EP1768150B1 - Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter Schaltleistung - Google Patents

Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter Schaltleistung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1768150B1
EP1768150B1 EP05405556A EP05405556A EP1768150B1 EP 1768150 B1 EP1768150 B1 EP 1768150B1 EP 05405556 A EP05405556 A EP 05405556A EP 05405556 A EP05405556 A EP 05405556A EP 1768150 B1 EP1768150 B1 EP 1768150B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas flow
partial gas
gas
switching
partial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP05405556A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1768150A1 (de
Inventor
Andreas Dahlquist
Christian Franck
Martin Kriegel
Martin Seeger
Henrik Nordborg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to DE502005009041T priority Critical patent/DE502005009041D1/de
Priority to EP05405556A priority patent/EP1768150B1/de
Priority to AT05405556T priority patent/ATE458259T1/de
Priority to US11/520,619 priority patent/US8389886B2/en
Priority to JP2006255278A priority patent/JP2007095680A/ja
Priority to CN2006101396232A priority patent/CN1941243B/zh
Priority to KR1020060093655A priority patent/KR101320770B1/ko
Publication of EP1768150A1 publication Critical patent/EP1768150A1/de
Publication of EP1768150B1 publication Critical patent/EP1768150B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/74—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/57—Recuperation of liquid or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H2033/888—Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of high-voltage technology, in particular the high-voltage circuit breakers in electrical power distribution networks. It is based on a method and a high voltage switch according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • a flow control device which surrounds the extinguishing gas flow coaxially and has a lateral surface with two outflow openings.
  • the lateral surface of the flow-deflecting device defines an exhaust gas volume. Partial flows of the quenching gas flow out of the outflow openings into the switching chamber volume. The outflow directions of the directly opposite outflow openings are directed so that they intersect each other. It is thereby achieved that the extinguishing gas is favorably mixed after passing through the respective outflow openings.
  • the outlet openings may be associated with additional swirling body or baffles to additionally swirl the leaking from the outlet openings switching gas. By mixing and turbulence, the extinguishing gas flow is braked upon entry into the switching chamber volume, cooled and dielectrically solidified to avoid flashovers on the switching chamber housing.
  • a high voltage circuit breaker is disclosed with an interrupter unit, in which The exhaust gases are deflected twice by 180 °.
  • a concentrically arranged, hollow cylindrical, radially flowed through perforated plate is present on the fixed contact side.
  • the perforated plate serves as a heat sink, which extracts heat from the quenching gas.
  • the perforated plate does not increase the flow resistance for the quenching gas. In the area of the perforated plate, a uniform, laminar quenching gas flow is maintained.
  • a circuit breaker in which exhaust gas is also passed from an arc chamber through a hollow contact in a concentrically arranged exhaust volume and from there into a more external extinguishing chamber volume.
  • at least one intermediate volume and possibly an additional volume are arranged concentrically between the hollow contact and the exhaust volume and separated from one another by intermediate walls which have bores or gas passage openings. Due to the radial outflow of the switching gases from the inner to the outer volumes, the exhaust gases are jet-like directed and vortexed on the partition walls of the volumes. In this way, heat is transferred turbulently convective to the intermediate walls in a highly efficient manner.
  • the passage openings between the hollow contact volume, the intermediate volume and optionally the additional volume are offset from each other on the circumference.
  • the passage openings between the additional volume and the exhaust volume are arranged offset from each other on the circumference and / or in the axial direction.
  • the invention is based on the prior art according to US 4,471,187 , There, a high voltage switch is shown with a special exhaust design, wherein cold gas is present in the outflow volume, the outflow volume is bypassed by a first partial gas flow and only a second partial gas flow displaces the cold gas from the outflow volume.
  • the first and second partial gas flows are flowed together at the open end of the outflow volume into the large-volume switching circuit housing.
  • the invention consists in a method for cooling a switching gas in an electrical switching device for electrical power grids, in particular in a high voltage switch, wherein the switching device comprises a switching chamber which is enclosed by a switching chamber housing, wherein further in a switching process hot switching gas from an arc extinguishing zone to a Cold gas filled exhaust area flows and the hot switching gas is split into at least two partial gas flows, wherein at least a portion of the cold gas is stored in the exhaust area and the first partial gas flow bypasses the cached cold gas and is discharged into the switching chamber and with the help of the second partial gas flow, the cached cold gas displaced from the exhaust area and mixed before flowing into the switching chamber housing with the first partial gas flow, wherein behind the mixing zone and before entering the Scha lthunt housing in a mixing channel, the first partial gas flow is additionally mixed with the cached cold gas.
  • the embodiment according to claim 2 and 10 has the advantage that the first partial gas flow flows out of the exhaust largely at the same time as the stored cold gas, which is displaced from the second partial gas flow from the exhaust area and in particular the intermediate storage volume.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical switching device for an electrical energy supply network, in particular a high-voltage switch.
  • the switching device comprises a switching chamber, which is enclosed by a switching chamber housing and a Arc extinguishing zone and an exhaust volume for cooling of hot switching gas, wherein at the beginning of a switching operation, an exhaust area of the exhaust volume is filled with cold gas, means for splitting the hot switching gas in at least two partial gas flows are present, further in the exhaust area a buffer storage volume for storing cold gas is present, a first means is present, which directs the first partial gas flow, bypassing the intermediate storage volume in the switching chamber housing, and a second means is provided, which directs the second partial gas flow to the stored cold gas and thereby causes the displacement of the stored cold gas from the intermediate storage volume behind the mixing zone and before entering the switching chamber housing a mixing channel is arranged, in which an additional mixing of the first partial gas flow with the displaced from the intermediate storage volume cold gas st attfindet.
  • the embodiments according to claim 15-19 indicate preferred structural embodiments for the buffer storage volume.
  • Fig. 1 shows simplified the exhaust area of a conventional high-voltage switch, which is constructed concentrically around a switch axis 1a and in the hot switching gas 11, 110 from the arc zone 6 along a path, here a meandering path, is discharged from the exhaust volume 4 into the switching chamber 2.
  • the cold gas 111 is forced out of the exhaust area, without contributing to the cooling of the switching gas 11, 110.
  • Fig. 2 shows a simplified embodiment of a switching gas cooling according to the invention.
  • the hot switching gas 11, 110 is split into two partial gas flows 11a, 11b, at least part of the cold gas 111 is temporarily stored in the exhaust area 7, 8, the first partial gas flow 11a is conducted past the cached cold gas 111 and flowed into the switching chamber 2, and with the aid of the second partial gas flow 11b the cached cold gas 111 is removed from the exhaust area 7, 8 displaced and mixed before flowing out into the switching chamber housing 3 with the first partial gas flow 11a.
  • the mixed switching gas 13 has already at the beginning of the switching gas emission a significantly reduced temperature compared to the conventional exhaust according to Fig. 1 where first cold gas 111 and then the relatively little cooled hot gas 110 flows out.
  • further embodiments of the switching gas cooling process in connection with the Fig. 2-9 discussed.
  • the longer path can be divided into at least two paths, namely into the second partial gas flow 11b and a third or further partial gas flow 11c supporting this.
  • an improved mixing of the switching gas 11 can be achieved.
  • the cached portion of the cold gas 111 is temporarily stored in the exhaust area in a cold gas reservoir or intermediate storage volume 7, 8, wherein the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 an inlet opening 70 and an outlet opening 80 for the second 11b and the optional, further supporting partial gas flow 11c and in the region Outlet opening 80 has a mixing zone 12, in which the stored cold gas 111 is mixed with the first partial gas flow 11 a.
  • a negative pressure in the region of the mixing zone 12 is generated by the first partial gas flow 11a, through which the cached cold gas 111 from the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 is sucked.
  • the suction may be effective alone or in support of cold gas displacement.
  • the first partial gas flow 11a may be mixed with the intermediately stored cold gas 111 and in particular with a pre-cooled second partial gas flow 11b and optionally with a third or further partial gas flow 11c.
  • gas jets can also be formed in the first partial gas flow 11a and in the displaced cold gas flow 111 and directed against one another in such a way that they swirl and mix with one another.
  • the switching gas 11 is effectively cooled before or during the outflow into the switching chamber housing 3.
  • switching gas 11 can also be directed to a baffle plate 9b and cooled there ( Fig. 9 ); and / or in the switching gas 11, an extended path, in particular a meandering path, can be predetermined by means of steering means 9c and / or a recirculation area can be formed by means of turbulence means 9c ( Fig. 9 ). Other, not mentioned aids for switching gas cooling can also be used.
  • the contact tulip can also be formed as a hollow exhaust outflow tube with a Hohljorausströmö réelle 5a. Concentric with the arcing contact system 5, the rated current contacts are arranged, which in turn are surrounded by the switching chamber insulator 3a.
  • an exhaust area 7, 8 of the exhaust volume 4 is filled with cold gas 111.
  • a buffer storage volume 7, 8 for storing cold gas 111 is arranged, wherein a first means 71; 101, 102, which directs the first partial gas flow 11a, bypassing the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 into the switching chamber housing 3, and a second means 7a, 7b, 72 is present, which directs the second partial gas flow 11b to the stored cold gas 111 and thereby the displacement of the stored cold gas 111 from the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 causes.
  • Fig. 3-9 show this constructive embodiments.
  • a shorter path for the first partial gas flow 11a and a longer path for the second partial gas flow 11b and optionally for at least one further partial gas flow 11c should be provided between the arc extinguishing zone 6 and the switching chamber housing 3c.
  • a path length difference 2 * 1 between the longer and shorter path through a flow-through length 2 * 1 by the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 predetermined.
  • the path length difference or flow length can also be composed of two or more unequal length partial paths ( Fig. 5-8 ).
  • the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 has an inlet opening 70 and an outlet opening 80, the first means 71 directing the first partial gas flow 11a bypassing the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 to the outlet opening 80 and the second means 7a, 7b, 72 directing the second partial gas flow 11b or optionally further partial gas flows 11c to the inlet opening 70 and through the intermediate storage volume 7 to the outlet opening 80 directs.
  • a mixing zone 12 for mixing the first partial gas flow 11a with the cold gas 111 should be present, which is stored in the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 and which is displaced from the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 by the second partial gas flow 11b.
  • the mixing zone 12 can at the same time be designed as a vacuum zone 12 for sucking the stored cold gas 111 from the intermediate storage volume 7, 8. This can be z. B. by the flow conditions and in particular flow velocities of the partial flows 11a, 11b and optionally 11c in the region of the vacuum zone 12 can be achieved.
  • the mixing zone 12 can also be designed as a turbulence zone 12 for the first partial gas flow 11a and the cold gas 111, in particular of gas jets of the first partial gas flow 11a and the cold gas 111.
  • Diameter D and length L should be dimensioned so that an efficient mixture of the already premixed partial gas flows 11a, 11b, 11c with the cold gas 111 and with each other is realized.
  • the mixing channel 10 can be axially ( Fig. 3-4 . 7-9 ) and / or radially ( Fig. 5-6 ) be aligned.
  • the storage capacity of the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 is dimensioned such that a desired mixing time and mixing temperature of the first partial gas flow 11a with the temporarily stored cold gas 111 can be achieved. Also, the flow-through length, z. 2 * 1 in Fig. 3-4 , be dimensioned by the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 so that a desired time delay of the second partial gas flow 11a in the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 relative to the first partial gas flow 11b can be realized.
  • Fig. 3-9 also show preferred structural designs of the switching device 1.
  • the exhaust volume 4 is enclosed by an exhaust housing 4a having an outflow opening 101 and an exhaust port 102 to the switching chamber housing 2 out.
  • the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 is formed by a permeable body 7 a, 7 b, 8 a, 8 b, which is arranged in the exhaust volume 4.
  • the first opening 71 is close to Outflow opening 101, in particular radially opposite, arranged; and / or to provide a maximum path for the second partial gas flow 11b, the second opening 72 is located far away from the outflow opening 101, in particular axially maximally spaced apart from the outflow opening 101; and / or a third or further opening 73 is arranged between the first and second openings 71, 72 for a further partial gas flow 11c in the axial direction 1a (FIG. Fig. 8 , right side).
  • the further partial gas flow 11c the long path can be divided into at least two paths 11b, 11c. As a result, the mixing of the switching gas 11 in the outer volume 8 can be improved.
  • the second opening 72 cooperates with a deflecting device 7b, 8b, 8a for returning the stored cold gas 111 and the second partial gas flow 11b to the outlet opening 80 of the intermediate storage volume 7, 8; and / or the path length difference between the shorter path 11a for the first partial gas flow and the longer path 11b for the second partial gas flow is given by the axial distance between the first and second openings 71, 72.
  • the openings 71, 72, 73 may be holes or slots in a wall 7a, 7b of the body 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b.
  • the openings 71, 72, 73 may be arranged in a radial wall 7a and / or in an axial wall 7b of the body 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b.
  • a number, size (ie cross-sectional area A 1 , A 2 , A 3 ) and position of the first, second and optionally third openings 71, 72, 73 should be selected so that the first partial gas flow 11 a still largely in the exhaust volume 4 with the stored cold gas 111 is mixable.
  • the outer cylinder 8a, 8b surrounds the inner cylinder 7a, 7b, defines an outer volume V 2 and has an exit opening 80 for the stored cold gas 111 and the second partial gas flow 11b toward the extinguishing arc zone 6.
  • the inner cylinder 7a, 7b and outer cylinder 8a, 8b communicate with each other through the second opening 72 and optionally the third opening 73.
  • the inner and outer volumes V 1 , V 2 should be coordinated so that a desired storage capacity for the cold gas 111 and a desired flow dynamics for the second partial gas flow 11b can be realized.
  • the buffer storage volume 7, 8, the first means 71; 101, 102 and the second means 7a, 7b, 72 may be arranged in the exhaust area 7, 8 of a first and / or a second contact 5 of the switching device 1.
  • the switching device 1 may be a high-voltage circuit breaker 1 or a high-current switch or a circuit breaker o. ⁇ . Act.
  • Fig. 3-8 left side or drive contact side and right side or fixed contact side two partial gas flows 11a, 11b realized through holes 71, 72;
  • Fig. 4 left side with slots 71, 72 instead of holes and right side with large-area second opening 72 in the rear wall 7b of the inner cylinder 7a, 7b;
  • Fig. 5-6 axially aligned first and second openings 71, 72 and inner cylinder 7a, 7b shortened axially (left side) and / or radially reduced (right side); further mixing channel 10 with radial exhaust or gas outlet 102;
  • Fig. 3 left side or drive contact side and right side or fixed contact side two partial gas flows 11a, 11b realized through holes 71, 72
  • Fig. 4 left side with slots 71, 72 instead of holes and right side with large-area second opening 72 in the rear wall 7b of the inner cylinder 7a, 7b
  • Fig. 5-6 axially aligned first and second openings 71, 72 and inner cylinder 7a, 7
  • Slits 72 for the second partial gas flow 11b are dimensioned such that a hot gas jet or jet is built up and impacted against the outer wall 8a of the outer cylinder 8a, 8b, as discussed further below;
  • Fig. 8 Additional volume 9a for building up a hot gas jet or jet (left side) and third openings 73 for splitting off a third partial gas flow 11c;
  • Fig. 9 first partial gas flow 11a or, as shown, second partial gas flow 11b with further cooling mechanisms 9.
  • Aids 9, 9a, 9b, 9c; 74, 75 for pre-cooling of the switching gas 11 may be arranged in the exhaust volume 4 of the switching device 1.
  • the aids 9, 9a, 9b, 9c; 74, 75 may be arranged in the hot gas flow 110 before the splitting into the partial gas flows 11a, 11b, 11 and / or in the first partial gas flow and / or in the second partial gas flow 11a, 11b and possibly in the further partial gas flow 11c.
  • Such aids relate on the one hand jet-forming outflow openings 74 in the intermediate storage volume 7, 8 and / or in an additional volume 9a for the formation of gas jets and a baffle 75 for turbulence and intensive turbulent convective cooling of the gas jets.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
EP05405556A 2005-09-26 2005-09-26 Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter Schaltleistung Revoked EP1768150B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502005009041T DE502005009041D1 (de) 2005-09-26 2005-09-26 Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter Schaltleistung
EP05405556A EP1768150B1 (de) 2005-09-26 2005-09-26 Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter Schaltleistung
AT05405556T ATE458259T1 (de) 2005-09-26 2005-09-26 Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter schaltleistung
US11/520,619 US8389886B2 (en) 2005-09-26 2006-09-14 High-voltage circuit breaker with improved circuit breaker rating
JP2006255278A JP2007095680A (ja) 2005-09-26 2006-09-21 改良されたサーキット・ブレーカ定格を備えた高電圧サーキット・ブレーカ
CN2006101396232A CN1941243B (zh) 2005-09-26 2006-09-26 带有改善的电路断路器额定值的高压电路断路器
KR1020060093655A KR101320770B1 (ko) 2005-09-26 2006-09-26 전기 차단 장치 그리고 전기 차단 장치의 소멸 가스 냉각 방법

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05405556A EP1768150B1 (de) 2005-09-26 2005-09-26 Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter Schaltleistung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1768150A1 EP1768150A1 (de) 2007-03-28
EP1768150B1 true EP1768150B1 (de) 2010-02-17

Family

ID=35788070

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05405556A Revoked EP1768150B1 (de) 2005-09-26 2005-09-26 Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter Schaltleistung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8389886B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1768150B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2007095680A (zh)
KR (1) KR101320770B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1941243B (zh)
AT (1) ATE458259T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE502005009041D1 (zh)

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DE502005009041D1 (de) 2010-04-01
CN1941243B (zh) 2012-07-11
JP2007095680A (ja) 2007-04-12
KR101320770B1 (ko) 2013-10-21
ATE458259T1 (de) 2010-03-15
KR20070034972A (ko) 2007-03-29
EP1768150A1 (de) 2007-03-28
CN1941243A (zh) 2007-04-04
US8389886B2 (en) 2013-03-05
US20070068904A1 (en) 2007-03-29

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