EP1701902B1 - Procede et dispositif pour la detection sans contact d'objets plans - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour la detection sans contact d'objets plans Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1701902B1
EP1701902B1 EP04804234.5A EP04804234A EP1701902B1 EP 1701902 B1 EP1701902 B1 EP 1701902B1 EP 04804234 A EP04804234 A EP 04804234A EP 1701902 B1 EP1701902 B1 EP 1701902B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
characteristic
sheet
target characteristic
objects
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04804234.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1701902A1 (fr
Inventor
Dierk Schoen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pepperl and Fuchs SE
Original Assignee
Pepperl and Fuchs SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004056743A external-priority patent/DE102004056743A1/de
Application filed by Pepperl and Fuchs SE filed Critical Pepperl and Fuchs SE
Publication of EP1701902A1 publication Critical patent/EP1701902A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1701902B1 publication Critical patent/EP1701902B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H7/00—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles
    • B65H7/02—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles by feelers or detectors
    • B65H7/06—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles by feelers or detectors responsive to presence of faulty articles or incorrect separation or feed
    • B65H7/12—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles by feelers or detectors responsive to presence of faulty articles or incorrect separation or feed responsive to double feed or separation
    • B65H7/125—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles by feelers or detectors responsive to presence of faulty articles or incorrect separation or feed responsive to double feed or separation sensing the double feed or separation without contacting the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H7/00—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles
    • B65H7/02—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles by feelers or detectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
    • B65H2511/50—Occurence
    • B65H2511/51—Presence
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
    • B65H2511/50—Occurence
    • B65H2511/51—Presence
    • B65H2511/514—Particular portion of element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
    • B65H2511/50—Occurence
    • B65H2511/52—Defective operating conditions
    • B65H2511/524—Multiple articles, e.g. double feed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2515/00—Physical entities not provided for in groups B65H2511/00 or B65H2513/00
    • B65H2515/10—Mass, e.g. mass flow rate; Weight; Inertia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
    • B65H2553/30—Sensing or detecting means using acoustic or ultrasonic elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
    • B65H2553/40—Sensing or detecting means using optical, e.g. photographic, elements
    • B65H2553/41—Photoelectric detectors
    • B65H2553/412—Photoelectric detectors in barrier arrangements, i.e. emitter facing a receptor element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/20—Calculating means; Controlling methods
    • B65H2557/24—Calculating methods; Mathematic models
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/20—Calculating means; Controlling methods
    • B65H2557/24—Calculating methods; Mathematic models
    • B65H2557/242—Calculating methods; Mathematic models involving a particular data profile or curve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/30—Control systems architecture or components, e.g. electronic or pneumatic modules; Details thereof
    • B65H2557/31—Control systems architecture or components, e.g. electronic or pneumatic modules; Details thereof for converting, e.g. A/D converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/30—Control systems architecture or components, e.g. electronic or pneumatic modules; Details thereof
    • B65H2557/32—Control systems architecture or components, e.g. electronic or pneumatic modules; Details thereof for modulating frequency or amplitude
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
    • B65H2701/19—Specific article or web
    • B65H2701/192—Labels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the contactless detection of flat objects according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a device according to the preamble of claim 3.
  • Methods and devices of this kind are described e.g. Used in the printing industry to determine whether a single sheet or multiple sheets or a missing sheet exists for paper, film or similar sheet materials in the printing and manufacturing process.
  • a multiple sheet e.g. a double sheet is a separation of such a double sheet to protect the printing press normally required.
  • the normal printing process is modified or interrupted until a single sheet is detected again.
  • these methods and devices are also used in the packaging industry, in which, for example, labels applied to base material or carrier material are counted or checked for the presence or absence.
  • Another area of use is the detection of tear threads or tear points, especially in thin, used as wrapping films, such as cigarette packs.
  • the measuring principle used in a generic method and a device when using e.g. Ultrasound and the detection of paper in sheet-like form based on the fact that the ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitter penetrates the paper and the transmitted portion of the ultrasonic wave is received by the receiver as a measurement signal and is evaluated in terms of its amplitude.
  • the receiver In the presence of a multiple or double arc therefore sets in the receiver a much smaller amplitude, as in the presence of a single arc.
  • EP 1 201 582 A An apparatus for detecting single sheets or multiple sheets is known. For the detection of these sheets, this known device has at least one capacitive sensor and at least one ultrasonic sensor.
  • an evaluation unit for deriving a signal for the detection of the single or multiple sheet is provided. This signal is derived from a logical combination of the output signals of the sensors, wherein the appropriate detection signal is determined in an adjustment phase.
  • Another device is as a capacitive sensor from the DE 195 21 129 C1 known. This primarily aimed at the non-contact detection of labels on a substrate device works with two capacitor elements and an oscillator influencing them. The dielectric properties of the paper or of other flat objects therefore influence the resonant circuit of the oscillator with regard to the frequency, which is evaluated for detection.
  • the disadvantage here is that relatively thin papers are difficult or impossible to detect, as well as metal-clad Papers. Even very thin films are difficult to detect due to their small thickness and sometimes only slightly different from one different dielectric constant.
  • Another device of the type mentioned is from the DE 203 12 388 U1 known.
  • This ultrasonic device uses the transmission and reflection of the radiation to determine the presence and strength of the corresponding objects.
  • this device also uses reference reflectors, so that a relatively complex structure of the device is present.
  • an inductively operating device for measuring the thickness of sheets known, which may consist of non-ferrous metals or ferrous metals.
  • the measurement of the thickness of the sheets takes place here via the evaluation of the operating frequency of a frequency generator or via the evaluation of its amplitude.
  • To set this device it first requires a teach-in step in which a calibration plate is introduced into the measuring chamber and the operating frequency or the amplitude of the frequency generator is set according to a standard thickness curve.
  • a device for separating non-magnetic sheets is described.
  • a traveling-field inductor exerts a force provided opposite to the conveying direction of the laminated core, so that the present double sheet is separated into two sheets.
  • this device is completely unsuitable.
  • the DE 42 33 855 C2 describes a method for controlling and detecting bump inhomogeneities. This method works optically and on the basis of a transmission measurement. However, especially in the control of paper sheets with respect to single sheets and multiple sheets there is the problem that due to the material nature of the sheets very strong fluctuations due to inhomogeneities or the reflection behavior and the flutter of the sheets are caused. To overcome this problem, this document provides a measured value evaluation using the fuzzy logic rules.
  • a particularly useful for counting banknotes, but also in other papers and films usable method is from the DE 30 48 710 C2 known.
  • This method which is geared to the determination of the basis weight or the thickness of the materials to be detected, works with pulsed ultrasonic waves, in particular for the detection of a double sheet, ie the presence of two overlapping or overlapping bank notes, in particular the evaluation of the integration of the phase shift is used.
  • the field of application of this method is therefore primarily geared to the counting of banknotes or of comparable papers and foils taking into account the basis weights of such materials. For use in packaging materials or the counting of labels, therefore, this method seems unsuitable.
  • Another method on acoustic or ultrasonic basis is from the DE 40 22 325 C2 known.
  • This method which is based on the control of faulty or multiple sheets of sheet or foil-like objects, requires a first pass of the corresponding flat object with a calibration and adjustment process, which is carried out automatically by microprocessor controlled. It is therefore in this method, a kind of teaching first on the thickness of the object with respect to an optimal measurement and frequency range required and continue in such a first pass the detection and storage of a corresponding threshold.
  • the invention has for its object to design a generic method and apparatus for non-contact detection of flat objects, or very flexible and has a large range of materials, a reliable detection of single, missing or Multiple sheets in different sheet materials, especially papers, allows, can be done without a teach-in step largely and different rays or waves as optical or acoustic type can be used.
  • the invention takes into account that an immediate conversion of the measurement signal can be carried out in the context of an A / D conversion, whereby the digital values obtained are subjected to the measurement signal characteristic of the corresponding purely digital correction characteristic in order to achieve, as it were, directly the evaluable target characteristic ,
  • This principle of the application of a correction characteristic also has the great advantage that different sensor devices, in particular as a barrier or barrier arrangement, eg in a fork shape, can be used, whereby advantageously ultrasonic sensors or optical sensors can be used, wherein for these sensors the same procedure can be used equally.
  • the corresponding correction characteristic which may also consist of a combination of several correction characteristics, is impressed on the output side for the further amplification device Evaluation to obtain a well-evaluated target characteristic over the entire basis weight range.
  • a subsequent process step e.g. can be realized in a microprocessor, the detection of the corresponding planar object with respect to certain thresholds, so that a clear detection signal is obtained single-sheet, missing sheet or multiple sheet.
  • the method also provides that the measurement signal obtained in the receiver or its measurement signal characteristic is subjected directly to an analog-to-digital conversion, these digital values, taking into account a corresponding purely digital correction characteristic, to a target characteristic with generation of a corresponding Detection signals are processed.
  • these measures have the advantage of providing reliable detection of the corresponding flat objects over a very large grammage and basis weight range achieved without the need for a teach-in process, which would lead to downtime of the system.
  • the dynamic range of the evaluation is considerably expanded, so that the detection of very thin or very inhomogeneous materials that tend to flutter behavior, with good security is feasible.
  • the method according to the invention therefore makes it possible, on the basis of the amplitude evaluation of the measurement signal obtained in the receiver, by means of correction characteristic curve and target characteristic curve, to reliably distinguish between single sheet, missing sheet and multiple sheet or double sheet, and this for very thin or very sound-transmissive objects, eg with a surface weight of 8 g / m 2 or about 10 microns thick, up to relatively thick and strong sound transmissive objects up to 4000 g / m 2 , for example, with a thickness of 4 mm, without a previous teach-in process safely differ.
  • very thin or very sound-transmissive objects eg with a surface weight of 8 g / m 2 or about 10 microns thick, up to relatively thick and strong sound transmissive objects up to 4000 g / m 2 , for example, with a thickness of 4 mm, without a previous teach-in process safely differ.
  • the invention also envisages taking account of correction characteristic curves which represent a combination of different correction characteristics, whereby these combined correction characteristics also only partially over partial areas of the entire grammage range can be applied. This makes it possible to achieve the target characteristics with improved approximation to the ideal curve for detection of single sheets.
  • the correction characteristic can also sections as a linear or non-linear characteristic, as a single or multiple logarithmic curve, as an exponential curve, as a hyperbolic curve, as Traverse, be designed as a function of any degree or empirically determined or calculated characteristic or as a combination of several of these characteristics.
  • the target characteristic for different material spectra is divided into three sections. In three areas a partial target characteristic for the gram weight range above 1200 g / m 2 for very thick papers and another portion below 20 g / m 2 can be formed for a very thin paper, for example, spectrum.
  • the introduction of portions of the target characteristic thus allows for improved reliability in terms of single, false or multiple arc detection.
  • the amplitude value is compared with threshold values based on the target characteristic. These are in particular an upper threshold for air and a lower threshold for double or multiple sheets. Therefore, if the received measurement signal with the corresponding value of the target characteristic is greater than the upper threshold value, this is evaluated as a "missing signature".
  • a received measuring signal smaller than the lower threshold value means a "multiple or double sheet”. For a received measurement signal with the corresponding value on the target characteristic between the threshold values, this is detected as a "single arc".
  • the thresholds in particular for multiple sheets, solid or sections can be firmly defined or interpreted dynamically carried.
  • a dynamic double arch threshold can be used in this sense to an additional extension of the measurable grammages.
  • the single sheet value can be measured and evaluated with the associated multiple sheet value, for example as a polygon function, if it is a simple function, such as a sloping straight line or a constant value for the single sheet.
  • Method and device can be realized well in particular by means of at least one ultrasonic sensor device.
  • the sensor device preferably has at least one coordinated and coaxially aligned ultrasound transducer pair.
  • the method and apparatus according to the invention are also applicable to optical sensors.
  • the operating mode of the sensor device is selectable or switchable depending on the material spectra to be detected and the operating conditions as pulse operation or continuous operation.
  • continuous operation an inclined mounting of the sensor pair is preferable in order to avoid interference or standing waves by means of this measure.
  • the continuous operation is designed, so to speak, as quasi-continuous operation, for example by periodically switching off the signal and switching it on again in comparison to the evaluation time of short periods of time. To avoid standing waves can also be provided phase jumps in the transmission signal.
  • the first sensor eg according to the ultrasound transmission method, and the principle of the characteristic curves - correction work - would work, while the second sensor would work according to the scanning principle.
  • such an embodiment offers the advantage that the first sensor, which operates on the principle of the correction characteristic, can do without a teach-in process, and all mechanical materials which measure below the local resolution of the thickness second sensor is located, virtually without exception can be detected. This is based on a local resolution of the thickness-measuring second sensor of about 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the second sensor which is expediently corrected with a metal bracket, therefore does not necessarily require a teach-in process, since it can detect false, single and multiple sheets as a layer height due to the generous minimum resolution of, for example, 0.5 mm.
  • the second sensor can be omitted in the case, for example, if the distance from the second sensor to the material-carrying soil material of the machine is known and if it is ensured that when switching on the machine rests for a defined minimum period a single sheet.
  • the transmission signal with at least one modulation frequency.
  • tolerances of the transducers can be corrected or compensated in the case of ultrasound sensors.
  • the sensor elements are tuned to each other, they usually have different resonance frequencies. If a frequency sweep f s with a frequency significantly lower than the exciting frequency is used for a frequency modulation, the resonance maximum of the sensor elements is periodically exceeded. If the response time of the sensor is significantly less than 1 / f s , the transducer properties of each individual sensor element or pair of sensors can be used optimally for ultrasonic transmission in this way.
  • the frequency sweep will normally be up to several 10 kHz.
  • the tolerances of the sensor elements are expediently corrected automatically before or during operation. This is done by normalizing the sensor element pairs to a fixed value at a predetermined fixed distance, in particular the optimal mounting distance. As a result, bad sensor elements are made better and good sensor elements or converters made worse. To compensate for this, a correction factor is necessary. According to the method, this can be done by the use of a line stored or calculated in the microprocessor as value pairs, since the measurement signal has already been transmitted with e.g. a simple logarithmic correction characteristic is evaluated and the correction characteristic generates an approximately linearly falling target characteristic over the transducer or sensor element spacing. That the input signal at the microprocessor of an evaluation device falls to a good approximation linearly with the transducer distance. Therefore, the correction of the values is easy even with variable distance, since when turning on a corresponding device only a straight line function for the correct initial value has to be calculated or stored as a value pair.
  • the correct determination of the sensor head distance is made by a transit time measurement.
  • the method according to the invention is advantageously further developed in that not only one sensor of a certain one Art, for example, an ultrasonic sensor or an optical sensor can be used, but that depending on the specific criteria of the area to be detected objects, even different sensors are combined.
  • a sensor device may comprise a plurality of sensors of the same type, e.g. Ultrasonic sensors with transmitter and receiver exist.
  • the sensor device may in this case have a plurality of sensors in a line, preferably transversely to the running and conveying direction of the flat objects.
  • a sensor device mounted in the longitudinal direction of the conveyed planar objects is shown to be suitable with a plurality of sensors connected in series, of the same or different type.
  • the type-specific sensor devices are preferably used here with different correction characteristics. Taking into account similar, in particular non-linear, gain characteristics in the downstream evaluation, identical or similar correction characteristics can also be used.
  • the evaluation of the target characteristics achieved in this way can be analog or digital.
  • a digitization by analog-digital conversion of the measurement signals at the output of the individual sensors with subsequent digital evaluation in the evaluation or a microprocessor is suitably possible.
  • the evaluation of individual sensors, but especially different sensor devices with different types of sensors, takes place, suitably via separate channels.
  • bus lines can be provided, which forward the corresponding signals of the evaluation device with microprocessor.
  • a sensor device based on ultrasonic sensors which is combined downstream with mechanical, capacitive, optical and / or inductive sensors, is particularly suitable.
  • the signals detected in the individual different sensor devices and supplied to one or more evaluation devices are logically linked, for example by means of an AND / OR combination, so that faulty detection signals can be excluded for the presence of single or multiple sheets. Also a selection and evaluation of output signals of different sensors can be made to determine the detection signal.
  • a combination of a sensor device with ultrasonic sensors together with inductive sensors is very well suited, in particular taking into account a logical combination of the corresponding output signals a reliable detection to single, false or double sheets are made can.
  • the construction of the sensor device in particular with ultrasound sensors, can advantageously take place in fork form.
  • Transmitter and receiver are in this case coaxially opposite in their main radiation direction.
  • cylindrical housing can be used.
  • the sensor device can be soldered or glued to the transmitter and receiver, for example, on a printed circuit board, wherein the sheets to be detected are guided in the free gap between transmitter and receiver.
  • a particular advantage of the method by means of ultrasound can be seen in the fact that the distance between transmitter and receiver in the sensor device for this teach-in-free method can be designed variably.
  • the sensor device can be adapted to different applications in the Be adjusted with respect to their distance relatively quickly, without thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement of the process is impaired.
  • a further improvement of the method can be brought about by the monitoring of the distance between transmitter and receiver and its determination. This determination of the distance between transmitter and receiver can be realized on the one hand by reflection of the radiation between transmitter and receiver and on the other hand by means of reflection between the transmitter and receiver despite a present in the space sheet material, even a thick arc. If an exceeding of the permissible maximum sensor distance is determined, then the evaluation device, eg a microprocessor, can correct the determined value. Amplitude values of the measuring signal depending on the distance between transmitter and receiver.
  • the orientation of the transmitter and receiver to each other in the main radiation direction, in particular coaxially to each other, with almost any inclination angle can be provided to the sheet plane.
  • a feedback between the transmitter and the evaluation device in particular a microprocessor, can be provided, in order to obtain a maximum amplitude at the output taking into account the material specification of the planar objects to be examined and further operating conditions. It is also possible to control the optimum transmission frequency. With this measure, aging effects of the sensor elements can be compensated and a product test of the device according to the invention, in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention in series production fully automated.
  • a feedback is provided between the evaluation device and the transmitter, by means of which a maximization of the amplitude of the received measurement signal can be carried out. It is also preferred to provide a self-alignment between transmitter and receiver with regard to an optimal transmission frequency and / or amplitude. This self-adjustment can be carried out in times synchronized with the transmission frequency, in fixedly defined pause times or else via a separate input provided externally to the sensor device.
  • the activation and selection of the corresponding channels and signals is preferably carried out via time-division multiplexing devices.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the inventive method and a device with Blockschaltartigem structure and achievable at certain points voltage curves in the sense of characteristics over a grammage or basis weight range g / m 2 of a material to be detected spectrum.
  • a corresponding sensor device 10 in this case has, on the one hand, a transmitter T and an oppositely oriented one Receiver R, between which the sheet-like objects to be detected, in the example in sheet form are moved without contact.
  • a multiple arc is shown as double sheet 2. Since the amplitude evaluation of the measuring signal UM for detecting a single sheet, a missing sheet, ie no sheet, or a double or multiple sheet is assumed for this basic example, a possible stress curve UM is dependent on the grammage or grammage g / m 2 for the measuring characteristic MK in Fig. 1a shown.
  • threshold values such as e.g. for the air threshold or as a double arch threshold, to obtain clear intersection points with these threshold values or as large as possible voltage spacings to these threshold values.
  • the principle of the invention is therefore to take into account a correction characteristic and to impress this, for example, the evaluation circuit following the receiver, for which purpose in particular the following amplifier device is suitable to over the desired grammage range to achieve a well-evaluated target characteristic for reliable detection with the decision whether a single sheet, no sheet or a multiple-specific double sheet, is present.
  • Such a correction characteristic KK is in Fig. 1b shown schematically.
  • This correction characteristic which is in Fig. 1b the dependence between the output voltage U A of the input voltage U E shows only in principle, illustrates in comparison with the characteristic curve MK after Fig. 1a , which also shows only schematically the course of the measuring signal UM that relatively high voltage values UM seen over the grammage range, little or no gain, while smaller voltage values, eg at relatively large basis weights (g / m 2 ) a much higher, possibly experience exponential amplification.
  • the resulting target characteristic ZK with the voltage U z as a function of the grammage (g / m 2 ) is in Fig. 1c also shown only schematically.
  • the desired target characteristic ZK can also be transformed from a pointwise mapping of the measurement signal U M to the desired output signal U z and thus the desired target characteristic ZK can be achieved.
  • an amplifier with adjustable gain is necessary, which then receives the correction characteristic from a microprocessor.
  • mapping of the measured signal U M to the desired output signal U z on the basis of the correction characteristic KK can also be carried out value-continuous or point-wise also continuous-value.
  • the target characteristic shown has the solid line trace having three regions. A first and a third relatively steeply sloping region and a middle, only slightly inclined to the abscissa region comprising a large grammage range.
  • a linearly descending target characteristic ZK2 passing through the end points of the first target characteristic ZK1 is shown with an interrupted polyline as an improved target characteristic.
  • the evaluation device 4 is shown in simplified form with the amplifier device 5 and downstream of a microprocessor 6.
  • the amplifier device 5 is given or impressed in the example, the correction characteristic KK, so that at the output the target characteristic ZK1 and ZK2 is obtained for further evaluation in the microprocessor 6.
  • the microprocessor 6 may then, taking account of stored or dynamically calculated data, such as threshold values, generate a corresponding detection signal with regard to single sheet, missing sheet or multiple sheet, in particular double sheets.
  • Fig. 2 and the associated one Fig. 2a, 2b, 2c . 2d schematically shows the method and an apparatus for the detection of labels and similar materials, without a teach-in step would have to be performed.
  • the reference numerals correspond to the reference numerals Fig. 1 .
  • the block-type structure shows a transmitter T, for example, for the emission of ultrasonic waves, and an associated receiver R as a sensor device 10. Between transmitter T and receiver R labels 7 are passed. The aim of the device is therefore to recognize on the one hand, whether labels or no labels are present. On the other hand, it is also possible to determine the number of labels guided by the sensor device.
  • the measurement signal UM or U E obtained in the presence of a label in the receiver R can, for example, have the characteristic curve progression over the grammage with approximately linear, nonlinear, exponential or the like gradient decreasing in a similar manner.
  • the subsequent evaluation device which may have, for example, an amplifier device 5 and a microprocessor 6 connected downstream, receives a correction characteristic curve in the amplifier 5 which, for example, increases linearly (I.) or exponentially (II.) As in FIG Fig. 2b shown, can be designed.
  • the correction characteristic for example after Fig. 2b reaches a target characteristic over the grammage range, as in Fig. 2c is represented by the curve I or II.
  • This target characteristic ZK I has the course of a negative falling line, from smaller grammages to larger grammages, optimally achieving a constant slope and a maximum voltage difference for the output voltage U z for small grammage differences across the entire grammage or area weight range provided for label detection should be.
  • the correction characteristic KK can also be a combination of individual different characteristics.
  • Other correction characteristics such as logarithmic or multiple logarithmic can be used depending on the characteristic curve of the measuring signal UM and the gain characteristic.
  • an ideal characteristic ZK I as in Fig. 2 shown to reach.
  • the curves according to the Fig. 2a, 2b, 2c show two examples of different characteristics.
  • These different characteristic curves for the measurement signal MK I and MK II are then shown by way of example illustrated schematic correction characteristics KK in Fig. 2b so transformed that at the output of the evaluation, a characteristic curve for the target characteristic ZK according to Fig. 2c can be achieved.
  • Fig. 2d a schematic representation of the output voltage U A amplifier means over the grammage range with an exemplary course of a measured characteristic curve MK E for a label and the target characteristic ZK E shown how this is achievable taking into account the amplifier impressed correction characteristic KK.
  • the illustration is exemplary for the detection of labels or splices.
  • the measured value characteristic MK E is transformed by means of a suitable correction characteristic KK.
  • each point of the measured value characteristic MK E is transformed continuously or discretely in digital systems, into a corresponding value on the target characteristic ZK E. This is shown for clarity by the arrows.
  • the amplifier voltage can very easily be in the saturation range.
  • the use of films in labels can also quickly reach the noise amplifier's borderline, since films damp very heavily. In the diagram, this can be seen approximately in the range of the grammage of 100 to 300 g / m 2 .
  • the method of characteristic curve correction can be used particularly advantageously, so that saturation of the measuring signal is avoided in the case of very thin and strongly attenuating materials, whereby ultimately a proper detection of the presence or absence of labels is guaranteed.
  • Exemplary is in the Fig. 2d nor a possible course of the measured value characteristic curve MK DB shown for a double sheet, which approximates in the upper grammage area asymptotically the double-arch threshold DBS.
  • FIG. 3a shows a schematic representation of the principal dependence of a normalized output voltage signal U A / pu of a signal amplifier as a function of basis weight or grammage (g / m 2 ) with differently designed signal amplifiers for single and multiple arc, especially double sheet.
  • the line I in Fig. 3a symbolizes a largely idealized curve in the output voltage of single arcs as a function of the grammage when using an approximately linear signal amplifier 5, wherein there is an approximate exponential decay of the voltage line.
  • This voltage characteristic I still does not take into account a correction characteristic KK.
  • a curve Ia showing a multi-bow signal, in particular a double-bow signal using an approximately linear signal amplifier, wherein the curve Ia has an approximately double-exponential drop in the multi-arc characteristic.
  • curve IIa symbolizes a multiple arc signal, in particular a double-sheet signal, with logarithmic correction characteristic, whereby approximately a single exponential drop of the multiple arc characteristic IIa is achieved.
  • Fig. 3b shows several target characteristics of single sheet with the representation of the normalized output voltage U A / pu of the signal amplifier as a function of the grammage or the basis weight (g / m 2 ) when using different signal amplifiers.
  • the top horizontal line with broken lines indicates the saturation limit or maximum supply voltage for a signal amplifier used as an example.
  • the threshold value for air or a missing sheet is shown as an example at approximately 0.7 U A / pu.
  • U A the double-arc threshold and, below it, the threshold for the noise of electrical signal amplifiers is shown by way of example.
  • the horizontal line I in Fig. 3b identifies an ideal target characteristic for single sheets.
  • This ideal target characteristic shows no saturation for thin materials and has a high distance to the threshold of the noise or the double arch threshold.
  • This ideal target characteristic means that the output voltage U A of the signal amplification would ideally result in a constant signal when various grammages or area weights are input. Since there are high residual strains with this ideal target curve for single arcs compared to the threshold values shown, safe switching and reliable detection of single arc, missing arc or double arc can be assumed.
  • Curve II shows a non-linear target characteristic with two branches IIa and IIb, which is relatively difficult to realize because of the inflection point, but can be considered as a characteristic approximating the ideal target characteristic I for single-arc curves.
  • the curve III represents a target characteristic which approximates the end points of the curve II in the simplest manner by means of a 2-point straight line connection to an ideal course as shown in the curve I.
  • this can be achieved by using a least single-logarithmic signal amplifier and shows the linearization of the measured values for single arcs over a large grammage range taking into account a corresponding correction characteristic.
  • the curve III has clear passages for the threshold values for air or for a double arc, so that clear switching points and detection criteria with respect to these threshold values are present.
  • Target curves according to the curves I, II and III therefore allow unambiguous detections over a widened compared to the prior art material spectrum.
  • the curve IV shown further shows an unsuitable target characteristic for single sheets.
  • Such an asymptotic course should also be avoided with respect to the switching thresholds to air or to the double bow, because a clear differentiation of the states, missing sheets or double sheets would then be problematic due to small signal differences to these thresholds.
  • the steep drop of Curve IV in the middle region in this example only covers a small grammage range with a clear distinction to missing sheets or double sheets. Since the target characteristic over a very large material spectrum a unique detection for single-sheet, Should allow a false or double sheet, a curve according to curve IV, should be avoided.
  • the in the Fig. 1 . 2 . 3a and 3b shown principles therefore show, in the evaluation of the received measurement signal to use a signal amplification, which is given a correction characteristic curve, the characteristic of the output voltage U A / pu depending on the grammage of the flat objects over a large grammage range inverse or nearly inverse or the Ideal characteristic for single arc detection approximates the target characteristic curve in a suitable manner. In this way, a linear or almost linear dependence between the measurement signal U E received by the receiver and the signal voltage U A at the output of the signal amplifier is achieved.
  • Fig. 4a shows schematically in the Cartesian coordinate system with the material spectrum g / m 2 on the abscissa and the percentage signal output voltage U A on the ordinate an exemplary course of a measured value characteristic MK DB for the detection of single or double sheet.
  • the required correction characteristic KK DB is also shown for this example. From this, it can be seen that, initially, a transformation of the points of the measured value characteristic curve MK in the direction of the arrows P downwards and then for larger grammages, an upward transformation to achieve the ideal target characteristic ZK i for single sheet detection.
  • the example after 4b shows corresponding curves of the characteristic curves for labels.
  • the measured value characteristic MK E is shown ex-schematically with a solid line.
  • the ideal target characteristic ZK E represents a straight line with a negative slope or a high lift.
  • the required for the transformation correction characteristic KK E is shown with broken polyline and points in this Case a discontinuity point in the intersection between measured value characteristic MK E and target characteristic ZK E on.
  • the Fig. 4c schematically shows the profile of the characteristics for the single or double sheet recognition for a case in which not the ideal target characteristic, but a real target characteristic ZK DBr is achieved.
  • the real target characteristic ZK DBr therefore has a stroke H DBr which is greater than 0.
  • the plotted measured characteristic curve MK DB could be transformed into the target characteristic ZK DBr by impressing, for example, the correction characteristic KK DB , as an upper, solid line trace . This transformation is indicated by the arrows P.
  • the diagram after Fig. 4d schematically shows the transformation of a measured value characteristic MK DB for single or double sheet recognition to the desired target characteristic ZK DB .
  • the abscissa denotes the material spectrum g / m 2 , wherein the realistic measuring range M DBr is indicated.
  • the ordinate indicates the signal output voltage U A of the measured value as a percentage. This corresponds approximately to the attenuation dB.
  • the virtual end points E1 and E2 are shown as imaginary intersections of the measured value characteristic MK DB with the target characteristic ZK DB .
  • a correction characteristic KK DB is necessary to obtain a linear target characteristic ZK DB, as shown in broken line between the end points E1 and E2.
  • the idea is therefore to transform the measured value characteristic curve MK DB in the direction of the arrows to the real target characteristic ZK DB . This is achieved, so to speak, by a reflection of the measured value characteristic MK DB on the axis ZK DB after coordinate transformation.
  • This coordinate transformation from the Cartesian coordinate system into a new coordinate system x ', y' is simplified in Fig.4f shown.
  • Fig. 4e schematically shows the transformation of the measured value characteristic MK E for labels in the desired, ideal target characteristic ZK E by means of the required correction characteristic KK E.
  • the correction characteristic KK E can be obtained by mirroring MK E at the axis of the target characteristic ZK E after the coordinate transformation (see Fig. 4f ) can be achieved.
  • Fig. 4f represented coordinate transformation shows simplifying the displacement for a rectilinear coordinate system x, y by an angle ⁇ .
  • X, y are eg the axes of the Cartesian rectilinear coordinate system.
  • Fig. 4g and 4h the basic difference between the ideal and the real target characteristic for the single or double sheet ( Fig. 4g ) and the label recognition ( Fig. 4h ).
  • the Fig. 4g for the single bow shows the ideal target characteristic ZK i , which ideally runs in a straight line, without incline, ie is constant.
  • the stroke H i 0 over the entire ideal range over the material spectrum M i .
  • the single-arc detection would therefore be with such an ideal target characteristic ZK i a maximum distance to reach the upper air threshold as well as a maximum distance to the below indicated double-sheet threshold.
  • the arrow in the diagram indicates the transition from the ideal target characteristic ZK i to real target characteristics, eg ZK 1 or ZK 2 .
  • the Fig. 4h shows a comparable diagram to target characteristics ZK for the label recognition.
  • the ideal target characteristic ZK i for the label recognition here has a maximum stroke H i over a relatively large area of the material spectrum, which is characterized as ideal material spectrum Mi.
  • real target characteristic curves ZK 1 in label recognition deviate from the ideal target characteristic ZK i in the direction of the arrow. Accordingly, the more real target characteristic ZK 1 has a smaller stroke H l and also a smaller material spectrum M 1 .
  • the illustrated target characteristic curves ZK 1 and ZK 2 can therefore be derived from the measured value characteristic MK and the correction characteristic KK essentially by the difference.
  • the example after Fig. 4j also shows schematically characteristic curves for single or double sheet recognition.
  • the measured value characteristic curve MK is derived in this example approximately from a weighted hyperbola.
  • the correction characteristic KK is a correction characteristic derived from a logarithmic function.
  • the measured value characteristic MK can be transformed in this example, taking into account the correction characteristic KK to a target characteristic ZK, which corresponds approximately to an ideal target characteristic for the single and a double sheet recognition.
  • Fig. 5a schematically the overlap of two single sheets is shown, so that in the overlap region of a double sheet 11 can be spoken.
  • This double sheet 11 is to consist of two sheets of paper, wherein the space between the two single sheets is a different material from their material. Since a non-contact detection is provided, it can be assumed that air with the parameter Z 0 is present on both sides of the double sheet and also the intermediate medium in the overlapping region of the single sheets of air with Z 0 , which is present as air cushion by the surface roughness of the materials in this double sheet.
  • the direction of action of the measuring method e.g. By means of ultrasound, in the example, is perpendicular to the double-arched region, so that a transmitted ultrasonic signal in such a "true double-bow" becomes very small due to the multiple refraction over at least three interfaces, i. the transmission factor over three layers ideally approaches zero.
  • a double sheet may be considered as a material structure having a lamination or a nesting layer and in one of the spaces between the lamination, at least one of the various sheet materials different medium, in particular air, is present, which is the sheet materials in the case of an ultrasonic measuring method has a significantly different acoustic resistance and thus leads to signal reflections.
  • signal attenuation due to signal refraction and reflection is so great that the emitted signal is disproportionately attenuated. In other measurement methods, this affects the opacity and the surface finish and color and thickness, another dielectric, other electro-magnetic conductivity or other magnetic damping.
  • a double sheet 12 is shown with splice 13.
  • the direction of action of the measuring method used which in turn is assumed to be ultrasound, is indicated by arrows.
  • a splice in the context of this consideration blunt, more or less overlapping or so executed compounds of sheets, especially sheets of paper, plastics, films and fabrics (nonwovens) considered.
  • the connection is done predominantly by means of at least one part of the surface or the entire surface adhering medium, in particular by means of one or two sides provided adhesive and adhesive tape or adhesive.
  • a splice for a method by ultrasound means an "acoustic short circuit" by the gap between the upper arch Z 1 and lower arch Z 2 filling and intimately bonding adhesive layer, above and below the single arc air with Z 0 is assumed ,
  • a splice could therefore be detected in the detection method by means of ultrasound essentially as a single sheet with a high grammage.
  • label means at least one or more layers of material or layers of material applied adhesively to a base or carrier material.
  • the layered material behaves outwardly with respect to the sound transmission, for example, like a connected piece of material, so that in some cases there is no significant damping of the respective physical quantities, but only a comparatively low, but still easily evaluable, damping.
  • Possible inhomogeneities in the carrier material or applied material are not taken into account in this consideration, since in particular labels can be assumed to be of a defect-free material.
  • the label 15 follows in the example Fig. 5c an upper material with the parameter Z 2 applied to a carrier material by means of an intimate adhesive bond. There is air with parameter Z 0 on both sides of the label. As a result of this intimate adhesive bond, an acoustic short circuit exists between the materials in a detection method by means of ultrasound, so that an analogy to splices can follow Fig. 5b is available.
  • Fig. 6 is shown schematically and block-like a device for false, single and multiple sheet detection, the correction characteristic is generated as a combination of individual characteristics. Between the transmitter T and the receiver R to be detected sheet materials or sheets are performed. The correction characteristic resulting after the amplifiers is realized in the example with a first correction characteristic in the amplifier device 21 and at least a second correction characteristic in the amplifier device 22, which is connected in parallel. The present at the output of the receiver R measurement signal or its characteristic curve over the grammage is therefore a combined correction characteristic to obtain a well-evaluated target characteristic 23, which is further evaluated in a microprocessor 6.
  • correction characteristic curve can therefore be carried out in many different ways, since the essential basic idea of the invention to carry out detection of single sheet, missing sheet or multiple sheet, and this over a large grammage range, without having to integrate a teach-in process, is maintained ,
  • Fig. 7 the schematic and block diagram like structure of a modified device for implementing the invention is shown.
  • the measurement signal of the receiver R is subsequently fed to an amplifier device 24 whose signal output is routed to a microprocessor 6.
  • the microprocessor 6 allows in this example via the feedback in the path A set a predetermined correction characteristic over the symbolized potentiometer 25.
  • a corresponding correction characteristic is calculated by means of the microprocessor 6 and the obtained or stored data and fed back via the path B to the amplifier means 24 and impressed. It is also possible to determine a correction characteristic curve empirically or via the measurement of a representative material spectrum which is to be detected, and to enter the evaluation unit including the microprocessor 6.
  • the determined correction characteristic curve C can be impressed in a discrete-value or continuous-value manner over the path B of the amplifier device 24 or the evaluation of the amplified output signal can be carried out directly in the microprocessor 6 on the basis of the correction characteristic curve C.
  • Fig. 8 is shown in a schematic representation of the empirical determination of a measurement signal characteristic.
  • a large number of materials customary in the market are passed between the transmitter T and the receiver R, and the corresponding measurement signal characteristic is determined via this.
  • the measuring range is determined by the introduction of the thinnest available sheet material A and the thickest sheet material B to be detected.
  • the measurement signal characteristic determined in this way can then be supplied to the further processing system, for example a microprocessor, in order to determine a largely optimal correction characteristic for this measurement signal characteristic in order to achieve the required target characteristic.
  • Fig. 9 schematically a device 40 for non-contact detection of multiple sheets A, without the implementation of a teach-in step, and the detection of adhesively applied to a substrate material layers B, for example, labels shown.
  • An essential idea here is to transmit the measurement signal evaluation for multiple arcs to a separate channel A with the corresponding correction characteristic curve and, in parallel, to supply the measurement signal evaluation for labels B to a separate channel B with adapted correction characteristic curve.
  • the measurement signal obtained at the output of the receiver R is therefore switched to the corresponding channel A or channel B via a multiplexer 34 controlled by the microprocessor 6.
  • the signal amplification in channel A is subject to a separate correction characteristic with optimum design for multiple arc detection.
  • the signal gain in channel B is subject to a correction characteristic for the label measurement signal.
  • Both channels A, B are fed via a subsequent multiplexer 35, which is also microprocessor-controlled, the downstream microprocessor 6 for further evaluation and detection of multiple sheet or label.
  • This device 40 is suitable both for the detection by means of ultrasonic waves.
  • the main advantage is the targeted Possibility to include the respectively most suitable correction characteristic curves for the fundamentally different measuring tasks, namely for the most diverse types of material, as in the present case multiple sheets and labels, for evaluation.
  • Fig. 10 schematically shows a graph of the normalized output voltage U A in% as a function of the grammage.
  • the target characteristic curve 42 of a single arc with logarithmic amplification over the grammage range is entered. Also shown are the air threshold LS in the upper area with a solid line and the double arch threshold DBS in the lower area with an interrupted polyline.
  • the double arched threshold can be provided dynamically, whereby this can be done constantly over sections of the grammage range. This is illustrated by the lines B1, B2 and B3.
  • the dynamic setting of the double-bowed threshold is also linear or as a polynomial of arbitrary degree running adjustable, as shown for example between the points P1, P2, P3 and P4. With this dynamic adjustment of the double arched threshold, an additional extension of the measurable grammages or basis weights can be achieved, so that the detectable material spectrum can be increased even further.
  • the Fig. 11 concerns a largely similar diagram as the Fig. 10 , wherein the course of the target curve 42 for the single bow over the entire grammage range largely matches.
  • the dynamic threshold MBS is plotted for the multiple arc and its course between the points P1a, P2a and P3a.
  • the curve 44 marks the upper value of the flutter area for a single arc and the curve 45 the lower value of the flutter area for a single arc.
  • FIG. 12a, 12b . 12c schematically shows the basic arrangement for the detection of single-walled corrugated board 51 and two-wave corrugated board 60 and the running direction L, taking into account two sensors 61, 62, in particular ultrasonic sensors shown.
  • the corrugated cardboard 51 after Fig. 12a is single-walled and has at its Adscosionsticianen with a lower bottom layer 52 and an upper cover layer 53 adhesive regions 54. These adhesive areas 54 between Pappwelle and the corresponding, eg horizontally extending bottom or top layers, so to speak, make an "acoustic short circuit" in the use of Ultrasound
  • the example in the example Fig. 12a used sensor has on the one hand the transmitter T and the receiver R, which are aligned coaxially with each other in their main axis.
  • the alignment of transmitter T and receiver R is preferably carried out approximately perpendicular to the largest wave surface 55 or at an angle ⁇ 1 to the perpendicular of the single-walled corrugated board.
  • angle ⁇ 2 marks the angle between the perpendicular to the corrugated board and the surface direction of the main surface of the shaft.
  • the optimum angle ⁇ 1 for sound coupling in an ultrasonic sensor on a single-walled corrugated board, which has a required acoustic short AK between ground layer 52 and cover layer 53, is determined by the slope t / 2h.
  • t is the distance between two wave crests and h the height of the shaft or the distance between the bottom layer and top layer.
  • the conformity of the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 is not necessarily required for the detection of faulty, single or multiple layers of corrugated cardboard.
  • a two-ply corrugated board 60 having the lower first shaft 58 and the upper second shaft 59 is shown.
  • the arrangement of an ultrasonic sensor T, R corresponds to the Fig. 12a .
  • the acoustic short circuit AK1 and AK2 between the individual layers, ie a material connection in the sense of an adhesive between the corrugations and the individual cover layers, is also essential for the detection in the case of two-wave or multi-corrugated corrugated boards. In this way, it is possible to transmit a high acoustic energy to the multiwell corrugated cardboard in an ultrasonic sensor, so that a maximum force is achieved approximately perpendicular to the spanned surface of the shaft.
  • Fig. 12c shows the schematic diagram according to which the direction of travel L, for example, a single-shaft or multi-shaft corrugated board can be detected.
  • a first sensor 61 which is formed, for example, as an ultrasonic sensor is in the arrangement, as previously in the Fig. 12a and 12b shown, provided.
  • a second sensor 62 is used rotated by 90 °. In this position, which is oriented so to speak along the wave depression or the direction of the wave crest, only the signal "multiple arc" is detected. This also, if even a "single bow" is present.
  • Fig. 13 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a device 1 for non-contact detection of flat objects, such as paper or metal-laminated sheet.
  • the device 1 consists for example of three transversely to the conveying direction F arranged first sensors 9 of a sensor device 10, which is equipped with ultrasonic sensors. Upstream in the conveying direction F, three optical or eg three inductive or three capacitive sensors 44 of a second sensor device 45 are furthermore arranged.
  • the sensors 9, 44 are guided via a bus line 46 to an evaluation device 4, which has an amplifier device 5 and an evaluation unit, for example a microprocessor 6.
  • the amplifier device 5 can be dispensed with if amplification and signal conditioning take place until the output signal is displayed in the sensors 9 and 44, so that the output signals are applied directly to the evaluation unit 6.
  • the areas 2 represent a multiple arc, in particular a double arch 2.
  • Fig. 14 is the vertical section through the device 1 after Fig. 13 shown schematically. It can be seen in particular that the transmitters T of the sensors 9, 44 are arranged very close to the sheets to be determined. This applies in particular to ultrasonic sensors.
  • receivers R of the various sensors 9, 44 are arranged above the transport path. Same elements of the assemblies are in both Figures 12 . 13 provided with the same reference numerals.
  • a single bow 3 can be seen. This is also followed by a part of a single sheet 3 between the ultrasonic sensors 9.
  • the sensor 44 with transmitter T and receiver R is directed to a double sheet 2, so that the transmitted signal is relatively strongly attenuated and subsequently in the evaluation device 4, a corresponding detection signal is generated.
  • the particularly advantageous combination of the sensors results in such a way that when a multi-sheet is not detected by the sensor 44, it is detected by the sensor 9 working with a higher degree of certainty by the sensor 9 operating according to another physical sensor principle. In this case, further sensors can be arranged over the sheet-like sheet material to the sensors 44 and 9 in the same analogy.
  • inductive sensors in combination with ultrasound sensors can be used, for example, in the case of optically opaque materials and acoustically above a certain, difficult-to-penetrate thickness, for sheet metal arches. It proves to be particularly advantageous if the ultrasonic sensor and the inductive sensor work according to the method of the correction characteristic. This extends the sheet spectrum for both physical sensor principles, with respect to thickness or material, wherein the very thin sheets can preferably be checked with the ultrasonic sensor for false, single and multiple sheets and the very thick sheets are detected by the inductive sensor.
  • the combination of at least two ultrasonic sensors for example, according to the transmission principle and the reflection principle can be used.
  • the signals supplied to the evaluation device 4 can be processed channel-wise, additively or logically linked, wherein different correction lines can be used depending on the sensor types.
  • At least one mechanical sensor can be added to the non-contact sensors in order to ensure the detection of very thick and stable materials in a simple and favorable manner.
  • the mechanical multiple-sheet control can be at a minimum distance, e.g. 2 mm, can be adjusted. Fault, single and double sheet detection below the minimum distance of the mechanical multiple sheet control is ensured by the non-contact sensors, such as optical, capacitive, inductive or ultrasonic.
  • the invention provides a device-to-device solution for the reliable detection of single sheets, false sheets and multiple sheets, especially double sheets, not only over a very broad grammage and basis weight range, but also in terms of flexible uses and different material spectra.
  • the already expanded material spectrum of a single sensor which operates according to the method of characteristic curve correction, is further expanded by the addition of at least one further sensor.
  • the addition of at least one other sensor and the logical combination of the output signals improves the redundancy and thus the detection reliability.
  • the method of the characteristic correction can be dispensed with a learning process in the sensors that operate on the method.
  • Combined sensors without characteristic correction, ie according to the prior art, furthermore require a teach-in process.
  • the teach-in procedure is considerably simplified, since the sensors which operate according to the method of characteristic correction are not to be taken into account during a learning process of the sensor combination.

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé pour la détection sans contact de feuilles simples, de feuilles manquantes et de feuilles multiples d'objets (2) sous forme de feuilles, en particulier du papier,
    a) selon lequel les objets (2) sont disposés dans le trajet d'un rayonnement entre au moins un émetteur (T) et un récepteur (R) associé d'un dispositif de détection (10) et sont transportés dans une direction de transport (F),
    b) selon lequel le rayonnement transmis à travers les objets (2) ou le rayonnement reçu par le récepteur (R) en cas de feuille manquante est reçu en tant que signal de mesure (UM),
    c) selon lequel le signal de mesure (UM) est soumis à une opération d'évaluation ultérieure (4) pour la génération d'un signal de détection,
    d) dans lequel une courbe caractéristique de mesure (MK) est formée par une tension d'entrée (UE) du signal de mesure (UM) en fonction d'une masse par unité de surface des objets (2),
    e) dans lequel une courbe caractéristique considérée comme cible (ZK) est formée pour une feuille simple par une tension de sortie (UA) sur une sortie de l'opération d'évaluation (4) en fonction de la masse par unité de surface des objets (2),
    f) selon lequel au moins une première courbe caractéristique de correction (KK) est imposée à l'opération d'évaluation (4),
    g) selon lequel la courbe caractéristique de mesure (MK) est, avec la courbe caractéristique de correction (KK), transformée en la courbe caractéristique cible (ZK) pour la génération du signal de détection, et
    h) dans lequel, dans la direction de transport (F), au moins un capteur supplémentaire (44) d'un dispositif de détection supplémentaire (45) est présent en amont, parallèlement à, et/ou en aval du dispositif de détection (10), caractérisé :
    i) en ce que la courbe caractéristique cible (ZK) décroît de manière monotone pour une masse par unité de surface croissante des objets (2),
    k) en ce que la courbe caractéristique cible (ZK) comprend une première zone, une zone médiane et une troisième zone de la masse par unité de surface, la zone médiane étant située entre les première et troisième zones,
    l) en ce que la courbe caractéristique cible décroît de manière plus abrupte dans la première zone et dans la troisième zone, pour une masse par unité de surface croissante, que dans la zone médiane, et dans lequel la courbe caractéristique cible décroît de manière linéaire dans la totalité de chacune des trois régions.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé :
    en ce que, en ce qui concerne des feuilles simples, des feuilles manquantes ou des feuilles multiples, au moins deux seuils sont imposés, en tant que seuils supérieur et inférieur,
    lorsqu'une tension de sortie est plus élevée que le seuil supérieur, l'évaluation est celle correspondant à la situation "feuille manquante",
    lorsqu'une tension de sortie est située entre les seuils, il s'agit de la situation "feuille simple", et
    lorsqu'une tension de sortie est plus faible que le seuil inférieur, l'évaluation est celle correspondant à la situation "feuilles multiples".
  3. Dispositif pour la détection sans contact de feuilles simples, de feuilles manquantes et de feuilles multiples d'objets sous forme de feuilles (2), en particulier du papier, notamment en vue de la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    a) avec au moins un dispositif de détection (10), qui comprend au moins un émetteur (T) et un récepteur (R) associé,
    b) dans lequel les objets (2) peuvent être disposés dans le trajet d'un rayonnement entre l'émetteur (T) et le récepteur (R) et peuvent être transportés entre l'émetteur (T) et le récepteur (R) du dispositif de détection (10) dans une direction de transport (F),
    c) dans lequel le récepteur (R) sert pour la réception du rayonnement transmis par l'intermédiaire des objets (2) ou du rayonnement obtenu des objets (2) dans le cas d'une feuille manquante, en tant que signal de mesure (UM), et
    d) avec un dispositif d'évaluation (4, 5, 6) monté en aval, qui est relié au récepteur (R) pour le transfert du signal de mesure (UM) et qui est agencé pour la génération d'un signal de détection,
    e) dans lequel, dans la direction de transport (F), au moins un capteur supplémentaire (44) d'un dispositif de détection supplémentaire (45) est présent en amont, parallèlement à, et/ou en aval du dispositif de détection (10),
    f) dans lequel une courbe caractéristique de correction (KK) est imposée au dispositif d'évaluation (4) pour une courbe caractéristique de mesure (MK), la courbe caractéristique de mesure (MK) étant la tension d'entrée (UE) du signal de mesure (UM) en fonction d'une masse par unité de surface des objets (2),
    g) dans lequel une courbe caractéristique considérée comme cible (ZK) est formée pour une feuille simple par la tension de sortie (UA) sur une sortie du dispositif d'évaluation (4, 5, 6) en fonction de la masse par unité de surface des objets (2), et
    caractérisé :
    h) en ce que le dispositif d'évaluation (4, 5, 6) est agencé pour la transformation, avec la courbe caractéristique de correction (KK), de la courbe caractéristique de mesure (MK) en la courbe caractéristique cible (ZK), de telle manière :
    i) que la courbe caractéristique cible (ZK) décroît de manière monotone pour une masse par unité de surface croissante des objets (2),
    k) que la courbe caractéristique cible (ZK) comprend une première zone, une zone médiane et une troisième zone de la masse par unité de surface, la zone médiane étant située entre les première et troisième zones,
    l) que la courbe caractéristique cible décroît de manière plus abrupte dans la première zone et dans la troisième zone, pour une masse par unité de surface croissante, que dans la zone médiane, et en ce que la courbe caractéristique cible décroît de manière linéaire dans la totalité de chacune des trois régions.
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé :
    en ce que le dispositif de détection (10) comprend au moins un détecteur à ultrasons et un ou plusieurs capteurs optiques, capacitifs ou inductifs en combinaison.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 ou 4,
    caractérisé :
    en ce que les signaux de mesure de différents types de capteurs (9, 44) sont amenés à différents dispositifs d'évaluation, plus particulièrement par l'intermédiaire de canaux distincts.
  6. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 5,
    caractérisé :
    en ce qu'un dispositif pour le calibrage ou pour le réglage de la fréquence d'émission et/ou de l'amplitude d'émission est prévu sur le signal du récepteur.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé :
    en ce que le calibrage peut être mis en oeuvre pendant des périodes synchronisées avec la fréquence d'émission ou pendant des périodes de pause définies.
EP04804234.5A 2004-01-07 2004-12-22 Procede et dispositif pour la detection sans contact d'objets plans Not-in-force EP1701902B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004001314 2004-01-07
DE102004056743A DE102004056743A1 (de) 2004-01-07 2004-11-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Detektion von flächigen Objekten
PCT/EP2004/014640 WO2005066051A1 (fr) 2004-01-07 2004-12-22 Procede et dispositif pour la detection sans contact d'objets plans

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1701902A1 EP1701902A1 (fr) 2006-09-20
EP1701902B1 true EP1701902B1 (fr) 2014-07-09

Family

ID=34751372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04804234.5A Not-in-force EP1701902B1 (fr) 2004-01-07 2004-12-22 Procede et dispositif pour la detection sans contact d'objets plans

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7526969B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1701902B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005066051A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005026200A1 (de) 2005-06-07 2006-12-21 Pepperl + Fuchs Gmbh Detektion und Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Aufzeichnungsträgern
DE102005037496A1 (de) * 2005-08-09 2007-02-15 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Überwachungseinrichtung einer Folienführung
DE102007046769A1 (de) * 2007-09-29 2009-04-16 Leuze Electronic Gmbh + Co. Kg Sensoranordnung
JP4618286B2 (ja) * 2007-10-01 2011-01-26 富士ゼロックス株式会社 ラベル紙の重送検知装置
JP4960466B2 (ja) * 2010-03-18 2012-06-27 株式会社東芝 紙葉類処理装置
FR2960068B1 (fr) * 2010-05-12 2013-06-07 Senstronic Dispositif de detection et de denombrement d'elements metalliques
CN107741381B (zh) * 2017-09-28 2023-10-27 江苏省建筑科学研究院有限公司 用于检测浆锚搭接连接节点灌浆密实度的装置和方法
JP6982275B2 (ja) * 2017-11-20 2021-12-17 ブラザー工業株式会社 制御装置、および、コンピュータプログラム
CN114441305B (zh) * 2021-12-22 2024-04-09 淮安市飞翔高新包装材料有限公司 瓦楞纸板抗压强度测试装置

Family Cites Families (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3278754A (en) * 1964-09-16 1966-10-11 Ibm Photosensitive double document detector
US4015464A (en) * 1975-02-21 1977-04-05 The Washington University Ultrasonic continuous wave particle monitor
US4066969A (en) * 1975-09-22 1978-01-03 Eastman Kodak Company Multiple sheet detecting apparatus
DE2632674B2 (de) * 1976-07-16 1978-06-08 Karl Deutsch Pruef- Und Messgeraetebau, 5600 Wuppertal Elektronische Einrichtung zur taktweisen Erfassung, Aus- und Bewertung von Impulsen bei der zerstörungsfreien Ultraschall-Werkstoffprüfung
US4286149A (en) * 1979-08-09 1981-08-25 Ncr Canada Ltd - Ncr Canada Ltee Apparatus and method for detection of overlapping objects
DE2936737C2 (de) * 1979-09-07 1985-01-03 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Vorrichtung zum US-Prüfen von Blechen
DE3048710A1 (de) 1980-12-23 1982-07-15 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH, 8000 München "verfahren zur pruefung des flaechengewichts von duennem material"
US4368438A (en) * 1981-01-26 1983-01-11 Oce-Nederland B.V. System for detecting sheet-like objects
US4397460A (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-08-09 Magnetic Peripherals Inc. Overlapped document detector
DE3236017C2 (de) 1982-09-29 1984-10-31 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Verfahren zum zerstörungsfreien Prüfen eines Werkstückes
DD238955A1 (de) * 1985-07-04 1986-09-10 Polygraph Leipzig Verfahren und einrichtung zur kontrolle von fehl- und/oder mehrfachbogen
DK163451C (da) * 1987-08-05 1992-07-20 Eskofot As Fremgangsmaade til detektion af isaer tynde folier
US5056771A (en) * 1989-08-25 1991-10-15 Lexmark International, Inc. Apparatus for controlling interpage gaps in printers and method of interpage gap control
DE4008600A1 (de) * 1990-03-17 1991-09-19 Koenig & Bauer Ag Laser-mehrfachbogenkontrolle
DE4022325C2 (de) 1990-07-13 2001-06-07 Roland Man Druckmasch Akustische Vereinzelungskontrolle
US5351203A (en) * 1992-08-03 1994-09-27 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Online tomographic gauging of sheet metal
DE4231261A1 (de) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-24 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Einrichtung zur Steuerung der Vereinzelung von Bogen bei unrichtiger Vereinzelung von einem Stapel
DE4233855C2 (de) 1992-10-08 1998-04-30 Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Verfahren zur Kontrolle von Bögen
DE4403011C1 (de) 1994-02-01 1995-02-16 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Vereinzelung von unmagnetischen Blechen
DE19521129C1 (de) 1995-06-09 1996-10-31 Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Kapazitiver Sensor
US6486464B1 (en) * 1996-11-15 2002-11-26 Diebold, Incorporated Double sheet detector method for automated transaction machine
JPH1149399A (ja) * 1997-07-29 1999-02-23 Brother Ind Ltd シート搬送装置およびシート搬送装置におけるシート搬送量の補正方法
US6023034A (en) * 1997-11-13 2000-02-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Inter-article gap adjustor for controlled delivery to a sorting device using a plurality of gap sensors
DE29722715U1 (de) 1997-12-30 1999-04-29 Klaschka Gmbh & Co Blechdicken-Meßeinrichtung
DE59911895D1 (de) 1998-10-20 2005-05-19 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Betriebsoptimierung eines Ultraschall-Näherungsschalters und Ultraschall-Näherungsschalters mit Betriebsoptimierung
US6212130B1 (en) * 1999-03-08 2001-04-03 Scan-Optics, Inc. Method and apparatus for plural document detection
US6145376A (en) * 1999-03-25 2000-11-14 Hewlett-Packard Company Paper size detection using ultrasound
DE19921217B4 (de) 1999-05-07 2004-11-25 Leuze Electronic Gmbh + Co Kg Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Etiketten
DE19927865B4 (de) 1999-05-07 2005-12-01 Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Objekten
US6364556B1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2002-04-02 Hewlett-Packard Company Method and apparatus for print media detection
US6511064B1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2003-01-28 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for multiple document detection using ultrasonic phase shift amplitude
JP2001328750A (ja) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-27 Fujitsu Ltd ダブルフィード検出方法およびその装置
DE20018193U1 (de) * 2000-10-25 2001-01-04 Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle von Bögen
JP2003176063A (ja) * 2001-06-15 2003-06-24 Omron Corp 紙葉類重送検出装置および方法、並びにプログラム
US7025348B2 (en) * 2002-11-25 2006-04-11 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for detection of multiple documents in a document scanner using multiple ultrasonic sensors
US6913259B2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2005-07-05 Daniel P. Phinney Apparatus for detection of multiple documents in a document transport
US7130245B2 (en) * 2003-01-31 2006-10-31 Canon Denshi Kabushiki Kaisha Ultrasonic double feed detecting device
DE20312388U1 (de) * 2003-03-23 2003-11-20 Pepperl & Fuchs Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Detektion von Unregelmäßigkeiten der Dicke von flächigen Objekten, wie Papier, Pappe, Folien, Bleche oder Etiketten
JP2005162424A (ja) * 2003-12-04 2005-06-23 Nisca Corp シート供給装置及びこれを用いた画像読取装置
JP4377666B2 (ja) * 2003-12-04 2009-12-02 ニスカ株式会社 シート供給装置並びに画像読取装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070251311A1 (en) 2007-11-01
EP1701902A1 (fr) 2006-09-20
WO2005066051A1 (fr) 2005-07-21
US7526969B2 (en) 2009-05-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1731455B1 (fr) Détection et dispositif destiné à la détection de supports d'enregistrement
DE102004056743A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Detektion von flächigen Objekten
DE602004001997T2 (de) Vorrichtung zum Erkennen mehrerer Vorlagen in einem Vorlagentransportsystem
EP2958744B1 (fr) Installation et procédé de traitement d'une bande de papier ou d'une bande de carton ondulé
DE2642633A1 (de) Feststellvorrichtung
EP1701902B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour la detection sans contact d'objets plans
EP2229329B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller le déliassage de produit en feuilles
EP1720135A1 (fr) Dispositif permettant de mesurer l'épaisseur et les variations de l'épaisseur
EP1201582B1 (fr) Dispositif pour contrôler des feuilles
EP2795590B1 (fr) Méthode et dispositif de contrôle d'un document de valeur
EP2795591B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif d'examen d'un document de valeur
EP1059620A1 (fr) Caractéristiques de securité basées sur l'effet piézo pour des documents de valeur ou de securité et leur détection
DE19730042C2 (de) Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Bogenführung in einer Bogendruckmaschine
EP1701900B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour detecter sans contact des objets plats
EP1701901B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour detecter sans contact des objets plats
DE1804600A1 (de) Einrichtung zur Dickenmessung mit Ultraschall
DE102015206650A1 (de) Anlage zur Herstellung einer Wellpappe-Bahn
DE10135011A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Bogen und Verfahren zum Steuern der Höhenposition von gestapelten Bogen
EP1953685B1 (fr) Dispositif destiné au comptage de produits d'impression d'un flux de tuiles
EP1403202B1 (fr) Procédé d'opération d'un détecteur pour la détection des feuilles dans une machine de traitement de feuilles
WO2010079094A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé pour éviter la distribution de billets se chevauchant
DE202005011034U1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Aufzeichnungsträgern
DE102010033994A1 (de) Vorrichtung für die Überwachung des Transports von Blattgut
DE102008039221A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Kontrolle von flächigen Objekten
DE102010033993A1 (de) Vorrichtung für die Überwachung des Transports von Blattgut

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20060704

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20120328

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 502004014676

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: B65H0007040000

Ipc: B65H0007020000

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B65H 7/02 20060101AFI20131203BHEP

Ipc: B65H 7/12 20060101ALI20131203BHEP

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140205

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140212

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: PEPPERL + FUCHS GMBH

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 676502

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20140715

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: BOGENSBERGER PATENT- AND MARKENBUERO DR. BURKH, LI

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502004014676

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140814

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20140709

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141009

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141010

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141110

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141109

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502004014676

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20150410

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141222

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141222

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 676502

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20141222

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141222

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20041222

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140709

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20161222

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20161221

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 502004014676

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: SCHIFFER, AXEL, DIPL.-PHYS.UNIV. DR.RER.NAT., DE

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20171222

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20180831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180102

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20171222

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20211222

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20211220

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502004014676

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221231

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230701

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221231