EP1859912B1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un panneau - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un panneau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1859912B1
EP1859912B1 EP07009019A EP07009019A EP1859912B1 EP 1859912 B1 EP1859912 B1 EP 1859912B1 EP 07009019 A EP07009019 A EP 07009019A EP 07009019 A EP07009019 A EP 07009019A EP 1859912 B1 EP1859912 B1 EP 1859912B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
embossing
synthetic resin
roller
decoration
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Active
Application number
EP07009019A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1859912A1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flooring Technologies Ltd
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Flooring Technologies Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Flooring Technologies Ltd filed Critical Flooring Technologies Ltd
Priority to PL07009019T priority Critical patent/PL1859912T3/pl
Publication of EP1859912A1 publication Critical patent/EP1859912A1/fr
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Publication of EP1859912B1 publication Critical patent/EP1859912B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/003—Mechanical surface treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/04—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of flooring elements, e.g. parqueting blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a panel, in particular a wall, ceiling or floor panel of split wood-based panels with side edges, which have a decor on the top and / or bottom, which is coated with a heat-activatable resin or a radiation-curable lacquer and the structure of wood-based panel, decor and synthetic resin or lacquer layer is pressed together by means of at least one embossing roller and at least one counter-pressure roller.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out such a method.
  • a coating is applied to a wood-based panel, for example an MDF or HDF board.
  • the coatings used for this purpose are available in a variety of decors and show, for example, wood decors, stone decors but also fantasy decors.
  • the coating materials are embossed with a three-dimensional structure that corresponds as closely as possible to the natural material. This means that when comparing the natural material with the imitation on the coating, if possible no difference ______ should exist between the two surfaces.
  • a device and a method for smoothing surfaces of workpieces made of wood or wood-based materials is known.
  • a heated smoothing tool with a temperature of 200 to 450 ° C over the surface of the workpiece made of wood or wood-based material.
  • the production of decorsynchronous structures takes place in special presses, which provide a corresponding press plate for each decor or for each structure.
  • the press plates are called synchronizer plates.
  • the grain is then pressed at the corresponding point of the coating material, for example an impregnated paper.
  • stable presses are needed which allow a pressure of at least 390 N / cm 2 (40 kg / cm 2 ). The smaller the surface to be pressed, the lower the pressure needed for embossing.
  • a joint in tile structures can be produced at a lower pressure than a so-called handscraped pattern (superimposed structure, eg a wood structure with a worn surface in which the height differences of early and latewood are pressed into the surface of the panel) over a larger area because the pressure can be made more selectively.
  • a so-called handscraped pattern superimposed structure, eg a wood structure with a worn surface in which the height differences of early and latewood are pressed into the surface of the panel
  • very large pressures at least 785 N / cm 2 (80 kg / cm 2 ) are needed.
  • the presses that make it possible to work with such high pressures are very costly and are therefore not frequently used in industry.
  • the utilization of these presses is currently low. If the pore type is to change, a new and costly press plate must be purchased for each of these presses. The problem with this is that this is a time-consuming and expensive process.
  • the EP 0 345 790 A2 also discloses a method of embossing a structure by rolling into the surface of a panel. Also in the method proposed in this document, the structure is embossed before drying the applied layers. This must therefore be done immediately.
  • a method is proposed in which a structure is introduced into the surface of a panel before the final curing of the panel. Also in this case, therefore, the impression of the structure must be made immediately after the manufacture of the panel. A temporary storage is not possible in this case.
  • the DE 10 2004 033 237 A1 discloses a method in which decorative laminates are provided with a surface structure.
  • an ink used for the production of the decorative layer of the laminate is mixed with an additive which prevents the wetting of the printed layer with later to be applied impregnating resins.
  • These resins thus accumulate only in areas of the laminate surface which were not printed with the ink added with the additive. adversely is that also in this case, the structure must be made during the manufacturing process of the panel. If the structure to be produced does not follow the printed image of only one color, which is generally the case, for example, with woodgrain decors, an additional, optionally colorless, layer which is mixed with the additive is to be applied here. This makes the process complicated and time-consuming.
  • the DE 27 06 538 discloses a method of embossing or burning a pattern into a plate, for example made of wood or of a hardened gypsum core, on the at least one side of which a paper or felt layer is applied.
  • the embossing tool must be heated to a very high temperature due to the extremely high surface hardness of the materials to be embossed, which is why it quickly becomes unusable due to oxidation and wear. This problem is encountered in the cited document by choosing an optimal temperature interval.
  • the US 2004/0086678 discloses a method for producing a structured surface of a panel wherein a base coat is first applied to the core to provide a textured surface. Subsequently, a pattern or decor is printed on this surface, which is finally covered with a protective layer.
  • an embossing depth of 80 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 250 ⁇ m, of split panels can be achieved before the profiling.
  • both the embossing roller and the counterpressure roller are heated to a temperature of 200-500.degree. C., preferably 230-350.degree. C., in particular preferably 250.degree.
  • the synthetic resin or the lacquer layer is melted on the top and / or bottom of the panels, so that over the embossing roll a structure, e.g. a three-dimensional image of a wooden surface into which the panel surface can be embossed.
  • the panel is inserted between the embossing roller and a counter pressure roller, which provides the propulsion.
  • the rollers it is possible to apply a high pressing pressure of 590-1470 N / cm 2 (60-150 kg / cm 2 ), preferably 785-1175 N / cm 2 (80-120 kg / cm 2 ) to achieve a depth impression to a depth of up to 500 ⁇ m.
  • a high pressing pressure of 590-1470 N / cm 2 (60-150 kg / cm 2 ), preferably 785-1175 N / cm 2 (80-120 kg / cm 2 ) to achieve a depth impression to a depth of up to 500 ⁇ m.
  • an embossing depth of up to 500 microns desired so can be embossed with the embossing roll both in the molten melamine layer as well as in the underlying wood material.
  • superimposed structures with the embossing rollers so-called.
  • Handscraped patterns such as surfaces of worn wood floors can be reproduced with significant early wood latewood differences.
  • chamfers can also be imprinted into the side edges of the panel by the embossing roller and possibly also additionally.
  • machining costs can be saved, since a machining of the panel side edges to produce the chamfers is no longer necessary.
  • the panel is already coated with a decor and a synthetic resin prior to the embossing of the chamfers, a surface seal of the chamfer, e.g. by painting, which takes place after a machining, after the embossing no longer necessary. Subsequent painting is critical, especially in the case of structured surfaces, as the three-dimensional structure can be covered again by applying the varnish.
  • the panels can be deformed banana-like by the high pressure and high temperatures during the embossing, it is advantageous to cool the panels after the embossing by rolling. As a result, the deformation can be corrected again.
  • the synthetic resin layer on the top and / or bottom of the panels may be directly applied by one or more printing operations.
  • the synthetic resin can be applied with a basis weight of about 200 to 300 g / m 2 .
  • synthetic resins it is possible to apply not only melamine resin but also other amino resins, for example urea or phenolic resins or other synthetic resins.
  • the lacquer layer can be applied by one or more printing operations directly on the top and / or bottom.
  • an electron beam curable varnish with wear and scratch-inhibiting additives is used. Of these, about 150 g / m 2 can be applied.
  • the lacquer layer is then further fully cured with an electron beam with a dose rate of 60 kGray. After structuring, the gloss level is greater than or equal to 85 units (measurement according to EN ISO 2813 at an angle of 60 °).
  • the throughput speed can be 10 to 60 m / min. It is preferably 30 m / min.
  • the embossing line pressure can be 590 to 1470 N / cm 2 (60 to 150 kg / cm 2 ).
  • a chamfer can also be embossed on the side edges of panels which have no deep embossing.
  • the embossing is carried out under high pressure and leads to a deformation of the decorative and synthetic resin or lacquer layer and the underlying wood-based panel. Subsequent sealing of the chamfer surface is not necessary because the decorative and synthetic resin or lacquer layer is not removed. The costs for a subsequent sealing of the chamfer surface are eliminated and the production costs can be reduced.
  • the embossing rollers have a corresponding profile for chamfering on the sides.
  • the radiation-curable lacquer used can be the previously described electron-beam-curable lacquer.
  • a device for producing a panel, in particular a wall, ceiling or floor panel, from split wood-based panels with side edges, which have a decor on the top and / or bottom, which is coated with a heat-activated resin or a radiation-curable lacquer, and in which the structure of the panel made of wood-based panel, decor and resin or lacquer layer is pressed together with at least one embossing roller and at least one counter-pressure roller is characterized in that the embossing roller can be heated to a temperature of 200 to 500 ° C and that a structure with a depth of up to 500 microns in the heat-activatable resin or lacquer layer on the top and / or bottom of an inserted between the embossing roller and the platen roller panel with a pressure of 196 to 1470 N / cm 2 (20 to 150 kg / cm 2 ) can be imprinted.
  • the rollers, embossing and counter-pressure roller panel width and correspond in the extent of a panel length. This ensures that the embossed pattern does not repeat on a panel.
  • such narrow rollers can be produced within a very short time and can be changed easily. Thus, production and investment costs can be kept low.
  • the embossing of already embossed panels for example, a Have synchronous pore, obtained in a subsequent embossing means of the heated embossing roll, so that two superimposed embossed images can be generated, which can complement each other.
  • the platen roller may have a pattern or a surface roughness to prevent slippage of the panel due to the high pressure.
  • this pattern may be a herringbone pattern, but a three-dimensional logo, such as a company logo, may be used to increase roughness.
  • a multiplicity of different structures can be embossed into the surface of panels.
  • surfaces can be created with a handscraped design or tile joints and tile surfaces, embossed V-joints or rolls of different sizes with different radii irregular V-joints as well as deep syn-chronporen and the imitation of signs of age or wear of wood surfaces and last company logos or lettering on the bottom or top of the panels.
  • a generic panel is characterized in that the structure at least partially has a depth of 500 microns and at least the surface of the top is high gloss.
  • High gloss means here that the gloss level is greater than or equal to 85 units (measurement according to EN ISO 2813) at an angle of 60 °.
  • the decor can have a wood, tile or fantasy pattern. These patterns can be enhanced by the imprinting of particularly deep structures in their authentic effect.
  • the decor or the decorative layer may consist of at least one layer, which is executed or applied either as a resin-impregnated paper or in a direct printing process.
  • the structure is executed decorsynchronously.
  • the structure can be embossed both in the top and in the bottom of the panel.
  • FIG. 1 shows the method for producing a panel 1, in particular a floor panel with side edges I, II, III, IV, which has a decor on the top 2 and is coated with a heat-activatable resin. Decor and synthetic resin layer have been pressed together.
  • the panel 1 is inserted between the embossing roller 4, which has a temperature of about 350 ° C, and the platen roller 5.
  • the embossing roll 4 By the embossing roll 4, a pressure of 1175 N / cm 2 (120 kg / cm 2 ) is applied to the top 2 of the panel 1. Due to the heated embossing roll 4, the heat-activatable synthetic resin is activated on the upper side 2 of the panel 1 and the high pressure causes a so-called hand-scraped design to be impressed in the upper side of the panels 1.
  • the feed of the panel 1 is realized by the counter-pressure roller 5, which presses against the underside 3 of the panel 1 and has a herringbone pattern to increase the surface roughness. Due to the high embossing temperature, the heat-activatable synthetic resin layer of melamine is melted on the surface and can thus be subsequently deformed. The embossing of the structure takes place here both in the melamine resin layer and in the underlying wood material.
  • FIG. 2 shows the inventive method after FIG. 1 with the difference that instead of a wood structure in handscraped design a fantasy pattern with tile joints in the top 2 of the panel 1 by means of an embossing roller 4 is impressed.
  • the process does not change if, instead of a heat-activatable synthetic resin, a heat-activatable, radiation-curable, in particular electron-beam-curing lacquer is used.
  • the panel 1 is provided with mutually corresponding spring / groove profiles with integrated locking means for releasably connecting adjacent panels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau (1), en particulier d'un panneau mural, d'un panneau de plafond ou d'un panneau de plancher, à base de plaques de matériau dérivé du bois découpées ayant des arêtes latérales (I, II, III, IV) et qui présentent sur la face supérieure et/ou la face inférieure (2, 3) un décor qui est recouvert d'une résine synthétique activable à la chaleur ou d'une laque durcissable par rayonnement, et la construction formée de la plaque de matériau dérivé du bois, du décor et de la couche de résine synthétique ou de laque est compressée ensemble au moyen d'au moins un cylindre de moletage (4) et au moins un cylindre de contre-pression (5), avec les étapes suivantes :
    - chauffage du cylindre de moletage (4) à une température de 200 à 500°C,
    - introduction du panneau (1) entre cylindre de moletage (4) et un cylindre de contre-pression (5),
    - estampage d'une structure d'une profondeur allant jusqu'à 500 µm dans la couche de laque ou de résine synthétique activable à la chaleur, sur la face supérieure et/ou inférieure (2) du panneau (1), avec une pression de 196 à 1470 N/cm2 (20 à 150 kg/cm2).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on estampe dans des panneaux (1) des structures à décor synchrone.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on agence plusieurs cylindres de moletage (4) les uns derrière les autres et on estampe différentes structures dans les panneaux (1).
  4. Procédé selon l'une une plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on estampe avec le cylindre de moletage (4) des chanfreins sur au moins une arête latérale (I, II, III, IV) des panneaux (1).
  5. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on refroidit les panneaux (1) après l'estampage par des cylindres.
  6. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on estampe avec le cylindre de moletage des panneaux (1) déjà estampés.
  7. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique la couche de résine synthétique par un ou plusieurs processus de pression.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique la couche de résine synthétique avec un poids surfacique d'environ 200 à 300 g/m2.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique une couche de résine mélaminique.
  10. Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau, en particulier d'un panneau mural, d'un panneau de plafond ou d'un panneau de plancher, à base de plaques de matériau dérivé du bois découpées ayant des arêtes latérales (I, II, III, IV) et qui présentent sur la face supérieure et/ou la face inférieure (2, 3) un décor qui est recouvert d'une résine synthétique activable à la chaleur ou d'une laque durcissable par rayonnement, et la construction formé de la plaque de matériau dérivé du bois, du décor et de la couche de résine synthétique ou de laque est compressée ensemble au moyen d'au moins un cylindre de moletage (4) et au moins un cylindre de contre-pression (5), avec les étapes suivantes :
    - chauffage du cylindre de moletage (4) à une température de 200 à 500°C,
    - introduction du panneau (1) entre cylindre de moletage (4) et un cylindre de contre-pression (5),
    - estampage par le cylindre de moletage d'au moins un chanfrein sur au moins une arête latérale (I, II, III, IV) du panneau (1), avec une pression de 196 à 1470 N/cm2 (20 à 150 kg/cm2).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la température est de 250°C.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la structure présente une profondeur de 250 µm.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 1, 10 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que la structure présente une profondeur d'au moins 80 µm.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la pression linéique est de 590 à 1470 N/cm2 (60 à 150 kg/cm2).
  15. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de passage est de 10 à 60 m/min.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de passage est de 30 m/min.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la couche de laque est durcissable par rayonnement électronique.
  18. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la structure est estampée dans la face supérieure (2) et la face inférieure (3).
  19. Dispositif de fabrication d'un panneau (1), en particulier d'un panneau mural, d'un panneau de plafond ou d'un panneau de plancher, à base de plaques de matériau dérivé du bois découpées ayant des arêtes latérales (I, II, III, IV) et qui présentent sur la face supérieure et/ou la face inférieure (2, 3) un décor qui est recouvert d'une résine synthétique activable à la chaleur ou d'une laque durcissable par rayonnement, et dans lequel la construction formée du panneau à base de plaque de matériau dérivé du bois, du décor et de la couche de résine synthétique ou de laque est compressée ensemble, comprenant au moins un cylindre de moletage (4) et au moins un cylindre de contre-pression (5), caractérisé en ce que le cylindre de moletage (4) peut être chauffé à une température de 200 à 500°C, et présente une structure, de sorte qu'une structure d'une profondeur allant jusqu'à 500 µm peut être estampée avec une pression de 196 à 1470 N/cm2 (20 à 150 kg/cm2), dans la couche de laque ou de résine synthétique activable à la chaleur, sur la face supérieure et/ou inférieure d'un panneau introduit entre cylindre de moletage (4) et un cylindre de contre-pression (5).
  20. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que la largeur du cylindre de moletage (4) correspond à la largeur de panneau.
  21. Dispositif selon la revendication 19 ou 20, caractérisé en ce que le périmètre du cylindre de moletage (4) correspond à la longueur du panneau.
  22. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, 20 ou 21, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre de contre-pression (5) présente un motif, en particulier un motif en arête de poisson ou un logo tridimensionnel.
EP07009019A 2006-05-24 2007-05-04 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un panneau Active EP1859912B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07009019T PL1859912T3 (pl) 2006-05-24 2007-05-04 Sposób i urządzenie do wytwarzania paneli

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006024305A DE102006024305B3 (de) 2006-05-24 2006-05-24 Paneel und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Paneels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1859912A1 EP1859912A1 (fr) 2007-11-28
EP1859912B1 true EP1859912B1 (fr) 2009-08-05

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Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20070275169A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1859912B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE438490T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102006024305B3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2329180T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1859912T3 (fr)

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PL1859912T3 (pl) 2009-12-31
ES2329180T3 (es) 2009-11-23
ATE438490T1 (de) 2009-08-15
DE102006024305B3 (de) 2007-10-25
US20070275169A1 (en) 2007-11-29
EP1859912A1 (fr) 2007-11-28
DE502007001218D1 (de) 2009-09-17

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