EP1853474A1 - Schwenkschiebetür - Google Patents
SchwenkschiebetürInfo
- Publication number
- EP1853474A1 EP1853474A1 EP06706773A EP06706773A EP1853474A1 EP 1853474 A1 EP1853474 A1 EP 1853474A1 EP 06706773 A EP06706773 A EP 06706773A EP 06706773 A EP06706773 A EP 06706773A EP 1853474 A1 EP1853474 A1 EP 1853474A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- lever
- guide
- sliding door
- door
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D19/00—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles
- B61D19/02—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles for carriages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D19/00—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles
- B61D19/003—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles characterised by the movements of the door
- B61D19/008—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles characterised by the movements of the door both swinging and sliding
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
- E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
- E05D15/10—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane
- E05D15/1065—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving track
- E05D15/1068—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving track specially adapted for use in railway-cars or mass transit vehicles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
- E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
- E05D15/10—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane
- E05D15/1065—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving track
- E05D2015/1084—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving track the carriage being directly linked to the fixed frame, e.g. slidingly
- E05D2015/1086—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving track the carriage being directly linked to the fixed frame, e.g. slidingly swingingly, e.g. on arms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefore
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means, e.g. clutches; Holders, e.g. locks; Stops; Accessories therefore
- E05Y2201/218—Holders
- E05Y2201/22—Locks
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefore
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means, e.g. clutches; Holders, e.g. locks; Stops; Accessories therefore
- E05Y2201/23—Actuation thereof
- E05Y2201/232—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/51—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for railway cars or mass transit vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to sliding sliding doors for vehicles of all kinds, especially rail vehicles, with a arranged in the vicinity of the secondary closing edge roller lever which engages with its role in an arranged on the door leaf guide rail.
- pivot lever systems currently used for the door guide on the lower edge of the door have the task to guide the door leaf along its underside along a predetermined path, so that it does not collide with the portal and held in the open state in a defined position with distance to the vehicle outer contour.
- these pivoting lever systems have the disadvantage that, although they perform a guiding function, they have no locking function. Forces, which act transversely to the door leaf level, therefore, must be substantially intercepted by the door leaf itself, which by twisting it can lead to a lifting of the door seals from the sealing plane and an opening gap formation at the minor closing edge. Such a gap causes a train inside the vehicle, noise, vibrations of the door leaf and worries the passengers. Vibrations of the door leaf lead to a lining of its storage and it comes to bumps with the portal edges.
- the aim of the invention is to intercept lateral forces acting on the door leaf in the region of the secondary closing edge by a suitable design of a pivoting lever system of this itself and initiate the portal, with the lie Insertion required locking feature from the available from the door drive closing force, ie without further energy from outside, is derived.
- this object is achieved with a pivoting sliding door of the type mentioned above in that the roller lever is displaceable along a predetermined, preferably arcuate path up to a position determined by a stop and can be pivoted into the stop position into a locked position, in which a locking element ement of the roller lever engages in a portal-fixed locking.
- the locked position corresponds more or less to a dead center position or over-center position, which prevents the door from being pressed on from the inside.
- the essence of the invention is that with the beginning of the door closing movement of the roller lever is first moved along a predetermined path up to a predetermined position by a stop. Although the lifting point prevents further displacement of the roller lever, but allows its pivoting, which is imposed in the following the roller lever by the door closing movement.
- the roller lever itself has no own drive, all its movements are due to the movement of the door leaf, which in turn is moved by the door drive in the direction along the door leaf level.
- the roller lever After pivoting, so in the closed state of the door, the roller lever is by a lock, e.g. a behind an edge engaging pin of the roller lever in a locked position or dead center with respect to a force acting normally on the inside of the door leaf.
- a lock e.g. a behind an edge engaging pin of the roller lever in a locked position or dead center with respect to a force acting normally on the inside of the door leaf.
- Such locks are usually realized in the door drive itself and are formed for example in the form of a spindle lock for the attached to a spindle nut support arm of the door leaf.
- those components of the lateral force that would cause the roller lever to pivot out of its detent and thus to deploy the door leaf are caught by the latch of the door leaf, while components normally being received by the portal-fixed detent.
- the pivoting sliding door is characterized in that the predetermined path is determined by a pivotally connected to the roller lever about an axis lever which is pivotally connected to the car body about an axis, and a portalfestation along the one on the door leaf remote lever arm Roller lever arranged guide element, eg a pin, a roller od. Like., Is displaced. By this measure, a bow or circular extending displacement of the roller lever can be realized in a very elegant manner.
- the pivoting sliding door is characterized in that the predetermined path is determined by a carriage-box-fixed guide in which the roller lever is moved by means of guide elements, e.g. Pin, rollers od. Like., Is displaced.
- guide elements e.g. Pin, rollers od.
- Is displaced the shape of the guide determines the beginning of Ausstellterrorism and the number of moving parts is reduced by this measure.
- FIG. 1 shows the fully opened according to the invention pivot sliding door
- FIG. 2 shows the pivoting sliding door of FIG. 1 before the start of the door closing movement
- FIG. 3 shows the pivoting sliding door of FIG. 1 shortly before the start of the locking process
- the sliding door according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 comprises a door leaf 3 with a guide rail 4, in which a roller lever 1 engages with its roller 2. Outside of the guide rail 4 is also a roller 8 mounted on the roller 8, which, together with the roller 2, a part of the wall of the guide rail clasps.
- the roller lever 1 is rotatably mounted on a pivot lever 5 about the vertical axis Ml.
- the lever 5 is in turn rotatably mounted in the region of the secondary closing edge with respect to the portal about a vertical axis M2.
- the pivoting of the two levers 1 and 5 against each other is limited by a stop Al on the lever 5.
- a roller 7 is rotatably mounted, which is guided along a portal fixed link guide.
- the end of the arcuate link guide is characterized by a kink Kl and at the same time represents a locking of the roller lever 1, in which the roller 7 engages with the door closed.
- Fig. 1 shows the fully open pivot sliding door.
- the door leaf 3 is guided along the path "S" in the guide rail 4 and freely displaceable .
- Fig. 2 shows the position of the door leaf after its displacement by the path "S", but in still fully pivoted position.
- the roller 2 attached to the roller lever 1 is moved by the end of the guide rail 4.
- the roller lever 1 is pivotally connected to the pivot lever 5 about the vertical axis Ml and the pivot lever 5 in turn is pivotally connected to a portalfesten bracket 6 about the vertical axis M2.
- a mounted on the roller lever 1 support roller 7 abuts the backdrop shaped part of the base bracket 6, thus preventing rotation of the roller lever 1 about the vertical axis Ml and causes the common rotation of the roller lever 1 and the lever 5 about the vertical axis M2. This pure rotational movement continues until the break point K of the scenery has been reached.
- Fig. 3 shows the beginning of the locking process.
- the attached to the roller lever 1 support roller 7 is guided about the vertical axis Ml on the kink point K of the gate and placed in a locked position, which - as shown in Fig. 4 - a reverse rotation of the lever system in the direction of the opening movement by one of the interior of the Vehicle normally acting on the door leaf force - indicated in Fig. 4 with an arrow F - - prevents, so that at the end of the door path of the door at the trailing edge is locked by the concerns of the support roller 7 on the buckling contour of the portalfesten console 6.
- the pivot lever 5 With the end of the rotational movement of the pivot lever 5 thus begins the pivoting of the roller lever. 1
- This rotational movement is limited by a stop Al mounted on the pivoting lever 5, whereby upon further opening movement of the door leaf 3 the roller lever 1 and the lever 5 rotate about the vertical axis M2 until another stop A2 mounted on the pivoting lever 5 limits this rotational movement, the rollers 2 and 8 occupy such a position relative to the guide rail 4, that it is longitudinally displaceable between the rollers 2 and 8 and the door 3 is again in the fully swung-out position, as shown in Fig. 1, brought. With the door closed, the outer side of the guide rail adjoining the roller 8 serves to pivot the roller lever 1 when the door leaf is driven.
- rollers 2 and 8 on the roller lever 1 are also made such that up to the beginning of the locking operation, a force in the direction of the arrow -F on the door 3 allows no rotation of the lever system to M2. Also forces in the direction of the arrow F are reliably intercepted by the lever assembly on the stop A2, so that the door leaf is kept stable even when it is open.
- the roller 8 resting against the outside of the guide rail is offset laterally in the direction of the secondary closing edge with respect to the roller 2 engaging in the guide rail. It therefore serves as a support of the door panel.
- FIGS. 1 and 4 Part 11 of the Ausstellwegs is shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 visible.
- the component of the transverse to the door leaf force F, causing a pivoting of the roller lever 1 is collected directly from the lock of the door leaf due to the flatness of the Ausstellkurve.
- the component perpendicular to this is introduced directly into the portal via the portal-fixed locking of the roller lever.
- the lever system itself has no own drive and can only be pivoted by the movement of the door leaf.
- the predetermined path along which the roller lever in the door closing or ⁇ ffhungsterrorism is displaceable determined by an additional pivot lever 5 in conjunction with a slotted guide.
- the joint Ml moves on a circular path, and the roller 7 on a circular or arcuate contour of a portal fixed guide.
- the roller lever 1 in a guide, e.g. an arcuate, preferably circular slide guide or a guide rail, e.g. about two engaging in the guide pins, rollers, etc. slidably.
- a stop position serves to limit the sliding lever lever displacement during the door closing operation, but at the same time allows pivoting of the roller lever. This can e.g.
- roller lever pin preferably arranged at the end of the roller lever pin can escape over a recess in the guide rail from the guide rail in the direction of the portal wall and by pivoting the roller lever, similar to in Fig. 3rd represented, behind an edge can take a locked position or a dead center.
- a locking element designed especially for this purpose can engage in the checkbox-proof locking, e.g. a pin, a bridge or the like.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0026405A AT501468B8 (de) | 2005-02-17 | 2005-02-17 | Schwenkschiebetür |
PCT/EP2006/001134 WO2006087132A1 (de) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-02-09 | Schwenkschiebetür |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1853474A1 true EP1853474A1 (de) | 2007-11-14 |
EP1853474B1 EP1853474B1 (de) | 2009-10-21 |
Family
ID=36228591
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06706773A Not-in-force EP1853474B1 (de) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-02-09 | Schwenkschiebetür |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8122644B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1853474B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101119881B (de) |
AT (2) | AT501468B8 (de) |
DE (1) | DE502006005181D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2334516T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006087132A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2218601A4 (de) * | 2007-10-26 | 2013-01-23 | Train Automatic Solutions In & Out Tasio | Zum ermöglichen einer translationsbewegung von schiebetüren und zum betätigen der sperrung derselben bestimmtes system |
JP5020853B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-18 | 2012-09-05 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | スイングスライドドアの開閉装置 |
ES2354004T3 (es) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-03-09 | TER GmbH Komponenten für Aufzüge und Verkehrsmittel | Dispositivo de guía y enclavamiento de un sistema de puerta pivotante corrediza. |
ATE494173T1 (de) * | 2008-09-22 | 2011-01-15 | Ter Gmbh Komponenten Fuer Aufzuege Und Verkehrsmittel | Schwenkschiebetürsystem |
DE202009002622U1 (de) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-07-22 | Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Hallstadt | Antriebsanordnung zur Betätigung einer Klappe eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
US20110148262A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-23 | Whirlpool Corporation | Load limiting hinge with spring loaded gate for freestanding appliance |
EP2362046B1 (de) * | 2010-02-19 | 2015-05-27 | Oy Tamware AB | Gleitmechanismus für Schwenkschiebetür |
DE102010029065B4 (de) * | 2010-05-18 | 2023-10-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Türkantenschutzeinrichtung |
US8353555B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2013-01-15 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Link-type sliding door mechanism |
US8336949B2 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-12-25 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Link-type sliding door mechanism |
KR101157801B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-06-25 | 풍원공업 주식회사 | 도어 힌지 |
CN102001344B (zh) * | 2010-11-01 | 2013-05-29 | 南京康尼机电股份有限公司 | 铁路车辆门系统承载驱动机构 |
DE202011002810U1 (de) * | 2011-02-16 | 2011-06-09 | Inter Ikea Systems B.V. | Mechanismus für Schiebetür |
MX2011004140A (es) | 2011-04-15 | 2012-01-03 | Quinasa S A P I De C V | Composicion alimenticia en polvo y comprimidos basada en aguacate, mango, nopal y avena deshidratados. |
KR101886445B1 (ko) | 2012-10-19 | 2018-08-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량용 슬라이딩 도어의 직선형 센터레일 링크 구조 |
AT514884B1 (de) * | 2013-09-23 | 2016-01-15 | Knorr Bremse Ges Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Schwenkschiebetürmodul mit dynamisch sicherer Übertotpunktverriegelung |
KR101673339B1 (ko) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-11-07 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 차량용 슬라이딩 도어 스윙 록킹장치 |
KR101637289B1 (ko) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-07-07 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 차량용 슬라이딩 도어장치 |
DE102015208075A1 (de) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-11-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kabine mit drehbarer Kabinentür für ein Fahrzeug |
US20170275916A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-09-28 | Lawrence E. Chaffin | Lift glide door lock assembly & lift glide window lock assembly & dual lift glide door lock assembly & dual lift glide window lock assembly |
US11008775B2 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2021-05-18 | Lawrence E Chaffin | Lift glide door lock assembly and lift glide window lock assembly and dual lift glide door lock assembly and dual lift glide window lock assembly |
DE202016105214U1 (de) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-12-21 | Gebr. Bode Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schwenkschiebetüranordnung für ein Fahrzeug |
CN107630618B (zh) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-05-03 | 乌鲁木齐城市轨道集团有限公司 | 紧急疏散门开门机构和城轨车辆 |
US10787845B2 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-09-29 | Ford Global Technologies Llc | Dual pivot hinge assemblies |
KR20210069304A (ko) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 대향형 슬라이딩 도어의 유동 방지 구조 |
CN111236800B (zh) * | 2020-02-15 | 2021-08-20 | 佛山市美之选科技有限公司 | 一种基于杠杆摆动平移的密封窗 |
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US1832174A (en) * | 1930-06-24 | 1931-11-17 | Edward J Zahner | Frame with opening and closure therefor |
US3318048A (en) * | 1965-05-27 | 1967-05-09 | Jamison Cold Storage Door Comp | Combination guide and latch roller |
US3383798A (en) * | 1966-03-18 | 1968-05-21 | Evans Prod Co | Door construction |
US3640565A (en) * | 1969-04-11 | 1972-02-08 | Edwin G Anderson | Telescopic cover assembly for open bed vehicles and latch assembly for use therewith |
US3683552A (en) * | 1970-11-09 | 1972-08-15 | Hennessy Products | Plug door control mechanism |
US3750335A (en) * | 1972-05-05 | 1973-08-07 | Pullman Inc | Operating mechanism for plug type door |
DE2657286A1 (de) * | 1975-12-20 | 1977-06-30 | Westinghouse Brake & Signal | Schiebetuervorrichtung |
DE2602610C2 (de) * | 1976-01-24 | 1983-09-08 | Duewag AG, 4150 Krefeld | Fahrzeugtür, insbesondere für Schienenfahrzeuge |
DE3630229A1 (de) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-03-17 | Kiekert Gmbh Co Kg | Schwenkschiebetuer fuer fahrzeuge |
DE3710451A1 (de) * | 1987-03-30 | 1988-10-20 | Kiekert Gmbh Co Kg | Teleskopschwenkschiebetuer fuer schienenfahrzeuge |
US5896704A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1999-04-27 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Track arrangement for vehicle sliding door |
AT409616B (de) * | 1998-02-10 | 2002-09-25 | Ife Gmbh | Schwenkschiebetür für ein fahrzeug |
DE10022050A1 (de) * | 2000-05-06 | 2001-11-29 | Bode Gmbh & Co Kg | Zweiflügelige Schwenkschiebetür für Fahrzeuge zur Personenbeförderung |
US6681448B2 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2004-01-27 | Ventra Group Inc. | Hinge assembly for a vehicle door |
US6386621B1 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2002-05-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Reverse opening vehicle door |
FR2840345B1 (fr) * | 2002-05-30 | 2005-05-06 | Plastic Omnium Cie | Mecanisme de guidage d'une portiere coulissante, portiere coulissante et vehicule automobile muni d'un tel mecanisme |
AT500017B8 (de) * | 2003-01-21 | 2007-02-15 | Knorr Bremse Gmbh | Schwenkschiebetür für fahrzeuge |
DE202004002908U1 (de) * | 2004-02-25 | 2004-05-06 | Gebr. Bode Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zur Verriegelung einer Schwenkschiebetür für Fahrzeuge zur Personenbeförderung, insbesondere Fahrzeuge des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs |
DE502004005128D1 (de) * | 2004-04-10 | 2007-11-15 | Fahrzeugtechnik Dessau Ag Rail | Schwenkschiebetür für Schienenfahrzeuge |
-
2005
- 2005-02-17 AT AT0026405A patent/AT501468B8/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-02-09 US US11/816,506 patent/US8122644B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-09 ES ES06706773T patent/ES2334516T3/es active Active
- 2006-02-09 DE DE502006005181T patent/DE502006005181D1/de active Active
- 2006-02-09 AT AT06706773T patent/ATE446231T1/de active
- 2006-02-09 CN CN2006800052550A patent/CN101119881B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-09 WO PCT/EP2006/001134 patent/WO2006087132A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-02-09 EP EP06706773A patent/EP1853474B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2006087132A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT501468B8 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
AT501468A4 (de) | 2006-09-15 |
US8122644B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
AT501468B1 (de) | 2006-09-15 |
ATE446231T1 (de) | 2009-11-15 |
WO2006087132A8 (de) | 2006-11-02 |
DE502006005181D1 (de) | 2009-12-03 |
EP1853474B1 (de) | 2009-10-21 |
WO2006087132A1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
ES2334516T3 (es) | 2010-03-11 |
CN101119881A (zh) | 2008-02-06 |
CN101119881B (zh) | 2010-06-02 |
US20090007491A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
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