of fouling components from the absorption medium cycle. It is described that at a first Column continuously withdrawn a liquid side draw of crude MSA. The crude product is then fed to at least one further (not shown and described) purification stage.
  • EP-A 0612714 describes the recovery of pure MSA via a three-stage distillation.
  • a crude MSA is obtained overhead, while the absorbent is passed through the sump in the circuit back to the absorption stage.
  • the crude MSA is then separated from the low boilers in the second column and then in the third column from the heavier-boiling components, which can be recycled back into the first column as needed.
  • the pure MSA accumulates as the top stream of the third column.
  • the acrylic acid content should be less than 100 ppm and the maleic acid content as free acid less than 500 ppm.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method by which MSA with at least comparable purity, preferably MSA improved purity, is obtained at a much lower expenditure on equipment.
  • the object is achieved by a process for the distillative recovery of maleic anhydride from a solution of maleic anhydride in a high-boiling absorbent, which is obtained by gas-phase oxidation of a hydrocarbon and at least partial absorption of the oxidation products in the absorbent, wherein
  • the solution is introduced laterally into an inflow column with a reinforcing part located above the inflow point and an output section located below the inflow point,
  • ii) provides an upper merging column communicating with the upper end of the reinforcing member and a lower merging column communicating with the lower end of the driven member;
  • the maleic anhydride can be removed on the side draw in liquid form or in gaseous form, preferably in liquid form.
  • the maleic anhydride obtained as a side draw generally has a purity of at least 99% by weight, preferably at least 99.5% by weight.
  • the inventive method allows the Recovery of maleic anhydride with a content (wt / wt) of less than 10 ppm, usually less than 5 ppm, acrylic acid and / or less than 10 ppm, usually less than 5 ppm, acetic acid by simple distillation. It is believed that high levels of acids, especially unsaturated acids such as acrylic acid or its oligomers, and / or acetic acid lead to discoloration of the maleic anhydride and products derived therefrom (lack of color stability).
  • the withdrawal of the compounds boiling lower than maleic anhydride at the top of the upper combining column can in principle take place in gaseous or liquid form.
  • the vapors drawn off at the head of the upper combining column are at least partially condensed and the condensate is completely or at least partially returned to the upper combining column .
  • Lower than maleic anhydride boiling compounds can be removed either as vapors or via a partial stream of the condensate.
  • the condensation temperature is preferably 55 to 80 ° C., more preferably 58 to 70 ° C.
  • the bottom of the lower union column is heated with at least one built-in and / or external heater.
  • the external heater can work with forced or natural circulation.
  • the hold-up of the sump and of the associated heaters should be as small as possible in order to avoid as far as possible thermal decomposition of the absorbent and / or formation of fouling components (such as, for example, fumaric acid).
  • z. B a version with a separate sump.
  • the high-boiling absorbent withdrawn at the bottom of the lower combining column may be recycled to the absorber (described below) in which the oxidation products of the gas-phase oxidation are at least partially absorbed into the absorbent.
  • the feed column, withdrawal column, upper assembly column and lower assembly column may be discrete components or may be formed as a section or chamber of a column combining several functions.
  • the term "communicating columns” means that there is an exchange between both ascending vapors and outflowing condensate.
  • a condenser for the vapors rising from the inlet or withdrawal column can be provided between the inlet and / or withdrawal column and the upper union column.
  • a heater for the draining from the inlet and outlet column condensate can be provided. Preferably, however, no such intermediate heaters or capacitors are used.
  • a so-called dividing wall column is used for distillation, that is to say the feed column and the withdrawal column are designed as partial chambers which are open on both sides to one merging space and which extend over a section of the longitudinal extent of a column and are separated from one another by a dividing wall.
  • Distillation columns containing a partition wall are known per se and z. As described in US-A 2,271, 134, US-A 4,230,533, EP-A 122 367, EP-A 126 288, EP-A 133 510, Chem. Eng. Technol. 10 (1987) 92-98; Chem, -Ing.-Techn. 61 (1989) No.
  • the partition can be permanently installed in the column, z. B. be welded, or it is releasably secured in the column, z. B. inserted.
  • the detachable attachment offers advantages such as greater flexibility, easier packing of the column with internals and lower investment costs.
  • thermally coupled columns e.g. Example, a distillation column with a thermally coupled Vorkolonne, that is, the deduction column, the upper union column and the lower union column are formed as a one-piece distillation column and the feed column is formed as a precolumn to the distillation column.
  • a distillation column having a thermally coupled postcolumn that is to say the feed column, the upper combining column and the lower combining column are formed as a one-piece distillation column and the withdrawal column is designed as a postcolumn to the distillation column.
  • Distillation columns with added auxiliary columns are known per se and familiar to the person skilled in the art.
  • the inlet column, the upper union column, the lower union column and the withdrawal column contain separating internals, such as separating trays, z. B. perforated plates or valve bottoms, ordered packs, z.
  • sheet or tissue packs such as Sulzer Mellapak, Sulzer BX, Montz B1 or Montz A3 or Kühni Rhombopak, or random beds of packing, such. Dixon rings, Raschig rings, high flow rings or Raschig super rings. It is preferred that at least the feed column and / or withdrawal column are provided with ordered packings wholly or in some areas.
  • Orderly packages, preferably sheet metal or fabric packages have a specific surface area of 100 to 750 m 2 / m 3 , in particular 250 to 500 m 2 / m 3 . They allow high separation performance at low pressure drops.
  • the dividing wall can, at least in some areas, be heat-insulating, e.g. B. double-walled with intermediate gas space or an internal heat-insulating layer, be executed.
  • a description of the various NEN possibilities of thermal insulation of the partition can be found in EP-A 640 367.
  • the sum of the theoretical separation stages of the upper combining column, feed column, withdrawal column and lower combining column is preferably from 15 to 80, in particular from 20 to 60.
  • the upper combining column and the lower combining column preferably each independently account for 1 to 60%, in particular 1 to 30%, of the sum of the theoretical separation stages of the upper consolidation column, feed column, withdrawal column and lower consolidation column.
  • Reinforcement part and stripping section of the inlet column each comprise at least one theoretical separation stage.
  • the height of the feed within the feed column is not critical to the process according to the invention per se. For energetic reasons, it may be advisable to reduce the output part of the inlet column in favor of the reinforcing part.
  • the part located above the side take-off and the part of the take-off column located below the side take-off each comprise at least one theoretical separating step.
  • the location of the side draw within the withdrawal column is not critical to the inventive method per se. For energetic reasons, it may be advisable to reduce the part above the side trigger in favor of the part located below the side trigger. 1 to 50%, in particular 1 to 30%, of the theoretical separation stages of the withdrawal column are preferably accounted for by the part of the withdrawal column located above the side draw.
  • Q is the ratio of the number of theoretical plates of the reinforcing part to the number of theoretical plates of the stripping section of the feed column, and Q is the ratio of the number of theoretical plates of the part above the side take off to the number of theoretical plates of the part of the take off column below the side take off ,
  • Q2 is> 4 ° C. Ie. in a partition wall constructed symmetrically with respect to the dividing wall, the feed is preferably lower than the side take-off.
  • the ratio of the sum of the theoretical separation stages of the feed column to the sum of the theoretical separation stages of the take-off column is preferably 0.8 to 1.2.
  • the vapor stream from the lower union column is divided into the inlet column and the withdrawal column according to the respective pressure loss of the columns.
  • the setting of a certain distribution ratio succeeds z. B. by changing the relative cross section of the inlet and outlet column.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the feed column to the cross-sectional area of the take-off column is preferably 0.25 to 4 in the process according to the invention.
  • the condensate stream from the upper combining column is preferably added to the feed column and the draw-off column in a ratio of 50: 1 to 1:50, preferably in a ratio of 20: 1 to 1:20, in particular in a ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10 , divided up.
  • the inventive distillation is usually carried out at a pressure in the range of 1 to 300 mbar (absolute), preferably 10 to 300 mbar (absolute), in particular 10 to 100 mbar (absolute).
  • the crude MSA solution is preferably introduced in liquid form at a temperature of 80 to 150 0 C in the feed column.
  • catch trays are suitably provided.
  • MSA gas phase oxidation of a hydrocarbon
  • tube bundle reactors are generally used.
  • fluidized bed reactors can be used.
  • hydrocarbons are generally aliphatic or aromatic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons having at least four carbon atoms, such as 1, 3-butadiene, 1-butene, 2-cis-butene, 2-trans-butene, n-butane, C4 mixtures, 1, 3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1-pentene, 2-cis-pentene, 2-trans-pentene, n-pentane, cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, cyclopentene, cyclopentane, Cs-mixtures, hexenes, hexanes, xane, cyclohexane and benzene.
  • n-butane Preference is given to 1-butene, 2-cis-butene, 2-trans-butene, n-butane, benzene or mixtures thereof.
  • n-butane Preference is given to 1-butene, 2-cis-butene, 2-trans-butene, n-butane, benzene or mixtures thereof.
  • n-butane and n-butane-containing gases and liquids can, for example, come from natural gas, steam crackers or FCCC crackers.
  • the addition of the hydrocarbon is generally quantity controlled, d. H. under constant specification of a defined amount per time unit.
  • the hydrocarbon can be metered in liquid or gaseous form.
  • the dosage in liquid form with subsequent evaporation before entering the reactor.
  • oxygen-containing gases such as air, synthetic air, an oxygen-enriched gas or pure, d. H. z. B. originating from the air separation oxygen.
  • oxygen-containing gas is preferably added in a controlled amount.
  • the gas to be passed through the reactor generally contains a hydrocarbon concentration of 0.5 to 15% by volume and an oxygen concentration of 8 to 25% by volume.
  • the missing one hundred vol .-% proportion is composed of other gases such as nitrogen, noble gases, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor, oxygenated hydrocarbons (eg., Methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid, ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, propanol, propionaldehyde , Propionic acid, acrolein, cetonaldehyde) and mixtures thereof.
  • VPO catalysts vanadium-, phosphorus- and oxygen-containing catalysts
  • VPO catalysts are used (see Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th edition, 2000 electronic release, Chapter "MALEIC AND FU- RIC ACIDS, Maleic Anhydride Production”).
  • VPO catalysts vanadyl hydrogen phosphate hemihydrate precursor
  • V2O5 pentavalent vanadium compound
  • a trivalent or trivalent phosphorus compound e.g. B.
  • Suitable catalysts and their preparation are, for. B. are described in WO 03 / 078,059, WO 03/078,058, WO 03/078,057 and WO 03 / 078,310.
  • a volatile phosphorus compound is preferably added to the gas.
  • Their concentration at the beginning, ie at the reactor inlet, is at least 0.2 ppm by volume, ie 0.2-10-6 parts by volume of the volatile phosphorus compounds. to the total volume of the gas at the reactor inlet.
  • phosphines and phosphoric acid esters are mentioned. Particular preference is given to the C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radicals
  • Phosphoric acid esters very particularly preferably trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate and tripropyl phosphate, in particular triethyl phosphate.
  • the gas phase oxidation is generally carried out at a temperature of 350 to 480 0 C. It can be applied at a pressure below normal pressure (eg up to 0.05 MPa absolute) as well as above atmospheric pressure (eg up to 10 MPa abs). Preference is given to a pressure of 0.1 to 1.0 MPa absolute, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 MPa absolute.
  • the reactor leaving the reaction gas is cooled in a suitable manner, for. Example by means of an indirect gas-gas heat exchanger, wherein the heat dissipated is used for preheating the feed gas.
  • the reaction gas can be further cooled, wherein z. B. hot steam can be generated.
  • the cooled reaction gas is passed into an absorber in which it is brought into contact with the high-boiling absorbent.
  • the absorption zone of the absorber expediently contains internals, for. As packing, such as caliper or rings, to promote the gas-liquid contact.
  • the absorber may comprise a tray column in which the gas-liquid contact takes place on the trays.
  • the cooled reaction gas is conveniently introduced into the absorber in a lower portion of the absorber while the absorbent is introduced into an upper portion of the absorber so that the absorbent is countercurrently fed to the reaction gas.
  • the MSA and some of the oxidation byproducts are absorbed into the absorbent, while the other part of the oxidation by-products and inert gases leave the absorber as the exhaust. Suitable absorbers are z. As described in EP-A 612714 and WO 96/29323.
  • the absorbent should have high solvency for MSA, low vapor pressure, and sufficient thermal stability. Suitable absorbents are dimethylbenzophenone, dichlorodiphenyl oxide, dialkyl phthalates and dialkylhexafluhthalates. Preference is given to di- (C 1 -C 8 -alkyl) phthalates and hexahydrophthalates.
  • Dibutyl phthalate is most preferred.
  • FIG. 1 shows a dividing wall column suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention.
  • the dividing wall column 1, 2,3 comprises a feed column 2A and a draw column 2B separated by a dividing wall and opening upwards to the upper merging column 3 and down to the lower merging column 1.
  • Above and below the dividing wall area collecting trays with collectors and distributors are provided, which ensure a uniform sprinkling of the column.
  • the crude MSA solution is introduced continuously into the feed column 2A.
  • the inlet column 2A comprises a reinforcing part located above the feed point 10 and a driven part located below the feed point 10.
  • the withdrawal column 2B comprises a reinforcing part located above the side take-off 11 and a stripping section located below the side take-off 11. About the side trigger 11, the pure MSA is deducted.
  • the vapors are fed to a condenser 4; the condensate is wholly or partially recycled to the upper region of the column 1, 2,3; the rest is discharged via the line 13 as a light boiler or gaseous liquid fraction.
  • Bottom product is withdrawn from the bottom of the column and returned in part via a heater in the lower part of the column 1, 2,3; the remainder is discharged via line 12 as a high-boiling fraction.
  • a dividing wall column with an internal diameter of 64 mm and a total height of about 3.5 m was used.
  • the partition stretched at a height of about 0.6 to 2 m.
  • packing elements of the type A3-750 from Montz (Hilden) were used.
  • 5 theoretical plates could be realized in the area below and above the dividing wall.
  • about 12 theoretical separation stages were installed upstream and downstream.
  • the feed stream into the partition wall area was about 10 cm above the lower partition wall end.
  • the liquid side take-off was mounted on the opposite side of the partition, about 10 cm from the upper partition end.
  • the column was operated at 30 mbar (absolute) head pressure.
  • the bottom temperature at the end of the evaporator was controlled at 200 0 C.
  • a temperature of about 93 0 C was established.
  • the distribution ratio of the liquid above half of the partition was set to 1: 1.
  • the minimum sprinkling density over the column was about 1 m 3 / m 2 h.
  • the feed stream contained dibutyl phthalate as a high-boiling absorbent, MSA dissolved therein, and other components, e.g. Acetic, acrylic, maleic acid.
  • MSA dissolved therein
  • other components e.g. Acetic, acrylic, maleic acid.
  • the detailed composition is given in Table 1 in the column “Feed” (composition determined by gas chromatography).
  • the feed rate into the column was 1400 g / h.
  • the sump temperature was kept constant over the side take-off quantity. On average, the withdrawal amount was 86 g / h.
  • the column was driven stable for several days in this setting. Both run and bulk samples were taken from the sump and side draw during this time.
  • Table 1 shows the results for a "run sample” and a "bulk sample”.
  • the aggregate sample was continuously collected and balanced over a period of 16 hours.
  • the MSA content of the samples is more than 99.8%.
  • the amounts of low-boiling components such as acetic or acrylic acid and water contained in the feed stream are no longer detectable in the side stream. This has a positive effect on the required acid specification and the color number in the pure product ( ⁇ 20 APHA).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'obtention d'anhydride maléique par distillation, à partir d'une solution d'anhydride maléique dans un agent d'absorption à point d'ébullition élevé, laquelle solution est obtenue par oxydation en phase gazeuse d'un hydrocarbure et absorption au moins partielle des produits d'oxydation dans l'agent d'absorption. Ledit procédé consiste i) à introduire la solution latéralement dans une colonne d'alimentation pourvue d'une partie de concentration située au-dessus du site d'alimentation et d'une partie de rectification située sous le site d'alimentation, ii) à prévoir une colonne de jonction supérieure, communiquant avec l'extrémité supérieure de la partie de concentration, et une colonne de jonction inférieure, communiquant avec l'extrémité inférieure de la partie de rectification, iii) à prévoir une colonne d'extraction communiquant avec la colonne de jonction supérieure et la colonne de jonction inférieure, iv) à extraire l'anhydride maléique comme produit d'extraction latérale de la colonne d'extraction, et à extraire, au sommet de la colonne de jonction supérieure, les composés à point d'ébullition plus faible que l'anhydride maléique et, au bas de la colonne de jonction inférieure, l'agent d'absorption à point d'ébullition élevé. L'anhydride maléique obtenu comme produit d'extraction latérale présente une faible teneur en acide acrylique et en acide acétique.
EP08718043A 2007-03-23 2008-03-19 Procédé d'obtention d'anhydride maléique par distillation Withdrawn EP2139840A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08718043A EP2139840A1 (fr) 2007-03-23 2008-03-19 Procédé d'obtention d'anhydride maléique par distillation

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07104826 2007-03-23
EP08718043A EP2139840A1 (fr) 2007-03-23 2008-03-19 Procédé d'obtention d'anhydride maléique par distillation
PCT/EP2008/053322 WO2008116810A1 (fr) 2007-03-23 2008-03-19 Procédé d'obtention d'anhydride maléique par distillation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2139840A1 true EP2139840A1 (fr) 2010-01-06

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Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8461356B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2139840A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101675022B (fr)
TW (1) TW200902509A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008116810A1 (fr)

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CN110721555A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-01-24 中建安装集团有限公司 一种新型溶剂吸收法提纯顺酐的装置及工艺
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US20100113805A1 (en) 2010-05-06
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CN101675022B (zh) 2013-01-23
CN101675022A (zh) 2010-03-17
TW200902509A (en) 2009-01-16

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