EP2115217A1 - Tamis d'égouttage et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Tamis d'égouttage et son procédé de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP2115217A1
EP2115217A1 EP07846991A EP07846991A EP2115217A1 EP 2115217 A1 EP2115217 A1 EP 2115217A1 EP 07846991 A EP07846991 A EP 07846991A EP 07846991 A EP07846991 A EP 07846991A EP 2115217 A1 EP2115217 A1 EP 2115217A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
watermark
screen
watermark insert
insert
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07846991A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2115217B1 (fr
Inventor
André Gregarek
Andreas HÄNELT
Bernhard Wiedner
Theodor Burchard
Andreas Aigner
Günther WILD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Priority to PL07846991T priority Critical patent/PL2115217T3/pl
Priority to SI200731448T priority patent/SI2115217T1/sl
Publication of EP2115217A1 publication Critical patent/EP2115217A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2115217B1 publication Critical patent/EP2115217B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/44—Watermarking devices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/006—Making patterned paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dewatering screen for the production of paper with multi-level watermark, with a carrier screen which has a multi-level relief in the form of the watermark to be generated in a partial area.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such a dewatering screen and to a method for producing a paper having a multi-level watermark using such a dewatering screen.
  • multi-level In the production of paper with watermarks, a distinction is made between two-level watermarks with a strong light-dark effect and multi-level watermarks with smooth transitions between light and dark and detailed representation of a motif.
  • multi-level is to be understood in contrast to two-stage light-dark watermark and includes all watermarks with more than two levels of brightness and includes in particular watermarks with continuous HeIl dark transitions.
  • metal wires or metal moldings are typically applied to the screen printing. soldered to completely close the drainage screen at these points.
  • electrotypes For the production of multi-level watermarks, a three-dimensional relief is embossed in the dewatering screen, so that the paper thickness of the finished paper varies according to the relief and, in transmitted light, reveals soft, gradual transitions between lighter and darker areas.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a Enticass mecanicssieb of the aforementioned type, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the dewatering screen should enable the production of paper with multi-level watermarks with high level of detail and, if possible, can also be used on wire or oblique screen paper machines.
  • dewatering screen having the features of the independent claims.
  • a method for producing dewatering screens according to the invention, a watermark insert, an injection mold for the production of a watermark insert, a method for producing a paper, a security paper and a value document with a multi-level watermark are specified in the coordinated claims. Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • the multi-level relief is formed by an injection-molded, perforated watermark insert.
  • the use according to the invention of the injection molding method allows the production of multi-level watermark inserts with extremely detailed relief representations.
  • the watermark insert is welded or glued to the carrier screen.
  • the watermark insert may advantageously have a knobbed edge on which it is connected to the carrier screen.
  • the watermark insert is injected directly into the carrier screen.
  • the watermark insert can be arranged in a cut-out region of the carrier screen and connected to it only in an edge region. The watermark insert can then be lowered, in particular, so that the maximum height of the watermark insert essentially corresponds to the screen level.
  • the watermark insert is expediently formed from a hydrophobic plastic, for example from polyoxymethylene.
  • the plastic may be added with wear-reducing additives.
  • the additives are glass fibers, glass beads or carbon fibers.
  • the carrier screen advantageously has a screen fabric with at least one system each of interwoven, longitudinally extending warp threads and weft threads extending transversely thereto.
  • the screen fabric may contain a metal fabric, in particular a bronze fabric, a metal-plastic mixed fabric, in particular a bronze-plastic blended fabric, or a pure plastic fabric.
  • the metal-plastic mixed fabric or the plastic fabric as plastic preferably polyester, a high temperature resistant thermoplastic material from the group of polyether ketones, in particular polyetheretherketone, or a other higher quality plastic.
  • Particular preference is given to polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the plastic of the watermark insert and the plastic of the mesh fabric are matched with advantage in terms of their melting or glass transition temperatures matched.
  • the melting or glass transition temperature of the screen mesh plastic by more than 40 °, preferably more than 60 °, more preferably lie more than 80 ° above the melting or glass transition temperature of the watermark insert plastic.
  • it may again be advantageous that the melting or glass transition temperatures of the plastics used are substantially equal.
  • the transition region between the watermark insert and the carrier screen is preferably designed in the form of a motif or a pattern.
  • the edge of the watermark insert may be designed in the form of a motif or a pattern.
  • the edge of the watermark insert can be shaped such that there is no hard edge in the transition region but a soft transition.
  • the watermark insert has indentations on its rear side which make it possible to bend the watermark insert in at least one direction.
  • the notches thus have a kind of hinge effect.
  • This has the advantage that the flexibility of the insert can be adapted to the flexibility of the screen. Especially for round screens or screens in long or Schrägsiebpapiermaschinen, which are guided over rollers with narrower radii, increased flexibility in use watermark inserts.
  • the watermark insert preferably has a plurality of perforations that ensure dewatering in papermaking. The dimensions of these drainage perforations are chosen so small that they do not adhere to fibers during papermaking.
  • the perforations preferably taper towards the upper design surface of the watermark insert.
  • the perforations can take any shape, such as dots, stars, lines, etc.
  • the dimensions of the perforations can also be chosen so large that they are visually recognizable in the finished paper as dark marks, preferably marking points. In this case, it is advisable to arrange the perforations and thus the resulting markings in the form of characters, patterns or a coding.
  • perforations may be present in different areas. From area to area, the perforations may differ in the density of the breadboard and / or hole size. By means of the differently perforated areas areas with different brightness can be generated in the watermark. For example, the watermark becomes darker, the tighter the breadboard is. A tighter hole pattern leads to better drainage and consequently to the attachment of more fibers. The watermark thus becomes darker.
  • the perforations are preferably generated by means of a laser beam, in particular by means of an infrared laser, such as a CCh laser.
  • the watermark insert is thereby acted upon by its rear side facing away from the design surface with laser radiation, so that the design surface of the watermark insert tapered perforations arise.
  • the plastic can also be added additives that the Lasering the perforation easier.
  • the additives can absorb the wavelength of the laser radiation particularly well.
  • the invention also includes a method for producing a dewatering screen for papermaking, in which
  • the watermark insert is welded or glued to the carrier screen.
  • the screen mesh of the carrier screen is preferably squeezed into an injection mold and sealed, and the plastic is then in the sealed injection molding tool is injected with the carrier screen.
  • the screen fabric is clamped for the injection process in order to reduce the effects of different shrinkages during the cooling process.
  • the carrier screen can also be perforated together with the watermark insert.
  • the hot runner technique is used as injection molding.
  • the invention further includes a watermark insert for a dewatering screen of the type described, wherein the watermark insert is an injection molded perforated plastic insert having a multi-level relief in the form of the watermark to be formed.
  • the invention also includes an injection mold for the production of a watermark insert for a dewatering screen of the type described, which has a multi-level relief in the form of the watermark to be generated.
  • the invention in a second aspect of the invention, includes a drainage sieve of the type mentioned, in which the multi-level relief is formed by a deep-drawn, perforated watermark insert.
  • a dewatering screen of the type mentioned in the beginning has a multi-level relief, which is formed by a hot embossed, perforated watermark insert.
  • a separate watermark insert with a multi-level relief in the form of the watermark to be produced can first be produced by deep drawing or hot stamping and perforated, and the separately produced watermark insert then connected to the support, in particular welded or glued.
  • a plastic plate can first be inserted into the carrier screen, and a watermark insert having a multi-level relief in the form of the watermark to be produced can be produced from the plastic plate used in the deep-drawing method or in the hot stamping method.
  • the watermark insert integrated in the carrier screen is perforated, optionally together with the carrier screen.
  • the described drainage screens may be round screens or wire screens or inclined screens.
  • the invention further includes a method for producing a paper, in particular a security paper, with a multi-level watermark, in which the paper attachment takes place on one of the above-described dewatering screens with injection-molded, deep-drawn or hot stamped watermark inserts.
  • the invention also includes a security paper produced by the process according to the invention or value document with multi-level watermark.
  • a security paper produced by the process according to the invention or value document with multi-level watermark.
  • the security paper or the document of value in the area of the multi-level watermark with a transparent, preferably stabilizing film.
  • a multi-level watermark can be arranged in the region of a covering film of a banknote with a continuous opening and stabilized by the covering film.
  • the film may be provided with security elements, such as diffraction structures, liquid crystal layers, thin-film structures, fluorescent substances, magnetic, conductive and / or metallic layers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote with a multilevel watermark of high detail sharpness
  • FIG. 2 shows in (a) an injection mold for the production of a watermark insert, and in (b) an injection-molded watermark insert in supervision,
  • Fig. 3 in cross-section: in (a) the watermark insert of Fig. 2 (b), (b) the watermark insert with laser drilled perforations and (c) the perforated watermark insert connected to the mesh screen of a carrier screen, 4 shows in (a) a security paper with a multi-level watermark and with perforations visible as dark marking dots, the dark marking dots in (b) and (c) being designed as an additional security feature and / or as a recognition feature,
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section through a dewatering screen, wherein the
  • Watermark insert is lowered relative to the embodiment of FIG. 3 (c) so far that its maximum height corresponds to the screen level
  • FIG. 6 shows in (a) a specially adapted injection mold for the direct injection of a watermark insert into the carrier screen, in (b) the carrier screen with a directly injected watermark insert in a top view and in (c) carrier screen and insert in FIG
  • Fig. 9 in (a) to (c) three intermediate steps in the production of a watermark insert by means of hot stamping.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10, a multi-level watermark 12 high detail sharpness in the form of one in Fig. 1 only implied portraits.
  • the production of banknotes with such detail-sharp, multi-level watermarks is carried out according to the invention using one of the following described drainage sieves with injection-molded watermark inserts.
  • separate watermark inserts are first produced by injection molding and perforated.
  • the finished watermark inserts are then connected to the carrier screen, for example, welded or glued.
  • FIG. 2 (a) shows an injection mold 20 for producing a watermark insert 30, which has a multi-level relief 22 in inverted form of the watermark to be generated.
  • An injection-molded, hydrophobic plastic for example polyoxymethylene mixed with wear-reducing additives, is melted, pressed at high pressure into the injection mold 20 and then cooled again.
  • the resulting watermark insert 30, which is shown in cross-section in FIG. 2 (b) in plan view and in FIG. 3 (a), shows a very detailed impression 32 of the image motif 22 predetermined by the injection mold 20.
  • nub-shaped recesses 24 For the attachment of the watermark insert 30 to the carrier screen, an edge of nub-shaped recesses 24 is provided in the injection mold 20, which form a circumferential knob edge 36 with raised fastening nubs 34 in the finished watermark insert 30.
  • the injection molding process allows the creation of extremely detailed relief representations 32 in the watermark inserts 30.
  • the design surface 46 is always shown with a shape can with an appropriate design of the injection mold 20, of course, the back have a shape, so that, for example, a watermark insert with constant material thickness is formed.
  • the injection-molded watermark insert 30 is provided with a plurality of perforations 40 by means of laser radiation 42, as shown in Fig. 3 (b).
  • the dimensions of the perforations are chosen so small that they do not adhere to fibers in paper production.
  • the perforation in areas with a high local material thickness, can be dispensed with, at least in part, so that in these areas, in principle, only little or no dehydration takes place, and only very few or no paper fibers are deposited. In these areas, a two-level watermark or a hole is thus generated.
  • the non-perforated areas with high material thickness act in this case as electric types. With such an application, detailed watermarks can be combined with two-level watermarks.
  • the drainage perforations are advantageously drilled with a laser beam 42, for example, with the beam of a CCh laser of a wavelength of 10.6 microns.
  • the focus diameter of the laser corresponds to the desired maximum perforation diameter and is for example 500 microns.
  • the laser irradiation is preferably carried out from the back 44 of the watermark insert 30, so that due to the Gaussian energy Distribution or beam shape of the laser beam to the front side surface 46 of the insert tapered perforations 40 arise, as shown in Fig. 3 (b).
  • the diameter of the perforations on the back 44 of the watermark insert is about 500 microns, their diameter depends on the design surface 46 because of the taper of the perforations of the local material thickness of the insert.
  • the perforation diameter at the design surface 46 is smaller in regions of large material thickness 50 than in regions of low material thickness 52.
  • the perforation diameters at the design surface 46 are between 150 .mu.m with a large material thickness and 350 .mu.m at low material thickness.
  • the perforations 40 tapering towards the design surface 46 offer two advantages over straight-line perforations. First, they create a freewheel in the direction of flow 48 of the fiber suspension during papermaking and thus effectively prevent a permanent clogging of the drainage perforations 40.
  • the areas of large material thickness 50 serve to produce thin spots in the paper. Since the smaller perforation diameters in these regions inhibit drainage more than in the low gauge regions 52, thinning in the regions 50 is further assisted by the tapered perforations 40.
  • the spacing of the perforations 40 depends on the desired dewatering effect and is for example about 500 ⁇ m.
  • the perforation diameters may also be chosen to be large enough to be recognized as dark marks 64 after papermaking in the paper 60 in addition to the watermark 62, as shown in Figure 4 (a), however, for purposes of illustration in exaggerated form.
  • the hole diameter for producing dark marking points is preferably at least 300 ⁇ m.
  • These dark spots 64 can serve as an additional security feature and / or as a recognition feature for the manufacturing process used.
  • the perforations 40 and thus the marking points 64 can also be arranged in a predetermined pattern.
  • the perforations may be arranged in a subarea 66 in a square grid, in another subarea 68 in a hexagonal grid, the subareas 66, 68 being a motif, such as a superimposed pattern or form an encoding.
  • the perforations 40 and the resulting marking dots 64 may themselves form a pattern 70 to increase anti-counterfeiting security, as exemplified in FIG. 4 (c).
  • the watermark insert 30 after perforation is connected to the screen cloth 54 of a carrier screen.
  • the screen fabric has at least one system each of interwoven, longitudinally extending warp threads 56 and weft threads 58 extending transversely thereto.
  • the mesh fabric may contain a metal fabric, in particular a bronze fabric, a metal-plastic mixed fabric, in particular a bronze-plastic mixed fabric, or even a pure plastic fabric.
  • the mesh can be a mixed-tissue composite of weft (Reference 58) 1: 1 bronze / polyester and chain (reference numeral 56) in bronze.
  • the screen mesh 54 is cut out in the region of the watermark and overlaps the watermark insert 30 only in the region of the knob edge 36.
  • the connection of watermark insert and screen fabric can be done for example by ultrasonic welding, whereby the studs 34 in overlapping Area are firmly connected to the mesh 54.
  • the watermark height d which is about 1.0 mm in the embodiment of FIG. 3 (c) may be reduced. As shown in Fig. 5, the watermark insert 30 can be lowered so far that its maximum height 38 just corresponds to the screen level. In addition to a reduced wear of the watermark inserts, this reduction leads to watermarks, which have a somewhat darker visual appearance compared to the design of FIG. 3 (c) with a consistently high contrast.
  • the inserts can also be injected directly into the carrier screen, as explained with reference to FIG. 6.
  • a specially adapted injection mold 80 shown schematically in FIG. 6 (a), is used, in which the screen mesh of the carrier screen 90 is pressed along a sealing surface for the injection process. edge 82 is squeezed and sealed. The liquid plastic can then not escape laterally during injection molding.
  • the carrier screen 90 with integrated watermark insert 92 shown in FIG. 6 (b) in up and in FIG. 6 (c) is produced.
  • the watermark insert 92 shows a very detailed design due to the injection molding technique used Impression of the predetermined by the injection mold 80 image motif.
  • the integrated watermark insert 92 is provided with dewatering perforations by means of a laser beam, as described above. If a bronze screen is used as the support screen 90, then the watermark insert 92 will only be permeable through the perforation at those points at which a perforation of the insert 92 coincides with an open position in the screen 90 since the bronze screen itself does not perforate the CO 2 laser becomes. He understands that this limitation can be taken into account and thus balanced when choosing the number, size and spacing of the perforations. Since the injected plastic shrinks much more when cooled than the Bronzesiebmaterial, the support screen is advantageously clamped during injection molding to avoid any blistering in the support 90.
  • both the watermark insert 92 and the carrier sieve 90 can be perforated by the laser application.
  • a material is selected for the plastic of the mesh fabric, which has a higher melting point than the injection molding material.
  • polyoxymethylene having a melting or glass transition temperature may be used as the injection molding material.
  • temperature of 166 0 C and as a sieve polyetheretherketone having a melting or glass transition temperature of 335 0 C are used.
  • the use of a plastic sieve or of a plastic-metal mixed fabric also improves the distortion behavior during cooling, since the elasticity modules of the plastics used are substantially closer to one another than the elastic moduli of injection-molding material and bronze.
  • the transition region between the watermark insert and the carrier screen in the finished paper will generally be visible. It therefore makes sense to include this transitional area in the design of the watermark. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, if the watermark insert 100 is separate or integrated into the carrier screen, the edge 102 and thus the transition region of Watermark insert and carrier screen artistically designed in the form of a motif or a pattern.
  • the watermark inserts can be produced instead of by injection molding also by deep drawing (thermoforming) or by hot embossing, as briefly explained below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • inventive watermark inserts 110 by deep drawing, first, as shown in Fig. 8 (a), a plastic plate 112 made of a suitable plastic material on a deep drawing mold 114 is placed. The plastic plate 112 is then heated, as shown in Fig. 8 (b), for example, with a radiant heater 116, and the heated plastic plate is sucked by a negative pressure 118 in the deep-drawing mold 114, as shown in Fig. 8 (c).
  • the deep-drawn plastic plate is perforated as described above and connected to a carrier screen.
  • an already perforated plastic plate 112 can be used for the deep-drawing step.
  • the perforated plastic plate is covered during deep drawing with a flexible, air-impermeable material in order to produce a suitable negative pressure can.
  • a suitable plastic material 122 in an embossing tool 124, 126 is displaced and pressed.
  • the plastic material 122 is placed in a hot-stamping die consisting of a male die 124 and a female die 126.
  • the die 126 has a stamp shape, but it will be understood that the male die 124 may also have a shape.
  • a watermark insert 120 having a uniform material thickness can be produced in this way.
  • FIG. 9 (b) shows the plastic material 122 after final molding.
  • the hot embossed plastic material as described above, perforated and connected to a support wire. Even when hot stamping, it is fundamentally possible to bring a plastic material already connected to a carrier screen into the desired shape.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un tamis d'égouttage pour la fabrication de papier présentant des filigranes à plusieurs niveaux, avec un tamis support (54) qui présente dans une région partielle un relief à plusieurs niveaux (30) sous la forme du filigrane à produire. Selon l'invention le relief à plusieurs niveaux est formé par un insert de filigrane (30) perforé (40), moulé par injection.
EP07846991.3A 2006-12-12 2007-12-05 Tamis d'égouttage et son procédé de fabrication Active EP2115217B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07846991T PL2115217T3 (pl) 2006-12-12 2007-12-05 Sito odwadniające i sposób jego wytwarzania
SI200731448T SI2115217T1 (sl) 2006-12-12 2007-12-05 Sito za odstranjevanje vode in postopek njegove izdelave

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006058513A DE102006058513A1 (de) 2006-12-12 2006-12-12 Entwässerungssieb und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
PCT/EP2007/010547 WO2008071325A1 (fr) 2006-12-12 2007-12-05 Tamis d'égouttage et son procédé de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2115217A1 true EP2115217A1 (fr) 2009-11-11
EP2115217B1 EP2115217B1 (fr) 2014-02-26

Family

ID=39110812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07846991.3A Active EP2115217B1 (fr) 2006-12-12 2007-12-05 Tamis d'égouttage et son procédé de fabrication

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (2) US8349132B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2115217B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101534353B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101558198B (fr)
DE (1) DE102006058513A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2454643T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2115217T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2448210C2 (fr)
SI (1) SI2115217T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008071325A1 (fr)

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KR20090094133A (ko) 2009-09-03
US20100175843A1 (en) 2010-07-15
ES2454643T3 (es) 2014-04-11
CN101558198A (zh) 2009-10-14
RU2448210C2 (ru) 2012-04-20
EP2115217B1 (fr) 2014-02-26
WO2008071325A1 (fr) 2008-06-19
US20130092337A1 (en) 2013-04-18
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US8349132B2 (en) 2013-01-08
PL2115217T3 (pl) 2014-07-31

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