EP1927294A2 - Energieabsorbierende schichten und Form zur Formung der Schichten zur Verwendung in einem Kopfschutzsystem - Google Patents
Energieabsorbierende schichten und Form zur Formung der Schichten zur Verwendung in einem Kopfschutzsystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1927294A2 EP1927294A2 EP07123110A EP07123110A EP1927294A2 EP 1927294 A2 EP1927294 A2 EP 1927294A2 EP 07123110 A EP07123110 A EP 07123110A EP 07123110 A EP07123110 A EP 07123110A EP 1927294 A2 EP1927294 A2 EP 1927294A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- protective headgear
- impact
- compressible
- inner layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
- A42B3/062—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means
- A42B3/063—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means using layered structures
- A42B3/064—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means using layered structures with relative movement between layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/20—Combustible or heat-generating compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
- A42B3/066—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets specially adapted for cycling helmets, e.g. for soft shelled helmets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/10—Linings
- A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/10—Linings
- A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
- A42B3/121—Cushioning devices with at least one layer or pad containing a fluid
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to protective headgear. More specifically, the invention relates to a layered construction of protective headgear including an inner layer having an open configuration which reduces the weight of the layer and allows for greater ventilation off the head and an internal liner formed of head contouring materials that improve the fit and comfort of the headgear and further reduce the risk of and protect an individual's head from injury.
- Concussions also called mild traumatic brain injury, are a common, serious problem in sports known to have detrimental effects on people in the short and long term.
- a concussion is a temporary and reversible neurological impairment, with or without loss of consciousness.
- Another definition for a concussion is a traumatically induced alteration of brain function manifested by 1) an alteration of awareness or consciousness, and 2) signs and symptoms commonly associated with post-concussion syndrome, such as persistent headaches, loss of balance, and memory disturbances, to list but a few.
- Some athletes have had their career abbreviated because of concussions, in particular because those who have sustained multiple concussions show a greater proclivity to further concussions and increasingly severe symptoms.
- Concussion results from a force being applied to the brain, usually the result of a direct blow to the head, which results in shearing force to the brain tissue, and a subsequent deleterious neurometabolic and neurophysiologic cascade.
- Protective headgear is well known to help protect wearers from head injury by decreasing the magnitude of acceleration (or deceleration) experienced by their wearers.
- helmets primarily address linear forces, but generally do not diminish the rotational forces experienced by the brain.
- Helmets fall generally into two categories: single impact helmets and multiple-impact helmets. Single-impact helmets undergo permanent deformation under impact, whereas multiple-impact helmets are capable of sustaining multiple blows. Applications of single-impact helmets include, for example, bicycling and motorcycling. Participants of contact sports, such as hockey and football, use multiple-impact helmets. Both categories of helmets have similar construction.
- a semi-rigid outer shell distributes the force of impact over a wide area and a crushable inner layer reduces the force upon the wearer's head.
- the inner layer of single-impact helmets are typically constructed of fused expanded polystyrene (EPS), a polymer impregnated with a foaming agent.
- EPS fused expanded polystyrene
- a thick inner layer requires a corresponding increase in the size of the outer shell, which increases the size and bulkiness of the helmet.
- Inner layers designed for multiple-impact helmets absorb energy through elastic and viscoelastic deformation. To absorb multiple successive hits, these helmets need to rebound quickly to return to their original shape. Materials that rebound too quickly, however, permit some of the kinetic energy of the impact to transfer to the wearer's head. Examples of materials with positive rebound properties, also called elastic memory, include foamed polyurethane, expanded polypropylene, expanded polyethylene, and foamed vinylnitrile. Although some of these materials have desirable rebound qualities, an inner layer constructed therefrom must be sufficiently thick to prevent forceful impacts from penetrating its entire thickness. The drawback of a thick layer, as noted above, is the resulting bulkiness of the helmet.
- the invention features protective headgear comprising an outer layer having an internally facing surface, an inner layer having a surface that faces the outer layer, and a middle layer having a plurality of compressible members disposed in a fluid-containing interstitial region bounded by the inner and outer layers. Each compressible member is attached to the surface of the inner layer and to the internally facing surface of the outer layer.
- the protective headgear of this embodiment also includes at least one passageway by which fluid can leave the middle layer when the protective headgear experiences an impact.
- a method for making protective headgear comprising forming a multi-layered shell by forming a plurality of individually compressible members, providing an outer layer and a inner layer, and producing a composite structure with the individually compressible members being disposed in an interstitial region bounded by the outer and inner layers, each compressible member being attached to an internally facing surface of the outer layer, and to a surface of the inner layer facing the outer layer.
- the invention features protective headgear comprising an outer layer having an internally facing surface, an inner layer having a surface that faces the outer layer, and a middle layer having a plurality of compressible members disposed in a fluid-containing interstitial region bounded by the inner and outer layers, and an internal liner layer disposed inwardly of the inner layer.
- the inner layer has an open configuration or a non-continuous form.
- the internal liner layer is formed of contouring materials which enhance user fit and comfort without compromising user safety.
- the present invention relates to protective headgear designed to lessen the amount of force that reaches the brain of the wearer from an impact to the head.
- the headgear includes a shell with a multilayer construction for cushioning the impact, thus slowing the change in velocity of the wearer's head, producing a corresponding decrease in the magnitude of acceleration or deceleration experienced by the wearer, and reducing the risk or severity of concussion.
- the protective head gear may include an outer layer, an energy-absorbing middle layer, and an inner layer, with one or more of these layers being constructed of an energy- absorbing compressible material, and an inner liner layer formed of a contourable material which contours to the shape of an individual's head.
- the contourable material is a use-dependent contour form.
- the contourable material is a pressure equalizing contouring fluid. Still other embodiments may include combinations of these compressible and contourable materials.
- the energy-absorbing layer of the shell function to provide an air cushion during an impact to the headgear.
- an impact causes air to be expelled from the energy-absorbing layer.
- Protective head- gear of the invention can responds to an impact by moving in any one or combination of ways, including (1) globally compressing over a broad area of the shell, (2) locally compressing at the point of impact, (3) flexing by the outer layer of the shell, and (4) rotating by the outer layer and the energy-absorbing layer with respect to the inner layer.
- the multi-layer constructions of the present invention can be adapted for use in a variety of types of protective headgear including, but not limited to, safety helmets, motorcycle helmets, bicycle helmets, ski helmets, lacrosse helmets, hockey helmets, and football helmets, batting helmets for baseball and softball, headgear for rock and mountain climbers, and headgear for boxers.
- Other applications can include helmets used on construction sites, in defense and military applications, and for underground activities.
- the protective headgear 2 is a helmet that has an aerodynamic shape designed for use by bicyclists. This shape is merely exemplary; it is to be understood that the helmet shape can vary, depending upon the particular sporting event or activity for which the helmet is designed. Further, the protective headgear of the present invention can be constructed with various additional features, such as a cage for a hockey helmet, a face mask for a football helmet, a visor for a motorcycle helmet, retention straps, chin straps, and the like.
- the protective headgear, or helmet 2, of FIG. 1 includes ventilation openings 6 near the top to permit air to flow for cooling the wearer's head.
- the ventilation openings 6 are teardrop shaped, each pointing toward the rear 10 of the helmet 2 to give a visual sensation of speed.
- the various layers of the materials used in the construction of the helmet 2 appear in the openings 6 as a single layer 14. Ventilation openings can also be on the other side of the helmet 2 (not shown) if the helmet has a symmetric design.
- Such openings 6 are exemplary, and can have various other shapes or be omitted altogether, depending upon the type of helmet.
- protective headgear constructed in accordance with the invention may also include other types of openings, such as ear holes.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the helmet 2 along the line A-A' in FIG. 1.
- the helmet 2 includes an outer shell layer 20, a compressible middle layer 24, a hard inner shell layer 28, and a compressible internal liner 32.
- the outer shell layer 20, middle layer 24, and inner shell layer 28 together provide an impact-absorbing shell 30.
- a layer is compressible based on the relative ease with which that layer decreases in thickness in response to an applied force. In general, compressible layers are more apt to decrease in thickness in response to an applied force than hard layers.
- the compressible layers 24, 32 can compress discernibly in response to an applied force.
- each of the layers can be constructed of a lightweight material, thus contributing towards the construction of a lightweight helmet.
- FIG.2 shows one example of the relative thicknesses of the various layers and coating. These relative thicknesses can also depart from those shown in FIG. 2 without departing from the principles of the invention.
- a bike helmet could be made with a thick inner shell layer 28 (e.g., of expanded polystyrene) and with a middle layer 24 of TPE that is thinner than the inner shell layer 28.
- additional layers can be disposed between the middle layer 24 and the inner shell layer 28, or between the internal liner 32 and the inner shell layer 28, without departing from the principles of the invention.
- the outer shell layer 20 covers the middle layer 24 and serves various functions.
- the outer shell layer 20 can provide durability by protecting the helmet 2 from punctures and scratches.
- Other functions include presenting a smooth surface for deflecting tangential impacts, waterproofing, and displaying cosmetic features such as coloring and identifying the product brand name.
- this outer shell layer 20 is made of a TPE material.
- the compressible middle layer 24 covers an outer surface of the inner shell layer 28.
- the middle layer 24 attaches to the inner shell layer 28.
- a primary function of the middle layer 24 is impact energy absorption.
- the middle layer 24 is constructed of a thermoplastic elastomer material.
- Thermoplastic elastomers or TPEs are polymer blends or compounds, which exhibit thermoplastic characteristics that enable shaping into a fabricated article when heated above their melting temperature, and which possess elastomeric properties when cooled to their designed temperature range. Accordingly, TPEs combine the beneficial properties of plastic and rubber, that is, TPEs are moldable and shapeable into a desired shape when heated and are compressible and stretchable when cooled. In contrast, neither thermoplastics nor conventional rubber alone exhibits this combination of properties.
- vulcanization a process often referred to as vulcanization. This process is slow, irreversible, and results in the individual polymer chain being linked together by covalent bonds that remain effective at normal processing temperatures. As a result, vulcanized rubbers do not become fluid when heated to these normal processing temperatures (i.e., the rubber cannot be melted). When heated well above normal processing temperatures, vulcanized rubbers eventually decompose, resulting in the loss of substantially all useful properties. Thus, conventional vulcanized rubbers cannot be formed into useful objects by processes that involve the shaping of a molten material. Such processes include injection molding, blow molding and extrusion, and are extensively used to produce useful articles from thermoplastics. Thermoplastics are generally not elastic when cooled and conventional rubbers are not moldable using manufacturing processes and equipment currently used for working with thermoplastics, such as injection molding and extrusion. These processes, however, are applicable for working with TPEs.
- TPEs are phase-separated systems. At least one phase is hard and solid at room temperature and another phase is elastomeric and fluid. Often the phases are chemically bonded by block or graft polymerization. In other cases, a fine dispersion of the phases is apparently sufficient.
- the hard phase gives the TPEs their strength. Without the hard phase, the elastomer phase would be free to flow under stress, and the polymers would be unusable. When the hard phase is melted, or dissolved in a solvent, flow can occur and therefore the TPE can be processed. On cooling, or upon evaporation of the solvent, the hard phase solidifies and the TPEs regain their strength.
- the hard phase of a TPE behaves similarly to the chemical crosslinks in conventional vulcanized rubbers, and the process by which the hard phase does so is often called physical crosslinking.
- the elastomer phase gives elasticity and flexibility to the TPE.
- TPEs include block copolymers containing elastomeric blocks chemically linked to hard thermoplastic blocks, and blends of these block copolymers with other materials.
- Suitable hard thermoplastic blocks include polystyrene blocks, polyurethane blocks, and polyester blocks.
- Other examples of TPEs include blends of a hard thermoplastic with a vulcanized elastomer, in which the vulcanized elastomer is present as a dispersion of small particles. These latter blends are known as thermoplastic vulcanizates or dynamic vulcanizates.
- TPEs can also be manufactured with a variety of hardness values, e.g., a soft gel or a hard 90 Shore A or greater.
- One characteristic of the TPE material is its ability to return to its original shape after the force against the helmet 2 is removed (i.e., TPE material is said to have memory).
- Other characteristics of TPE include its resistance to tear, its receptiveness to coloring, and its rebound resilience elasticity. Re-bound resilience elasticity is the ratio of regained energy in relation to the applied energy, and is expressed as a percentage ranging from 0% to 100%.
- a perfect energy absorber has a percentage of 0%; a perfectly elastic material has a percentage of 100%.
- a material with low rebound resilience elasticity absorbs most of the applied energy from an impacting object and retransmits little or none of that energy.
- a steel ball that falls upon material with low rebound resilience elasticity experiences little or no bounce; the material absorbs the energy of the falling ball. In contrast, the ball bounces substantially if it falls upon material with high rebound resilience elasticity.
- the TPE material of the middle layer 24 has a glass-transition temperature of less than -20 degrees Fahrenheit.
- the glass-transition temperature is the temperature below which the material loses its soft and rubbery qualities.
- a TPE material with an appropriate glass-transition temperature can be selected for the middle layer 24 depending on the particular application of the helmet 2 (e.g., a glass-transition temperature of 0 degrees Fahrenheit may be sufficient for baseball helmets, whereas a glass transition temperature of -40 degrees Fahrenheit may be needed for football and hockey helmets).
- TPEs can also be formed into a variety of structures.
- the middle layer 24 is processed into individual members, such as cylindrical columns, or other shapes such as pyramids, spheres, or cubes, allowing for independent movement of each member structure, and for the free flow of air around the members during an impact.
- the individual members each have an air-filled chamber, as described in more detail below.
- the layer has a honeycomb structure (i.e., waffle-type).
- the interconnected hexagonal cells of a honeycombed structure provide impact absorption and a high strength-to-weight ratio, which permits construction of a lightweight helmet.
- the interconnected cells absorb and distribute the energy of an impact evenly throughout the structure.
- the honeycomb structure also reduces material costs because much of the material volume is made of open cells.
- This structure can be any one in which the material is formed into interconnected walls and open cells.
- the cells can have a shape other than hexagonal, for example, square, rectangular, triangular, and circular, without departing from the principles of the invention.
- the formation of the middle layer 24 on the inner shell layer 28 can be accomplished using an extrusion, blow molding, casting, or injection molding process.
- the compressible middle layer 24 and inner shell layer 28 can be manufactured separately and adhered together after production, or they may be manufactured as one component, with the two layers being adhered to each other during manufacturing.
- TPEs bond readily to various types of substrates, such as plastic, and, thus, TPEs and substrates are commonly manufactured together.
- the softness (or conversely, the hardness) of the middle layer 24 can also be determined over a range of durometers. Preferably, the hardness range for these forms is between 5 and 90 on the Shore A scale, inclusive.
- the thickness of the middle layer 24 can be varied without departing from the principles of the invention. In one embodiment, the middle layer 24 is approximately 1 /4 to one inch thick.
- the inner shell layer 28 is constructed of a hardened material, such as a rigid thermoplastic, a thermoplastic alloy, expanded polystyrene, or a fiber-reinforced material such as fiberglass, TWINTEX®, KEVLAR®, or BP Curv TM .
- the inner shell layer 28 operates to provide structure to the helmet 2, penetration resistance, and impact energy distribution to the internal liner layer 32.
- the thickness of the inner shell layer 28 is 1/16 th of an inch. The thickness of the inner shell layer 28 can be varied without departing from the principles of the invention.
- the inner shell layer 28 may be constructed of a single piece of material. Alternatively, it may be non-continuous in form such that the layer 28 includes lines, bands or arcs of material which meet at vertices and are interrupted by open spaces in a patterned form. As described in further detail below, examples of the non- continuous shapes that the inner shell layer 28 may take include, but are not limited to, a buckeyball shape, a grid shape, a geodesic dome and a honeycomb. Among the benefits of non-continuous forms of the inner shell layer are that the weight of the shell is reduced, heat is more easily ventilated from the user's head through the open spaces defined by the openings, and visualization and manual contact with the compressible elements is permitted.
- the internal liner layer 32 contacts the wearer's head.
- Other functions of the internal liner 32 may include sizing, resilience, airflow, and comfort.
- the internal liner 32 may be constructed of a thermoplastic elastomer, a foam material of, for example, approximately 1/2 to 1 inch thickness. It may be constructed of expanded polystyrene.
- the internal liner 32 is constructed of a use dependent contouring foam or a pressure equalizing contouring fluid.
- a use dependent contouring foam contemplated with in the scope of the present invention will mold permanently to the user's head, but will do so over a period of time.
- Another type of this foam takes shape when compressed about a user's head and only changes shape when something causes it to change.
- the pressure equalizing contouring fluid instantly takes shape of the compressing element and does not rebound, or return to its original form. Rather, it retains the shape of the element until deformed by another compressing element, and will not rebound.
- Such a contouring fluid thus, is capable of repeatedly forming a custom mold, and will retain the shape of the last element to which it is exposed.
- the fluid may be continued in a bladder and, because it is a fluid it will equalize pressure throughout.
- the compressible internal liner 32 is attached to an inner surface of the inner shell layer 28.
- the method of attachment depends upon the type of materials used (of the inner shell layer 28 and of the internal liner 32).
- FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a helmet 2' constructed in accordance with the invention.
- the helmet 2' is a football helmet (facemask and chinstrap not shown).
- This helmet 2' illustrates a design that covers the ears and a portion of the wearer's jaw.
- the helmet 2' has ventilation openings 6' near the top and on the sides of the helmet 2' and an ear hole 8. Again, for clarity sake, the various layers of materials used in the construction of the helmet 2' appear in each opening 6' as a single layer 14'.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of a layered shell 30' for use, for example, in the construction of protective headgear.
- the shell 30' has an outer layer 20', an inner layer 28', and a plurality of independent compressible members 50 disposed between the inner and outer layers 28', 20'.
- Each member 50 attaches to an internally facing surface of the outer layer 20' and to a surface of the inner layer 28' that faces the outer layer 20'.
- Members 50 are independent in that each individual member 50 can compress or shear independently of the other members 50.
- members 50 have a resilient, compressible solid or foam construction.
- Members 50 can range from approximately one-eighth inch to one inch in height and one-eighth inch to one-half inch in diameter, and need not be of uniform height or diameter.
- the members 50 can have a variety of shapes, for example, pyramidal, cubic, rectangular, spherical, disc-shaped, and blob-shaped.
- the members 50 are constructed of TPE material (e.g., solid form, foam), although other types of compressible materials can be used for producing the members 50, without departing from the principles of the invention, provided such materials can make the members sufficiently resilient to respond to various types of impact by leaning, stretching, shearing, and compressing.
- each member 50 there is a spatial separation between each member 50.
- an interstitial region 52 the spacing between the members 50 bounded between the inner and outer layers 28', 20' defines a volume of fluid.
- this fluid is any substance that flows, such as gas and liquid.
- the distance between adjacent members 50 can be designed so that a desired proportion of the volume of the shell 30' (e.g., > 50%) is comprised of fluid.
- the fluid within the interstitial region 52 is air.
- An air-containing interstitial region 52 provides for lightweight headgear.
- the distance between the outer layer 20' and the inner layer 28' is exaggerated in order to reveal the members 50 of the middle layer 24'.
- the middle layer 24' here comprises the members 50 and interstitial region 52.
- the outer layer 20' and inner layer 28' approach and may touch each other so that any gap between the layers 20', 28' either is imperceptible or does not exist.
- the outer and inner layers are not directly attached to each other at any point along the shell 30'. Not directly attaching the layers enables the outer layer to move during impact independently of the inner layer in a scalp-like fashion.
- an elastic adhesive or another intervening substance or material can be applied in between the two layers in order to make the layers 20', 28' closely approximate other.
- This adhesive can be an elastomeric gel (similar to rubber cement) or an adhesive strip that attaches to each layer 20', 28'.
- the outer layer can still move relative to the inner layer in scalp-like fashion. Gaps may be present in this adhesive at various locations along the edge of the shell to permit air to escape from the middle layer 24' during an impact to the shell or to enter the middle layer 24' when the impact is over, as described in more detail below.
- FIG. 5 shows a method for producing the shell 30' for use in constructing protective headgear.
- the compressible members 50 are constructed of TPE material 54.
- a TPE foam 58 is produced from the TPE material 54, as described above.
- the TPE foam 58 is extruded into a desired structure 61, here, for example, columnar members.
- Initial construction of the compressible members may be in the form of a chain (i.e., a single continuous string of multiple members, analogous to coupling between cars of a train).
- the compressible members may be formed together as a larger unit, which has an appearance analogous to that of a rake when the TPE structure 61 is laid flat and which takes a hemispherical shape when laid onto the inner layer 28'.
- Other techniques for forming the members together can be practiced to produce the desired structure 61.
- the TPE foam structure 61 is placed (step 68) between and attached to a first sheet 62 of material, to serve as the inner layer 28', and a second sheet 63 of material to serve as the outer layer 20'.
- the compressible members may be attached to the inner layer 28' one member 50 at a time, for example, by adhesive.
- each member 50 can have a point, nozzle, stem, which can be inserted into an appropriately shaped opening in the inner layer 28' to hold that member in place.
- the TPE foam structure 61 has a common chemical component as the sheets 62, 63 for the inner and outer layers, thus enabling chemical adhesion between the TPE foam structure and each layer during the manufacturing process.
- the resulting sheet of composite structure 65 can then be cut (step 72) and formed (step 76) into the desired shape of the shell 30' (only a portion of the shell being shown).
- the manufacture and shaping of each of the three layers of the shell can occur independently, and then the independently formed layers can be adhered to one another.
- the middle and inner layers can be shaped together and the outer layer independently; then, the outer layer can be adhered to the middle layer. This embodiment can lead to the modularization of the manufacture of helmets.
- the interior components of a helmet i.e., the liner, inner layer, and middle layer
- can have standardized construction i.e., the same appearance irrespective of the type of sports helmet for which the interior components are to be used
- the outer sport-specific layer which is adhered to the middle layer, or injection molded around the interior components, providing the customization of the helmet for a particular sport.
- a compressible (e.g., foam) internal liner 32' can then be added (step 80) to the multilayer shell 30'.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross-section of a portion of the shell 30' and of the internal liner 32'.
- the internal liner 32' is attached (e.g., with an adhesive) to an internally facing surface of the inner layer 28'.
- the shape of the internal liner 32' conforms to the general shape of the shell 30' and to the shape of a wearer's head.
- the shell 30' of the invention may reduce both linear acceleration and rotational acceleration experienced by the head of the headgear wearer.
- Linear acceleration occurs when the center of gravity of the wearer's head becomes rapidly displaced in a linear direction, such as might occur when the headgear is struck from the side.
- Rotational acceleration widely believed to be a primary cause of concussion, can occur when the head rotates rapidly around the center of gravity, such as might occur when the headgear is struck tangentially. Most impacts impart both types of accelerations.
- FIG. 7A illustrates an exemplary simulated operation of the shell 30', with solid or foam members 50, undergoing a direct impact from an object 100.
- the shell 30' operates to reduce linear acceleration of the headgear wearer's head 104.
- the members 50 directly beneath the outer layer 20' at the point of impact compress.
- the compression of the shell 30' also causes air to exit the middle layer 24' (arrow 108) through one or more openings at an edge of the shell 30' where the inner and outer layers 28', 20' approach each other. Air also moves through the interstitial region away from the point of impact (arrow 110).
- the combined effects of energy-absorption by the compressible members 50 and air cushioning by the release and movement of air operate to reduce the amount of energy that reaches the wearer's head 104.
- the shape and resilience of the inner and outer layers 28', 20' operate to restore the shell 30' and the compressed members 50 to their original shape.
- the shell 30' in effect inhales air through each opening at the edge.
- FIG. 7B illustrates an exemplary simulated operation of the shell 30', with solid or foam members 50, undergoing a tangential impact from an object 100.
- the shell 30' operates to reduce rotational acceleration of the wearer's head 104.
- the outer layer 20' shears with respect to the inner layer 28' in a direction of motion of the object, as illustrated by arrows 112.
- the smoothness of the outer layer 20' can operate to reduce friction with the object 100 and, correspondingly, to reduce the rotational force experienced by the shell 30'.
- Members 50 at the point of impact compress to some extent and shear with the outer layer 20'.
- the compression causes air to exit the middle layer 24' and to move within the interstitial region.
- the combined effects of the shearing motion of the outer layer 20' and members 50, of the energy-absorbing compression of the middle layer 24', and of the release and movement of air operate to reduce the rotational force reaching the wearer's head 104.
- the shell 30' and members 50 return to their original shape after the force of the impact subsides.
- FIG. 8A shows an embodiment of a compressible member 50' for use in constructing the middle layer 24' for the shell 30' in accordance with the invention.
- Embodiments of the invention can use this type of member 50' in conjunction with or instead of openings at the edge of the shell 30'.
- Making the member 50' of TPE material further operates to improve the energy-absorbing effect of the shell, although other types of compressible materials can be used for producing the member 50'.
- the member 50' has a top surface 120, a bottom surface 124, and a sidewall 128 that define a hollow internal chamber 132.
- the top surface 120 attaches to the outer layer 20' of the shell 74, and the bottom surface 124 attaches to the inner layer 28'.
- the bottom surface 124 has a small opening 136 formed therein. When the member 50' compresses in the general direction indicated by arrow 140, airflow 144, for example, exits the small opening 136.
- the size of the opening 136 is designed to produce a rate-sensitive response to any impact causing compression of the member 50'. For instance, if the application of force upon the member 50' is gradual or of relatively low energy, the opening 136 permits sufficient air to pass through so that the member 50' compresses gradually and presents little resistance against the force. For example, an individual may be able to compress the shell of the protective headgear manually with a moderate touch of a hand or finger, because the energy-absorbing middle layer and, in some embodiments, the outer and inner layers are made of compressible materials. Because the application of the force is gradual, the wearer's head is not likely to accelerate significantly and thus is less likely to experience concussion. In addition, the wearer may feel the air being expelled from the members 50' onto his or her head, as described further below.
- An advantage of this structure is that when the member 50' compresses and empties the entire volume of air, a length of TPE material remains, which further absorbs energy. This helps prevent "bottoming out", i.e., fully compressing so that the cushioning effect of the member 50' is lost and the impinging force transfers directly to the wearer's head.
- the member 50' can also stretch and bend during tangential impact similarly to the members 50 described above, as illustrated by FIG. 8C and FIG. 8D.
- FIG. 8E shows the embodiment of the compressible member 50' after becoming compressed. Because of its resilient nature, the tendency of the member 50' is to return to its uncompressed shape. The inner and outer layers 28', 20' to which the member 50' is attached also contribute to the restoration of the member 50' to its uncompressed shape. The tendencies of the inner and outer layers 28', 20' to return to their pre-impact shape, because of their semi-rigidness and resiliency, operate to pull the member 50' back to its uncompressed shape. Accordingly, after the force is removed from the shell 30', the member 50' expands in the direction indicated by arrow 150, consequently drawing air in through the opening 136 as indicated by arrows 144'. FIG. 8F illustrates a simulated sequence of expansion of a rate-sensitive compressible member 50', as the force is removed.
- FIG. 9A shows a cross-section of another embodiment of a rate-sensitive compressible member 50" that is generally rectangular in shape (i.e., a strip).
- the member 50" has atop surface 160, a bottom surface 164, sidewalls 168-1, 168-2 (generally, 168), and a hollow internal chamber 172.
- the top surface 160 attaches to the internally facing surface of the outer layer 20' of the shell 30", and the bottom surface 164 attaches to a surface of the inner layer 28'.
- Each sidewall 168 has a respective small opening 176-1, 176-2 (generally, 176) formed therein. (Practice of the invention can be achieved with only one of the sidewalls 168 having an opening).
- FIG. 9B shows a cross-section of a shell 30'" having a plurality of rate- sensitive compressible members 50"' disposed between the outer layer 20' and inner layer 28'.
- Each compressible member 50"' has a plurality of openings 176 for the passage of fluid (i.e., air).
- the inner layer can have an openings 200 formed therein, to permit the passage of fluid. Fluid escaping the rate-sensitive compressible members 50"' during impact, or returning to the compressible members 50"' after impact, thus have avenues for leaving and entering the shell 30"'.
- Embodiments of the invention can have one or more of such openings 200 in addition to or instead of openings at the edge of the shell. Further, other embodiments can use such openings 200 with other types of compressible members (e.g., those described in FIG. 4).
- FIG. 10A shows a cross-section of an embodiment of a shell 230 having an outer layer 220, an inner layer 228, and a plurality of the rate-sensitive compressible members 50' (FIG. 8A) disposed therebetween.
- the opening 136 of each rate-sensitive compressible member 50' aligns with an opening (not shown) in the surface of the inner layer 228 and through any liner 232 so that expelled or inhaled air (arrows 210) can pass into the interior of the protective headgear.
- openings 136 can be on the sides of the compressible member 50', allowing the release and return of air through the interstitial region of the shell 230.
- FIG. 10B shows the shell 230, with rate-sensitive compressible members 50' and an internal liner 232, on the head 234 of a user.
- FIG. 10C illustrates an exemplary simulated operation of the shell 230, with rate-sensitive members 50', undergoing a direct impact from an object 236.
- the shell 230 operates to reduce linear acceleration of the headgear wearer's head 234.
- the members 50' directly beneath the outer layer at the point of impact compress.
- the compression of the shell 230 also causes air to exit the members 50' (arrows 238) and enter the interior of the headgear through the openings in the members 50' and in the inner layer.
- FIG. 10D illustrates an exemplary simulated operation of the shell 230, with rate-sensitive compressible members 50', undergoing a tangential impact from an object 236.
- the shell 230 operates to reduce rotational acceleration of the wearer's head 234.
- the outer layer shears with respect to the inner layer in a direction of motion of the object, as illustrated by arrows 240.
- Members 50' at the point of impact compress to some extent and shear with the outer layer.
- the compression causes air to exit the members 50' and to enter the interior of the headgear.
- FIG.11A shows a rear view of an embodiment of protective headgear 250 embodying the invention.
- the headgear 250 includes a pattern 254 of strip-shaped members 50" (FIG. 9A) disposed between outer and inner layers of the shell.
- FIG. 11B shows a side view of the headgear 250 with another pattern 258 of strip-shaped members 50".
- a variety of other patterns is possible without departing from the principles of the invention.
- FIG. 12 illustrates one embodiment of the inner shell layer 28 wherein the liner is non-continuous in form and is provided with a buckeyball shape.
- the inner liner layer 32 is interspersed with hexagon and pentagon shaped cutouts.
- FIG. 13 illustrates another embodiment of the inner shell layer 28 wherein the liner is non-continuous in form and is provided with a grid shape, in which square openings are the prevailing pattern.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a third embodiment of the inner shell layer 28 wherein the liner is provided with a geodesic dome shape having triangular shaped cutouts. Stated another way, in this configuration, the lines of the thermoplastic are formed into triangles which meet at the vertices.
- FIG. 15 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the inner shell layer 28 wherein the liner is non-continuous and is provided with a honeycomb, wherein the liner defined hexagonal shapes. Still other examples of inner liner configurations will be recognized by those skilled in the art, including combinations of the described patterns.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/059,427 US20060059606A1 (en) | 2004-09-22 | 2005-02-16 | Multilayer air-cushion shell with energy-absorbing layer for use in the construction of protective headgear |
PCT/US2006/005856 WO2006089234A2 (en) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Energy-absorbing liners and shape conforming layers for use with protective headgear |
EP06720890A EP1848293B1 (de) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Energieabsorbierende schichten zur verwendung in einem kopfschutzsystem |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06720890A Division EP1848293B1 (de) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Energieabsorbierende schichten zur verwendung in einem kopfschutzsystem |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1927294A2 true EP1927294A2 (de) | 2008-06-04 |
EP1927294A3 EP1927294A3 (de) | 2008-06-25 |
Family
ID=35447767
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06720890A Active EP1848293B1 (de) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Energieabsorbierende schichten zur verwendung in einem kopfschutzsystem |
EP07123110A Withdrawn EP1927294A3 (de) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Energieabsorbierende Schichten zur Verwendung in einem Kopfschutzsystem |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06720890A Active EP1848293B1 (de) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Energieabsorbierende schichten zur verwendung in einem kopfschutzsystem |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20060059606A1 (de) |
EP (2) | EP1848293B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2008529747A (de) |
CN (2) | CN100571557C (de) |
AU (1) | AU2006214035A1 (de) |
CA (2) | CA2598015A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE602006007952D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2330138T3 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1112163A1 (de) |
WO (2) | WO2006088500A1 (de) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD679058S1 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2013-03-26 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet liner |
USD683079S1 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2013-05-21 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet liner |
US8726424B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2014-05-20 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Energy management structure |
USD733972S1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2015-07-07 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet |
US9320311B2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2016-04-26 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet impact liner system |
US9516910B2 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2016-12-13 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet impact liner system |
US9743701B2 (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2017-08-29 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet retention system |
US9894953B2 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2018-02-20 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet retention system |
Families Citing this family (191)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080256686A1 (en) | 2005-02-16 | 2008-10-23 | Xenith, Llc. | Air Venting, Impact-Absorbing Compressible Members |
US7461726B2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2008-12-09 | The Aerospace Corporation | Force diversion apparatus and methods |
US7367898B2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2008-05-06 | The Aerospace Corporation | Force diversion apparatus and methods and devices including the same |
WO2007019653A1 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-22 | Mauricio Paranhos Torres | Cephalic protection cell (cpc) |
US20100258988A1 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2010-10-14 | Sport Helmets, Inc. | Embodiments of Lateral Displacement Shock Absorbing Technology and Applications Thereof |
BRPI0618410A2 (pt) * | 2005-10-14 | 2011-08-30 | Leatt Brace Holdings Pty Ltd | capacete |
GB2431859A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-09 | Lloyd | A body protecting device comprising an array of energy absorbing cells |
US7895681B2 (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2011-03-01 | Xenith, Llc | Protective structure and method of making same |
CN101505622B (zh) * | 2006-06-26 | 2011-07-13 | 皮雷恩投资股份公司 | 冲击阻尼材料,包括该材料的头盔和面板 |
US20080251332A1 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-16 | Stuhmiller James H | Anti-blast and shock reduction buffer |
US20080250548A1 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-16 | Stuhmiller James H | Anti-blast and shock optimal reduction buffer |
US9289024B2 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2016-03-22 | Riddell, Inc. | Protective sports helmet |
US8220070B2 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2012-07-17 | Warrior Sports, Inc. | Protective pad for appendage |
US20090218185A1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-09-03 | Keng-Hsien Lin | Resilient shock-absorbing device |
US8104593B2 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2012-01-31 | Keng-Hsien Lin | Resilient shock-absorbing device |
IT1391182B1 (it) * | 2008-07-10 | 2011-11-18 | Met S P A | Imbottitura di un casco, particolarmente per uso sportivo |
US20100186150A1 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2010-07-29 | Xenith, Llc | Protective headgear compression member |
US20100282554A1 (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-11-11 | Stone Thomas D | Multi-chamber impact absorption system to protect individual |
US20120096631A1 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2012-04-26 | Wayne State University | Omni-directional angular acceration reduction for protective headgear |
US20110034220A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Chang-Chun Lee | Handset jacket structure |
US20110113533A1 (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2011-05-19 | Manuel Guillen | Sports/swimming head protection device |
DE102009056723A1 (de) * | 2009-12-02 | 2011-06-09 | Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM) | Kopfschutz |
US20110177892A1 (en) * | 2010-01-16 | 2011-07-21 | Todd Garner | Strap detachable portable basketball system |
US8235461B2 (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2012-08-07 | Cohen Elie | Ventilated seat using shock absorbing material |
US20120304367A1 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2012-12-06 | Thl Holding Company, Llc | Protective helmet |
US20110209272A1 (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-09-01 | Drake Carl | Protective sports helmet with energy-absorbing padding and a facemask with force-distributing shock absorbers |
US20110225706A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Brian Pye | Hybrid Head Covering |
CN101822440A (zh) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-08 | 李治中 | 新型高强度可减震通风的安全帽 |
US20130122256A1 (en) | 2010-05-12 | 2013-05-16 | Svein Kleiven | Protective material |
US9226539B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 | 2016-01-05 | Sport Maska Inc. | Helmet with rigid shell and adjustable liner |
DE112011103371T5 (de) | 2010-10-06 | 2013-07-25 | Cortex Armour Inc. | Stoßdämpfungsschicht mit unabhängigen Elementen |
US9420841B2 (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2016-08-23 | Lawrence Everett Anderson | Wearable protection device and method thereof |
US20120167285A1 (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2012-07-05 | Robert Oppenheim | Robert Oppenheim |
US9072331B2 (en) | 2011-01-17 | 2015-07-07 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Goggle attachment system for a helmet |
US8683617B2 (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2014-04-01 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Multi-component helmet with ventilation shutter |
US8555423B2 (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2013-10-15 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Goggle attachment system for a protective helmet |
US11324273B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 | 2022-05-10 | 6D Helmets, Llc | Omnidirectional energy management systems and methods |
US10561192B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 | 2020-02-18 | 6D Helmets, Llc | Omnidirectional energy management systems and methods |
EP2672853B1 (de) * | 2011-02-09 | 2017-01-18 | 6D Helmets, LLC | Omnidirektionale helmenergieverwaltungsysteme |
US11766085B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 | 2023-09-26 | 6D Helmets, Llc | Omnidirectional energy management systems and methods |
US20120204329A1 (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2012-08-16 | Kinetica Inc. | Helmet designs utilizing fluid-filled containers |
US9572389B2 (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2017-02-21 | Kineticshield, Inc. | Impact and explosive force minimization structures |
US8756719B2 (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2014-06-24 | Waldemar Veazie | Method and apparatus for an adaptive impact absorbing helmet system |
US9140637B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2015-09-22 | Mihaly Kis, JR. | Method and apparatus for simulating head impacts for helmet testing |
WO2012148582A2 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-11-01 | Roho, Inc. | Multilayer impact attenuating insert for headgear |
USD838922S1 (en) | 2011-05-02 | 2019-01-22 | Riddell, Inc. | Football helmet |
US9032558B2 (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2015-05-19 | Lionhead Helmet Intellectual Properties, Lp | Helmet system |
PL2725936T3 (pl) * | 2011-06-30 | 2020-10-05 | Simon Fraser University | Mechanizm zmieniający kierunek uderzenia |
US9062939B2 (en) | 2011-07-11 | 2015-06-23 | John P. Papp | Helmet cover |
EP2734071B1 (de) * | 2011-07-21 | 2017-06-21 | Brainguard Technologies, Inc. | Biomechanikbewusste schutzkleidung |
US10306941B2 (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2019-06-04 | Bauer Hockey, Llc | Sports helmet with rotational impact protection |
US20130042748A1 (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-02-21 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Mesostructure Based Scatterers in Helmet Suspension Pads |
US20130150684A1 (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2013-06-13 | Jason Ryan Cooner | System and Method for Detecting, Recording, and Treating Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury |
WO2013033078A1 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-07 | Svehaug Tim | Soft helmet implementing rigid panels |
US9439469B2 (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2016-09-13 | Emerson Spalding Phipps | Protective helmet |
US9089180B2 (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2015-07-28 | Emerson Spalding Phipps | Protective helmet |
US9763488B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2017-09-19 | Riddell, Inc. | Protective sports helmet |
US8458820B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2013-06-11 | Robert E. Cleva | Form-fitting protective headwear |
US8347419B1 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2013-01-08 | Cleva Robert E | Form-fitting protective headwear |
US8713717B2 (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2014-05-06 | Robert E. Cleva | Protective athletic headwear with open top |
US8789212B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2014-07-29 | Robert E. Cleva | Protective athletic headwear with open top |
US8973171B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2015-03-10 | Robert E. Cleva | Form-fitting protective headwear |
US20130125294A1 (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-05-23 | Xenith, Llc | Magnetic impact absorption in protective body gear |
US8950735B2 (en) | 2011-12-14 | 2015-02-10 | Xenith, Llc | Shock absorbers for protective body gear |
US9113672B2 (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2015-08-25 | Michcar Partners, Llc | Protective helmet |
US9392833B2 (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2016-07-19 | Michcar Partners, Llc | Protective helmet |
WO2013104073A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-18 | University Of Ottawa | Head protection for reducing angular accelerations |
US20150272258A1 (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2015-10-01 | Darius J. Preisler | Sports helmet and pad kit for use therein |
JP6356613B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-16 | 2018-07-11 | ダブリュビー デベロップメント カンパニー エルエルシーWB Development Company LLC | 身体用衝撃保護装置 |
RU2578300C1 (ru) | 2012-03-07 | 2016-03-27 | Тоеда Айрон Уоркс Ко., Лтд | Накладной композиционный компонент |
WO2013149335A1 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-10 | University Of Ottawa | Head protection for reducing linear acceleration |
JP6180511B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-24 | 2017-08-16 | ベル スポーツ, インコーポレイテッド | 雪及びスキー用保護ヘルメット |
US20140373256A1 (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2014-12-25 | Philip R. Harris | Helmet pads |
US11464271B2 (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2022-10-11 | William A. Jacob | Energy dissipating helmet |
US10834987B1 (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2020-11-17 | Apex Biomedical Company, Llc | Protective liner for helmets and other articles |
US8640267B1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-02-04 | Yochanan Cohen | Protective helmet |
US9578917B2 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2017-02-28 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Protective helmets |
US9194452B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2015-11-24 | The Aerospace Corporation | High stiffness vibration damping apparatus, methods and systems |
US9375044B2 (en) | 2013-01-04 | 2016-06-28 | Square One Parachutes, Inc. | Anti-fog visor with opposed vents |
EP2945503A4 (de) | 2013-01-18 | 2017-04-26 | Windpact, Inc. | Stossabsorbierende vorrichtung |
US10159296B2 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2018-12-25 | Riddell, Inc. | System and method for custom forming a protective helmet for a customer's head |
US10602927B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2020-03-31 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Ocular-performance-based head impact measurement using a faceguard |
US10716469B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2020-07-21 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Ocular-performance-based head impact measurement applied to rotationally-centered impact mitigation systems and methods |
US11490809B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2022-11-08 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Ocular parameter-based head impact measurement using a face shield |
US12042294B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2024-07-23 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Systems and methods to measure ocular parameters and determine neurologic health status |
US11389059B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2022-07-19 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Ocular-performance-based head impact measurement using a faceguard |
US20140208486A1 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-07-31 | Wesley W.O. Krueger | Impact reduction helmet |
US11504051B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2022-11-22 | Wesley W. O. Krueger | Systems and methods for observing eye and head information to measure ocular parameters and determine human health status |
US9656148B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 | 2017-05-23 | Riddell, Inc. | Football helmet with recessed face guard mounting areas |
ES1079209Y (es) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-08-09 | Moya Jose Antonio Rodriguez | Casco protector de interior visible |
US10150389B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2018-12-11 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat and connection system |
US10220734B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat |
US8911015B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2014-12-16 | Yochanan Cohen | Car seat |
US9487110B2 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2016-11-08 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat |
US9655783B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2017-05-23 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Strap attachment systems and goggles including same |
US9815418B2 (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2017-11-14 | Toyoda Iron Works Co., Ltd. | Laminated composite interior part |
USD765918S1 (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2016-09-06 | BCL Inc. | Protective liner for a ball cap |
USD762330S1 (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2016-07-26 | Bcl Inc | Protective liner for a ball cap |
US20150237944A1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-08-27 | Bcl Inc | Protective ball cap |
USD837455S1 (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2019-01-01 | Bcl Inc | Protective liner for a cap |
USD795500S1 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2017-08-22 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Helmet |
USD752814S1 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2016-03-29 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Helmet |
US10736373B2 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2020-08-11 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Helmet with shock absorbing inserts |
USD752294S1 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2016-03-22 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Helmet |
US10219575B2 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2019-03-05 | Tiax Llc | Structured material for impact protection |
US10350477B2 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2019-07-16 | Composite Technology Concepts, Llc | Sports equipment that employ force-absorbing elements |
US10645982B2 (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2020-05-12 | Robert T. Bayer | Protective athletic helmet to reduce linear and rotational brain acceleration |
US20170367428A1 (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2017-12-28 | Robert T. Bayer | Protective Athletic Helmet to Reduce Linear and Rotational Brain Acceleration |
CA2928241C (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2020-06-30 | University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization | Protective helmets with non-linearly deforming elements |
US10813402B2 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2020-10-27 | University Of Washington | Protective helmets including non-linearly deforming elements |
CN103660304B (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2017-01-11 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | 个体防护头盔内部热塑性衬垫及其制作方法 |
US9763487B1 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2017-09-19 | Alphonso William Brown, Jr. | Double liner impact shield football helmet |
JP2016539253A (ja) | 2013-12-06 | 2016-12-15 | ベル スポーツ, インコーポレイテッド | 可撓性多層ヘルメット及びその作製方法 |
US10244809B2 (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2019-04-02 | Linares Medical Devices, Llc | Helmet for attenuating impact event |
CA2934368C (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2023-03-21 | Bauer Hockey Corp. | Helmet for impact protection |
WO2015116750A1 (en) * | 2014-02-03 | 2015-08-06 | Cohen Yochanan | Protective helmets |
US9468249B2 (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2016-10-18 | Janice Geraldine Fraser | Protective headgear |
GB2540238B (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2018-04-11 | Pembroke Bow Ltd | Helmet |
US9975032B2 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2018-05-22 | Mark Frey | Concussive helmet |
FR3023679A1 (fr) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-22 | Salomon Sas | Casque a amortissement |
USD773120S1 (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2016-11-29 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Helmet |
US11178930B2 (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2021-11-23 | Carter J. Kovarik | Helmet for reducing concussive forces during collision and facilitating rapid facemask removal |
US10092057B2 (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2018-10-09 | Carter J. Kovarik | Helmet for reducing concussive forces during collision and facilitating rapid facemask removal |
US9616782B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2017-04-11 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat vehicle connection system, apparatus, and method |
GB2530309A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-23 | Strategic Sports Ltd | A triple layered compressible liner for impact protection |
USD793625S1 (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2017-08-01 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet |
CA2966189C (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2023-09-26 | Bell Sports, Inc. | Protective helmet |
US20160120255A1 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-05 | Vladimir A. Alexander | Impact isolation sports helmet |
WO2016077503A1 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-19 | The Uab Research Foundation, Inc. | Protective helmets having energy absorbing tethers |
WO2016077502A1 (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-19 | The Uab Research Foundation, Inc. | Protective helmets having energy absorbing shells |
US10568377B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2020-02-25 | The UAB REASEARCH FOUNDATION INC. | Protective helmet systems that enable the helmet to rotate independent of the head |
GB201501834D0 (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-03-18 | Isis Innovation | An impact absorbing structure |
CN105982382A (zh) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-10-05 | 天津市爱杜自行车有限公司 | 一种自行车头盔 |
US20160242485A1 (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2016-08-25 | Steven Christopher CARTON | Helmet |
US11154108B2 (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2021-10-26 | Joey LaRocque | Vented soft-sided helmet |
US20160256763A1 (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-08 | Michael Henry McGee | Compositions for preventing head injuries in team sports |
EP3270724B1 (de) * | 2015-03-17 | 2021-02-17 | Major League Baseball Properties, Inc. | Schutzhelm für sportler, insbesondere baseball-feldspieler |
US9943129B2 (en) * | 2015-04-06 | 2018-04-17 | Cascade Maverik Lacrosse, Llc | Protective headgear |
US11089832B2 (en) | 2015-05-01 | 2021-08-17 | Gentex Corporation | Helmet impact attenuation article |
EP3298918B1 (de) | 2015-05-19 | 2021-12-01 | Paranhos Torres, Maurício | Verbesserungen an einer schädelschutzzelle |
CN108124417A (zh) | 2015-06-02 | 2018-06-05 | 顶点生物医药有限责任公司 | 具有限定的多阶段压溃特性的能量吸收结构 |
US9439468B1 (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2016-09-13 | Ethan Wayne Blagg | Protective athletic helmet |
EP3117726B1 (de) * | 2015-07-17 | 2018-07-18 | Anomaly Action Sports S.r.l. | Schutzhelm |
ITUB20152289A1 (it) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-17 | Anomaly Action Sports S R L | Casco di protezione. |
US9961952B2 (en) | 2015-08-17 | 2018-05-08 | Bauer Hockey, Llc | Helmet for impact protection |
US10687576B2 (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2020-06-23 | Sedrick Day | Spring absorption technology (S.A.T.) helmet |
US10973272B2 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2021-04-13 | Vpg Acquisitionco, Llc | Laterally supported filaments |
US10433609B2 (en) | 2016-01-08 | 2019-10-08 | VICIS, Inc. | Layered materials and structures for enhanced impact absorption |
CA2941601C (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2023-07-11 | Carl Kuntz | Impact absorption padding for contact sports helmets |
US10905568B2 (en) | 2016-02-29 | 2021-02-02 | Pva Medical, Llc | Prosthetic limb socket with variable hardness |
WO2017151028A1 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-09-08 | Poc Sweden Ab | A comfort padding and a helmet comprising the comfort padding |
CN109068783B (zh) * | 2016-03-04 | 2022-10-21 | 韦弗赛尔有限公司 | 用于头盔和其他物品的保护衬里 |
WO2017171694A1 (en) * | 2016-03-27 | 2017-10-05 | Tutunaru Catalin | Football helmet |
US20190014848A1 (en) * | 2016-03-27 | 2019-01-17 | Impact Solution LLC | Protective headgear and methods for making same |
USD811663S1 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2018-02-27 | Major League Baseball Properties, Inc. | Protective headgear |
WO2017177251A1 (de) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-10-19 | Gerhard Karall | Körperschutzelement |
US10306943B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2019-06-04 | Juan N. Walterspiel | Shock absorbing system |
US10716351B2 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2020-07-21 | Peter G. MEADE | Zero impact head gear |
CN105962513A (zh) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-09-28 | 太仓市飞鸿塑钢制品有限公司 | 防撞击的abs塑料安全帽 |
WO2018017867A1 (en) | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-25 | Riddell, Inc. | System and methods for designing and manufacturing a bespoke protective sports helmet |
USD817553S1 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-08 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Helmet |
USD822905S1 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2018-07-10 | Smith Optics, Inc. | Helmet |
SE541081C2 (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2019-04-02 | Poc Sweden Ab | A comfort padding and a helmet comprising the comfort padding |
CN110167377B (zh) * | 2016-12-06 | 2021-09-10 | 撞击科技有限公司 | 冲击耗散内衬和制造冲击耗散内衬的方法 |
USD815359S1 (en) | 2017-01-06 | 2018-04-10 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet |
CA3052260A1 (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-09 | Impact Solutions Llc | Football helmet |
US11632999B2 (en) | 2017-02-13 | 2023-04-25 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Constant force impact protection device |
US20180360155A1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | Sekund Skull Inc. | Protective device for use with helmets |
US10201208B1 (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-02-12 | Ronnie Z. Bochner | Foldable helmet |
US10349696B2 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-07-16 | Kenneth K. OGATA | Football helmet |
US11019871B2 (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2021-06-01 | Ali M. Sadegh | Biomimetic and inflatable energy-absorbing helmet to reduce head injuries and concussions |
US20190110545A1 (en) * | 2017-10-15 | 2019-04-18 | Choon Kee Lee | Shockwaves Attenuating Protective Headgear |
WO2019076689A1 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2019-04-25 | Mips Ab | HELMET |
USD858894S1 (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2019-09-03 | Robert T. Bayer | Protective inner shell for a helmet |
GB201719559D0 (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-01-10 | Mips Ab | Connector |
CA3040402A1 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-16 | Ryan David George Moore | Systems and devices for detecting, locating and mitigating concussive impact forces |
TWI680727B (zh) * | 2018-06-12 | 2020-01-01 | 豐閣行銷設計有限公司 | 可吸收多向衝擊之安全帽 |
US11946525B2 (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2024-04-02 | Hexnest Inc. | Impact absorbing devices and processes of operation of the impact absorbing devices |
WO2020037279A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-20 | Riddell, Inc. | System and method for designing and manufacturing a protective helmet |
CN113423296A (zh) | 2018-11-21 | 2021-09-21 | 瑞德尔有限公司 | 具有被增材制造以管理撞击力的部件的保护性娱乐运动头盔 |
USD927084S1 (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2021-08-03 | Riddell, Inc. | Pad member of an internal padding assembly of a protective sports helmet |
US11766083B2 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2023-09-26 | Tianqi Technology Co (Ningbo) Ltd | Helmet |
KR20210122790A (ko) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-10-12 | 스트래티직 스포츠 리미티드 | 경사 충격 보호 기기, 이를 포함하는 헬멧, 이를 포함하는 스포츠 장비 및 이를 위한 방법 |
US10869520B1 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2020-12-22 | Lionhead Helmet Intellectual Properties, Lp | Helmet |
EP3838043B1 (de) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-08-16 | George TFE SCP | Helm |
US20210227916A1 (en) * | 2020-01-27 | 2021-07-29 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Servic | Headgear systems with air-bubble cushioning liner for improved shock absorption performance |
US10905187B1 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-02-02 | Gwenventions, Llc | Collapsible helmet |
CZ309734B6 (cs) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-08-30 | Západočeská Univerzita V Plzni | Helma s vícesměrovým systémem zavěšení a postup montáže helmy |
US11547166B1 (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2023-01-10 | Lionhead Helmet Intellectual Properties, Lp | Helmet |
CN114468456A (zh) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-13 | 展讯通信(上海)有限公司 | 一种头盔 |
US11641904B1 (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2023-05-09 | Lionhead Helmet Intellectual Properties, Lp | Helmet |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6658671B1 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2003-12-09 | Neuroprevention Scandinavia Ab | Protective helmet |
US20040117896A1 (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-06-24 | Madey Steven M. | Load diversion method and apparatus for head protective devices |
US20040168246A1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2004-09-02 | Phillips Kenneth David | Protective headgear and protective armour and a method of modifying protective headgear and protective armour |
WO2006005143A1 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-19 | K.U. Leuven Research & Development | Protective helmet |
Family Cites Families (108)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1080690A (en) * | 1913-04-28 | 1913-12-09 | Samuel Hipkiss | Foot-ball helmet. |
US1552965A (en) * | 1924-12-01 | 1925-09-08 | Roland L Smith | Pneumatic bumper for vehicles |
US2296355A (en) * | 1938-05-23 | 1942-09-22 | Rca Corp | High frequency oscillator tube |
US2296335A (en) * | 1940-11-29 | 1942-09-22 | David R Brady | Athletic protector |
US2759186A (en) * | 1953-07-07 | 1956-08-21 | Cornell Aeronautical Labor Inc | Pneumatic suspension for safety helmet |
US3039109A (en) * | 1958-10-16 | 1962-06-19 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Lining for safety helmets |
US3174155A (en) * | 1963-02-20 | 1965-03-23 | Dallas Sports Knitting Co Inc | Protective helmet having a padded outer surface |
US3242500A (en) * | 1964-08-24 | 1966-03-29 | John W Derr | Protective head covering |
US3447163A (en) * | 1966-02-16 | 1969-06-03 | Peter W Bothwell | Safety helmets |
US3500475A (en) * | 1967-03-01 | 1970-03-17 | Honda Gijutsu Kenkyusho Kk | Protective helmet |
US3487417A (en) * | 1968-05-22 | 1969-12-30 | Riddell | Construction for absorbing energy |
US3600714A (en) * | 1969-03-19 | 1971-08-24 | Hop N Gator Inc | Hydraulic helmet |
US3609764A (en) * | 1969-03-20 | 1971-10-05 | Riddell | Energy absorbing and sizing means for helmets |
US3666220A (en) * | 1970-06-25 | 1972-05-30 | Imp Eastman Corp | Adjustable retainable tool balancer |
US3668704A (en) * | 1970-07-13 | 1972-06-13 | Robert E Conroy | Protective headgear |
US3971583A (en) * | 1971-03-19 | 1976-07-27 | Safety Consultants | Energy absorbing bumper system |
US3747968A (en) * | 1971-10-15 | 1973-07-24 | G Hornsby | Automobile cushion bumper |
US3900222A (en) * | 1971-12-02 | 1975-08-19 | Ford Motor Co | Compartmented resilient bumper assembly |
NL7303471A (de) * | 1972-03-15 | 1973-09-18 | ||
US3784985A (en) * | 1972-05-02 | 1974-01-15 | Air Guard Ind | Athletic armor and inflatable bag assembly |
US3849801A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1974-11-26 | Medalist Ind Inc | Protective gear with hydraulic liner |
US3872511A (en) * | 1974-03-11 | 1975-03-25 | Larcher Angelo C | Protective headgear |
US3877076A (en) * | 1974-05-08 | 1975-04-15 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Safety hat energy absorbing liner |
US4075717A (en) * | 1975-02-28 | 1978-02-28 | Lemelson Jerome H | Helmate |
US4067063A (en) * | 1975-03-31 | 1978-01-10 | Ettinger Donald N | Pneumatic athletic guard |
DE2526336A1 (de) * | 1975-06-12 | 1976-12-16 | Kalman Gyoery | Einsatz fuer sicherheitshelme, insbesondere motorradhelme |
US3999220A (en) * | 1976-04-22 | 1976-12-28 | Keltner Raymond O | Air-cushioned protective gear |
US4064565A (en) * | 1976-05-13 | 1977-12-27 | Griffiths William S | Helmet structure |
US4023213A (en) * | 1976-05-17 | 1977-05-17 | Pepsico, Inc. | Shock-absorbing system for protective equipment |
US4099759A (en) * | 1976-05-18 | 1978-07-11 | Safety Consultants | Energy absorbing bumper system |
US4134156A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1979-01-16 | Gyoery Kalman | Safety helmet |
US4192699A (en) * | 1977-03-16 | 1980-03-11 | Lewicki Gregory D | Method of making inflatable cellular assemblies of plastic material |
US5334646B1 (en) * | 1977-03-17 | 1998-09-08 | Applied Elastomerics Inc | Thermoplastic elastomer gelatinous articles |
US5336708A (en) * | 1977-03-17 | 1994-08-09 | Applied Elastomerics, Inc. | Gelatinous elastomer articles |
US4124904A (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1978-11-14 | Matthes John A | Protective head gear |
US4370754A (en) * | 1978-07-27 | 1983-02-01 | American Pneumatics Co. | Variable pressure pad |
US4453271A (en) * | 1979-09-28 | 1984-06-12 | American Pneumatics Co. | Protective garment |
US4534068A (en) * | 1982-10-26 | 1985-08-13 | Figgie International Inc. | Shock attenuation system |
US4566137A (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1986-01-28 | Gooding Elwyn R | Inflatable baffled liner for protective headgear and other protective equipment |
US4586200A (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1986-05-06 | Poon Melvyn C | Protective crash helmet |
CH657760A5 (fr) * | 1984-06-18 | 1986-09-30 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Casque de protection contre les impacts et procede de fabrication de ce casque. |
US4627114A (en) * | 1984-08-23 | 1986-12-09 | Figgie International, Inc. | Shock attenuation structure |
US4700411A (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1987-10-20 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Helmet |
IT1177288B (it) * | 1984-11-22 | 1987-08-26 | Pier Luigi Nava | Casco integrale |
JPH0454180Y2 (de) * | 1987-05-12 | 1992-12-18 | ||
US5846063A (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1998-12-08 | Nikola Lakic | Miniature universal pump and valve for inflatable liners |
US4883299A (en) * | 1988-04-07 | 1989-11-28 | Bonar George D | Bumper |
US4937888A (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1990-07-03 | Straus Albert E | Helmet cover |
JPH026606A (ja) * | 1988-06-14 | 1990-01-10 | Michio Arai | フルフェース型ヘルメット |
CN1043109A (zh) * | 1988-12-05 | 1990-06-20 | 张宁 | 气垫式车用减震保险杠 |
JP2741788B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-17 | 1998-04-22 | キヤノン株式会社 | 清掃部材及び該清掃部材を備えたインクジェット記録装置 |
US5056162A (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1991-10-15 | Kaiser Aerospace & Electronics Corporation | Form-fitting, energy-absorbing material and method for making the same |
JPH0663125B2 (ja) * | 1990-08-31 | 1994-08-17 | 昭栄化工株式会社 | 乗車用ヘルメット |
US5098124A (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1992-03-24 | Automotive Technologies International Inc. | Padding to reduce injuries in automobile accidents |
JPH0635683B2 (ja) * | 1990-09-14 | 1994-05-11 | 昭栄化工株式会社 | 乗車用ヘルメット |
US5083320A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1992-01-28 | Athletic Helmet, Inc. | Protective helmet with self-contained air pump |
JPH0634335Y2 (ja) * | 1991-03-18 | 1994-09-07 | 昭栄化工株式会社 | シールド付ヘルメット |
US5263203A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1993-11-23 | Riddell, Inc. | Integrated pump mechanism and inflatable liner for protective |
CN1075867A (zh) * | 1992-02-29 | 1993-09-08 | 刘辉玉 | 可缓冲撞击力的安全帽 |
AU661758B2 (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1995-08-03 | Shoei Kako Kabushiki Kaisha | Vehicle helmet |
US5204998A (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-04-27 | Liu Huei Yu | Safety helmet with bellows cushioning device |
US5319808A (en) * | 1992-06-01 | 1994-06-14 | Fibre-Metal Products Co. | Impact absorbing protective cap |
GB9213704D0 (en) * | 1992-06-27 | 1992-08-12 | Brine C A | Safety helmet |
US6319599B1 (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 2001-11-20 | Theresa M. Buckley | Phase change thermal control materials, method and apparatus |
DE69312247T2 (de) * | 1992-12-18 | 1998-02-26 | Robert Scarborough Ontario Huybrechts | Artikel mit formbaren Unterlagen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
US5881395A (en) * | 1993-07-08 | 1999-03-16 | Donzis; Byron A | Impact absorbing pad |
US5343569A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1994-09-06 | Asare Michael K | Protective helmet containing dye capsules |
JPH086006Y2 (ja) * | 1993-07-28 | 1996-02-21 | 昭栄化工株式会社 | 乗車用ヘルメット |
JP2503094Y2 (ja) * | 1993-08-11 | 1996-06-26 | 昭栄化工株式会社 | ヘルメットの空気取入装置 |
US5500951A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1996-03-26 | Danmar Products, Inc. | Shock absorbing strap cover |
US5753061A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-05-19 | Robert C. Bogert | Multi-celled cushion and method of its manufacture |
US5678885A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1997-10-21 | Stirling; Leroy D. | Vehicle body construction |
EP0771534B1 (de) * | 1995-10-30 | 2001-09-05 | Shoei Co., Ltd. | Sicherheitshelm und Kopfschützvorrichtung dafür |
US5575017A (en) * | 1996-01-02 | 1996-11-19 | Rawlings Sporting Goods Company, Inc. | Adjustable baseball batter's helmet |
US5749111A (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1998-05-12 | Teksource, Lc | Gelatinous cushions with buckling columns |
US5713082A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1998-02-03 | A.V.E. | Sports helmet |
JPH1088415A (ja) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-04-07 | T S Tec Kk | ヘルメット |
US5794271A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-08-18 | Hastings; Dale | Helmet shell structure |
US5734994A (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 1998-04-07 | M.P.H. Associates, Inc. | Ventilated safety helmet with progressively crushable liner |
US6336220B1 (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 2002-01-08 | Trauma-Lite Limited | Protective element |
CA2207778C (en) * | 1997-06-13 | 2001-01-23 | Alberta Research Council | Structural shell for protective headgear |
US6065158A (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2000-05-23 | Rush, Iii; Gus A. | Impact indicator for athletic helmets |
US5911310A (en) * | 1998-04-23 | 1999-06-15 | Bridgers; Leo W. | Inflatable shin guard |
US5956777A (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 1999-09-28 | Grand Slam Cards | Helmet |
US6425141B1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2002-07-30 | Cerebrix | Protective helmet |
JP2000080515A (ja) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-21 | T S Tec Kk | ヘルメット |
AU5909299A (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-27 | Mike Dennis | Body-contact cushioning interface structure |
US6565461B1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2003-05-20 | Stuart E. Zatlin | Method and apparatus for reducing the likelihood of head injury from heading a soccer ball |
EP1137350B1 (de) * | 1998-12-07 | 2005-04-06 | Catalin Obreja | Schutzhelm |
US6073271A (en) * | 1999-02-09 | 2000-06-13 | Adams Usa, Inc. | Football helmet with inflatable liner |
US6219850B1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2001-04-24 | Lexington Safety Products, Inc. | Helmet |
US6178560B1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2001-01-30 | Southern Impact Research Center, Llc | Helmet fitting system |
US6260212B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-07-17 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Head-protective helmet with geodesic dome |
US6519873B1 (en) * | 1999-10-21 | 2003-02-18 | Yamamoto Limited | Plastic bellows inserted into soles |
US6349599B1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2002-02-26 | Panametrics, Inc. | Layered ultrasonic coupler |
ITTV20000052A1 (it) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-19 | Benetton Spa | Struttura di protezione particolarmente per uso sportivo |
US6560787B2 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2003-05-13 | Irma D. Mendoza | Safety helmet |
US6389607B1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2002-05-21 | James C. Wood | Soft foam sport helmet |
US6453476B1 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2002-09-24 | Team Wendy, Llc | Protective helmet |
US6803005B2 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2004-10-12 | Mjd Innovations, Llc | Method for making multi-layer, personnel-protective helmet shell |
US6704943B2 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2004-03-16 | Kisiel Technologies, S.L. | Inner cushions for helmets |
MXPA03003843A (es) * | 2002-05-01 | 2004-09-03 | Riddell | Casco de futbol americano. |
AU2003247414A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-12-02 | White Water Research And Safety Institute, Inc. | Protective headgear for whitewater use |
US6665884B1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-23 | Adams Usa | Helmet with self-adjusting padding |
US6839910B2 (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2005-01-11 | David Morrow | Protective athletic equipment |
JP4059729B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-09 | 2008-03-12 | 株式会社Shoei | 安全用ヘルメットのための頭部保護体 |
US6694529B1 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-02-24 | Tzu Tao Chiu | Helmet structure |
US7089602B2 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2006-08-15 | Srikrishna Talluri | Multi-layered, impact absorbing, modular helmet |
-
2005
- 2005-02-16 US US11/059,427 patent/US20060059606A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-18 WO PCT/US2005/029466 patent/WO2006088500A1/en active Application Filing
-
2006
- 2006-02-16 CA CA002598015A patent/CA2598015A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-16 ES ES06720890T patent/ES2330138T3/es active Active
- 2006-02-16 CA CA2820137A patent/CA2820137A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-16 WO PCT/US2006/005856 patent/WO2006089234A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-02-16 AU AU2006214035A patent/AU2006214035A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-16 CN CNB2006800123363A patent/CN100571557C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-16 DE DE602006007952T patent/DE602006007952D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-16 CN CN2009102098713A patent/CN101720999B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-16 EP EP06720890A patent/EP1848293B1/de active Active
- 2006-02-16 JP JP2007556372A patent/JP2008529747A/ja active Pending
- 2006-02-16 US US11/816,145 patent/US20080155735A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-16 EP EP07123110A patent/EP1927294A3/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-01-30 HK HK08101160.4A patent/HK1112163A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6658671B1 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2003-12-09 | Neuroprevention Scandinavia Ab | Protective helmet |
US20040168246A1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2004-09-02 | Phillips Kenneth David | Protective headgear and protective armour and a method of modifying protective headgear and protective armour |
US20040117896A1 (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-06-24 | Madey Steven M. | Load diversion method and apparatus for head protective devices |
WO2006005143A1 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-19 | K.U. Leuven Research & Development | Protective helmet |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8726424B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2014-05-20 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Energy management structure |
USD679058S1 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2013-03-26 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet liner |
US9516910B2 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2016-12-13 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet impact liner system |
USD683079S1 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2013-05-21 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet liner |
US9320311B2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2016-04-26 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet impact liner system |
US9894953B2 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2018-02-20 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet retention system |
USD733972S1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2015-07-07 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet |
US9743701B2 (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2017-08-29 | Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc | Helmet retention system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602006007952D1 (de) | 2009-09-03 |
US20080155735A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
EP1848293B1 (de) | 2009-07-22 |
EP1927294A3 (de) | 2008-06-25 |
JP2008529747A (ja) | 2008-08-07 |
CA2598015A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
CN101720999A (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
EP1848293A2 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
CN100571557C (zh) | 2009-12-23 |
ES2330138T3 (es) | 2009-12-04 |
CN101720999B (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
HK1112163A1 (en) | 2008-08-29 |
WO2006089234A3 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
WO2006089234A2 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
AU2006214035A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
CA2820137A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
US20060059606A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
WO2006088500A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
CN101227842A (zh) | 2008-07-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1848293B1 (de) | Energieabsorbierende schichten zur verwendung in einem kopfschutzsystem | |
US20060059605A1 (en) | Layered construction of protective headgear with one or more compressible layers of thermoplastic elastomer material | |
US9683622B2 (en) | Air venting, impact-absorbing compressible members | |
US20200253314A1 (en) | Omnidirectional energy management systems and methods | |
US9622534B2 (en) | Rebounding cushioning helmet liner | |
US10980306B2 (en) | Helmet omnidirectional energy management systems | |
US7341776B1 (en) | Protective foam with skin | |
US20240032636A1 (en) | Impact mitigation fit pods | |
EP3903616B1 (de) | Helm zum aufprallschutz | |
CA2966656A1 (en) | Protective helmets having energy absorbing liners | |
CA2966658A1 (en) | Protective helmets having energy absorbing tethers | |
US20220322780A1 (en) | Omnidirectional energy management systems and methods | |
CN111683551B (zh) | 保护设备 | |
CA2669890A1 (en) | Bellows pad for protective gear i.e. helmets |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20071213 |
|
AC | Divisional application: reference to earlier application |
Ref document number: 1848293 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: P |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: A42B 3/12 20060101ALI20080522BHEP Ipc: A42B 3/06 20060101AFI20080425BHEP |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: ENERGY-ABSORBING LINERS FOR USE WITH PROTECTIVE HEADGEAR |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AXX | Extension fees paid |
Extension state: RS Payment date: 20071213 Extension state: MK Payment date: 20071213 Extension state: HR Payment date: 20071213 Extension state: BA Payment date: 20071213 Extension state: AL Payment date: 20071213 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: DE Ref document number: 1121650 Country of ref document: HK |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20090911 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20100122 |