EP2218520B1 - Method and device for producing a structured surface - Google Patents
Method and device for producing a structured surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2218520B1 EP2218520B1 EP10158405.0A EP10158405A EP2218520B1 EP 2218520 B1 EP2218520 B1 EP 2218520B1 EP 10158405 A EP10158405 A EP 10158405A EP 2218520 B1 EP2218520 B1 EP 2218520B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- coat
- workpiece
- varnish
- wood grain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 28
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- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
- B05C1/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles
- B05C1/025—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles to flat rectangular articles, e.g. flat sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
- B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
- B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
- B05C1/086—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line a pool of coating material being formed between a roller, e.g. a dosing roller and an element cooperating therewith
- B05C1/0865—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line a pool of coating material being formed between a roller, e.g. a dosing roller and an element cooperating therewith the cooperating element being a roller, e.g. a coating roller
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
- B05D5/061—Special surface effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
- B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2203/00—Other substrates
- B05D2203/20—Wood or similar material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/544—No clear coat specified the first layer is let to dry at least partially before applying the second layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/584—No clear coat specified at least some layers being let to dry, at least partially, before applying the next layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
- B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
- B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material for use as a floor covering or furniture part.
- the invention finds application in workpieces made of wood-based materials, in particular made of chipboard, medium-density fiberboard (MDF), high-density fibreboard (HDF), hardboard and Oriented Strand Board plates (OSB boards).
- MDF medium-density fiberboard
- HDF high-density fibreboard
- OSB boards Oriented Strand Board plates
- the thickness of the workpiece is not a limiting feature.
- the workpiece may be formed as a thin, a few millimeters thick MDF board.
- the workpiece can be several centimeters thick. The condition is in each case only that a coating can be applied and the workpiece is manageable.
- a structured lacquer surface is therefore used for plate-shaped workpieces that are used in the area of floors or furniture parts.
- the surface to be painted is initially primed in a cost effective manner after appropriate pretreatment, then printed with a decor and finally provided with a transparent sealing layer.
- the applied layers can be composed of several layers, for example one To realize multi-color printing or a particularly strong sealing layer.
- the sealing layer consists of a curable lacquer, in this case is referred to below by a sealing lacquer.
- the workpiece Between the processing steps for applying the various layers, the workpiece usually passes through so-called drying tunnels, in which an at least partial crosslinking of the layers is brought about by the action of heat and / or radiation energy.
- the curing and possibly drying is carried out in the usual way by means of UV radiation or by electron radiation.
- heat radiation techniques are also known.
- the sealing layer can be patterned. These structures can be matched to the decor, for example, a surface with wood decor usually a pore structure is obtained.
- the process referred to as "chemical pore” uses printing inks or release agents which, due to their wetting properties, cause sealing layers applied to them to tend to flow out, forming a less thick or no sealing layer and thus forming a coating in the hardened state of the coating Structure yields.
- the release agent can even cause a displacement of the subsequently applied sealing lacquer, which bursts on subsequent hardening, so that the desired pore structure forms as cracks in the surface.
- a "mechanical pore” is obtained by only partially crosslinking after application of the sealing layer and then pressing in the desired structure before the final curing of the layer with the aid of an embossing roller or a structured press belt.
- Both of these methods can be optically and haptically achieve only unsatisfactory structures in coated surfaces.
- the Tracheenabitese are so deepened, which corresponds to the appearance of real wood flooring, because in real wood planks are the hollows of the grain through the formed by the trachea tubes (ie, cut tubes in the form of pores and grooves).
- the decorative material thus has a positive surface structure as a result.
- the present invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method and a device with which an improved structure in a coated surface can be achieved in an economical manner.
- the method according to the invention in which a wood decoration is printed on the surface of the workpiece, and in which an at least partially optically transparent first coating of lacquer is applied to the surface of the workpiece following the wood decoration, is characterized in that by means of a digital application device on the first coating, an at least partially optically transparent second coating of lacquer is applied with a spatially varying distribution of the application amount in such a way that the second coating forms a negative surface structure, in the actually imitate as depressions Surface structures of the wood decor are formed as elevations.
- the structure need not be introduced into an existing layer, in particular an at least partially cured layer, but rather that the surface structure can be produced by a specifically varying application of a second coating. Due to the varying application rate of the second coating, a surface structure is created which haptically and / or visually gives the viewer an impression that corresponds to a surface texture to be imitated.
- Spatially varying application quantity generally means that the application quantity of the second coating is not uniformly distributed over the surface to be coated, but that zones or areas with a higher order quantity and zones or areas with less or no application quantity are provided. Since the application of the method is not limited to two-dimensional surfaces, it is generally understood to be spatial, i. spoken three-dimensional distribution.
- the first coating is a full-surface coating, which thus also has, in particular, sealing properties for the surface of the carrier material of the workpiece arranged underneath.
- first coating and a second coating.
- first Coating and second coating can themselves each consist of at least two separately applied layers or partial layers.
- a second coating may consist of two or more partial layers whose structurings overlap and / or supplement one another.
- a wood surface may be imitated or imitated by a correspondingly colored decoration of a print layer arranged below the first and second coating and by a structuring of the second coating adapted to the wood decor.
- the varying distribution of the application quantity of the second coating preferably has a linear structure, which is particularly typical of the surface structure of a wooden surface.
- the varying distribution of the application amount of the second coating may have a sheet-like structure, which is optionally also connected to a linear structure.
- the surface structure of the second coating can be produced as a negative surface structure.
- the surface structures which are actually to be reproduced as a depression, for example pores, are formed as elevations.
- This structure whose grandeur is, for example, below 1 mm, in particular below 0.5 mm, can be from a human hand and / or optically not from a structure with depressions be differentiated.
- a negative surface structure is generated in particular by a line structure.
- An advantage of the negative, ie raised pore lies in the better hygiene properties of the surfaces compared to a recessed pore surface. Because of the raised structures much worse impurities can accumulate, as it is the case with depressions. In particular, because of the small size of the pores recessed pore structures, as they are known in laminate flooring panels, very poor or not cleaned. Therefore, plates with negative, raised pores are very suitable for use in rooms with special hygiene requirements.
- the thickness of the structures of the second coating is below 0.1 mm.
- thicknesses in the range of less than 0.01 mm or even 0.005 mm are possible. Even these small thicknesses are recognized as a textured surface.
- the surface structure can be configured positively, wherein raised surface parts actually represent surface elevations to be imitated.
- the surface structure is produced with a planar surface structure which, if appropriate, leaves open linear intermediate spaces, which then appear, for example, as pores.
- the spatially varying distribution of the application amount is designed so that in the areas in which a survey is to be formed, a maximum coating amount is applied, while in the areas where no survey is to be formed, no coating is applied.
- This type of order is particularly suitable for a replica of a wooden surface.
- Further embodiments are interposed in that, instead of the maximum or minimum coating, average coating values are selected. This embodiment can be used in particular for a replica of a stone surface for tiles.
- the second coating is preferably at least partially cured after application. It is further preferred to minimize the time interval between application of the second coating and curing.
- the paint can be provided with nanoparticles in order to have a particularly good sealing property.
- the abrasion resistance of the lacquer layer, which results from the addition of the nanoparticles, is particularly beneficial for surfaces which are exposed to heavy loads. This applies in particular to floor panels.
- the first coating is also applied as a sealing lacquer, so that the two coatings represent a seal of the surface arranged thereunder.
- the sealing coat of the first coating is between 65% and 95%, in particular hardened to 85% before the second coating is applied. On the one hand, this degree of curing makes it possible for the second sealing lacquer layer to bond well with the first sealing lacquer layer. On the other hand, a good durability of the applied structure of the second coating is achieved so that it does not melt.
- the color of the second coating can be chosen differently from the color of the first coating in order to emphasize the visual impression of the structured surface.
- the second coating is applied as a pigmented UV-curable lacquer to adjust the gloss level and / or the color of the second coating.
- a UV light source is required for suitable curing, particularly good effects are achieved in this embodiment of the method.
- a digital application device for applying the second coating.
- a digital application device means that the device can deliver the sealing lacquer to the surface of the workpiece individually controllable.
- a jet printing technique can be used, which is particularly widespread in so-called inkjet printers.
- this jet technique small liquid droplets are generated by separately controllable nozzles, which are sprayed onto the surface in a narrow grid.
- the digital application device can use the so-called laser printing technology.
- a roll surface is prepared by means of a laser beam so that the roll surface receives the sealing coat only at predetermined locations, to then release it to the surface of the workpiece again.
- means for generating a dot distribution for controlling the digital application device can be provided.
- the structure to be applied by the digital application device can be predetermined by means of a point distribution.
- These means are preferably a computer or memory elements in which the point distributions are calculated or read out and processed.
- an optical scanning device for detecting the surface pattern of the workpiece.
- the scanning device can be designed as a scanner, line camera or area camera and fulfills the purpose of continuously or partially detect the surface of the workpiece. This surface information is transmitted to the computer, which then calculates a dot distribution to be generated from the measured values of the optical scanning device.
- a time delay can be calculated from the speed of movement of the workpiece to be processed relative to the scanning device and the distance to the digital application device. It can thus be achieved that the optically detectable structure of the surface of the workpiece and the haptically detectable surface of the second coating coincide at least in sections. This structure is also referred to below as a synchronous pore.
- the surface of the workpiece below the two described coatings can be coated in many ways.
- the different application quantities in the sealing layer are chosen in coordination with the decoration, a structure can be achieved which corresponds to the decoration. For example, it is thus possible to provide a surface which has a wood decor with a coordinated pore structure. The material to be represented by the decor is thereby imitated improved. One can also speak of a so-called synchronous pore. It is provided that the first coating and the second coating are at least partially transparent, so that the underlying decor remains recognizable by the two coatings.
- UV-curing lacquers are used for the lacquer coating described above. But there are also all other coatings for the application of the method according to the invention applicable, as far as these can be used to meet the requirements placed on the finished workpiece surface, such as scratch resistance, abrasion resistance or adhesive strength.
- the coating materials used can be provided with various additives and fillers.
- hard particles can be provided in order to improve the scratch and abrasion resistance or so-called UV absorbers, which prevent premature yellowing of the surface.
- the above-indicated technical problem is solved according to the invention by a device having the features of claim 12.
- the apparatus comprises at least one processing station for printing on a wooden decoration, a processing station for applying a first coating of lacquer to the surface of the plate-shaped workpiece following the wood decoration, and a digital application device for direct printing of an at least partially optically transparent second coating Lacquer on the first coating, which applies the second coating with a spatially varying distribution of the application amount to the first coating in such a way that the second coating forms a negative surface structure, are actually formed as depressions to be reproduced surface structures of the wood decor as elevations.
- Fig. 1 shows in a schematic form an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a workpiece, which in the present case is designed as a plate 2.
- a plurality of plates 2 are arranged on a conveyor belt 4, which are individually fed sequentially to different processing stations.
- the conveying direction is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow and runs from left to right.
- a large-area workpiece or an endlessly produced workpiece can be processed, which is divided into individual plates 2 after the processing described below.
- processing stations 6 and 8 have in common that with them in each case a coating is applied.
- the two coatings consist of a same paint.
- a first substantially full-surface coating is applied from a lacquer.
- the processing station on an applicator roll 10, which applies a uniform layer of paint on the surface of the plates 2.
- the applied coating is at least partially dried and cured.
- the post-processing device 12 can cause the drying and curing, for example by means of a hot air flow or by means of electromagnetic radiation, in particular UV radiation.
- the post-processing device 12 corresponding means for generating the hot air flow or the radiation.
- a coating of a paint is applied directly by means of an applicator roll 14, wherein the order quantity varies spatially.
- the spatial structuring of the lacquer layer is produced in particular by a gravure roll, in the surface of which different sections having different levels are formed.
- the surface of a gravure roll is processed by means of pricking or engraving in order to produce individual recesses, so-called wells, usually in rhombic form, with different depths.
- a varnish is applied, which is taken up in the depressions, in order to be partially dispensed from the depressions onto the surface of the medium during the transfer to another medium.
- the last applied coating is then at least partially cured, so that the spatially different structuring is fixed before it compensates again due to bleeding. In this curing step, it may also come to a possibly incomplete curing of the arranged underneath, applied in the first processing station 6 coating.
- the two paint layers consist of the same paint, as this facilitates the bonding of the two coatings.
- different composition of the two coatings can be chosen, for example, to emphasize and enhance the surface effects of structuring.
- the differences may be, for example, the gloss level.
- Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a plate 2, in which instead of the applicator roll arrangement described above, a digital application device 30 is provided for applying the second coating.
- a jet printing technique is used, which is particularly widespread in so-called inkjet printers.
- Fig. 5 below the applicator a short dash is drawn in which indicates the row of droplet jets. In this case, it is assumed that the applicator device applies the paint line by line transversely to the direction of movement of the plate 2. Likewise, it is also possible to apply a droplet to each surface in order to increase the speed of application.
- a computer 31 as a means for generating a dot distribution for controlling the digital application device is connected to the application device 30.
- the computer 31 prepares digital control information and transmits it to the application device.
- the post-processing device 32 adjoins the digital application device in order to dry and at least partially cure the previously applied second coating.
- an optical scanning device 34 is advantageously provided to detect the surface pattern of the surface of the plate 2 or possibly the first coating.
- the optical pickup detects the surface and transmits the acquired data to the computer 31.
- the computer 31 calculates from the measurements of the optical pickup 34 to be generated point distribution. This is then applied with the digital applicator 30 as a second coating.
- the optical scanning device can be designed as a scanner, as a line camera or as an area camera. In any case, the aim is that the optical scanning device detects the surface with a resolution or evaluates the recorded data with a resolution with which the digital application device is to apply the structured second coating.
- the digital application device 30 applies the structured second coating to the surface in such a way that the surface structure coincides with the optical pattern at least partially matches.
- a synchronous haptic and optical surface design of the plate 2 can be achieved in this way.
- Fig. 1 is further shown that the surface of the plates 2 are provided before applying the two coatings described above by means of the processing stations 6 and 8 by means of two further processing stations 18 and 20, each with a coating.
- This can be in particular lacquer layers with which a two-tone surface, a decor is produced.
- the processing stations 18 and 20 are more similar As previously described, applicators and finishing devices are described without further elaboration thereof.
- the pre-painting represents a particularly preferred embodiment, because the surfaces produced therewith are completely painted and can thus be produced in a plant.
- a further embodiment of the device consists in that the two processing stations 18 and 20 apply a surface-varying pattern, for example a wood decoration.
- the two applicator rollers of the processing stations 18 and 20 are synchronized in order to apply matching and complementary color patterns.
- the gravure roller 14 is provided with a surface engraving whose image also coincides with the applied by the processing stations 18 and 20 printed images.
- the rotation of the gravure roller 14 is synchronized with the rotation of the applicator rollers of the processing stations 18 and 20 such that the spatially varying distribution of the second coating coincides with the printed image applied by the processing stations 18 and 20.
- a synchronized with the printed pattern varying distribution of the top coat layer such as a pore structure suitable for wood decor can be achieved.
- Fig. 3a and 3b show a first embodiment of a structured surface of a plate 2.
- a first coating 22 of a paint or other material has been applied over the entire surface.
- a second coating 24 has also been applied, which has a spatially varying distribution of the application amount.
- the variation in this case means a pore structure that is intended, for example, to imitate a wood decor.
- the pores are formed as elongated recesses 26, as is apparent in particular from the enlargement in Fig. 6b.
- the second coating 24 thus consists of the areas that are not formed as a recess.
- the pores 26 are shown in this schematic representation substantially rectangular in cross-section with slightly rounded edges. In practice, however, a distribution which differs more clearly from the rectangular shape may occur, since the regions of the second coating 24 in the edge regions of the recesses 26 partially dissolve before being cured. Rounded corners are therefore to be expected at real recesses 26.
- a pore structure in which the pores actually represent depressions in the coating 24.
- Such a structure can also be called a positive surface structure.
- the Fig. 4a to 4c show a similar surface structure of a second coating 24, in which the pores are formed as elevations 28.
- a surface structure can therefore be called a negative surface structure.
- the actually to be expected as a depression pores are formed as elevations.
- the size of the structures is so small that in a normal viewing by a user the negative surface structure can not be distinguished from a positive surface structure.
- the second coating 24 thus consists of the areas that have been applied as elevations, that is, for example, as negative pores.
- the surface coverage of the second coating is therefore considerably lower than in the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 3a and 3b ,
- FIG. 4b shows in an enlargement the cross-sectional shape of the negative pore.
- the cross-sectional shape of the pore is shown with rounded edges. This form is to be expected if the applied paint partially dissolves before curing to the forming edges.
- Fig. 4b shows a continuous course of the survey or the negative pore 28th Fig. 4c In contrast, shows a present within the applied negative pore 28 substructure.
- This substructure consists of individual spaced individual elevations 29, which arise due to the application techniques described above.
- this substructure can be formed when applied by means of an embossed or engraved roll shell surface, ie if the surface is a single well each having the adhesive paint. Because the wells are spaced, the dispensed droplets of paint are also spaced on the first coating 22, thus leading to the substructure.
- Fig. 5 shows by way of example a geometric pattern of the spatially varying distribution of the application amount of the second coating.
- the illustrated pattern is a diamond pattern that has recessed and raised diamonds. With this form of spatial distribution it can not be distinguished between a negative or a positive structure, that there are as many raised as well as recessed areas.
- the method is based on the principle of the known light-section method with optical triangulation, whereby a relative movement of measuring cell and measuring object is assumed.
- the mode of operation consists of illuminating the surface area to be measured with a suitable light source (laser) and using a surface camera to capture the light stripe imaged on the object.
- the surface normals of the illumination and the camera are tilted at a triangulation angle to each other.
- the camera then sees the projection line as a contour line reproducing the contour of the test object, from whose coordinates and the associated positions a three-dimensional profile can be calculated.
- the resolution of the known techniques achieves an accuracy in the vertical direction of less than 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the structured surface of the second coating can be examined and analyzed.
- an analysis of the surface structures by means of microscopes is possible.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer strukturierten Oberfläche auf einem plattenförmigen Werkstück aus Holzwerkstoff zur Verwendung als Fußbodenbelag oder Möbelteil.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material for use as a floor covering or furniture part.
Die Erfindung findet Anwendung bei Werkstücken aus Holzwerkstoffen, insbesondere hergestellt aus Spanplatten, mitteldichten Faserplatten (MDF-Platten), hochdichten Faserplatten (HDF-Platten), Hartfaserplatten und Oriented Strand Board Platten (OSB-Platten).The invention finds application in workpieces made of wood-based materials, in particular made of chipboard, medium-density fiberboard (MDF), high-density fibreboard (HDF), hardboard and Oriented Strand Board plates (OSB boards).
Die Dicke des Werkstückes ist kein beschränkendes Merkmal. Einerseits kann das Werkstück als dünne, wenige Millimeter dicke MDF-Platte ausgebildet sein. Andererseits kann das Werkstück mehrere Zentimeter dick sein. Die Bedingung ist jeweils nur, dass eine Beschichtung aufgebracht werden kann und das Werkstück handhabbar ist.The thickness of the workpiece is not a limiting feature. On the one hand, the workpiece may be formed as a thin, a few millimeters thick MDF board. On the other hand, the workpiece can be several centimeters thick. The condition is in each case only that a coating can be applied and the workpiece is manageable.
Eine strukturierte Lackoberfläche findet also bei plattenförmigen Werkstücken Anwendung, die im Bereich von Fußböden oder Möbelteilen eingesetzt werden. Dazu wird die zu lackierende Oberfläche in kostengünstiger Weise nach entsprechender Vorbehandlung zunächst grundiert, dann mit einem Dekor bedruckt und abschließend mit einer transparenten Versiegelungsschicht versehen. Die aufgebrachten Schichten können sich je nach gestellten Anforderungen aus mehreren Schichten zusammensetzen, beispielsweise um einen Mehrfarbdruck oder eine besonders feste Versiegelungsschicht zu realisieren. Bevorzugt besteht die Versiegelungsschicht aus einem härtbaren Lack, in diesem Fall wird nachfolgend von einem Versiegelungslack gesprochen.A structured lacquer surface is therefore used for plate-shaped workpieces that are used in the area of floors or furniture parts. For this purpose, the surface to be painted is initially primed in a cost effective manner after appropriate pretreatment, then printed with a decor and finally provided with a transparent sealing layer. Depending on the requirements, the applied layers can be composed of several layers, for example one To realize multi-color printing or a particularly strong sealing layer. Preferably, the sealing layer consists of a curable lacquer, in this case is referred to below by a sealing lacquer.
Zwischen den Verarbeitungsschritten zum Auftragen der verschiedenen Schichten durchläuft das Werkstück in der Regel sogenannte Trockentunnel, in denen eine zumindest teilweise Vernetzung der Schichten durch Einwirkung von Wärme- und/oder Strahlungsenergie herbeigeführt wird. Die Härtung und ggf. Trocknung erfolgt dabei üblicher Weise mittels UV-Strahlung oder durch Elektronenstrahlung. Daneben sind auch Wärmestrahlungstechniken bekannt.Between the processing steps for applying the various layers, the workpiece usually passes through so-called drying tunnels, in which an at least partial crosslinking of the layers is brought about by the action of heat and / or radiation energy. The curing and possibly drying is carried out in the usual way by means of UV radiation or by electron radiation. In addition, heat radiation techniques are also known.
Um den so hergestellten Oberflächen ein authentischeres Aussehen zu verleihen, kann die Versiegelungsschicht strukturiert werden. Diese Strukturen können auf das Dekor abgestimmt sein, so wird beispielsweise eine Oberfläche mit Holzdekor für gewöhnlich eine Porenstruktur erhalten.In order to give the surfaces thus produced a more authentic appearance, the sealing layer can be patterned. These structures can be matched to the decor, for example, a surface with wood decor usually a pore structure is obtained.
Dazu sind zwei wesentliche Verfahren bekannt.For this purpose, two main methods are known.
Das als "chemische Pore" bezeichnete Verfahren benutzt Druckfarben bzw. Trennmittel, die aufgrund ihrer Benetzungseigenschaften bewirken, dass auf sie aufgebrachte Versiegelungsschichten die Tendenz zeigen abzufließen, wodurch sich hier eine weniger dicke oder gar keine Versiegelungsschicht ausbildet und sich damit im ausgehärteten Zustand der Beschichtung eine Struktur ergibt. Das Trennmittel kann sogar ein Verdrängen des nachfolgend aufgetragenen Versiegelungslackes bewirken, der beim anschließenden Härten aufplatzt, so dass sich die gewünschte Porenstruktur als Risse in der Oberfläche bildet.The process referred to as "chemical pore" uses printing inks or release agents which, due to their wetting properties, cause sealing layers applied to them to tend to flow out, forming a less thick or no sealing layer and thus forming a coating in the hardened state of the coating Structure yields. The release agent can even cause a displacement of the subsequently applied sealing lacquer, which bursts on subsequent hardening, so that the desired pore structure forms as cracks in the surface.
Eine "mechanische Pore" wird erhalten, indem nach dem Auftrag der Versiegelungsschicht diese nur teilweise vernetzt wird und dann vor der Endhärtung der Schicht mit Hilfe einer Prägewalze oder eines strukturierten Pressbandes die gewünschte Struktur eingepresst wird.A "mechanical pore" is obtained by only partially crosslinking after application of the sealing layer and then pressing in the desired structure before the final curing of the layer with the aid of an embossing roller or a structured press belt.
Mit beiden der genannten Verfahren lassen sich optisch und haptisch nur unbefriedigende Strukturen in beschichteten Oberflächen erzielen.Both of these methods can be optically and haptically achieve only unsatisfactory structures in coated surfaces.
Die
- ein Trägermaterial mit einem aufgedruckten Holzdekor, welches eine Druckschicht umfasst, deren Farbe und Kontur derjenigen von Tracheen ähnelt;
- eine erste aufgedruckte transparente oder halbtransparente, mattierende Schicht, welche zumindest das Tracheenmuster abdeckt; und
- eine zweite aufgedruckte Schicht, die transparent oder halbtransparent, jedoch glänzend ausgebildet ist und die erste Schicht mit Ausnahme der Tracheenbereiche abdeckt, so dass oberhalb der abgebildeten Tracheen jeweils eine Vertiefung in der Oberfläche des Dekormaterials ausgebildet ist.
- a substrate having a printed wood decor comprising a print layer whose color and contour resembles that of tracheae;
- a first printed transparent or semitransparent matting layer covering at least the tracheal pattern; and
- a second printed layer which is transparent or semitransparent but shiny and covers the first layer with the exception of the tracheal areas, so that in each case one depression is formed in the surface of the decorative material above the depicted trachea.
Die Tracheenabschnitte sind also vertieft ausgebildet, was dem Erscheinungsbild von Echtholzdielen entspricht, denn bei Echtholzdielen sind die Vertiefungen der Maserung durch die von den Tracheen definierten Röhren (d.h. angeschnittenen Röhren in Form von Poren und Rillen) gebildet. Das Dekormaterial weist somit im Ergebnis eine positive Oberflächenstruktur auf.The Tracheenabschnitte are so deepened, which corresponds to the appearance of real wood flooring, because in real wood planks are the hollows of the grain through the formed by the trachea tubes (ie, cut tubes in the form of pores and grooves). The decorative material thus has a positive surface structure as a result.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit dem bzw. der in wirtschaftlicher Weise eine verbesserte Struktur in einer beschichteten Oberfläche erreicht werden kann.The present invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method and a device with which an improved structure in a coated surface can be achieved in an economical manner.
Das zuvor aufgezeigte technische Problem wird zunächst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The above-indicated technical problem is first solved by a method having the features of claim 1.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, beim dem auf die Oberfläche des Werkstückes ein Holzdekor aufgedruckt wird, und bei dem auf das Holzdekor folgend eine zumindest teilweise optisch transparente erste Beschichtung aus Lack auf die Oberfläche des Werkstückes aufgebracht wird, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit Hilfe einer digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung auf die erste Beschichtung eine zumindest teilweise optisch transparente zweite Beschichtung aus Lack mit einer räumlich variierenden Verteilung der Auftragsmenge in der Weise aufgebracht wird, dass die zweite Beschichtung eine negative Oberflächenstruktur bildet, in der eigentlich als Vertiefungen nachzubildende Oberflächenstrukturen des Holzdekors als Erhebungen ausgebildet sind.The method according to the invention, in which a wood decoration is printed on the surface of the workpiece, and in which an at least partially optically transparent first coating of lacquer is applied to the surface of the workpiece following the wood decoration, is characterized in that by means of a digital application device on the first coating, an at least partially optically transparent second coating of lacquer is applied with a spatially varying distribution of the application amount in such a way that the second coating forms a negative surface structure, in the actually imitate as depressions Surface structures of the wood decor are formed as elevations.
Erfindungsgemäß hat sich gezeigt, dass die Struktur nicht in eine bestehende Schicht, insbesondere eine zumindest teilweise ausgehärtete Schicht eingebracht werden muss, sondern dass durch einen gezielt variierenden Auftrag einer zweiten Beschichtung die Oberflächenstruktur hergestellt werden kann. Durch die variierende Auftragsmenge der zweiten Beschichtung wird eine Oberflächenstruktur geschaffen, die haptisch und/oder optisch dem Betrachter einen Eindruck verschafft, der einer zu imitierende Oberflächenbeschaffenheit entspricht.According to the invention, it has been shown that the structure need not be introduced into an existing layer, in particular an at least partially cured layer, but rather that the surface structure can be produced by a specifically varying application of a second coating. Due to the varying application rate of the second coating, a surface structure is created which haptically and / or visually gives the viewer an impression that corresponds to a surface texture to be imitated.
Räumlich variierende Auftragsmenge bedeutet dabei allgemein, dass die Auftragsmenge der zweiten Beschichtung nicht gleichmäßig über die zu beschichtende Oberfläche verteilt ist, sondern dass Zonen bzw. Bereiche mit höherer Auftragsmenge und Zonen bzw. Bereiche mit geringerer oder keiner Auftragsmenge vorgesehen sind. Da die Anwendung des Verfahrens nicht auf zweidimensionale Oberflächen beschränkt ist, wird allgemein von einer räumlichen, d.h. dreidimensionalen Verteilung gesprochen.Spatially varying application quantity generally means that the application quantity of the second coating is not uniformly distributed over the surface to be coated, but that zones or areas with a higher order quantity and zones or areas with less or no application quantity are provided. Since the application of the method is not limited to two-dimensional surfaces, it is generally understood to be spatial, i. spoken three-dimensional distribution.
Nicht notwendig, aber bevorzugt ist es weiterhin, dass die erste Beschichtung eine vollflächige Beschichtung ist, die somit insbesondere auch Versiegelungseigenschaften für die darunter angeordnete Oberfläche des Trägermaterials des Werkstückes aufweist.Not necessary, but preferably it is further preferred that the first coating is a full-surface coating, which thus also has, in particular, sealing properties for the surface of the carrier material of the workpiece arranged underneath.
Im Folgenden wird in der Beschreibung der Erfindung jeweils von einer ersten Beschichtung und einer zweiten Beschichtung gesprochen. Dabei wird hervorgehoben, dass die erste Beschichtung und auch die zweite Beschichtung jeweils selber aus mindestens zwei separat aufgebrachten Schichten bzw. Teilschichten bestehen können. Insbesondere kann eine zweite Beschichtung aus zwei oder mehr Teilschichten bestehen, deren Strukturierungen sich gegenseitig überdecken und/oder ergänzen.In the following, the description of the invention refers in each case to a first coating and a second coating. It is emphasized that the first Coating and also the second coating can themselves each consist of at least two separately applied layers or partial layers. In particular, a second coating may consist of two or more partial layers whose structurings overlap and / or supplement one another.
Als eine typische Anwendung des Verfahrens kann eine Holzoberfläche durch ein entsprechend farbiges Dekor einer unterhalb der ersten und zweiten Beschichtung angeordneten Druckschicht und durch eine an das Holzdekor angepasste Strukturierung der zweiten Beschichtung nachgemacht bzw. imitiert werden.As a typical application of the method, a wood surface may be imitated or imitated by a correspondingly colored decoration of a print layer arranged below the first and second coating and by a structuring of the second coating adapted to the wood decor.
Dazu weist die variierende Verteilung der Auftragsmenge der zweiten Beschichtung in bevorzugter Weise eine linienförmige Struktur auf, die insbesondere typisch für die Oberflächenstruktur einer Holzoberfläche ist.For this purpose, the varying distribution of the application quantity of the second coating preferably has a linear structure, which is particularly typical of the surface structure of a wooden surface.
Ebenso kann die variierende Verteilung der Auftragsmenge der zweiten Beschichtung eine flächenförmige Struktur aufweisen, die gegebenenfalls auch mit einer linienförmigen Struktur verbunden wird.Likewise, the varying distribution of the application amount of the second coating may have a sheet-like structure, which is optionally also connected to a linear structure.
Es gibt zwei Möglichkeiten die Oberflächenstruktur auszugestalten. Zum einen kann die Oberflächenstruktur der zweiten Beschichtung als negative Oberflächenstruktur erzeugt werden. Dabei sind die eigentlich als Vertiefung nachzubildenden Oberflächenstrukturen, bspw. Poren, als Erhebungen ausgebildet. Diese Struktur, deren Erhabenheit beispielsweise unterhalb von 1 mm, insbesondere unterhalb von 0,5 mm liegt, kann von einer menschlichen Hand und/oder optisch nicht von einer Struktur mit Vertiefungen unterschieden werden. Eine negative Oberflächenstruktur wird insbesondere durch eine Linienstruktur erzeugt.There are two ways to design the surface structure. On the one hand, the surface structure of the second coating can be produced as a negative surface structure. In this case, the surface structures which are actually to be reproduced as a depression, for example pores, are formed as elevations. This structure, whose grandeur is, for example, below 1 mm, in particular below 0.5 mm, can be from a human hand and / or optically not from a structure with depressions be differentiated. A negative surface structure is generated in particular by a line structure.
Ein Vorteil der negativen, also erhabenen Pore liegt in der besseren Hygieneeigenschaften der Oberflächen im Vergleich zu einer vertiefte Poren aufweisenden Oberfläche. Denn an den erhabenen Strukturen können sich viel schlechter Verunreinigungen anlagern, als es bei Vertiefungen der Fall ist. Insbesondere wegen der geringen Größe der Poren können vertiefte Porenstrukturen, wie sie auch bei Laminatfußbodenpaneelen bekannt sind, sehr schlecht oder gar nicht gesäubert werden. Daher sind Platten mit negativen, erhabenen Poren für einen Einsatz in Räumen mit besonderen Hygieneanforderungen sehr gut einsetzbar.An advantage of the negative, ie raised pore lies in the better hygiene properties of the surfaces compared to a recessed pore surface. Because of the raised structures much worse impurities can accumulate, as it is the case with depressions. In particular, because of the small size of the pores recessed pore structures, as they are known in laminate flooring panels, very poor or not cleaned. Therefore, plates with negative, raised pores are very suitable for use in rooms with special hygiene requirements.
In bevorzugter Weise liegt die Dicke der Strukturen der zweiten Beschichtung unterhalb von 0,1 mm. Es sind je nach Auftragsmenge auch Dicken im Bereich von weniger als 0,01 mm oder sogar 0,005 mm möglich. Auch diese geringen Dicken werden als strukturierte Oberfläche erkannt. Je geringer die Strukturdicke sein kann, desto geringer kann die Auftragsmenge eingestellt werden. Nicht zuletzt aus Kostengründen ist in der Regel eine möglichst geringe Dicke vorteilhaft.Preferably, the thickness of the structures of the second coating is below 0.1 mm. Depending on the application quantity, thicknesses in the range of less than 0.01 mm or even 0.005 mm are possible. Even these small thicknesses are recognized as a textured surface. The smaller the structure thickness can be, the lower the order quantity can be set. Not least for cost reasons, the smallest possible thickness is usually advantageous.
Zum anderen kann die Oberflächenstruktur positiv ausgestaltet sein, wobei erhabene Oberflächenteile auch tatsächlich nachzubildende Oberflächenerhebungen darstellen. In diesem, von der vorliegenden Erfindung jedoch nicht erfassten Fall wird die Oberflächenstruktur mit einer flächigen Oberflächenstruktur erzeugt, die ggf. linienförmige Zwischenräume freilässt, die dann beispielsweise als Poren erscheinen.On the other hand, the surface structure can be configured positively, wherein raised surface parts actually represent surface elevations to be imitated. However, in this case, which is not covered by the present invention, the surface structure is produced with a planar surface structure which, if appropriate, leaves open linear intermediate spaces, which then appear, for example, as pores.
Vorteilhaft ist es weiterhin, wenn die räumlich variierende Verteilung der Auftragsmenge so ausgebildet ist, dass in den Bereichen, in denen eine Erhebung ausgebildet werden soll, eine maximale Beschichtungsmenge aufgebracht wird, während in den Bereichen, in denen keine Erhebung ausgebildet werden soll, keine Beschichtung aufgebracht wird. Diese Art des Auftrages ist insbesondere für eine Nachbildung einer Holzoberfläche geeignet. Weitere Ausgestaltungen liegen dazwischen, indem anstatt der maximalen bzw. minimalen Beschichtung mittlere Beschichtungswerte gewählt werden. Diese Ausgestaltung kann insbesondere für eine Nachbildung einer Steinoberfläche für Fliesen angewendet werden.It is also advantageous if the spatially varying distribution of the application amount is designed so that in the areas in which a survey is to be formed, a maximum coating amount is applied, while in the areas where no survey is to be formed, no coating is applied. This type of order is particularly suitable for a replica of a wooden surface. Further embodiments are interposed in that, instead of the maximum or minimum coating, average coating values are selected. This embodiment can be used in particular for a replica of a stone surface for tiles.
Um ein vollständiges Zerfließen der Struktur zu vermeiden, wird in bevorzugter Weise die zweite Beschichtung nach dem Auftrag zumindest teilweise ausgehärtet. Dabei ist es weiter bevorzugt, den zeitlichen Abstand zwischen Aufbringen der zweiten Beschichtung und dem Aushärten zu minimieren.In order to avoid complete flow of the structure, the second coating is preferably at least partially cured after application. It is further preferred to minimize the time interval between application of the second coating and curing.
Insbesondere kann der Lack mit Nanopartikeln versehen sein, um eine besonders gute Versiegelungseigenschaft aufzuweisen. Die Abriebfestigkeit der Lackschicht, die aufgrund des Hinzufügens der Nanopartikel entsteht, kommt insbesondere Oberflächen zugute, die einer starken Beanspruchung ausgesetzt sind. Dieses gilt insbesondere für Fußbodenpaneele.In particular, the paint can be provided with nanoparticles in order to have a particularly good sealing property. The abrasion resistance of the lacquer layer, which results from the addition of the nanoparticles, is particularly beneficial for surfaces which are exposed to heavy loads. This applies in particular to floor panels.
In weiter bevorzugter Weise wird auch die erste Beschichtung als Versiegelungslack aufgebracht, so dass die zwei Beschichtungen eine Versiegelung der darunter angeordneten Oberfläche darstellen. Der Versiegelungslack der ersten Beschichtung wird zwischen 65% und 95%, insbesondere zu 85% ausgehärtet, bevor die zweite Beschichtung aufgebracht wird. Dieser Grad der Aushärtung ermöglicht einerseits, dass sich die zweite Versiegelungslackschicht gut mit der ersten Versiegelungslackschicht verbindet. Andererseits wird eine gute Beständigkeit der aufgebrachten Struktur der zweiten Beschichtung erreicht, so dass diese nicht zerfliest.In a further preferred manner, the first coating is also applied as a sealing lacquer, so that the two coatings represent a seal of the surface arranged thereunder. The sealing coat of the first coating is between 65% and 95%, in particular hardened to 85% before the second coating is applied. On the one hand, this degree of curing makes it possible for the second sealing lacquer layer to bond well with the first sealing lacquer layer. On the other hand, a good durability of the applied structure of the second coating is achieved so that it does not melt.
Es gibt verschiedene Möglichkeiten, den optischen Effekt der Struktur der zweiten Beschichtung hervorzuheben. Einerseits kann eine Einstellung eines unterschiedlichen Glanzgrades der zweiten Beschichtung im Vergleich mit dem Glanzgrad der ersten Beschichtung gewählt werden. So hat sich gezeigt, dass Bereiche mit erhöhtem Schichtauftrag an der fertigen Werkstückoberfläche einen höheren Glanzgrad erzielen, hingegen Bereiche mit verringertem Schichtauftrag einen verminderten Glanzgrad an der fertigen Werkstückoberfläche bewirken.There are several ways to highlight the optical effect of the structure of the second coating. On the one hand, an adjustment of a different gloss level of the second coating can be selected in comparison with the gloss level of the first coating. It has been shown that regions with increased layer application on the finished workpiece surface achieve a higher gloss level, whereas areas with reduced layer application cause a reduced degree of gloss on the finished workpiece surface.
Andererseits kann die Farbe der zweiten Beschichtung unterschiedlich zur Farbe der ersten Beschichtung gewählt werden, um den optischen Eindruck der strukturierten Oberfläche zu betonen.On the other hand, the color of the second coating can be chosen differently from the color of the first coating in order to emphasize the visual impression of the structured surface.
Insbesondere besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die zweite Beschichtung als pigmentierter UV-härtbarer Lack aufgebracht wird, um den Glanzgrad und/oder die Farbe der zweiten Beschichtung einzustellen. Dazu ist zwar für eine geeignete Aushärtung eine UV-Lichtquelle erforderlich, jedoch werden in dieser Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens besonders gute Effekte erzielt.In particular, there is the possibility that the second coating is applied as a pigmented UV-curable lacquer to adjust the gloss level and / or the color of the second coating. For this purpose, although a UV light source is required for suitable curing, particularly good effects are achieved in this embodiment of the method.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung einer strukturierten Oberfläche auf einem Werkstück verwendet eine digitale Auftragsvorrichtung zum Aufbringen der zweiten Beschichtung. Eine digitale Auftragsvorrichtung bedeutet dabei, dass die Vorrichtung individuell ansteuerbar den Versiegelungslack auf die Oberfläche des Werkstückes abgeben kann.The method according to the invention for producing a structured surface on a workpiece uses a digital application device for applying the second coating. In this case, a digital application device means that the device can deliver the sealing lacquer to the surface of the workpiece individually controllable.
In besonders bevorzugter Weise kann eine Strahldrucktechnik eingesetzt werden, die insbesondere bei sogenannten Tintenstrahldruckern weit verbreitet ist. Bei dieser Strahltechnik werden durch separat ansteuerbare Düsen kleine Flüssigkeitströpfchen erzeugt, die in einem engen Raster auf die Oberfläche gespritzt werden.In a particularly preferred manner, a jet printing technique can be used, which is particularly widespread in so-called inkjet printers. With this jet technique, small liquid droplets are generated by separately controllable nozzles, which are sprayed onto the surface in a narrow grid.
Ebenso kann die digitale Auftragsvorrichtung die sogenannte Laserdrucktechnik einsetzen. Bei dieser Technik wird mittels eines Laserstrahls eine Walzenoberfläche so vorbereitet, dass die Walzenoberfläche nur an vorgegebenen Stellen den Versiegelungslack aufnimmt, um ihn anschließend an die Oberfläche des Werkstückes wieder abzugeben.Likewise, the digital application device can use the so-called laser printing technology. In this technique, a roll surface is prepared by means of a laser beam so that the roll surface receives the sealing coat only at predetermined locations, to then release it to the surface of the workpiece again.
Des Weiteren können Mittel zum Erzeugen einer Punkteverteilung zur Ansteuerung der digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung vorgesehen sein. Somit kann die von der digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung aufzubringende Struktur anhand einer Punkteverteilung vorgegeben werden. Diese Mittel sind bevorzugt ein Computer oder Speicherelemente, in denen die Punkteverteilungen errechnet oder ausgelesen und verarbeitet werden.Furthermore, means for generating a dot distribution for controlling the digital application device can be provided. Thus, the structure to be applied by the digital application device can be predetermined by means of a point distribution. These means are preferably a computer or memory elements in which the point distributions are calculated or read out and processed.
Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens ist eine optische Abtastvorrichtung zum Erfassen des Oberflächenmusters des Werkstückes vorgesehen. Die Abtastvorrichtung kann als Scanner, Zeilenkamera oder Flächenkamera ausgebildet sein und erfüllt den Zweck, kontinuierlich oder abschnittsweise die Oberfläche des Werkstückes zu erfassen. Diese Oberflächeninformation wird auf den Computer übertragen, der dann aus den Messwerten der optischen Abtastvorrichtung eine zu erzeugende Punkteverteilung errechnet.In a further embodiment of the method, an optical scanning device is provided for detecting the surface pattern of the workpiece. The scanning device can be designed as a scanner, line camera or area camera and fulfills the purpose of continuously or partially detect the surface of the workpiece. This surface information is transmitted to the computer, which then calculates a dot distribution to be generated from the measured values of the optical scanning device.
Wird dann weiterhin eine Synchronisation zwischen der optischen Oberfläche des Werkstückes und der Strukturierung der zweiten Beschichtung gewünscht, so kann aus der Geschwindigkeit der Bewegung des zu bearbeitenden Werkstückes relativ zur Abtastvorrichtung und dem Abstand zur digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung eine Zeitverzögerung errechnet werden. Somit kann erreicht werden, dass die optische erfassbare Struktur der Oberfläche des Werkstückes und die haptisch erfassbare Oberfläche der zweiten Beschichtung zumindest abschnittsweise übereinstimmen. Diese Struktur wird nachfolgend auch als Synchronpore bezeichnet.If synchronization between the optical surface of the workpiece and the structuring of the second coating is then also desired, a time delay can be calculated from the speed of movement of the workpiece to be processed relative to the scanning device and the distance to the digital application device. It can thus be achieved that the optically detectable structure of the surface of the workpiece and the haptically detectable surface of the second coating coincide at least in sections. This structure is also referred to below as a synchronous pore.
Die Oberfläche des Werkstückes unterhalb der beiden beschriebenen Beschichtungen kann in vielfältiger Weise beschichtet sein.The surface of the workpiece below the two described coatings can be coated in many ways.
Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens kann daher beispielsweise unter der ersten Beschichtung eine oder mehrere der nachfolgenden Beschichtungen der Oberfläche aufgebracht werden, die insbesondere die optische Struktur (Dekor) der Oberfläche des Werkstückes bestimmen:
- eine mindestens eine Schicht aufweisende Haftvermittlerschicht,
- eine mindestens eine Schicht aufweisende Grundierungsschicht,
- eine mindestens eine Schicht aufweisende Walzgrundschicht,
- eine mindestens eine Schicht aufweisende und das Dekor darstellende Druckschicht,
- eine mindestens eine Schicht aufweisende korundhaltige Lackschicht und
- eine mindestens eine Schicht aufweisende Schleiflackschicht.
- a bonding agent layer having at least one layer,
- a primer layer having at least one layer,
- a rolling base layer having at least one layer,
- a printing layer comprising at least one layer and representing the decor,
- a corundum lacquer layer having at least one layer and
- an at least one layer having abrasive paint layer.
Wie sich aus der zuvor dargelegten Beschreibung des Verfahrens ergibt, hat sich gezeigt, dass es möglich ist, durch einen mengenmäßig abgestimmten Auftrag einer zweiten Beschichtung, insbesondere eines Versiegelungsmediums mit nachfolgender Härtung, eine qualitativ hochwertige Strukturierung der beschichteten Oberfläche zu erhalten.As is apparent from the above description of the method, it has been found that it is possible to obtain a qualitatively high-quality structuring of the coated surface by a quantitatively coordinated application of a second coating, in particular a sealing medium with subsequent hardening.
Werden die unterschiedlichen Auftragsmengen in der Versiegelungsschicht in Abstimmung mit dem Dekor gewählt, kann eine Struktur erreicht werden, die mit dem Dekor übereinstimmt. Beispielsweise kann somit eine Oberfläche bereitgestellt werden, die ein Holzdekor mit einer abgestimmten Porenstruktur aufweist. Das Material, das durch das Dekor dargestellt werden soll, wird dadurch verbessert imitiert. Man kann auch von einer sogenannten Synchronpore sprechen. Hierbei ist vorgesehen, dass die erste Beschichtung und die zweite Beschichtung zumindest teilweise transparent sind, damit das darunter liegende Dekor durch die beiden Beschichtungen erkennbar bleibt.If the different application quantities in the sealing layer are chosen in coordination with the decoration, a structure can be achieved which corresponds to the decoration. For example, it is thus possible to provide a surface which has a wood decor with a coordinated pore structure. The material to be represented by the decor is thereby imitated improved. One can also speak of a so-called synchronous pore. It is provided that the first coating and the second coating are at least partially transparent, so that the underlying decor remains recognizable by the two coatings.
In bevorzugter Weise werden mit Hilfe von UV-Strahlung härtende Lacke für die zuvor beschriebene Lackbeschichtung verwendet. Es sind aber auch alle anderen Lacke für die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anwendbar, soweit mit diesen die an die fertige Werkstückoberfläche gestellten Anforderungen wie z.B. Kratzfestigkeit, Abriebbeständigkeit oder Haftfestigkeit erreicht werden können.In a preferred manner, UV-curing lacquers are used for the lacquer coating described above. But there are also all other coatings for the application of the method according to the invention applicable, as far as these can be used to meet the requirements placed on the finished workpiece surface, such as scratch resistance, abrasion resistance or adhesive strength.
Zur Verbesserung der Eigenschaften der eingesetzten Beschichtungsstoffe können diese mit verschiedenen Additiven und Füllstoffen versehen sein. So können etwa Hartpartikel vorgesehen sein, um die Kratz- und Abriebfestigkeit zu verbessern oder sogenannte UV-Absorber, die ein vorzeitiges Vergilben der Oberfläche verhindern.To improve the properties of the coating materials used, they can be provided with various additives and fillers. For example, hard particles can be provided in order to improve the scratch and abrasion resistance or so-called UV absorbers, which prevent premature yellowing of the surface.
Das oben aufgezeigte technische Problem wird erfindungsgemäß auch durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 12 gelöst. Die Vorrichtung umfasst mindestens eine Bearbeitungsstation zum Aufdrucken eines Holzdekors, eine Bearbeitungsstation zum Aufbringen einer auf das Holzdekor folgenden zumindest teilweise optisch transparenten ersten Beschichtung aus Lack auf die Oberfläche des plattenförmigen Werkstückes, und eine digitale Auftragsvorrichtung zum direkten Aufdrucken einer zumindest teilweise optisch transparenten zweiten Beschichtung aus Lack auf die erste Beschichtung, welche die zweite Beschichtung mit einer räumlich variierenden Verteilung der Auftragsmenge auf die erste Beschichtung in der Weise aufbringt, dass die zweite Beschichtung eine negative Oberflächenstruktur bildet, in der eigentlich als Vertiefungen nachzubildende Oberflächenstrukturen des Holzdekors als Erhebungen ausgebildet sind.The above-indicated technical problem is solved according to the invention by a device having the features of
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben, die auch in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert werden.Further embodiments of the device according to the invention are specified in the subclaims, which are also explained in more detail in the following description of the preferred embodiments.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert, wozu auf die beigefügte Zeichnung Bezug genommen wird. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer strukturierten Oberfläche auf plattenförmigen Werkstücken mit einer Auftragswalzenanordnung,
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer strukturierten Oberfläche auf plattenförmigen Werkstücken mit einer digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 3a,b
- eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer strukturierten Oberfläche,
- Fig. 4a-c
- eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer strukturierten Oberfläche und
- Fig. 5
- eine schematische Darstellung einer dritten Ausführungsform einer strukturierten Oberfläche.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of an apparatus for producing a structured surface on plate-shaped workpieces with an applicator roll arrangement,
- Fig. 2
- a schematic representation of an apparatus for producing a structured surface on plate-shaped workpieces with a digital application device,
- Fig. 3a, b
- a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a structured surface,
- Fig. 4a-c
- a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a structured surface and
- Fig. 5
- a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a structured surface.
Mehrere Platten 2 sind auf einem Förderband 4 angeordnet, die einzeln der Reihe nach verschiedenen Bearbeitungsstationen zugeführt werden. Die Förderrichtung ist in
Die in
In der Bearbeitungsstation 6 wird eine erste im Wesentlichen vollflächige Beschichtung aus einem Lack aufgebracht. Dazu weist die Bearbeitungsstation eine Auftragswalze 10 auf, die eine gleichmäßige Schicht aus Lack auf die Oberfläche der Platten 2 aufbringt. In der nachgeschalteten Nachbearbeitungsvorrichtung 12 wird die aufgebrachte Beschichtung zumindest teilweise getrocknet und ausgehärtet. Die Nachbearbeitungsvorrichtung 12 kann beispielsweise mittels eines Warmluftstroms oder mittels einer elektromagnetischen Strahlung, insbesondere UV-Strahlung die Trocknung und Aushärtung bewirken. Dazu weist die Nachbearbeitungsvorrichtung 12 entsprechende Mittel zum Erzeugen des Warmluftstroms bzw. der Strahlung auf.In the
In der Bearbeitungsstation 8 wird mittels einer Auftragswalze 14 eine Beschichtung aus einem Lack direkt aufgetragen, wobei die Auftragsmenge räumlich variiert. Dadurch kommt es zu einer beabsichtigten Strukturierung der oberen Lackschicht. Die räumliche Strukturierung der Lackschicht wird dabei insbesondere durch eine Gravurwalze erzeugt, in deren Oberfläche unterschiedliche Abschnitte mit verschieden hohen Niveaus ausgebildet sind.In the
Üblicher Weise wird die Oberfläche einer Gravurwalze mittels Sticheln oder Gravieren bearbeitet, um einzelne Vertiefungen, sogenannten Näpfchen, meist in Rautenform, mit unterschiedlicher Tiefe zu erzeugen. Beim Drucken wird ein Lack aufgetragen, der in den Vertiefungen aufgenommen wird, um während des Übertragens auf ein anderes Medium teilweise aus den Vertiefungen auf die Oberfläche des Mediums abgegeben zu werden.Usually, the surface of a gravure roll is processed by means of pricking or engraving in order to produce individual recesses, so-called wells, usually in rhombic form, with different depths. During printing, a varnish is applied, which is taken up in the depressions, in order to be partially dispensed from the depressions onto the surface of the medium during the transfer to another medium.
In der nachgeschalteten Nachbearbeitungsvorrichtung 16 wird dann die zuletzt aufgebrachte Beschichtung zumindest teilweise ausgehärtet, damit die räumlich unterschiedliche Strukturierung fixiert wird, bevor diese sich aufgrund eines Zerfließens wieder ausgleicht. Bei diesem Aushärtungsschritt kann es auch zu einem ggf. noch nicht abgeschlossenen Aushärten der darunter angeordneten, in der ersten Bearbeitungsstation 6 aufgebrachten Beschichtung kommen.In the
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die beiden Lackschichten aus dem gleichen Lack bestehen, da dadurch das Verbinden der beiden Beschichtungen erleichtert wird. Im Gegensatz dazu können aber auch unterschiedliche Zusammensetzung der beiden Beschichtungen gewählt werden, um beispielsweise die Oberflächeneffekte der Strukturierung hervorzuheben und zu verstärken. Die Unterschiede können dabei beispielsweise im Glanzgrad bestehen.It has proved to be advantageous if the two paint layers consist of the same paint, as this facilitates the bonding of the two coatings. In contrast, however, different composition of the two coatings can be chosen, for example, to emphasize and enhance the surface effects of structuring. The differences may be, for example, the gloss level.
Weiterhin ist ein Computer 31 als Mittel zum Erzeugen einer Punkteverteilung zur Ansteuerung der digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung mit der Auftragsvorrichtung 30 verbunden. Der Computer 31 bereitet digitale Ansteuerinformationen auf und überträgt diese auf die Auftragsvorrichtung.Furthermore, a
An die digitale Auftragsvorrichtung schließt sich wie zuvor auch an die anderen Auftragsvorrichtungen eine Nachbearbeitungsvorrichtung 32 an, um die zuvor aufgebrachte zweite Beschichtung zu trocknen und zumindest teilweise auszuhärten.As with the other application devices, the
Weiterhin ist in vorteilhafter Weise eine optische Abtastvorrichtung 34 vorgesehen, um das Oberflächenmuster der Oberfläche der Platte 2 oder ggf. der ersten Beschichtung zu erfassen. Während des Betriebes erfasst die optische Abtastvorrichtung die Oberfläche und überträgt die erfassten Daten auf den Computer 31. Der Computer 31 errechnet dann aus den Messwerten der optischen Abtastvorrichtung 34 eine zu erzeugende Punkteverteilung. Diese wird dann mit der digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung 30 als zweite Beschichtung aufgebracht.Furthermore, an
Die optische Abtastvorrichtung kann als Scanner, als Zeilenkamera oder als Flächenkamera ausgebildet sein. Ziel ist es in jedem Fall, dass die optische Abtastvorrichtung die Oberfläche mit einer Auflösung erfasst bzw. die aufgenommenen Daten mit einer Auflösung auswertet, mit der die digitale Auftragsvorrichtung die strukturierte zweite Beschichtung aufbringen soll.The optical scanning device can be designed as a scanner, as a line camera or as an area camera. In any case, the aim is that the optical scanning device detects the surface with a resolution or evaluates the recorded data with a resolution with which the digital application device is to apply the structured second coating.
Durch eine von der Fördergeschwindigkeit der Platte 2 und vom Abstand zwischen der optischen Abtastvorrichtung 34 und der digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung 30 abhängige Zeitverzögerung kann zudem erreicht werden, dass die digitale Auftragsvorrichtung 30 die strukturierte zweite Beschichtung so auf die Oberfläche aufbringt, dass die Oberflächenstruktur mit dem optischen Muster zumindest teilweise übereinstimmt. Mit anderen Worten kann in dieser Weise eine synchrone haptische und optische Oberflächengestaltung der Platte 2 erreicht werden.By a time delay dependent on the conveying speed of the
In
Die Vorlackierung stellt eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform dar, denn die damit hergestellten Oberflächen sind vollständig lackiert und können somit in einer Anlage hergestellt werden.The pre-painting represents a particularly preferred embodiment, because the surfaces produced therewith are completely painted and can thus be produced in a plant.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung besteht darin, dass die beiden Bearbeitungsstationen 18 und 20 ein in der Fläche variierendes Muster aufbringen, beispielsweise ein Holzdekor. Dazu sind die beiden Auftragswalzen der Bearbeitungsstationen 18 und 20 synchronisiert, um zueinander passende und sich ergänzende Farbmuster aufzubringen. Darüber hinaus ist die Gravurwalze 14 mit einer Oberflächengravur versehen, deren Abbild ebenfalls mit dem von den Bearbeitungsstationen 18 und 20 aufgebrachten Druckbildern übereinstimmt. Des Weiteren ist die Drehung der Gravurwalze 14 so mit der Drehung der Auftragwalzen der Bearbeitungsstationen 18 und 20 synchronisiert, dass die räumlich variierende Verteilung der zweiten Beschichtung mit dem durch die Bearbeitungsstationen 18 und 20 aufgebrachten Druckbild übereinstimmt. Somit kann eine mit dem aufgedruckten Muster synchronisierte variierende Verteilung der obersten Lackschicht, beispielsweise eine Porenstruktur passend zum Holzdekor erreicht werden.A further embodiment of the device consists in that the two
Selbstverständlich können noch weitere Bearbeitungsstationen zu den beschriebenen Bearbeitungsstationen 18 und 20 hinzugefügt werden.Of course, further processing stations can be added to the described
Die Poren 26 sind in dieser schematischen Darstellung im Wesentlichen im Querschnitt rechteckig mit leicht abgerundeten Kanten dargestellt. In der Praxis kann allerdings eine deutlicher von der Rechteckform abweichende Verteilung auftreten, da die Bereiche der zweiten Beschichtung 24 in den Randbereichen der Aussparungen 26 vor einem Aushärten teilweise zerfließen. Abgerundete Ecken sind daher bei realen Aussparungen 26 zu erwarten.The
Die in
Die
Die zweite Beschichtung 24 besteht also aus den Bereichen, die als Erhebungen, also beispielsweise als negative Poren aufgebracht worden sind. Die Flächenbelegung der zweiten Beschichtung ist daher erheblich geringer als beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Insbesondere
Zum einen kann diese Unterstruktur beim Auftragen mittels einer geprägten oder gestichelten Walzenmanteloberfläche entstehen, wenn also die Oberfläche einzelne Näpfchen aufweist, die jeweils den anhaftenden Lack abgeben. Da die Näpfchen beabstandet sind, sind auch die abgegebenen Lacktröpfchen auf der ersten Beschichtung 22 beabstandet angeordnet und führen somit zu der Unterstruktur.On the one hand, this substructure can be formed when applied by means of an embossed or engraved roll shell surface, ie if the surface is a single well each having the adhesive paint. Because the wells are spaced, the dispensed droplets of paint are also spaced on the
Zum anderen kann bei einer Verwendung einer digitalen Auftragsvorrichtung eine solche Struktur entstehen. Denn auch hier wird der Lack in Tröpfchenform auf die erste Beschichtung 22 aufgebracht, so dass sich je nach Abstand der Tröpfchen auf der Oberfläche der ersten Beschichtung 22 eine mehr oder weniger stark ausgeprägte Unterstruktur ausbildet.On the other hand, such a structure can arise when using a digital application device. For here, too, the paint is applied in droplet form on the
In
Im Folgenden wird eine mögliche Untersuchungsmethode angegeben werden, mit der eine Oberflächenstruktur der zuvor beschriebenen untersucht werden kann. Dabei kommt es darauf an, auch Strukturen im Bereich von 0,01 mm auflösen und erkennen zu können.The following is a possible investigation method can be specified, with which a surface structure of the previously described can be examined. It is important to be able to resolve and recognize structures in the range of 0.01 mm.
Das Verfahren basiert auf dem Prinzip des bekannten Lichtschnittverfahrens mit optischer Triangulation, wobei eine Relativbewegung von Messzelle und Messobjekt vorausgesetzt ist. Die Funktionsweise besteht darin, den zu vermessenden Oberflächenbereich mit einer geeigneten Lichtquelle (Laser) linienhaft zu beleuchten und mit Hilfe einer Flächenkamera den auf dem Objekt abgebildeten Lichtstreifen zu erfassen. Dabei sind die Flächennormalen der Beleuchtung und der Kamera unter einem Triangulationswinkel zueinander verkippt. Die Kamera sieht dann die Projektionslinie als eine, die Kontur des Prüflings nachbildende Höhenlinie, aus deren Koordinaten und den dazugehörigen Positionen ein dreidimensionales Profil errechnet werden kann. Die Auflösung der bekannten Techniken erreicht eine Genauigkeit in der vertikalen Richtung von weniger als 0,1 µm.The method is based on the principle of the known light-section method with optical triangulation, whereby a relative movement of measuring cell and measuring object is assumed. The mode of operation consists of illuminating the surface area to be measured with a suitable light source (laser) and using a surface camera to capture the light stripe imaged on the object. The surface normals of the illumination and the camera are tilted at a triangulation angle to each other. The camera then sees the projection line as a contour line reproducing the contour of the test object, from whose coordinates and the associated positions a three-dimensional profile can be calculated. The resolution of the known techniques achieves an accuracy in the vertical direction of less than 0.1 μm.
Mit Hilfe eines solchen Verfahrens kann die strukturierte Oberfläche der zweiten Beschichtung untersucht und analysiert werden. Ebenso ist eine Analyse der Oberflächenstrukturen mit Hilfe von Mikroskopen möglich.With the aid of such a method, the structured surface of the second coating can be examined and analyzed. Likewise, an analysis of the surface structures by means of microscopes is possible.
Claims (15)
- Method for producing a structured surface on a board-like workpiece (2) made of wood material, for use as a floor covering or furniture part,- wherein a wood grain decor is imprinted on the surface of the workpiece (2), and- wherein a first coating (22) which is optically transparent at least in some regions and made of varnish is applied to the surface of the workpiece (2), after the wood grain decor, characterised in that a second coating (24) which is optically transparent at least in some regions and made of varnish is applied to the first coating by means of a digital application device (30), with the amount which is applied being distributed in a spatially varying manner, in such a way that the second coating (24) forms a negative surface structure in which surface structures of the wood grain decor which are actually to be modelled as depressions are configured as projections (28).
- Method according to claim 1, wherein the glossiness of the second coating is made to differ from the glossiness of the first coating (22).
- Method according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the second coating (24) is applied as a pigmented UV-curable knot varnish in order to adjust the glossiness and/or the colour of the second coating.
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second coating (24) is cured after application.
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second coating (24) is applied by means of a droplet inkjet printing method or a laser printing method.
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second coating (24) is applied in a predetermined spot distribution.
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second coating (24) is applied in a randomly generated spot distribution.
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 5,- wherein the surface pattern of the surface of the workpiece (2) or the first coating (22) is detected by means of an optical scanning device (34),- wherein a spot distribution to be generated is computed from the data of the optical scanning device (34), and- wherein the second coating (24) is applied by the digital application device (30) in the computed spot distribution.
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein one or more of the following coatings are applied to the surface prior to the application of the first coating (22):- an adhesion-promoting coat comprising at least one coat;- a primer coat comprising at least one coat;- a roll base coat comprising at least one coat;- a printed coat comprising at least one coat and showing a decorative design;- a corundum-containing varnish coat comprising at least one coat; and- a rubbing varnish comprising at least one coat.
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the amount applied for the second coating (24) is adjusted in such a way that the thickness of the structures of the second coating is less than 0.1 mm.
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the second coating (24) is applied in a distribution which is adapted to the imprinted wood grain decor.
- Device for producing a structured surface on a board-like workpiece (2) made of wood material, for use as a floor covering or furniture part,- comprising at least one treatment station (18, 20) for imprinting a wood grain decor, and- comprising a treatment station (6) for applying a first coating (22) which is optically transparent at least in some regions and is made of varnish to the surface of the board-like workpiece (2), after the wood grain decor, characterised by a digital application device (30) for directly imprinting a second coating (24) which is optically transparent at least in some regions and is made of varnish to the first coating (22), which application device applies the second coating (24) to the first coating (22) by distributing the amount applied in a spatially varying manner, in such a way that the second coating (24) forms a negative surface structure in which surface structures of the wood grain decor which are actually to be modelled as depressions are configured as projections (28).
- Device according to claim 12, characterised in that the digital application device (30) is configured as an inkjet printer or as a laser printer.
- Device according to either claim 12 or claim 13, characterised in that means for generating a spot distribution for orienting the digital application device (30) are provided.
- Device according to claim 14, characterised in that- an optical scanning device (34) for detecting the surface pattern on the surface of the workpiece (2) is provided,- and in that the means for generating a spot distribution from the data of the optical scanning device (34) compute a spot distribution to be generated.
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EP04028565.2A EP1645339B1 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2004-12-02 | Process and apparatus for making a structured surface and manufactured object with stuctured surface |
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CA2568440C (en) † | 2004-05-28 | 2015-05-05 | Kronotec Ag | Panel made of a wooden material with a surface coating |
WO2007036349A1 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-05 | Nikolaus Vida | Surface shaping method |
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-
2004
- 2004-12-02 DE DE202004018710U patent/DE202004018710U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-02 ES ES10158405T patent/ES2425197T3/en active Active
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- 2004-12-02 EP EP04028565.2A patent/EP1645339B1/en active Active
- 2004-12-02 EP EP10158405.0A patent/EP2218520B1/en active Active
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2005
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- 2005-10-05 RU RU2007116965/11A patent/RU2356639C2/en active
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EP1645339A1 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
ES2425197T3 (en) | 2013-10-14 |
PL1645339T3 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
ES2545665T3 (en) | 2015-09-14 |
RU2007116965A (en) | 2008-11-20 |
EP2218520A3 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
WO2006037644A2 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
DE202004018710U1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
EP1645339B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
RU2356639C2 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
PL2218520T3 (en) | 2013-11-29 |
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