EP1682232B1 - Vorrichtung zum verhindern und löschen von bränden - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum verhindern und löschen von bränden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1682232B1
EP1682232B1 EP04818133A EP04818133A EP1682232B1 EP 1682232 B1 EP1682232 B1 EP 1682232B1 EP 04818133 A EP04818133 A EP 04818133A EP 04818133 A EP04818133 A EP 04818133A EP 1682232 B1 EP1682232 B1 EP 1682232B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extinguishing
oxygen
buffer reservoir
gas
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04818133A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1682232A1 (de
Inventor
Ernst Werner Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wagner Group GmbH
Original Assignee
Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH filed Critical Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH
Priority to PL04818133T priority Critical patent/PL1682232T3/pl
Publication of EP1682232A1 publication Critical patent/EP1682232A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1682232B1 publication Critical patent/EP1682232B1/de
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/11—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone
    • A62C35/15—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone with a system for topping-up the supply of extinguishing material automatically

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for preventing and extinguishing fires in a closed or subdivided into closed sections spatial area, which is referred to in the following "target space", with a buffer reservoir in which oxygen displacing gas is stored under high pressure, a supply pipe system which connects at least one extinguishing nozzle to the buffer reservoir via a pressure reducing valve, and with a controller for controlling the pressure reducing valve to initiate stepwise or in case of fire suddenly the oxygen displacing gas in the target area, where in the target area one or more inerting reduced with respect to natural conditions Oxygen content are adjustable.
  • Such a device is basically known from the prior art, wherein the effect of the so-called "inert gas extinguishing" essentially based on the fact that in closed rooms, which are only occasionally entered by humans or animals and their facilities using conventional extinguishing methods (water and foaming), the fire hazard is counteracted by lowering the oxygen concentration in the affected area to an average of about 12% by volume at which most flammable materials no longer burn.
  • Areas of application are EDP areas, electrical switch and distribution rooms or storage areas with high-quality assets.
  • the extinguishing effect is based on the principle of oxygen displacement.
  • the normal ambient air consists of 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen and 1% other gases.
  • the Stickstoffkon.zentration in the target area further increased and thus reduces the oxygen content. It is known that a extinguishing effect begins when the oxygen content drops below a value of 15% by volume. Depending on the materials present in the room in question, a further lowering of the oxygen content to the mentioned 12 vol.% Or lower may be necessary.
  • oxygen-displacing gases are usually gases, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, noble gases and mixtures thereof, used, which are usually stored in special ancillary rooms or storage rooms in steel bottles.
  • gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, noble gases and mixtures thereof
  • to flood a target area with extinguishing gas so far, especially in commercial premises, such as open-plan offices and warehouses, significant amounts of extinguishing gas to store.
  • an inert gas extinguishing system in which the oxygen-displacing gas is stored centrally in a gas cylinder battery, wherein the individual gas cylinders of the battery are connected via corresponding pipe systems with various extinguishing nozzles in different target areas.
  • the under high pressure (200 to 300 bar) stored in the steel bottles inert gas is reduced to 60 bar.
  • an inert gas fire extinguishing system for extinguishing fires in tunnels. It is envisaged to store the oxygen-displacing gases used in the inert gas extinguishing technology compressed in special storage containers in adjoining rooms. If necessary, then the oxygen-displacing gas is passed through piping systems and corresponding outlet nozzles in the tunnel section in question.
  • this known from the prior art fire extinguishing system in turn has the disadvantage that a considerable construction effort is required to equip a tunnel with such a fire extinguishing system or retrofit, as again separate storage spaces for centrally stored oxygen-displacing gas and a widely branched supply pipe system are required.
  • the present invention seeks to further develop a device for preventing and extinguishing fires in a closed or subdivided into closed sections target space of the type mentioned in such a way that the storage of the extinguishable gas to be kept for the fire extinguishing without the usual specially provided premises in a simple and cost-effective manner is possible, and that in particular the high structural complexity associated with the installation of the supply pipe system can be significantly reduced.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a specially designed for tunnel or tunnel-like structures fire extinguishing system, in which can be dispensed with special premises for storage of an extinguishing gas and a complicated and therefore costly supply pipe system.
  • the object with respect to the device is in a device for preventing and extinguishing fires in a closed or in closed sections subdividable target area of the type mentioned by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the solution according to the invention has a whole series of significant advantages over the devices known from fire-extinguishing technology and explained above.
  • the fire prevention and extinguishing device according to the present invention which is also referred to as "fire extinguishing system" herein for the sake of simplicity, no separate storage space is required for the buffer reservoir or gas cylinders in which the oxygen displacing gas is is stored under high pressure, since according to the invention, the oxygen-displacing gas is no longer stored centrally in a cylinder battery supplying a plurality of target areas but locally in or directly adjacent to the target area itself.
  • the inventive arrangement of the buffer reservoir and the supply system together with the extinguishing nozzle as a compact assembly in the target space that in case of fire, the expansion energy required by the expansion of stored under high pressure in the buffer reservoir oxygen displacement gas is extracted directly from the target space, causing a cooling effect which results in another positive effect of extinguishing fires in the target area.
  • These pressure vessels have a high Druck Amsterdamun gshack (300 - 100 bar).
  • Currently available in the market are pipes in prefabricated lengths of 6, 8 and 10 meters, which are used as high-pressure pipes are designed and can be welded together easily to the desired length.
  • connection which is already present in commercial gas cylinders, can be converted in a particularly simple way for the fire extinguishing system according to the invention.
  • both top end sections of the high-pressure pipe can each have a connection for the supply pipe system.
  • a symmetrical arrangement of the fire extinguishing system can be achieved, it is possible due to the two-sided connections for the supply pipe system to release the high-pressure oxygen-displaced gas in case of need very quickly in the target area.
  • other embodiments are also conceivable here, such as, for example, the use of more than two connections for the supply system when long high-pressure pipes are used as the buffer reservoir. So it is possible to distribute a variety of connections along the pipe.
  • the present invention is also based on the consideration that the central storage of the quenching gas in special containers, such as steel bottles, which require special premises due to their weight and safety reasons, is problematic.
  • the buffer reservoir is stored directly in the target area, the decentralized storage of the extinguishing gas, which serves in a conventional fire extinguishing system for a plurality of target areas, deliberately dispensed with, so as to achieve that the supply area of a single buffer reservoir to one or at least some a small number of target spaces is reduced, whereby the total size of the individual buffer reservoir compared to the Steel bottle battery assembly is also significantly reduced in the systems known from the prior art.
  • the design of the buffer reservoir, the supply pipe system and the extinguishing nozzles as a compact assembly entails the further advantageous effect that can be dispensed with a complex and especially branched and extensive supply pipe system, whereby the probability of occurrence of any leaks or leakage points in the piping system significantly reduced becomes. This increases the reliability of operation of the entire fire extinguishing system, also the costs required for the maintenance of the system can be reduced to a considerable extent.
  • the present invention offers the advantage that the supply pipe system, which connects the extinguishing nozzle and the extinguishing nozzles to the buffer reservoir, has a pressure reducing valve. Due to the possibility of integrating the pressure reducing valve in the supply pipe system at the point where a transition from a high pressure area to a low pressure area is to take place, no manufacturing costs for a separate throttle element and the corresponding assembly costs.
  • the pressure reduction valve is controlled by the controller so that it opens when necessary, wherein the oxygen-displacing gas is introduced from the buffer reservoir in the target area. This makes it possible to set one or more levels of inertization in the target area with reduced oxygen content compared to natural conditions.
  • the technical application object is achieved by the use of the fire extinguishing system according to the invention in a tunnel.
  • a target space is formed in response to a control signal in the tunnel by means of separations, which includes the area affected by the fire of the tunnel, and then in this inerting space by means of the fire extinguishing device according to the invention, the oxygen content is reduced to an inert volume.
  • the inventive use of the fire extinguishing system in a tunnel can be achieved in an advantageous manner that the tunnel can be inexpensively retrofitted or retrofitted with a particularly easy to maintain Inertgas mecaniclöschstrom without any special construction effort.
  • a particularly advantageous development of the present invention is that at least one device for filling or refilling the buffer reservoir with oxygen-displacing gas is provided at the buffer reservoir.
  • a device is preferably arranged so that the buffer reservoir in the installed state of the device for preventing and extinguishing fires can be easily achieved from the outside by, for example, a supply line for filling or refilling the buffer reservoir by hand via the device is connected , This makes it possible to make the maintenance of the device according to the invention extremely user-friendly and easy.
  • the device for preventing and extinguishing fires has an oxygen-displacing gas generator.
  • That gas generator serves to generate the inert gas stored in the buffer reservoir, which is connected to the buffer reservoir by means of the device according to the invention for filling or refilling the buffer reservoir.
  • a gas generator could, for example, be a membrane system with the aid of which air is decomposed in order to produce oxygen-poor air having a residual oxygen content of about 0.5 to 5% by volume.
  • Such devices are known from the prior art and will not be explained here. It is conceivable to arrange the gas generator directly in the target area.
  • the gas generator is provided in a separate space in order to be able to supply a plurality of buffer reservoirs in different target areas with this single gas generator.
  • the controller further comprises an oxygen sensor to measure the oxygen content in the target area and to regulate the amount of extinguishing agent to be supplied in the target area.
  • That oxygen sensor serves to measure the oxygen content in the target space, and from the oxygen sensor to the controller a measurement signal is emitted which provides information regarding the set inertization level.
  • the controller then controls the pressure reducing valve (s) as a function of the measuring signal output by the oxygen sensor.
  • the invention is suitable for carrying out a one-stage or multi-stage inerting process for preventing and / or extinguishing fires in the target area.
  • the controller also has a fire detection device, in particular an aspirative fire detection device.
  • a control signal from a fire detection device by means of which an assignment of the source of the fire to one or more areas of the target area that can be made inert, runs to the controller.
  • a known per se fire detection device is provided, which is installed in the target area such that existing or resulting fires nationwide detectable areas, and in the case of a detected fire or incipient fire by means of a detector, the control signal to trigger the device for preventing and extinguishing fires in the affected area.
  • fire detection device is to be understood, for example, as an aspirative device in which, via a piping system with intake openings, constantly representative portions of the target space air are sucked in and fed to a detector for detecting a fire parameter.
  • fire characteristic is understood to mean physical quantities which undergo measurable changes in the environment of a combustion fire, eg the ambient temperature, the solid or liquid-laden gas component in the ambient air (formation of smoke particles or aerosols - or steam), or the ambient radiation .
  • the fire detection device may also consist of a known fire detection cable, which is installed within the target area on the walls. The task of the fire detection device is in each case to locate the source of the fire and to deliver the control signal for triggering the device for preventing extinction and fires and for flooding the inerting space with inert gas.
  • the oxygen displacing gas consists of a pure inert gas or mixtures of inert gases.
  • a particularly large potential of an oxygen-displacing gas for maximum reduction of the oxygen content of the air in the target area available.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention for preventing and extinguishing fires in a target area (1).
  • the fire extinguishing system according to the invention in this embodiment, three symmetrically constructed and parallel to each other arranged buffer reservoirs (2), which are designed in this embodiment respectively as high-pressure pipes (8).
  • Those high-pressure pipes (8) each have a supply pipe system at their head end sections (12).
  • the supply pipe systems (4) are with the individual head end portions (12) of the respective high-pressure pipes (8) via a respective pressure reduction valve (6).
  • the high-pressure pipes (8) serve for the storage of an oxygen-displacing gas (3), which is present in the compressed state at a pressure of, for example, 300 bar.
  • the buffer reservoirs (2) are made on the basis of commercial 300 bar gas cylinders with a capacity of 140 liters. In this case, in the production of a buffer reservoir in each case two gas bottles, the bottom area was separated and welded together as prepared high pressure pipe parts at their respective cut surfaces. This makes it possible to resort to commercially available components to make the buffer reservoir (2) or Hochd jerk reservoir (8) for the fire extinguishing system according to the invention.
  • the pressure reducing valves (6) provided at the respective head end sections (12) of the individual high-pressure pipes (8) are connected to a central control (7). That control (7) serves to correspondingly control the individual pressure reducing valves (6) in order to allow expansion of the oxygen displacing gas (3) under pressure in the associated high pressure pipe (8) into the respective supply pipe system (4).
  • the interaction of the controller (7) with the respective pressure reducing valves (6) is designed so that it is possible to open or close the individual pressure reducing valves (6) partially or completely.
  • the target room (1) heat energy withdrawn, so that the target room (1) cools, which affects fire fighting in a positive sense.
  • the oxygen displacing gas (3) is preferably nitrogen or a noble gas.
  • an oxygen displacing gas as an extinguishing agent, the fire extinguishing system according to the invention can be used in particular in target areas (1) whose facilities would carry considerable damage using conventional extinguishing agents, such as water or foam.
  • EDP areas, electrical control and distribution rooms or storage areas with high-quality assets are conceivable.
  • each high-pressure pipe (8) is provided with at least one device (9) for filling or refilling the respective high-pressure pipe (8) with the oxygen-displacing gas (3).
  • a gas generator (10) is further provided which generates the stored gas in the high pressure pipe (8) and if necessary on the means (9) for filling or refilling the buffer reservoir (2) in the high-pressure pipe (8) stored gas (3) fills.
  • That gas generator (10) can be arranged either in the target area (1) itself or at an external location.
  • the controller (7) is, as already mentioned, connected to the individual to be controlled pressure reducing valves (6). That controller (7) internally has a processor (not shown) which issues corresponding commands to the individual pressure reduction valves (6) as a function of measurement results of an oxygen sensor (11) arranged in the target space (1).
  • a processor not shown
  • the oxygen sensor (11) directly cooperating with the controller (7), it is possible to use a one-stage or multi-stage inerting method in the target space (1) with the fire prevention and extinguishing apparatus of the present invention.
  • the Oxygen sensor (11) constantly monitors the oxygen content in the target area (1).
  • the device according to the invention and with the aid of this monitoring, first to lower the oxygen content in the target area (1) to a specific basic inerting level of, for example, 16% by volume.
  • This basic inertization serves to reduce the risk of fire in the target area (1).
  • a basic inerting level of 16% by volume oxygen concentration does not pose any risk to persons or animals, so that they can still easily enter the room.
  • fire detection device which may be, for example, an aspirative fire detection device, the target area (1) is continuously monitored to determine whether a fire has broken out or if a fire is about to break out.
  • That fire detection device interacts directly with the controller (7) so that in the event of a fire, the oxygen content in the target room (1) is lowered to a certain full inertization level, for example 12% by volume or below.
  • the full inertization level may be set either at night when no persons or animals enter the relevant target area (1) or directly in response to a reported fire.
  • Oxygen concentration the flammability of most materials has already been reduced to such an extent that they can no longer ignite.
  • the high-pressure pipes (8), the associated supply pipe systems (4) and the extinguishing nozzles (5) are arranged as a compact assembly in the target area (1) itself, the total cost of the fire prevention and fire extinguishing system significantly , In addition, structurally no wall or ceiling openings for the installation of supply pipe systems (4) are necessary.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention for preventing and extinguishing fires, which is used in a tunnel.
  • the buffer reservoir (2) which is designed as a high-pressure pipe (8), via supply pipe systems (4) equipped with an extinguishing nozzle strip (14) and the extinguishing nozzles (5) provided therein. Due to the compact design, it is possible, for example, a tunnel that has no fire extinguishing system to equip in a simple and cost-effective manner with an inert gas fire extinguishing system without the particular external storage rooms for the buffer reservoir (2) are needed.
  • Figure 3 shows schematically the use of preferred embodiments of the inventive device for preventing and extinguishing fires in a hall. Accordingly, it is conceivable to arrange the buffer reservoir (2), for example in the corner regions between wall and ceiling of the hall, wherein the (not explicitly shown in Figure 3) Zuhausensrohrsystem (4) is laid as needed in the hall (1).
  • the Pufferreservoi r (2) is preferably a high-pressure tube (8) with a diameter of 30 - 50 cm, wherein the arrangement of the tubes (8) is arbitrary. It is conceivable, for example, the high-pressure pipes (8) U, S or L-shaped to arrange because of their weight at the bottom of the hall. Also, meandering shapes are conceivable. It is also possible to arrange the high-pressure pipes (8) under the ceiling or on the wall of the hall.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
EP04818133A 2003-11-10 2004-11-09 Vorrichtung zum verhindern und löschen von bränden Active EP1682232B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL04818133T PL1682232T3 (pl) 2003-11-10 2004-11-09 Urządzenie do zapobiegania pożarom i ich gaszenia

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10352437A DE10352437A1 (de) 2003-11-10 2003-11-10 Vorrichtung zum Verhindern und Löschen von Bränden
PCT/EP2004/012669 WO2005044387A1 (de) 2003-11-10 2004-11-09 Vorrichtung zum verhindern und löschen von bränden

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1682232A1 EP1682232A1 (de) 2006-07-26
EP1682232B1 true EP1682232B1 (de) 2008-01-02

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EP04818133A Active EP1682232B1 (de) 2003-11-10 2004-11-09 Vorrichtung zum verhindern und löschen von bränden

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US7350591B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1682232B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4554617B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1863577B (zh)
AT (1) ATE382402T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2004287202B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2541423C (zh)
DE (2) DE10352437A1 (zh)
DK (1) DK1682232T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2295976T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1091428A1 (zh)
NO (1) NO337864B1 (zh)
PL (1) PL1682232T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT1682232E (zh)
RU (1) RU2317838C1 (zh)
TW (1) TW200615016A (zh)
UA (1) UA83688C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2005044387A1 (zh)

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CN108871195B (zh) * 2018-07-25 2020-05-22 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 基于反射球跟踪球靶的物理诊断设备瞄准方法
CN110344871B (zh) * 2019-07-01 2020-12-04 滨州富创科技服务有限公司 一种导轨隧道灭火车
CN111084953B (zh) * 2020-01-14 2021-04-30 北京市正天齐消防设备有限公司 一种适用于自动跟踪定位射流灭火装置的水平定位算法
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DE10121550B4 (de) 2001-01-11 2004-05-19 Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Inertisierungsverfahren mit Stickstoffpuffer
DE50110253D1 (de) * 2001-01-11 2006-08-03 Wagner Alarm Sicherung Inertisierungsverfahren mit stickstoffpuffer
JP4049580B2 (ja) * 2001-01-31 2008-02-20 豊田合成株式会社 高圧ガス容器用ライナー及び高圧ガス容器
DE10156042A1 (de) 2001-11-15 2003-05-28 Wagner Alarm Sicherung Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Löschen von Bränden in Tunneln

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DE10352437A1 (de) 2005-06-16
JP2007510485A (ja) 2007-04-26
WO2005044387A1 (de) 2005-05-19
CN1863577B (zh) 2010-09-29
ATE382402T1 (de) 2008-01-15
NO20062454L (no) 2006-05-30
RU2317838C1 (ru) 2008-02-27
PT1682232E (pt) 2008-01-21
CN1863577A (zh) 2006-11-15
TW200615016A (en) 2006-05-16
ES2295976T3 (es) 2008-04-16
US7350591B2 (en) 2008-04-01
AU2004287202B2 (en) 2009-09-03
US20070079973A1 (en) 2007-04-12
EP1682232A1 (de) 2006-07-26
RU2006114425A (ru) 2007-11-10
PL1682232T3 (pl) 2008-05-30
DE502004005861D1 (de) 2008-02-14
DK1682232T3 (da) 2008-02-04
UA83688C2 (uk) 2008-08-11
AU2004287202A1 (en) 2005-05-19
CA2541423A1 (en) 2005-05-10
HK1091428A1 (en) 2007-01-19
NO337864B1 (no) 2016-07-04
JP4554617B2 (ja) 2010-09-29
CA2541423C (en) 2011-08-16

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