EP1727937A1 - Wässrige dispersion von reaktivleimungsmitteln, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung - Google Patents
Wässrige dispersion von reaktivleimungsmitteln, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1727937A1 EP1727937A1 EP05707645A EP05707645A EP1727937A1 EP 1727937 A1 EP1727937 A1 EP 1727937A1 EP 05707645 A EP05707645 A EP 05707645A EP 05707645 A EP05707645 A EP 05707645A EP 1727937 A1 EP1727937 A1 EP 1727937A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous dispersions
- aqueous
- weight
- dispersions according
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
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- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 48
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- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical class [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical class NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical group C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FLCAEMBIQVZWIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(dimethylamino)-2-methylhex-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCC=C(C)C(N)=O FLCAEMBIQVZWIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- FABAOYOFJNAVHB-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical class OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O FABAOYOFJNAVHB-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 2
- JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCCC1=O JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IEVADDDOVGMCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybutyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C IEVADDDOVGMCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUYDVDHTTIQNMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(diethylamino)propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCOC(=O)C=C XUYDVDHTTIQNMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWJCRUKUIQRCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C WWJCRUKUIQRCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFQHFMGRRVQFNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCCOC(=O)C=C UFQHFMGRRVQFNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWERUIGPWOVNGG-MDZDMXLPSA-N 3-[(e)-dec-1-enyl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\C1CC(=O)OC1=O UWERUIGPWOVNGG-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVRNUXJQQFPNMN-VAWYXSNFSA-N 3-[(e)-dodec-1-enyl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C1CC(=O)OC1=O WVRNUXJQQFPNMN-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSPWVGZWUBNLQU-FOCLMDBBSA-N 3-[(e)-hexadec-1-enyl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C1CC(=O)OC1=O RSPWVGZWUBNLQU-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAYAKFYASWYOEB-ISLYRVAYSA-N 3-[(e)-octadec-1-enyl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C1CC(=O)OC1=O KAYAKFYASWYOEB-ISLYRVAYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCOC(=O)C=C QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZISPVCKWGNITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(diethylamino)-2-methylidenebutanamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCC(=C)C(N)=O WZISPVCKWGNITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBTKQKFURUBIHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(diethylamino)butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCCOC(=O)C=C HBTKQKFURUBIHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGXMPHBQJFXJCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCOC(=O)C=C QGXMPHBQJFXJCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCCOC(=O)C=C NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWAPMFBHEQZLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methylidenepentanamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCC(=C)C(N)=O ZWAPMFBHEQZLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFKIMJJASFDDJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-N,N-diethyl-2-methylpent-2-enamide Chemical compound NCCC=C(C(=O)N(CC)CC)C NFKIMJJASFDDJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100031260 Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase THEM4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical class C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000638510 Homo sapiens Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase THEM4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006845 Michael addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZLIXMDAMOHKAG-CVBJKYQLSA-N OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O Chemical class OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O AZLIXMDAMOHKAG-CVBJKYQLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N [(1r,2s,4r,5r)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxy-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-yl] 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)O[C@H]1C(O)[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O2 NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004985 dialkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001470 diamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- SRKUMCYSWLWLLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosyl octadecanoate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC SRKUMCYSWLWLLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAFWKDXOUWXCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NC=C FAFWKDXOUWXCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940083124 ganglion-blocking antiadrenergic secondary and tertiary amines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKDPJRCBCBQNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,2-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(C)=C WFKDPJRCBCBQNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940088644 n,n-dimethylacrylamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)C=C YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCBBWYIVFRLKCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCNC(=O)C(C)=C DCBBWYIVFRLKCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNLHOYZHPQDOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCNC(=O)C(C)=C VNLHOYZHPQDOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFOCCLOYMMHTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCNC(=O)C=C GFOCCLOYMMHTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GORGQKRVQGXVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-ethylacetamide Chemical compound CCN(C=C)C(C)=O GORGQKRVQGXVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-methylacetamide Chemical compound C=CN(C)C(C)=O PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFESGEKAXKKFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-methylformamide Chemical compound C=CN(C)C=O OFESGEKAXKKFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylacetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC=C RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUWVWLRMZQHYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylpropanamide Chemical compound CCC(=O)NC=C IUWVWLRMZQHYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCLLINSDAJVOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n',n'-dimethylprop-2-enehydrazide Chemical compound CCN(N(C)C)C(=O)C=C RCLLINSDAJVOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWPMNMYLORDLJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)C=C SWPMNMYLORDLJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C=C YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDFKEEALECCKTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCNC(=O)C=C WDFKEEALECCKTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEDOGKKOPNRRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl tetradecanoate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC IEDOGKKOPNRRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002006 poly(N-vinylimidazole) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWYYYTVSBPRQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=C BWYYYTVSBPRQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H3/00—Paper or cardboard prepared by adding substances to the pulp or to the formed web on the paper-making machine and by applying substances to finished paper or cardboard (on the paper-making machine), also when the intention is to impregnate at least a part of the paper body
Definitions
- Aqueous dispersion of reactive sizing agents process for their preparation and their use
- the invention relates to aqueous dispersions of reactive sizing agents which contain polymers containing vinylamine units as the protective colloid, the protective colloid containing less than 0.0001% by weight, based on the protective colloid, of diets. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing the aqueous dispersions, their use for sizing paper, cardboard and cardboard, and a method for sizing paper, cardboard and cardboard.
- Aqueous alkyldiketene dispersions which are stabilized with cationic starch or with anionic emulsifiers, are commercially available bulk sizes for paper.
- the full sizing effect of the papers glued with alkyldiketene dispersions only develops when the glued papers are stored.
- Such papers cannot therefore be processed immediately after paper production, e.g. finished with coating colors, or printed. Rather, they have to be stored for at least 24 hours until a sufficient sizing effect develops.
- cationic polymers increase the rate of sizing.
- DE-A-3316 179 describes AKD dispersions which contain polymers containing ethyleneimine units and a water-soluble dicyandiamide-formaldehyde condensation product. The latter increases the speed of sizing (so-called promoter effect), but does not help stabilize the dispersion.
- AKD dispersions are known from WO-A-96/26318 which contain either copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole or condensation products based on polyethyleneimines as protective colloids.
- the production of these AKD dispersions is very complex due to the copolymerization or condensation of the protective colloids.
- the use of polymers containing vinylamine units as promoters for mass sizing in starch-containing AKD dispersions is known from the earlier German patent application with the file number 10237911.4.
- the older German patent application with the file number 10237912.2 discloses a process for the mass sizing of paper, in which a reactive sizing agent, a retention aid and a cationic polymer, which is selected from polymers containing vinylamine units, polymers containing vinylguanadine units, polyethyleneimines, polyamidoamines grafted with ethyleneimine and polydiallyl dimethylammonium , are added to the aqueous slurry of cellulose fibers.
- the cationic polymers are added separately from the reactive sizing agents, or the components are metered in together without, however, a dispersion having been prepared beforehand from the components.
- AKD dispersions which, as protective colloid, are reaction products of polymers containing amino groups from the group of polymers containing vinylamine units, polyamidoamines and polymaidoamines grafted with polyethyleneimine with diketenes in the weight ratio of polymer to diketene of 10,000 : 1 to 1: 3 included.
- protective colloid is very complex.
- the object of the present invention was to provide improved aqueous dispersions of reactive sizing agents which are easier to produce and which have both an increased rate of sizing formation and adequate storage stability compared to the prior art.
- aqueous dispersions of reactive sizing agents which contain polymers containing cationic vinylamine units as the protective colloid, the protective colloid containing less than 0.0001% by weight, based on the protective colloid, of diketenes.
- Diketenes in this sense are understood to be the C 1-4 alkyl ketene dimers described in more detail below.
- Aqueous dispersions whose protective colloids are essentially free from diketenes are preferred, and those whose protective colloids are completely free from diketenes are particularly preferred.
- aqueous dispersions which generally contain less than 0.0001% by weight of reactive sizing agent;
- Reactive sizing agents include, in addition to the C 2 to C 22 alkyl ketene dimers, the C 5 to C 22 alkyl or C 5 to C 22 alkenyl succinic anhydrides described below, C 12 to C 36 alkyl isocyanates, understood organic isocyanates and / or mixtures thereof.
- Aqueous dispersions whose protective colloids are essentially free of reactive sizing agents are preferred, and those whose protective colloids are completely free of reactive sizing agents are particularly preferred.
- aqueous dispersions which contain less than 1% by weight, based on the aqueous dispersion, of cationic starch are also preferred.
- aqueous dispersions which are essentially free of cationic starch are particularly preferred, and those which are completely free of cationic starch are particularly preferred.
- At least one polymer containing vinylamine units is used as a protective colloid for the reactive sizing agent in the aqueous dispersions according to the invention.
- the amount of cationic polymers is, for example, 10 to 100% by weight, preferably 15 to 75% by weight, particularly preferably 20 to 50% by weight, based on the reactive sizing agent.
- Polymers containing vinylamine units are known, cf. US-A-4,421, 602, US-A-5,334,287, EP-A-0216387, US-A-5,981, 689, WO-A-00/63295 and
- US-A-6,121,409 They are produced by hydrolysis of open-chain polymers containing N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide units. These polymers are e.g. obtainable by polymerizing N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl-N-methylformamide, N-vinyl-acetamide, N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethylacetamide and N-vinylpropionamide.
- the monomers mentioned can be polymerized either alone or together with other monomers.
- Suitable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which are copolymerized with the N-vinylcarboxamides are all compounds which can be copolymerized therewith.
- Examples include vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic acids of 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate and vinyl butyrate and vinyl ethers such as C to C 6 alkyl vinyl ether, for example methyl or ethyl vinyl ether.
- Suitable comonomers are esters, amides and nitriles of ethylenically unsaturated C 3 to C 6 carboxylic acids, for example methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate and ethyl methacrylate, acrylamide and methacrylamide and also acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
- carboxylic acid esters are derived from glycols or polyalkylene glycols, only one OH group being esterified in each case, for example hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate and acrylic acid mono mass of polyalkylene glycol 500 to 10,000.
- esters of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with amino alcohols such as as dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminopropyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylate, diethylaminopropyl acrylate, dimethylaminobutyl acrylate and diethylaminobutyl acrylate.
- amino alcohols such as dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminopropyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylate, diethylaminopropyl acrylate, dimethylaminobutyl acryl
- the basic acrylates can be used in the form of the free bases, the salts with mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid, the salts with organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid or the sulfonic acids or in quaternized form.
- Suitable quaternizing agents are, for example, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride or benzyl chloride.
- Suitable comonomers are amides of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylamide, methacrylamide and N-alkyl mono- and diamides of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with alkyl radicals of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g. N-methyl acrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methyl methacrylamide, N-ethyl acrylamide, N-propyl acrylamide and tert-butyl acrylamide as well as basic (meth) acrylamides, such as e.g.
- N-vinylpyrrolidone N-vinylcaprolactam
- acrylonitrile methacrylonitrile
- N-vinylimidazole substituted N-vinylimidazoles
- N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole N-vinyl-4-methylimidazole
- N-vinyl-5-methylimidazole N-vinyl-2-ethylimidazole
- N-vinylimidazolines such as N-vinylimidazoline, N-vinyl-2-methylimidazoline and N-vinyl-2-ethylimidazoline.
- N-vinylimidazoles and N-vinylimidazolines are also used in neutralized or in quaternized form with mineral acids or organic acids, the quaternization preferably being carried out with dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, methyl chloride or benzyl chloride.
- Diallyldialkylammonium halides such as e.g. Diallyldimethylammonium chloride.
- copolymers contain, for example
- the comonomers are preferably free from acid groups.
- polymers containing vinylamine units one preferably starts from homopolymers of N-vinylformamide or from copolymers which are obtained by copolymerizing
- the degree of hydrolysis being e.g. 1 to 100 mol%, preferably 25 to 100 mol%, particularly preferably 50 to 100 mol% and particularly preferably 70 to 100 mol%.
- the polymers described above are hydrolysed by known processes by the action of acids, bases or enzymes. When acids are used as hydrolysis agents, the vinylamine units of the polymers are in the form of the ammonium salt, while the free amino groups are formed in the hydrolysis with bases.
- the polymers containing vinylamine units can be used in the form of the free bases, the ammonium salts or also in quaternized form as a promoter.
- the degree of hydrolysis of the homopolymers and copolymers used is 90 to 95 mol%.
- the degree of hydrolysis of the homopolymers is synonymous with the vinylamine units in the polymers.
- hydrolysis of the ester groups can occur with formation of vinyl alcohol units. This is particularly the case if the copolymers are hydrolysed in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution.
- Polymerized acrylonitrile is also chemically changed during the hydrolysis. This creates, for example, amide groups or carboxyl groups.
- the homo- and copolymers containing vinylamine units can optionally contain up to 20 mol% of amidine units, which are formed, for example, by reaction of formic acid with two adjacent amino groups or by intramolecular reaction of an amino group with a neighboring amide group, for example of polymerized N-vinylformamide.
- the average molecular weights M w of the polymers containing vinylamine units are, for example, 500 to 10 million, preferably 750 to 5 million and particularly preferably 1,000 to 2 million (determined by light scattering). This molar mass range corresponds, for example, to K values of 30 to 150, preferably 60 to 90 (determined according to H.
- Cationic polymers which have K values of 85 to 90 are particularly preferably used.
- the polymers containing vinylamine units are preferably used in salt-free form. Salt-free aqueous solutions of polymers containing vinylamine units can be prepared, for example, from the salt-containing polymer solutions described above with the aid of ultrafiltration on suitable membranes at separation limits of, for example, 1,000 to 500,000 daltons, preferably 10,000 to 300,000 daltons.
- Derivatives of polymers containing vinylamine units can also be used as cationic polymers. For example, it is possible to obtain from the polymers containing vinylamine units by amidation, alkylation, sulfonamide formation,
- Polymers containing vinylamine units also include hydrolyzed
- the graft polymers can be obtained by free-radically polymerizing, for example, N-vinylformamide in an aqueous medium in the presence of at least one of the graft bases mentioned, together with copolymerizable other monomers, and then hydrolyzing the grafted vinylformamide units to vinylamine units in a known manner.
- Polymers containing vinyl amine units that are preferred are vinyl amine homopolymers with a degree of hydrolysis of 1 to 100 mol%, preferably 25 to 100 mol%, and 1 to 100 mol%, preferably 25 to 100 mol%, of hydrolysis Copolymers of vinyl formamide and vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, vinyl pyrrolidone or acrylamide, each with K values from 30 to 150, in particular 60 to 90.
- the polymers containing vinylamine units are used in the aqueous dispersions according to the invention as protective colloids for reactive sizing agents in order to obtain aqueous sizing agent dispersions which have both an increased rate of sizing formation and sufficient storage stability.
- Suitable reactive sizing agents for the dispersions according to the invention are, for example, C 12 to C 22 alkyl ketene dimers, C 5 to C 22 alkyl or C 5 to C 22 alkenyl succinic anhydrides, C 12 to C 36 alkyl isocyanates and / or organic isocyanates such as dodecyl isocyanate, octadecyl isocyanate, tetradecyl isocyanate, hexadecyl isocyanate, eicosyl isocyanate and decyl isocyanate.
- Bulk sizing agents that are preferably used are alkyl ketene dimers and long-chain alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydrides.
- alkylketene dimers examples include tetradecyldiketene, stearydiketene, lauryldiketene, palmityldiketene, oleyldiketene, behenyldiketene or mixtures thereof.
- alkyldiketenes with different alkyl groups such as stearylpalmityldiketene, behenylstearyldiketene, behenyloleyldiketene or palmitylbehenyldiketene are suitable.
- Stearyldiketene, palmityldiketene, behenyldiketene or mixtures of behenyldiketene and stearyldiketene are preferably used.
- Substituted succinic anhydrides suitable as reactive sizing agents are, for example, decenyl succinic anhydride, n-octa-decenyl succinic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride and n-hexadecenyl succinic anhydride.
- the aqueous dispersions according to the invention usually have a reactive sizing agent content of 1 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion.
- the dispersions have a content of 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion 2 to C 22 alkyl diketenes.
- their content is, for example, 1 to 25% by weight, preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion ,
- alkyl diketenes and long-chain alkenyl or alkyl succinic anhydrides which are preferably suitable as sizing agents and processes for the preparation of anionically adjusted aqueous dispersions of such reactive sizing agents are known from WO-A-00/23651, cf. Pages 2 to 12.
- the reactive sizes are usually heated to a temperature above their melting point and emulsified in molten form in water under the action of shear forces.
- the liquid alkenyl succinic anhydride can be emulsified at room temperature. For this you use e.g. Homogenizers.
- at least one anionic dispersing agent from the group of the condensation products is used
- the anionic dispersants can be in the form of the free acids, the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and / or the ammonium salts.
- the ammonium salts can be derived from ammonia as well as from primary, secondary and tertiary amines, for example the ammonium salts of dimethylamine, trimethylamine, hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine are suitable.
- the condensation products described above are known and commercially available.
- Naphthalenesulfonic acid or its alkali metal salts are preferably condensed with formaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1: 2 and mostly in a molar ratio of 1: 0.5 to 1: 1.
- the molar ratio for the production of condensates from phenol, phenolsulfonic acid and formaldehyde is also in the range given above, any mixtures of phenol and phenolsulfonic acid being used instead of naphthalenesulfonic acid in the condensation with formaldehyde.
- phenolsulfonic acid instead of phenolsulfonic acid, one can also use the alkali metal and ammonium salts of phenolsulfonic acid.
- the condensation of the starting materials specified above can optionally also be carried out in the presence of urea.
- naphthalenesulfonic acid based on naphthalenesulfonic acid or on the mixture of phenol and phenolsulfonic acid, 0.1 to 5 moles of urea are used per mole of naphthalenesulfonic acid or per mole of the mixture of phenol and phenolsulfonic acid.
- the condensation products have, for example, molar masses in the range from 800 to 100,000, preferably 1,000 to 30,000 and in particular 4,000 to 25,000.
- Preferred anionic dispersants are salts which are obtained, for example, by neutralizing the condensation products with lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide or ammonia.
- the pH of the salts is, for example, in the range from 7 to 10.
- anionic dispersants are lignin sulfonic acid and its alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts.
- Amphiphilic copolymers are also suitable as anionic dispersants
- hydrophilic monomers with an anionic group such as monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated phosphonic acids or mixtures thereof.
- anionic group such as monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated phosphonic acids or mixtures thereof.
- (a) are, for example, olefins with 2 to 150 C atoms, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, ethylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, esters of monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 to C 5 carboxylic acids and monohydric alcohols, amides Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with d to C 2 alkyl amines, vinyl esters of saturated monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 24 C atoms, diesters of maleic or fumaric acid with monohydric C to C 24 alcohols, vinyl ethers of alcohols with 3 to 24 C atoms or mixtures of the connections mentioned.
- amphiphilic copolymers contain, as hydrophilic monomers (b), for example C 3 - to C-monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, salts of the monomers mentioned or mixtures thereof as hydrophilic monomers polymerized with an anionic group.
- hydrophilic monomers (b) for example C 3 - to C-monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, salts of the monomers mentioned or mixtures thereof as hydrophilic monomers polymerized with an anionic group.
- Aqueous size dispersions which are amphiphilic copolymers as anionic dispersants are particularly preferred
- Preferred anionic dispersants are copolymers of maleic anhydride with C 4 to C 12 olefins, particularly preferably C 8 olefins such as octene-1 and diisobutene. Diisobutene is very particularly preferred.
- the molar ratio between maleic anhydride and olefin is, for example, in the range from 0.9: 1 to 3: 1, preferably from 0.95: 1 to 1.5: 1.
- These copolymers are preferably used in hydrolyzed form as aqueous solutions or dispersions, where the anhydride group is open and the carboxyl groups are preferably partially or completely neutralized.
- alkali metal bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate
- alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, ammonia, primary, secondary or tertiary amines such as triethylamine, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, ethanolamine, morpholine etc.
- amphiphilic copolymers are not sufficiently water-soluble in the form of the free acid, they are used in the form of water-soluble salts, e.g. the corresponding alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts are used.
- the molecular weight Mw of the amphiphilic copolymers is, for example, 800 to 250,000, mostly 1,000 to 100,000 and is preferably in the range from 3,000 to 20,000, in particular from 1,500 to 10,000.
- the acid numbers of the amphiphilic copolymers are, for example, 50 to 500, preferably 150 to 300 mg KOH / g polymer.
- the amphiphilic copolymers are e.g. in amounts of 0.05 to 20, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the reactive sizing agent, used as the anionic dispersant for the production of the sizing agent dispersions.
- the amphiphilic copolymers are preferably used in amounts of 0.1 to 2, in particular 0.6 to 1,% by weight, based on the sizing agent to be dispersed.
- the content of anionic dispersants in the aqueous dispersion is, for example, 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 2.5% by weight and very particularly preferably 0.01 to 1% by weight.
- aqueous dispersions according to the invention can contain further components, such as, for example, non-cellulose-reactive hydrophobic substances which contribute to improving stability and, for example, in EP-A-437764 and
- suitable non-cellolulose-reactive substances are fatty acids, amides and esters and waxes. Examples of these without claiming to be complete are stearic acid behenyl esters, myristic acid stearyl esters, stearic acid isododececyl esters, carbonic acid diolyl ester, carbonic acid leyl stearyl esters, oleyl-N, N-distearyl urethane, paraffin, di-oleic acid glycerol esters, tris oleic acid glycerol esters and tris oleic acid glycerol esters.
- finely divided, aqueous polymer dispersions which are a sizing agent for paper, can additionally be contained in the dispersions according to the invention.
- Such polymer dispersions are known, for example, from EP-B-0051 144
- EP-B-0257412, EP-B-0276770, EP-B-0058313 and EP-B-0 150 003 are known.
- Such polymer dispersions which act as paper sizes are obtainable, for example, by mixing 1 to 32 parts by weight of a mixture
- Monomers of group (a) are styrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile or mixtures of styrene and acrylonitrile or of styrene and methacrylonitrile.
- the monomers of group (b) used are acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid esters of C to C 18 alcohols and / or vinyl esters of saturated C 2 to C 4 carboxylic acids.
- Preferably used as the monomer of group (b) are butyl acrylate and butyl methacrylate, for example isobutyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate and isobutyl methacrylate.
- Monomers of group (c) are, for example, butadiene, isoprene, C 3 - to C 5 -monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, acrylamidomethyl propanesulfonic acid, sodium vinyl sulfonate, vinyl imidazole, N-vinyl formamide, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-vinyl imidazoline and cationic polymers such as dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide or dimethylaminoethyl methochloride.
- 1 to 32 parts by weight of a monomer mixture of components (a) to (c) are used per 1 part by weight of the copolymer.
- the monomers of components (a) and (b) can be copolymerized in any ratio, for example in the molar ratio 0.1: 1 to 1: 0.1.
- the monomers of group (c) are used to modify the properties of the copolymers.
- polymer dispersions are used in the aqueous dispersions of reactive sizing agents according to the invention, preference is given to those which contain cationic polymers such as dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide and / or dimethylaminoethyl acrylate in combination with styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene and / or acrylic acid esters.
- cationic polymers such as dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide and / or dimethylaminoethyl acrylate in combination with styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene and / or acrylic acid esters.
- polymer dispersions When such polymer dispersions are used, their content is generally 25 to 300% by weight, preferably 50 to 250% by weight and particularly preferably 75 to 200% by weight, based on the reactive sizing agent.
- the invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of the aqueous dispersions of reactive sizes according to the invention.
- an aqueous solution of a polymer containing vinylamine units, at least one anionic dispersant and optionally further components such as non-cellulose-reactive hydrophobic substances and the polymer dispersions mentioned can be introduced and the reactive sizing agent therein at temperatures of, for example, 20 to 100, preferably 40 to 90 ° C. disperse.
- the sizing agent is preferably added in the form of a melt and dispersed with vigorous stirring or shearing.
- the sizing agent is first converted into an emulsion with the anionic dispersant.
- aqueous solution of a polymer containing vinylamine units is added and the emulsification step is repeated.
- the dispersions are produced in apparatuses known to the person skilled in the art, such as, for example, high-pressure homogenizers, colloid mills and ultrasonic dispersers. The resulting dispersion is cooled in each case.
- aqueous sizing agent dispersions which contain 0.1 to 65% by weight, preferably 1 to 50% by weight and particularly preferably 5 to 35% by weight of an alkyl diketene or 0.1 to 65% by weight .-%, preferably 1 to 50 wt .-%, particularly preferably 1 to 25 wt .-% and in particular 2 to 10 wt .-% of an alkenyl succinic anhydride as dispersant.
- Such highly concentrated sizing agent dispersions have a relatively low viscosity, e.g. in the range of 20 to 1,000 mPas (measured with a Brookfield viscometer and a temperature of 20 ° C).
- the pH is, for example, from 2 to 8 and is preferably in the range from 3 to 4.
- Aqueous sizing agent dispersions are generally obtained with an average particle size of the sizing agents in the range from 100 to 3000 nm. preferably 250 to 2,000 nm.
- the average particle sizes can also be less than 100 nm, for example between 50 and 100 nm, or larger than 3,000 nm, for example up to 4 ⁇ m.
- the dispersions according to the invention are used as mass sizing agents in the production of paper, cardboard and cardboard.
- Paper, cardboard and cardboard are usually produced by dewatering a slurry of cellulose fibers.
- Suitable cellulose fibers are all the common types, for example cellulose fibers made from wood pulp and all fibers obtained from annual plants.
- wood pulp includes wood pulp, thermomechanical material (TMP), chemothermomechanical material (CTMP), pressure sanding, semi-pulp, high-yield pulp and refiner mechanical pulp (RMP) as well as waste paper.
- TMP thermomechanical material
- CMP chemothermomechanical material
- RMP refiner mechanical pulp
- pulps that can be used in bleached or unbleached form Examples of these are sulfate, sulfite and sodium pulp.
- Unbleached pulps which are also referred to as unbleached kraft pulp, are preferably used.
- the fibers mentioned can be used alone or in a mixture.
- the pH of the cellulose fiber slurry is, for example, 4 to 8, preferably 6 to 8.
- the paper stock can be dewatered discontinuously or continuously on a paper machine.
- mass-sized paper products such as paper, cardboard or cardboard are obtained with a basis weight of, for example, 20 to 400 g / m 2 , preferably 40 to 220 g / m 2 .
- the paper stock is preferably additionally dewatered in the presence of a retention agent.
- a retention agent in addition to anionic retention aids or nonionic retention aids such as polyacrylamides, cationic polymers are preferably used as retention aids and as drainage aids. This leads to a significant improvement in the runnability of the paper machines.
- cationic retention agents can be used as cationic retention agents.
- cationic polyacrylamides polydiallyldimethylammonium chlorides, high molecular weight polyvinylamines, high molecular weight polyvinylamines with K values of more than 150, polyethyleneimines, polyamines with a molecular weight of more than 50,000, modified polyamines grafted with ethyleneimine and optionally crosslinked, Polyetheramides, polyvinylimidazoles, polyvinylpyrrolidines, polyvinylimidazolines, polyvinyltetrahydropyrins, poly (dialkylaminoalkylvinylethers), poly (dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates) in protonated or in quaternized form, and also polyamidoamines from a dicarboxylic acid such as adipylene acid and polyamine such as diethylamine and polyamine, which are grafted with ethyleneimine
- the cationic polymers used as retention aids have, for example, K values according to Fikentscher of more than 150 (determined in 5% aqueous saline solution at a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight, a temperature of 25 ° C. and a pH of 7). They are preferably used in amounts of 0.01 to 0.3% by weight, based on dry cellulose fibers. If necessary, further auxiliaries, as are known to the person skilled in the art from the literature, can be added to the paper stock before sheet formation. These are, for example, fixatives, solidifiers and defoamers.
- the present invention relates to the use of the aqueous dispersions according to the invention described above as bulk sizes for the production of paper, cardboard and cardboard.
- the percentages in the examples mean percent by weight.
- the K values were determined according to H. Fikentscher, Cellulose-Chemie, Vol. 13, 58-64 and 71-74 (1932) in 5% aqueous saline solution at a temperature of 25 ° C and a pH of 7 determined at a polymer concentration of 0.5 wt .-%.
- the molecular weights Mw of the polymers were measured by light scattering.
- the mean particle diameter of the dispersed particles of the polymer dispersions was determined both by Fraunhofer diffraction with a Coulter device of the type LS 230 with a small volume module and by electron microscopy. The viscosities were determined using a Brookfield viscometer at a temperature of 22 ° C.
- the ink floating time (measured in minutes) is the time it takes a test ink according to DIN 53 126 to reach 50% through a test sheet.
- the water absorption is given in g / m 2 .
- Cationic polymer obtained by hydrolysis of poly-N-vinylformamide with a K value of 75 and a degree of hydrolysis of 65 mol% (polymer containing 65 mol% vinylamine units and 35 mol% vinylformamide units) ,
- 20 g of the dispersion 1 were determined by means of an intensive with 12 g of a 30% strength by weight polymer dispersion prepared from the monomers styrene, butylacrylate and a cationic acrylamide (Basoplast 270D ®), nm with an average particle size of 45, is mixed.
- the resulting dispersion had a viscosity of 700 mPas and an average particle size of 1.7 ⁇ m at 22 ° C.
- the mixtures were then processed on a Rapid-Koethen sheet former to form a sheet with a basis weight of 80 g / m 2 .
- the sheet was then dried on a steam heated drying cylinder at a temperature of 90 ° C to a water content of 7%.
- the Cobb value of the leaves was determined immediately after drying.
- the leaves were then at 24 ° C for 24 hours stored at a relative humidity of 50%.
- the measurements were then repeated. The results obtained are shown in Table 1.
- Test Nos. 1 and 2 are comparative examples, and Tests 3 to 6 are examples according to the invention.
- Test Nos. 7 and 8 are comparative examples, and Tests 9 to 12 are examples according to the invention.
- Test Nos. 13 and 14 are comparative examples, Tests 15 to 18 are examples according to the invention.
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AU2010208154B2 (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2014-11-13 | Solenis Technologies Cayman, L.P. | Quaternary vinylamine-containing polymers as additives in papermaking |
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AT506695B1 (de) * | 2008-11-14 | 2009-11-15 | Kemira Chemie Ges Mbh | Zusammensetzung zur papierleimung |
MX369909B (es) | 2009-12-18 | 2019-11-26 | Hercules Inc | Composicion de encolado de papel. |
AT512143B1 (de) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-12-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Cellulosefasern mit hydrophoben Eigenschaften und hoher Weichheit und der dazugehörige Herstellungsprozess |
CA2901564C (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2018-02-20 | Basf Se | Aqueous emulsion of a sizing agent |
CN103410051A (zh) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-11-27 | 上海东升新材料有限公司 | 表面施胶剂乳液及其制备方法 |
CN103790071B (zh) * | 2013-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种锂皂石与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮协同稳定的asa施胶剂乳液 |
IT202200007787A1 (it) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-10-20 | Fira S R L | Composto per la produzione di carta ad elevata resistenza |
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US3006806A (en) * | 1957-02-15 | 1961-10-31 | Olin Mathieson | Sized paper and process therefor |
US2961366A (en) * | 1957-02-27 | 1960-11-22 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Sized paper and method of making same |
US3223544A (en) * | 1963-03-19 | 1965-12-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Manufacture of cationic paper sizing ketene dimer emulsions |
DE3316179A1 (de) | 1983-05-04 | 1984-11-08 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren zur masseleimung von papier |
JPH0678463B2 (ja) * | 1984-06-04 | 1994-10-05 | 日本ピー・エム・シー株式会社 | ケテンダイマー系水性分散液 |
DE3534273A1 (de) * | 1985-09-26 | 1987-04-02 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von vinylamin-einheiten enthaltenden wasserloeslichen copolymerisaten und deren verwendung als nass- und trockenverfestigungsmittel fuer papier |
SE461404C (sv) | 1988-06-22 | 1999-11-15 | Betzdearborn Inc | Limningskomposition, förfarande för framställning därav, förfarande för framställning av limmat papper, och limmat papper |
DE4001237A1 (de) * | 1990-01-18 | 1991-07-25 | Basf Ag | Stabilisierte waessrige alkyldiketenemulsionen |
DE4229142A1 (de) * | 1992-09-01 | 1994-03-03 | Basf Ag | Papierleimungsmittelmischungen |
US5470903A (en) * | 1994-07-20 | 1995-11-28 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | N-vinylamide polymers as stabilizing protective colloids in aqueous emulsion polymerization |
DE19505751A1 (de) * | 1995-02-20 | 1996-08-22 | Basf Ag | Wäßrige Alkyldiketen-Dispersionen und ihre Verwendung als Leimungsmittel für Papier |
DE19540998A1 (de) * | 1995-11-03 | 1997-05-07 | Basf Ag | Wäßrige Alkyldiketen-Dispersionen und ihre Verwendung als Leimungsmittel für Papier |
DE19710616A1 (de) | 1997-03-14 | 1998-09-17 | Basf Ag | Wäßrige Dispersionen von Reaktivleimungsmitteln, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
DE19719059A1 (de) * | 1997-05-06 | 1998-11-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier, Pappe und Karton |
DE19805121A1 (de) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung farbstoffenthaltender, wässriger Polymerisatdispersionen |
JP2001032191A (ja) * | 1999-07-13 | 2001-02-06 | Arakawa Chem Ind Co Ltd | 紙の製造方法 |
DE10237911A1 (de) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-02-26 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Vinylamineinheiten enthaltenden Polymeren als Promoter für die Alkyldiketenleimung |
DE10237912A1 (de) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-02-26 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Leimung von Papier, Pappe und Karton |
-
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2005
- 2005-02-26 CA CA2558148A patent/CA2558148C/en active Active
- 2005-02-26 US US10/589,857 patent/US8633274B2/en active Active
- 2005-02-26 KR KR1020067020314A patent/KR101186382B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-26 ES ES05707645.7T patent/ES2462340T3/es active Active
- 2005-02-26 JP JP2007501187A patent/JP4589379B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-26 CN CNA2005800063762A patent/CN1926283A/zh active Pending
- 2005-02-26 EP EP05707645.7A patent/EP1727937B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-02-26 PT PT57076457T patent/PT1727937E/pt unknown
- 2005-02-26 WO PCT/EP2005/002051 patent/WO2005083174A1/de active Application Filing
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Also Published As
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JP4589379B2 (ja) | 2010-12-01 |
US8633274B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 |
JP2007525607A (ja) | 2007-09-06 |
CA2558148A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
PT1727937E (pt) | 2014-05-12 |
ES2462340T3 (es) | 2014-05-22 |
EP1727937B1 (de) | 2014-04-09 |
CN1926283A (zh) | 2007-03-07 |
KR101186382B1 (ko) | 2012-09-26 |
US20070167558A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
KR20060134139A (ko) | 2006-12-27 |
WO2005083174A1 (de) | 2005-09-09 |
CA2558148C (en) | 2015-12-08 |
DE102004010447A1 (de) | 2005-09-22 |
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