EP1994236A1 - Systeme de construction a dispositif de positionnement et procede de construction d'un batiment a etages - Google Patents

Systeme de construction a dispositif de positionnement et procede de construction d'un batiment a etages

Info

Publication number
EP1994236A1
EP1994236A1 EP07716039A EP07716039A EP1994236A1 EP 1994236 A1 EP1994236 A1 EP 1994236A1 EP 07716039 A EP07716039 A EP 07716039A EP 07716039 A EP07716039 A EP 07716039A EP 1994236 A1 EP1994236 A1 EP 1994236A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
placing device
storey
building element
lifting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07716039A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Simfors
Ove Lagerqvist
Carl Jonsson
Håkan CAMPER
Jonas GRÄSLUND
Jörgen LARSSON
Mikael Fritzon
Per Tureson
Per-Ola JÖNSSON
Pertti Johansson
Rikard Espling
Roland Kindberg
Sven Junkers
Thomas Axelsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Skanska Sverige AB
Original Assignee
Skanska Sverige AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE0602140A external-priority patent/SE531730C2/sv
Application filed by Skanska Sverige AB filed Critical Skanska Sverige AB
Publication of EP1994236A1 publication Critical patent/EP1994236A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B1/3522—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block characterised by raising a structure and then adding structural elements under it
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/167—Tools or apparatus specially adapted for working-up plates, panels or slab shaped building elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a placing device for placing building elements in constructing a rnijllbstorey building.
  • the invention also relates to a building system for constructing a multi-storey building.
  • the invention further relates to a method of constructing a multi-storey building, in which an upper storey is constructed and raised before a lower storey is constructed under the raised upper storey.
  • the foundation can, for example, be a slab on the ground or a basement foundation, on which the first storey (i.e. the ground floor) of the multi-storey building is constructed. Then, on top of the first storey, a second storey is built which is supported by structural concrete elements belonging to the first storey.
  • Concrete elements are subsequently placed or cast on the underlying elements until a desired number of storeys is obtained, and as the building grows higher building elements are lifted increasingly higher up by means of conventional cranes. In many cases interior fittings are also lifted up and placed on the floor level where they are to be mounted.
  • Prior-art building methods also suffer from drawbacks such as the danger of people or objects falling from a high place, which may cause both material damage and personal injury to workers who either fall or are hit by falling objects.
  • One object of the present invention is to remedy or at least mitigate the above-described problems.
  • a particular object is to provide a device which makes it possible to construct multi-storey buildings more effectively.
  • Another object is to provide an improved building system, which makes it possible to construct multi-storey buildings more effectively.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to indicate an improved method of constructing multi-storey buildings.
  • the placing device comprises: a lifting means for lifting a prefabricated building element, a moving means for moving the placing device into and out of a lower storey of the multi-storey building, the lower storey being arranged under an upper storey, a rotary means for rotating the building element about a normal to a floor plane of the lower storey, a vertical adjustment means for vertically adjusting the building element, and a control means for controlling the placing device for placing the building element according to a predetermined pattern.
  • the moving means of the placing device can comprise wheels for movement along rails arranged in the floor plane of the lower storey. It is thus possible to easily provide safe movement of the placing device.
  • the moving means can comprise caterpillar tracks, which allow free movement of the placing device.
  • the placing device comprises various means for moving and turning the building element, such as a lateral displacement means for displacing the building element parallel to the floor plane, a longitudinal displacement means for displacing the building element in a plane parallel to the floor plane, a rotating means for rotating the building element about a normal to the floor plane, a pivot means for turning the building element in a plane perpendicular to the floor plane, a tilting means for turning the building element in a plane perpendicular to the floor plane, or a transverse displacement means for displacing the wall element parallel to the floor plane.
  • a lateral displacement means for displacing the building element parallel to the floor plane
  • a longitudinal displacement means for displacing the building element in a plane parallel to the floor plane
  • a rotating means for rotating the building element about a normal to the floor plane
  • a pivot means for turning the building element in a plane perpendicular to the floor plane
  • a tilting means for turning the building element in a plane perpendicular to the floor plane
  • the control means of the placing device can comprise a programmable control unit for controlling the placing device according to a predetermined coordinate system. Owing to this, the placing can be automated for increased precision and safety.
  • the lifting means advantageously comprises suction cups for holding the building element.
  • the building elements can thus be held in a very safe manner.
  • the lifting means can comprise at least one mandrel for engagement in a recess at an underside of the building element. This further increases the holding safety.
  • the lifting means comprises lowerable arms for lifting floor structure elements. Owing to this, the lifting means can be specially adjusted for safe movement of floor structure elements.
  • the longitudinal displacement means and the pivot means advantageously comprise a common bearing.
  • the construction of the placing device can thus be very compact.
  • the inventive building system comprises a placing device according to the invention and at least two lifting devices for lifting the building element when it is placed according to the predetermined pattern. With such a building system, it is possible to effectively position and hold building elements which are to be mounted.
  • Lifting towers are advantageously arranged along an outside of the multi-storey building.
  • the finished storeys can be raised before the construction of the next storey begins, without the need of any entrances in the storeys for lifting devices.
  • their location at the outside of the building allows free space inside the building, which means that all the building elements required can be lifted into position from the inside of the storey currently being built, without being obstructed by lifting devices passing through the building.
  • the building system can further comprise tie rods which interconnect two lifting towers arranged on opposite sides of the multi-storey building. Owing to this, the horizontal forces occurring when raising the finished storeys can be absorbed.
  • the inventive method of constructing a multi-storey building is characterised in that a placing device lifts by a lifting means a prefabricated building element from a storage place, that the placing device moves the building element to a placement position in the lower storey according to a predetermined pattern by moving itself inside the lower storey and/or rotating the lifting means about a normal to a floor plane of the lower storey, and that the placing device places the building element in the placement position.
  • This method makes it possible to construct a multi-storey building in an efficient and safe manner with reduced manual labour input. As the building elements are prefabricated, the construction time is reduced and better manufacturing tolerances are possible.
  • the storage place of the building elements is advantageously outside the multi-storey building, which makes it easier to select a suitable unloading place and which allows the work site to be more accessible.
  • the building element can be a wall element or a floor structure element, which allows efficient construction of a storey.
  • the building element can also be selected from the group consisting of a bathroom module, a kitchen module, a stair module and an elevator module, for increased prefabrication of the multi-storey building.
  • the placing device finely adjusts the position of the building element by lateral displacement of the building element parallel to the floor plane and/or longitudinal displacement of the building element parallel to the floor plane and/or rotating the building element about a normal to the floor plane and/or turning the building element in two planes perpendicular to the floor plane. By these motions the position of the building element can be precisely adjusted.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view, seen obliquely from the rear, of a placing device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the placing device.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view, seen obliquely from the front, of the placing device.
  • Fig. 4 is an elevational view, seen from the side, of the placing device.
  • Fig. 5 is an outline diagram which illustrates the various motions of the placing device.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing parts of a building system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing parts of the building system.
  • the placing device 1 shown in Fig. 1 is adapted for positioning prefabricated building elements of reinforced concrete, such as floor structure elements 2, in constructing a multi-storey building 3 (see fig. 7).
  • the placing device 1 is essentially composed of a lifting means 4 supported by a rotary arm 5, which is mounted on a carriage 6.
  • the carriage 6 has wheels 7 for moving the placing device 1 along rails
  • the arm 5 is rotatably connected to the carriage 6 via a bearing 8, so that the arm 5 and the lifting means 4 supported by the arm 5 can be rotated about a normal N to the floor plane G.
  • the lifting means 4 has two lifting forks 10, which each are provided with a mandrel 11 for engagement with a hole or a groove at the underside of the wall element 9.
  • the wall element should be formed with a hole at each end of its underside, but in view of the manufacturing tolerances of the wall elements it is suitable to have instead a hole at one end of the wall element and a groove at the other end.
  • One of the mandrels 11 can thus be engaged in the groove, so that the wall element 9 can be held in a safe manner, in spite of any dimensional deviations.
  • the lifting means 4 also has suction cups
  • the lifting means 4 is in the position shown in Fig. 1 which is adapted for lifting and moving wall elements 9 (see Fig. 6), but by lowering two lowerable arms 13 the lifting means can be adapted for lifting and moving floor structure elements 2. In that case, the floor structure element 2 rests on the lowered arms 13.
  • the placing device 1 has a control unit 14, which makes it possible to remote-control the motions of the placing device 1 , for instance by means of a hand control, for placing the building element 2, 9 according to a predetermined pattern, which is laid down in a construction drawing.
  • the placing device 1 has several degrees of freedom in the motion pattern of the lifting means 4 and the building element 2 supported by the lifting means 4. The motion pattern is seen more clearly in Fig. 5.
  • the placing device 1 can execute a movement (arrow a) into and out of the storey C in question with the aid of the moving means consisting of the wheels 7 and the rails (not shown) in the floor plane G, and that the arm 5 can be rotated via the bearing 8 in a rotary motion (arrow b) about the normal N to the floor plane G, the lifting means 4 and the building element 2 supported by the lifting means 4 can be moved and rotated in a number of different ways.
  • a lateral displacement means in the form of a rack 15 the arm 5 can be displaced laterally (arrow g), perpendicularly to the motion into and out of the storey C provided by the wheels 7.
  • the arm 5 can be lengthened and shortened in a longitudinal displacement motion (arrow c) by means of a bearing 16 and two hydraulic cylinders 17, so that the lifting means 4 is moved in a direction parallel to the movement of the placing device 1 into and out of the storey C. In this manner, it is possible to obtain a finer adjustment of the position of the building element 2 in this direction compared to what is possible using the wheels 7.
  • the same bearing 16 as that used for lengthening and shortening the arm 5 is used as a pivot means 18 for turning (arrow d) the lifting means 4 in a plane perpendicular to the floor plane G.
  • a rotation (arrow e) of the lifting means about the normal N to the floor plane G by a rotating means in the form of a bearing 19.
  • the same bearing 19 can be used together with hydraulic cylinders 20 as vertical adjustment means for vertically adjusting (arrow f) the lifting means 4.
  • a transverse displacement means 21 can displace the building element 2 on the lifting means 4 in a direction (arrow h) parallel to the floor plane G for fine adjustment of the position of the building element 2 on the floor plane G.
  • a tilting means in the form of a bearing 22 allows tilting of the lifting means 4 and the building element 2 supported by the lifting means 4 in a turning motion (arrow i) in a plane perpendicular to the floor plane G and perpendicular to the plane in which the above-mentioned pivoting motion (arrow d) of the arm 5 takes place.
  • the inventive building system also includes lifting devices in the form of two jacks 23 per wall and a number of lifting towers 24.
  • the lifting towers 24 are placed along the outside of the multi-storey building 3.
  • the lifting devices 23 are placed on the floor plane G for receiving a wall element 9, one at each end of the wall element 9.
  • the lifting devices 23 temporarily raise the wall element 9 placed by the placing device 1 so that the lifting towers 24 can engage the lower edge of the wall element 9.
  • the building method is based on the principle of building the storeys of the multi-storey building 3 in reverse order.
  • the finished storeys A and B are raised to make room for the construction of the next storey C under the two upper storeys A and B.
  • the placing device 1 can be moved by means of the wheels 7 into and out of the lower storey C (see Fig. 7) which is being constructed under a raised, previously built upper storey B.
  • the placing device 1 fetches a building element, such as a floor structure element 2, from a storage place outside the multi-storey building 3.
  • the placing device 1 is then moved into the lower storey C.
  • the arm 5 is rotated by the rotary means 8 about the normal N to the floor plane G so that the floor structure element 2 attains approximately the position in which it is to be placed.
  • the position of the floor structure element 2 is then finely adjusted by the various possibilities of movement of the placing device 1 , as described above, and the floor structure element is lowered down to its position.
  • the placing device 1 is moved out of the storey C to fetch more floor structure elements 2 and wall elements 9.
  • the placing device 1 can, of course, also be used for placing other building elements, such as kitchen modules, bathroom modules, stair modules and elevator modules (not shown).
  • the wall element 9 has reached its place, it is raised by the placing device 1 towards the already built upper storey B.
  • the construction of the placing device 1 is particularly compact, among other things because the lengthening/shortening of the arm 5 can be provided by the same bearing as the pivoting motion of the arm 5.
  • the location of the lifting towers 24 at the outside of the building 3 allows the space inside the building 3 in the storey C just being built to be free and not being disturbed by lifting devices passing therethrough. This makes it possible to place, by means of the placing device 1 , all the building elements required, wall elements 9 and floor structure elements 2 as well as prefabricated modules, such as kitchens, bathrooms and elevators. If instead the lifting device had been placed inside the building 3, with entrances through the floor structures of the storeys, it would have been possible to place the wall elements 3 by means of the placing device but it would have been necessary to place the floor structure elements in some other way.
  • the placing device 1 facilitates the use of exterior lifting towers 24, since it can work inside the storey C which is currently being built and place the building elements 2, 9 required without being obstructed by the lifting towers 24.
  • the method of operation of the placing device 1 differs in principle from that of conventional cranes in that the building elements 2, 9 are placed starting from the inside of the storey C and working out to the place where the walls are to be raised, whereas conventional cranes are placed outside the building and lift the building elements from the outside in.
  • Conventional cranes cannot be used in building methods in which the storeys are built in reverse order, since the crane has not got access to the storey which is under construction as it is located under already built storeys.
  • conventional cranes lift the building element at one point only, which means that the building element can rotate freely and tip.
  • the erectors In the final placement of the building element, the erectors have to guide the lifted building element by hand, which involves working environment risks, in particular when handling heavy concrete elements.
  • the placing device 1 can have caterpillar tracks (not shown). Then there is no need for rails in the floor plane G and the placing device 1 can move freely.
  • the lateral displacement of the arm 5 can, of course, be provided by other means than by racks 15, for instance by wheels and rails.
  • the controlling of the placing device can be automated. In that case, the control unit 14 can be programmable for controlling the placing device 1 in a predetermined coordinate system. This control could be based directly on suitably designed drawings.
  • the suction cups 12 can be connected to lights (not shown) which are lit when a sufficient negative pressure is attained to indicate when the wall element 9 is secured.
  • lifting towers 24 are shown but naturally more lifting towers can be used, suitably at least four. If four lifting towers 24 are used, they can, for instance, be placed in the centre at each side of a four-sided multi-storey building 3.
  • each lifting tower 24 When two opposite lifting towers 24 are raising the finished storeys, they can be interconnected by tie rods to absorb the horizontal forces occurring in the lifting, since the lifting takes place from the outside of the building, i.e. eccentrically.
  • each lifting tower can be anchored to the ground.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de positionnement (1) pour positionner des éléments de construction (2) lors de la construction d'un bâtiment à étages, comportant un moyen de levage (4) pour soulever un élément de construction préfabriqué (2), un moyen de déplacement (7) pour déplacer le dispositif de positionnement (1) dans et hors d'un étage inférieur d'un bâtiment à étages, l'étage inférieur étant disposé sous un étage supérieur, un moyen de rotation (8) pour faire tourner l'élément de construction (2) autour d'un plan normal à un plan de plancher de l'étage inférieur, un moyen d'ajustement vertical (20) pour ajuster verticalement de l'élément de construction (2), et un moyen de commande (14) pour commander le dispositif de positionnement (1) pour positionner l'élément de construction (2) selon une configuration prédéterminée. L'invention concerne également un système de construction et un procédé de construction d'un bâtiment à étages.
EP07716039A 2006-03-08 2007-03-08 Systeme de construction a dispositif de positionnement et procede de construction d'un batiment a etages Withdrawn EP1994236A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0600503 2006-03-08
SE0602140A SE531730C2 (sv) 2006-03-08 2006-10-12 Placeringsanordning, byggsystem och förfarande vid byggande av flervåningshus
PCT/SE2007/000220 WO2007102773A1 (fr) 2006-03-08 2007-03-08 Systeme de construction a dispositif de positionnement et procede de construction d'un batiment a etages

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1994236A1 true EP1994236A1 (fr) 2008-11-26

Family

ID=38475144

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07716039A Withdrawn EP1994236A1 (fr) 2006-03-08 2007-03-08 Systeme de construction a dispositif de positionnement et procede de construction d'un batiment a etages

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20090169339A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1994236A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO20084096L (fr)
WO (1) WO2007102773A1 (fr)

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NL1035335C2 (nl) * 2008-04-23 2009-10-26 Folierol V O F Werkwijze en inrichting voor het optrekken van rijenwoningen.
US11242680B2 (en) * 2018-11-30 2022-02-08 Bahler Ip, Llc Building system and method thereof
CN111268597B (zh) * 2020-01-20 2021-10-19 惠州普瑞康建筑材料有限公司 一种墙板翻转机
CN111764659B (zh) * 2020-06-03 2022-01-04 湖北洲天建设集团有限公司 一种装配式剪力墙预制构件智能对位装配设备及其对位装配方法
CN111779287B (zh) * 2020-06-03 2022-01-04 湖北洲天建设集团有限公司 一种大跨度桁架型装配式预制构件输送及对位装配系统
CN111734149A (zh) * 2020-07-03 2020-10-02 张美姣 一种轻质隔墙板安装施工支护方法
CN113073859B (zh) * 2021-03-23 2021-11-26 菏泽城建工程发展集团有限公司 装配式建筑cf墙板安装机械

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090169339A1 (en) 2009-07-02
NO20084096L (no) 2008-12-08
WO2007102773A1 (fr) 2007-09-13

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