EP2218520B1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une surface structurée - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une surface structurée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2218520B1
EP2218520B1 EP10158405.0A EP10158405A EP2218520B1 EP 2218520 B1 EP2218520 B1 EP 2218520B1 EP 10158405 A EP10158405 A EP 10158405A EP 2218520 B1 EP2218520 B1 EP 2218520B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
coat
workpiece
varnish
wood grain
Prior art date
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EP10158405.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2218520A3 (fr
EP2218520A2 (fr
Inventor
Horst-Dieter Öchler
Raimund Hagspiel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Hymmen GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Original Assignee
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Theodor Hymmen KG
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Application filed by Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG, Theodor Hymmen KG filed Critical Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Priority to PL10158405T priority Critical patent/PL2218520T3/pl
Publication of EP2218520A2 publication Critical patent/EP2218520A2/fr
Publication of EP2218520A3 publication Critical patent/EP2218520A3/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles
    • B05C1/025—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles to flat rectangular articles, e.g. flat sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • B05C1/086—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line a pool of coating material being formed between a roller, e.g. a dosing roller and an element cooperating therewith
    • B05C1/0865—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line a pool of coating material being formed between a roller, e.g. a dosing roller and an element cooperating therewith the cooperating element being a roller, e.g. a coating roller
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B05D5/061—Special surface effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
    • B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2203/00—Other substrates
    • B05D2203/20—Wood or similar material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/544—No clear coat specified the first layer is let to dry at least partially before applying the second layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/584—No clear coat specified at least some layers being let to dry, at least partially, before applying the next layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material for use as a floor covering or furniture part.
  • the invention finds application in workpieces made of wood-based materials, in particular made of chipboard, medium-density fiberboard (MDF), high-density fibreboard (HDF), hardboard and Oriented Strand Board plates (OSB boards).
  • MDF medium-density fiberboard
  • HDF high-density fibreboard
  • OSB boards Oriented Strand Board plates
  • the thickness of the workpiece is not a limiting feature.
  • the workpiece may be formed as a thin, a few millimeters thick MDF board.
  • the workpiece can be several centimeters thick. The condition is in each case only that a coating can be applied and the workpiece is manageable.
  • a structured lacquer surface is therefore used for plate-shaped workpieces that are used in the area of floors or furniture parts.
  • the surface to be painted is initially primed in a cost effective manner after appropriate pretreatment, then printed with a decor and finally provided with a transparent sealing layer.
  • the applied layers can be composed of several layers, for example one To realize multi-color printing or a particularly strong sealing layer.
  • the sealing layer consists of a curable lacquer, in this case is referred to below by a sealing lacquer.
  • the workpiece Between the processing steps for applying the various layers, the workpiece usually passes through so-called drying tunnels, in which an at least partial crosslinking of the layers is brought about by the action of heat and / or radiation energy.
  • the curing and possibly drying is carried out in the usual way by means of UV radiation or by electron radiation.
  • heat radiation techniques are also known.
  • the sealing layer can be patterned. These structures can be matched to the decor, for example, a surface with wood decor usually a pore structure is obtained.
  • the process referred to as "chemical pore” uses printing inks or release agents which, due to their wetting properties, cause sealing layers applied to them to tend to flow out, forming a less thick or no sealing layer and thus forming a coating in the hardened state of the coating Structure yields.
  • the release agent can even cause a displacement of the subsequently applied sealing lacquer, which bursts on subsequent hardening, so that the desired pore structure forms as cracks in the surface.
  • a "mechanical pore” is obtained by only partially crosslinking after application of the sealing layer and then pressing in the desired structure before the final curing of the layer with the aid of an embossing roller or a structured press belt.
  • Both of these methods can be optically and haptically achieve only unsatisfactory structures in coated surfaces.
  • the Tracheenabitese are so deepened, which corresponds to the appearance of real wood flooring, because in real wood planks are the hollows of the grain through the formed by the trachea tubes (ie, cut tubes in the form of pores and grooves).
  • the decorative material thus has a positive surface structure as a result.
  • the present invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method and a device with which an improved structure in a coated surface can be achieved in an economical manner.
  • the method according to the invention in which a wood decoration is printed on the surface of the workpiece, and in which an at least partially optically transparent first coating of lacquer is applied to the surface of the workpiece following the wood decoration, is characterized in that by means of a digital application device on the first coating, an at least partially optically transparent second coating of lacquer is applied with a spatially varying distribution of the application amount in such a way that the second coating forms a negative surface structure, in the actually imitate as depressions Surface structures of the wood decor are formed as elevations.
  • the structure need not be introduced into an existing layer, in particular an at least partially cured layer, but rather that the surface structure can be produced by a specifically varying application of a second coating. Due to the varying application rate of the second coating, a surface structure is created which haptically and / or visually gives the viewer an impression that corresponds to a surface texture to be imitated.
  • Spatially varying application quantity generally means that the application quantity of the second coating is not uniformly distributed over the surface to be coated, but that zones or areas with a higher order quantity and zones or areas with less or no application quantity are provided. Since the application of the method is not limited to two-dimensional surfaces, it is generally understood to be spatial, i. spoken three-dimensional distribution.
  • the first coating is a full-surface coating, which thus also has, in particular, sealing properties for the surface of the carrier material of the workpiece arranged underneath.
  • first coating and a second coating.
  • first Coating and second coating can themselves each consist of at least two separately applied layers or partial layers.
  • a second coating may consist of two or more partial layers whose structurings overlap and / or supplement one another.
  • a wood surface may be imitated or imitated by a correspondingly colored decoration of a print layer arranged below the first and second coating and by a structuring of the second coating adapted to the wood decor.
  • the varying distribution of the application quantity of the second coating preferably has a linear structure, which is particularly typical of the surface structure of a wooden surface.
  • the varying distribution of the application amount of the second coating may have a sheet-like structure, which is optionally also connected to a linear structure.
  • the surface structure of the second coating can be produced as a negative surface structure.
  • the surface structures which are actually to be reproduced as a depression, for example pores, are formed as elevations.
  • This structure whose grandeur is, for example, below 1 mm, in particular below 0.5 mm, can be from a human hand and / or optically not from a structure with depressions be differentiated.
  • a negative surface structure is generated in particular by a line structure.
  • An advantage of the negative, ie raised pore lies in the better hygiene properties of the surfaces compared to a recessed pore surface. Because of the raised structures much worse impurities can accumulate, as it is the case with depressions. In particular, because of the small size of the pores recessed pore structures, as they are known in laminate flooring panels, very poor or not cleaned. Therefore, plates with negative, raised pores are very suitable for use in rooms with special hygiene requirements.
  • the thickness of the structures of the second coating is below 0.1 mm.
  • thicknesses in the range of less than 0.01 mm or even 0.005 mm are possible. Even these small thicknesses are recognized as a textured surface.
  • the surface structure can be configured positively, wherein raised surface parts actually represent surface elevations to be imitated.
  • the surface structure is produced with a planar surface structure which, if appropriate, leaves open linear intermediate spaces, which then appear, for example, as pores.
  • the spatially varying distribution of the application amount is designed so that in the areas in which a survey is to be formed, a maximum coating amount is applied, while in the areas where no survey is to be formed, no coating is applied.
  • This type of order is particularly suitable for a replica of a wooden surface.
  • Further embodiments are interposed in that, instead of the maximum or minimum coating, average coating values are selected. This embodiment can be used in particular for a replica of a stone surface for tiles.
  • the second coating is preferably at least partially cured after application. It is further preferred to minimize the time interval between application of the second coating and curing.
  • the paint can be provided with nanoparticles in order to have a particularly good sealing property.
  • the abrasion resistance of the lacquer layer, which results from the addition of the nanoparticles, is particularly beneficial for surfaces which are exposed to heavy loads. This applies in particular to floor panels.
  • the first coating is also applied as a sealing lacquer, so that the two coatings represent a seal of the surface arranged thereunder.
  • the sealing coat of the first coating is between 65% and 95%, in particular hardened to 85% before the second coating is applied. On the one hand, this degree of curing makes it possible for the second sealing lacquer layer to bond well with the first sealing lacquer layer. On the other hand, a good durability of the applied structure of the second coating is achieved so that it does not melt.
  • the color of the second coating can be chosen differently from the color of the first coating in order to emphasize the visual impression of the structured surface.
  • the second coating is applied as a pigmented UV-curable lacquer to adjust the gloss level and / or the color of the second coating.
  • a UV light source is required for suitable curing, particularly good effects are achieved in this embodiment of the method.
  • a digital application device for applying the second coating.
  • a digital application device means that the device can deliver the sealing lacquer to the surface of the workpiece individually controllable.
  • a jet printing technique can be used, which is particularly widespread in so-called inkjet printers.
  • this jet technique small liquid droplets are generated by separately controllable nozzles, which are sprayed onto the surface in a narrow grid.
  • the digital application device can use the so-called laser printing technology.
  • a roll surface is prepared by means of a laser beam so that the roll surface receives the sealing coat only at predetermined locations, to then release it to the surface of the workpiece again.
  • means for generating a dot distribution for controlling the digital application device can be provided.
  • the structure to be applied by the digital application device can be predetermined by means of a point distribution.
  • These means are preferably a computer or memory elements in which the point distributions are calculated or read out and processed.
  • an optical scanning device for detecting the surface pattern of the workpiece.
  • the scanning device can be designed as a scanner, line camera or area camera and fulfills the purpose of continuously or partially detect the surface of the workpiece. This surface information is transmitted to the computer, which then calculates a dot distribution to be generated from the measured values of the optical scanning device.
  • a time delay can be calculated from the speed of movement of the workpiece to be processed relative to the scanning device and the distance to the digital application device. It can thus be achieved that the optically detectable structure of the surface of the workpiece and the haptically detectable surface of the second coating coincide at least in sections. This structure is also referred to below as a synchronous pore.
  • the surface of the workpiece below the two described coatings can be coated in many ways.
  • the different application quantities in the sealing layer are chosen in coordination with the decoration, a structure can be achieved which corresponds to the decoration. For example, it is thus possible to provide a surface which has a wood decor with a coordinated pore structure. The material to be represented by the decor is thereby imitated improved. One can also speak of a so-called synchronous pore. It is provided that the first coating and the second coating are at least partially transparent, so that the underlying decor remains recognizable by the two coatings.
  • UV-curing lacquers are used for the lacquer coating described above. But there are also all other coatings for the application of the method according to the invention applicable, as far as these can be used to meet the requirements placed on the finished workpiece surface, such as scratch resistance, abrasion resistance or adhesive strength.
  • the coating materials used can be provided with various additives and fillers.
  • hard particles can be provided in order to improve the scratch and abrasion resistance or so-called UV absorbers, which prevent premature yellowing of the surface.
  • the above-indicated technical problem is solved according to the invention by a device having the features of claim 12.
  • the apparatus comprises at least one processing station for printing on a wooden decoration, a processing station for applying a first coating of lacquer to the surface of the plate-shaped workpiece following the wood decoration, and a digital application device for direct printing of an at least partially optically transparent second coating Lacquer on the first coating, which applies the second coating with a spatially varying distribution of the application amount to the first coating in such a way that the second coating forms a negative surface structure, are actually formed as depressions to be reproduced surface structures of the wood decor as elevations.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a schematic form an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a workpiece, which in the present case is designed as a plate 2.
  • a plurality of plates 2 are arranged on a conveyor belt 4, which are individually fed sequentially to different processing stations.
  • the conveying direction is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow and runs from left to right.
  • a large-area workpiece or an endlessly produced workpiece can be processed, which is divided into individual plates 2 after the processing described below.
  • processing stations 6 and 8 have in common that with them in each case a coating is applied.
  • the two coatings consist of a same paint.
  • a first substantially full-surface coating is applied from a lacquer.
  • the processing station on an applicator roll 10, which applies a uniform layer of paint on the surface of the plates 2.
  • the applied coating is at least partially dried and cured.
  • the post-processing device 12 can cause the drying and curing, for example by means of a hot air flow or by means of electromagnetic radiation, in particular UV radiation.
  • the post-processing device 12 corresponding means for generating the hot air flow or the radiation.
  • a coating of a paint is applied directly by means of an applicator roll 14, wherein the order quantity varies spatially.
  • the spatial structuring of the lacquer layer is produced in particular by a gravure roll, in the surface of which different sections having different levels are formed.
  • the surface of a gravure roll is processed by means of pricking or engraving in order to produce individual recesses, so-called wells, usually in rhombic form, with different depths.
  • a varnish is applied, which is taken up in the depressions, in order to be partially dispensed from the depressions onto the surface of the medium during the transfer to another medium.
  • the last applied coating is then at least partially cured, so that the spatially different structuring is fixed before it compensates again due to bleeding. In this curing step, it may also come to a possibly incomplete curing of the arranged underneath, applied in the first processing station 6 coating.
  • the two paint layers consist of the same paint, as this facilitates the bonding of the two coatings.
  • different composition of the two coatings can be chosen, for example, to emphasize and enhance the surface effects of structuring.
  • the differences may be, for example, the gloss level.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a plate 2, in which instead of the applicator roll arrangement described above, a digital application device 30 is provided for applying the second coating.
  • a jet printing technique is used, which is particularly widespread in so-called inkjet printers.
  • Fig. 5 below the applicator a short dash is drawn in which indicates the row of droplet jets. In this case, it is assumed that the applicator device applies the paint line by line transversely to the direction of movement of the plate 2. Likewise, it is also possible to apply a droplet to each surface in order to increase the speed of application.
  • a computer 31 as a means for generating a dot distribution for controlling the digital application device is connected to the application device 30.
  • the computer 31 prepares digital control information and transmits it to the application device.
  • the post-processing device 32 adjoins the digital application device in order to dry and at least partially cure the previously applied second coating.
  • an optical scanning device 34 is advantageously provided to detect the surface pattern of the surface of the plate 2 or possibly the first coating.
  • the optical pickup detects the surface and transmits the acquired data to the computer 31.
  • the computer 31 calculates from the measurements of the optical pickup 34 to be generated point distribution. This is then applied with the digital applicator 30 as a second coating.
  • the optical scanning device can be designed as a scanner, as a line camera or as an area camera. In any case, the aim is that the optical scanning device detects the surface with a resolution or evaluates the recorded data with a resolution with which the digital application device is to apply the structured second coating.
  • the digital application device 30 applies the structured second coating to the surface in such a way that the surface structure coincides with the optical pattern at least partially matches.
  • a synchronous haptic and optical surface design of the plate 2 can be achieved in this way.
  • Fig. 1 is further shown that the surface of the plates 2 are provided before applying the two coatings described above by means of the processing stations 6 and 8 by means of two further processing stations 18 and 20, each with a coating.
  • This can be in particular lacquer layers with which a two-tone surface, a decor is produced.
  • the processing stations 18 and 20 are more similar As previously described, applicators and finishing devices are described without further elaboration thereof.
  • the pre-painting represents a particularly preferred embodiment, because the surfaces produced therewith are completely painted and can thus be produced in a plant.
  • a further embodiment of the device consists in that the two processing stations 18 and 20 apply a surface-varying pattern, for example a wood decoration.
  • the two applicator rollers of the processing stations 18 and 20 are synchronized in order to apply matching and complementary color patterns.
  • the gravure roller 14 is provided with a surface engraving whose image also coincides with the applied by the processing stations 18 and 20 printed images.
  • the rotation of the gravure roller 14 is synchronized with the rotation of the applicator rollers of the processing stations 18 and 20 such that the spatially varying distribution of the second coating coincides with the printed image applied by the processing stations 18 and 20.
  • a synchronized with the printed pattern varying distribution of the top coat layer such as a pore structure suitable for wood decor can be achieved.
  • Fig. 3a and 3b show a first embodiment of a structured surface of a plate 2.
  • a first coating 22 of a paint or other material has been applied over the entire surface.
  • a second coating 24 has also been applied, which has a spatially varying distribution of the application amount.
  • the variation in this case means a pore structure that is intended, for example, to imitate a wood decor.
  • the pores are formed as elongated recesses 26, as is apparent in particular from the enlargement in Fig. 6b.
  • the second coating 24 thus consists of the areas that are not formed as a recess.
  • the pores 26 are shown in this schematic representation substantially rectangular in cross-section with slightly rounded edges. In practice, however, a distribution which differs more clearly from the rectangular shape may occur, since the regions of the second coating 24 in the edge regions of the recesses 26 partially dissolve before being cured. Rounded corners are therefore to be expected at real recesses 26.
  • a pore structure in which the pores actually represent depressions in the coating 24.
  • Such a structure can also be called a positive surface structure.
  • the Fig. 4a to 4c show a similar surface structure of a second coating 24, in which the pores are formed as elevations 28.
  • a surface structure can therefore be called a negative surface structure.
  • the actually to be expected as a depression pores are formed as elevations.
  • the size of the structures is so small that in a normal viewing by a user the negative surface structure can not be distinguished from a positive surface structure.
  • the second coating 24 thus consists of the areas that have been applied as elevations, that is, for example, as negative pores.
  • the surface coverage of the second coating is therefore considerably lower than in the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 3a and 3b ,
  • FIG. 4b shows in an enlargement the cross-sectional shape of the negative pore.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the pore is shown with rounded edges. This form is to be expected if the applied paint partially dissolves before curing to the forming edges.
  • Fig. 4b shows a continuous course of the survey or the negative pore 28th Fig. 4c In contrast, shows a present within the applied negative pore 28 substructure.
  • This substructure consists of individual spaced individual elevations 29, which arise due to the application techniques described above.
  • this substructure can be formed when applied by means of an embossed or engraved roll shell surface, ie if the surface is a single well each having the adhesive paint. Because the wells are spaced, the dispensed droplets of paint are also spaced on the first coating 22, thus leading to the substructure.
  • Fig. 5 shows by way of example a geometric pattern of the spatially varying distribution of the application amount of the second coating.
  • the illustrated pattern is a diamond pattern that has recessed and raised diamonds. With this form of spatial distribution it can not be distinguished between a negative or a positive structure, that there are as many raised as well as recessed areas.
  • the method is based on the principle of the known light-section method with optical triangulation, whereby a relative movement of measuring cell and measuring object is assumed.
  • the mode of operation consists of illuminating the surface area to be measured with a suitable light source (laser) and using a surface camera to capture the light stripe imaged on the object.
  • the surface normals of the illumination and the camera are tilted at a triangulation angle to each other.
  • the camera then sees the projection line as a contour line reproducing the contour of the test object, from whose coordinates and the associated positions a three-dimensional profile can be calculated.
  • the resolution of the known techniques achieves an accuracy in the vertical direction of less than 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • the structured surface of the second coating can be examined and analyzed.
  • an analysis of the surface structures by means of microscopes is possible.

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une surface structurée sur une pièce à usiner (2) en forme de plaque, en matériau dérivé du bois, destinée à être utilisée comme revêtement de sol ou comme élément de meuble,
    - dans lequel un motif décoratif imitant le bois est imprimé sur la surface de la pièce à usiner (2), et
    - dans lequel, à la suite du motif décoratif imitant le bois, est appliqué, sur la surface de la pièce à usiner (2), un premier revêtement (22) de laque, qui présente, au moins partiellement, une transparence optique,
    caractérisé en ce que, au moyen d'un dispositif d'application numérique (30), un deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué sur le premier revêtement, la quantité appliquée étant répartie de sorte que le deuxième revêtement (24) forme une structure superficielle négative, dans laquelle les structures superficielles de surface du motif décoratif imitant le bois, devant en fait former des creux, sont réalisées sous la forme de reliefs (28).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le degré de brillance du deuxième revêtement diffère du degré de brillance du premier revêtement (22).
  3. Procédé selon revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué en tant que laque de vitrification pigmentée, pouvant être soumise à un durcissement UV, pour régler le degré de brillance et/ou la couleur du deuxième revêtement.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est durci après son application.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué selon un procédé d'imprimerie au jet de gouttelettes ou selon un procédé d'imprimerie au laser.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué selon une répartition de points prédéterminée.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué selon une répartition de points aléatoire.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    - dans lequel le motif de la surface de la pièce à usiner (2) ou du premier revêtement (22) est saisi au moyen d'un dispositif de balayage optique (34),
    - dans lequel une répartition de points devant être générée est calculée à partir des valeurs de mesure du dispositif de balayage optique (34), et
    - dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué au moyen du dispositif d'application numérique (30), conformément à la répartition de points calculée.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel, avant l'application du premier revêtement (22), l'un ou plusieurs des revêtements suivants sont appliqués sur la surface :
    - un revêtement d'agent adhésif, qui comprend au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement de fond, qui comprend au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement de base appliqué au rouleau, qui comprend au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement obtenu par impression, qui comprend au moins une couche et représente un motif décoratif,
    - un revêtement de laque à teneur en corindon, qui comprend au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement de laque à poncer, qui comprend au moins une couche.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel la quantité d'application du deuxième revêtement (24) est réglée de sorte que l'épaisseur des structures du deuxième revêtement soit située au-dessous de 0,1 mm.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué selon une répartition, qui est adaptée au motif décoratif imitant le bois devant être imprimé.
  12. Dispositif pour la réalisation d'une surface structurée sur une pièce à usiner (2) en forme de plaque, en matériau dérivé du bois, destinée à être utilisée comme revêtement de sol ou comme élément de meuble,
    - avec au moins une station de traitement (18, 20) pour imprimer un motif décoratif imitant le bois, et
    - avec une station de traitement (6) pour appliquer, sur la surface de la pièce à usiner (2) en forme de plaque, un premier revêtement (22) de laque, qui présente, au moins partiellement, une transparence optique,
    caractérisé par un dispositif d'application numérique (30) pour appliquer directement, sur le premier revêtement (22) de laque, un deuxième revêtement (24) de laque, qui présente, au moins partiellement, une transparente optique, lequel dispositif applique le deuxième revêtement (24) sur le premier revêtement (22) de laque, la quantité appliquée étant répartie de sorte que le deuxième revêtement (24) forme une structure superficielle négative, dans laquelle les structures superficielles de surface du motif décoratif imitant le bois, devant de fait former des creux, sont réalisées en forme de reliefs (28).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'application numérique (30) est une imprimante à jet d'encre ou une imprimante au laser.
  14. Dispositif selon revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que des moyens, destinés à générer une répartition de points, sont prévus pour la commande du dispositif d'application numérique (30).
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que
    - un dispositif de balayage optique (34) est prévu pour la saisie du motif de la surface de la pièce à usiner (2), et que
    - les moyens, destinés à générer la répartition de points, calculent, à partir des valeurs de mesure du dispositif de balayage optique (34), une répartition de points devant être effectuée.
EP10158405.0A 2004-10-05 2004-12-02 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une surface structurée Active EP2218520B1 (fr)

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PL2218520T3 (pl) 2013-11-29
ES2425197T3 (es) 2013-10-14
WO2006037644A2 (fr) 2006-04-13
ES2545665T3 (es) 2015-09-14
PL1645339T3 (pl) 2015-12-31
RU2007116965A (ru) 2008-11-20
EP1645339A1 (fr) 2006-04-12
EP2218520A3 (fr) 2011-03-02
EP1645339B1 (fr) 2015-07-08
DE202004018710U1 (de) 2005-03-10
RU2356639C2 (ru) 2009-05-27
EP2218520A2 (fr) 2010-08-18

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