EP1625774B2 - Regulation de temperature destinee a un element de chauffage chauffe par induction - Google Patents

Regulation de temperature destinee a un element de chauffage chauffe par induction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1625774B2
EP1625774B2 EP03816956A EP03816956A EP1625774B2 EP 1625774 B2 EP1625774 B2 EP 1625774B2 EP 03816956 A EP03816956 A EP 03816956A EP 03816956 A EP03816956 A EP 03816956A EP 1625774 B2 EP1625774 B2 EP 1625774B2
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control circuit
heating element
value
temperature
electrical
Prior art date
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EP03816956A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1625774A1 (fr
EP1625774B1 (fr
Inventor
José Miguel Emilia Pardo BURDIO PINILLA
Pablo Jesús HERNANDEZ BLASCO
Sergio LLORENTE GIL
Fernando Monterde Aznar
José Ramón GARCIA JIMENEZ
Ignacio Esteras Duce
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like
    • H05B6/065—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like using coordinated control of multiple induction coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/12—Cooking devices
    • H05B6/129—Cooking devices induction ovens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/07—Heating plates with temperature control means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of a heating element, which is inductively heated by an inductor, which is supplied via a control circuit electrical power and a corresponding control circuit, and an induction cooktop and an induction furnace with such a control circuit.
  • the heating of a heating element by induction is known.
  • a power loss of a high-frequency alternating field, which is generated by an induction coil, the so-called inductor, by magnetic coupling in a part of the heating element leads to the heating of the heating element.
  • This principle is e.g. used in induction hobs, in which the heat of a cooking vessel is produced in the bottom by induction.
  • US 3,781,506 is a method for measuring and controlling the temperature of an inductively heated cooking vessel in an induction cooker known.
  • a parameter of a circuit is measured, which supplies the inductor with electrical power.
  • This parameter is influenced by the heating of the cooking vessel, so that its value varies with a temperature change of the cooking vessel.
  • the temperature of the cooking vessel can be determined from the measured value of the parameter based on a temperature characteristic of the parameter.
  • US Pat. No. 6,163,019 is a resonant frequency induction furnace, in particular for melting metals, known in which, in order to achieve a preset power level of the heating elements, an initial conduction time (pulse width) of the heating elements is predetermined and then the heating elements driven with the following enlarged pulse width until the predetermined heating power is reached.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for controlling the temperature of an inductively heated heating element available, which works regardless of the state of the heating element and for different heating elements.
  • the temperature control is activated at a first time that, depending on at least one electrical variable of the control circuit, which depends on the temperature of the heating element, at this first time a reference value or a Specified value is determined that depending on the electrical variable at least one later time a comparison value or an actual value and a deviation of this comparison value is determined by the reference value, and that the inductor depending on the deviation power is supplied, so that the temperature of the heating element is controlled to a constant value corresponding to the reference value and by the further features of claim 1.
  • control circuit comprises a control element for activating the temperature control that the control circuit at least one measuring device for determining at least one electrical variable of the control circuit, which depends on the temperature of the heating element, in that the control circuit is designed to determine a reference variable dependent on the electrical variable at an activation time of the temperature control and for determining a comparison value dependent on the electrical variable at least at a later time, that the control circuit comprises a comparison unit for determining a deviation of the comparison value from the reference value Reference value comprises, and that the control circuit comprises a control unit for controlling the power controller depending on the deviation, for controlling the temperature of the heating element to a reference value corresponding constant value and by the further features of claim 10.
  • the reference value is determined as a function of the electrical variable of the control circuit and compared with the comparison value determined at least at a later time depending on the electrical size of the control circuit, is ensured in a simple manner, that the temperature control is independent of the choice of the heating element to a temperature corresponding to the reference value. It is also advantageous that the temperature of the heating element can thus be controlled without knowing a specific temperature characteristic of the electrical variable for the heating element. In this way, the temperature control is functional even if the heating element is positioned inaccurate to the inductor.
  • the temperature control can be activated by a user by actuation of a control element, which is in particular at least one switch or at least one touch sensor.
  • a control element which is in particular at least one switch or at least one touch sensor.
  • This allows the user to determine the desired temperature of the heating element by activating the temperature control in an induction cooking zone of an induction hob, for example, when water begins to boil in a cooking vessel on that induction cooking zone or a food in the cooking vessel is subjectively determined by the user Temperature should be maintained.
  • the temperature of the heating element such as the cooking vessel, is maintained after activation of the temperature control, without having to determine the absolute temperature of the heating element with a sensor.
  • the electrical power is automatically controlled to keep the temperature of the heating element at the reference temperature and a manual readjustment of the electrical power by the user is not necessary even if, for example, during a cooking process, cold food is supplied to the cooking vessel.
  • the comparative value of the electrical quantity is determined at predetermined, in particular periodic time intervals. In this way, the accuracy of the temperature control is increased since changes in the temperature of the heating element are caused by e.g. external influences are detected at regular intervals and the inductor supplied electrical power is readjusted accordingly to keep the temperature constant.
  • the electrical quantity from which the reference value and / or the comparison value is determined in particular is calculated, the electrical power and / or an average voltage and / or an average current
  • the reference value and / or the comparison value are determined at a predetermined frequency of the electrical variable.
  • FIG. 1 an induction hob 1 with a control circuit 2 for temperature control of a cooking vessel 3 is shown.
  • the induction hob 1 has a glass ceramic plate 4 with four induction cooking zones 5, at the position of which an inductor 6 is located below the glass-ceramic plate.
  • the cooking vessel 3 is heated by one of the inductors 6.
  • an operating unit 8 is arranged on a front 7 of the glass ceramic plate. This operating unit 8 comprises operating elements 9 for activating and deactivating the temperature control.
  • the control circuit 2 includes the inductor 6 for inductive heating of a heating element 3, such as the cooking vessel 3 in FIG. 1 a power controller 10 for controlling an inductor 6 supplied electric power P, a measuring device 11 for measuring electrical quantities ⁇ o , i o , P, I the control circuit 2, a control element 9 for activating and deactivating the temperature control and a control unit 12, such as For example, a microprocessor for controlling the power controller 10.
  • the control circuit 2 is powered by a voltage source 13 with an input voltage v i , which is an alternating voltage.
  • the power regulator 10 usually comprises a converter (not shown) which converts the input voltage v i with an input frequency of, for example, 50 Hz into an output voltage v o which is in a higher frequency range, eg above 25 kHz.
  • a converter (not shown) which converts the input voltage v i with an input frequency of, for example, 50 Hz into an output voltage v o which is in a higher frequency range, eg above 25 kHz.
  • various principles are known, for example a periodic switching on and off of the output voltage ⁇ o , a frequency adjustment of the output voltage ⁇ o or a control current change.
  • the temperature control is activated by the control element 9 by a control signal S T to the control unit 12.
  • the electrical variables ⁇ o , i o , P, I detected by the measuring device 11 of the control circuit 2 are supplied to the control unit 12 and processed there to form a control signal for the power control S P. Due to the control signal for the power control S P , which is supplied to the power regulator 10, the electric power P supplied to the inductor 6 is regulated and thus a heat output W generated in the heating element 3.
  • FIG. 3a a detailed diagram of the control circuit 2 is shown.
  • the control circuit 2 is supplied via the voltage source 13 with the input voltage v i .
  • the height of this input voltage ⁇ i is reduced by means of a voltage divider 14, which comprises two resistors R 1, R 2, and converted by means of a rectifier 15 to a rectified input voltage v r .
  • the positions of voltage maxima V m in a temporal course of the rectified input voltage ⁇ r are detected by a peak detector 16 and followed by a high-voltage insulation 17, a value of the voltage maxima V m is detected.
  • FIG. 3b is the course of the input voltage ⁇ i and the course of the rectified input voltage v r shown over a time axis t. In the course of the rectified input voltage ⁇ r , the value of the voltage maxima V m is indicated.
  • the electrical power P supplied to the inductor 6 is regulated by the power regulator 10 with the aid of two high-frequency switches S 1, S 2, which may be, for example, power semiconductor components.
  • the inductor is an output voltage ⁇ o and it flows an output current i o .
  • These two electrical quantities ⁇ o , i o are influenced by a change in resistance of the heating element 3, which depends on the heating elements 3 and its temperature T.
  • the output current i o is detected by means of a current-voltage converter 18, at the resistor R 3, a voltage vi is applied, which is proportional to the output current i o . is.
  • Figure 3c is schematically shown the detected time course of the output voltage v o and the output current i o .
  • Another alternative measure, which depends on the temperature T of the heating element 3, is, for example, a phase shift ⁇ t between output voltage ⁇ o and output current i o , for example, based on a zero crossing N 1 of the output voltage ⁇ o and a zero crossing N2 of the output current i o can be determined.
  • Other electrical quantities of the control circuit 2 may also be measured, which depend on the temperature T of the heating element 3, such as an average electrical power P, an average rectified current I , a maximum current I max or a frequency of the output voltage v o or Output current i o .
  • ⁇ indicates an averaging period.
  • An alternative is the determination of the root of the root mean square I rms of the output current i o .
  • the average electric power P and the average rectified current I are detected by the measuring device 11 and supplied to the control unit 12.
  • k p and k I are constants that are determined experimentally to obtain a maximum variation of the function value F with the temperature T of the heating element 3.
  • V rms denotes the root of the root mean square of the input voltage v i .
  • Other functions F are also possible, for example, the function F may also be an impedance of the heating element 3 and the inductor 6, which is determined from a ratio of the average power P to a square of the average current I.
  • FIG. 4 a flow chart of the temperature control of the heating element 3 is shown.
  • the temperature control is activated by a control signal S T. This is a normal power control, leave the selected via the control unit 8 power P and passed over for power control by means of temperature control.
  • a reference value F R is determined from the current value of the function F , which is dependent on at least one of the electrical quantities ⁇ o , i o , P, I of the control circuit 2, that of the temperature T of the heating element 3 depends.
  • a comparison value F v from the function F and a deviation of this comparison value F v from the reference value F R are determined as a function of the electrical variable v o , i o , P, I.
  • the inductor 6 is supplied with electric power P as a function of the deviation, so that the temperature T of the heating element 3 is regulated to a constant value corresponding to the reference value F R.
  • a next method step DA it is checked whether there is a signal S T for deactivating the temperature control. If this is not the case N, the method step VW is continued. If a signal S T for deactivating the temperature control before Y, the temperature control is terminated in the next step TE and a power control L of the electric power P is performed without temperature control with the power controller 10 according to the power P selected by the operating unit 8.
  • FIG. 5 is shown schematically a time course of the temperature control.
  • the inductor 6 is activated with the heating element 3, and the inductor 6 is thus supplied with an electric power P 1 selected by means of the operating unit 8, which is supplied via the Power controller 10 is controlled and the heating element 3 heats up to a temperature T 1.
  • the temperature control is activated by a user by operating the operating element 9, which is, for example, a switch or a touch sensor.
  • the reference value F R and at later times t 2 to t 7, which are advantageously at periodic intervals, in each case the comparison value F V is determined.
  • the frequency of the output voltage ⁇ o or of the output current i o is regulated to a predetermined value and the power control L of the power controller 10 is interrupted as long. Since the averaging period ⁇ is typically of the order of 10 to 800 milliseconds, this period is negligibly small compared to the typical duration d of the power control L of 5 to 15 seconds.
  • the electric power supplied to the inductor 6 is reduced from the power value P 1 to a lower power value P 2 to keep the temperature value T 1 of the heating element 3 constant.
  • the heating element 3 is cooled by an external influence, for example by supplying cold liquid to a cooking vessel 3. This cooling of the heating element 3 to a temperature value T 2 is detected by the deviation of the comparison value F V from the reference value F R.
  • the temperature control causes an increase in the electrical power supplied to the inductor 6 to a value P 3 in order to heat the heating element 3 back to the temperature T 1.
  • the electrical power P supplied to the inductor 6 can be reduced stepwise up to a value P 4.
  • This power value P 4 is now supplied to the inductor 6 in order to keep the heating element 3 at the constant temperature value T 1.
  • the temperature control remains active until it is deactivated, for example by pressing the control element 9 by the user.
  • Another possibility of deactivating the temperature control is, for example, the removal of the heating element 3 from the inductor 6, a deactivation of the inductor 6 by the user or another power specification for the inductor 6 via the operating unit 8.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrated an induction furnace 19.
  • a charging port 21 of the induction furnace 19 is formed by side walls 22, a ceiling wall 23 and a bottom wall 24, and a rear wall 26 and a door (in the FIG. 6 not shown).
  • the inductors 6 are located, for example, on the ceiling wall 23 and on the bottom wall 24 of the induction furnace 19 and are covered by the heating elements 3.
  • the inductors 6 and the heating elements 3 may also be attached to the side walls 22.
  • the heating element 3 may also be a food support, such as a baking sheet, or one of the side walls 22, the top wall 23 or the bottom wall 24th

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Procédé de régulation de température d'un élément de chauffage (3), qui est chauffé de façon inductive par un inducteur (6), auquel de la puissance (P) électrique est amenée par un circuit de commande (2), caractérisé en ce que
    - la régulation de température est activée (AT) à un premier moment (t1),
    - en ce qu'une valeur de référence (FR ) est déterminée (RW) à ce premier moment (t1) en fonction d'au moins une grandeur (vo , io, P, I) électrique du circuit de commande (2), laquelle dépend de la température (T) de l'élément de chauffage (3),
    - en ce qu'une valeur de comparaison (FV ) et un écart de cette valeur de comparaison (FV ) par rapport à la valeur de référence (FR ) sont déterminés (VW) en fonction de la grandeur (vo , io, P, I) électrique à au moins un moment (t2 - t7) ultérieur,
    - et en ce que de la puissance (P) est amenée à l'inducteur (6) en fonction de cet écart, de sorte que la température (T) de l'élément de chauffage (3) est réglée (TR) sur une valeur constante correspondant à la valeur de référence (FR ), et
    - en ce que la valeur de comparaison (FV ) de la grandeur (vo , io , P, I) électrique est déterminée à des intervalles de temps (t2 - t7) prédéfinis,
    - la valeur de référence (FR ) étant déterminée à partir d'une valeur actuelle d'une fonction F = k p . P V rms 2 + k l . I V rms
    Figure imgb0008
    kp désignant une constante,
    kI une constante,
    P une puissance électrique moyenne calculée sur une période de calcul de moyenne (τ),
    I un courant électrique redressé et calculé en moyenne sur la période de calcul de moyenne (τ)
    Vrms la racine d'une moyenne quadratique d'une tension d'entrée,
    les constantes (kp , ki ) étant déterminées de façon expérimentale afin d'obtenir une variation maximale de la valeur de la fonction (F) avec la température (T) de l'élément de chauffage (3).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la régulation de température est activée par un utilisateur par l'actionnement d'un élément de commande (9).
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les intervalles (t2 - t7) prédéfinis sont périodiques.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur électrique est la puissance (P) électrique et/ou une tension moyenne et/ou une intensité (I) moyenne.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de référence (FR ) et/ou la valeur de comparaison (FV ) sont une impédance de l'élément de chauffage (3) et de l'inducteur (6).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de référence (FR ) et/ou la valeur de comparaison (FV ) sont calculées à partir de la grandeur (vo , io, P, I) électrique.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la régulation de température est désactivée par l'utilisateur par l'actionnement de l'élément de commande (9).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la régulation de température est désactivée par l'utilisateur par enlèvement de l'élément de chauffage (3).
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de référence (FR ) et/ou la valeur de comparaison (FV ) sont déterminées pour une fréquence prédéfinie de la grandeur (vo , io ) électrique.
  10. Circuit de commande pour le réchauffement inductif d'un élément de chauffage (3) par un inducteur (6), comprenant un régulateur de puissance (10) pour la régulation d'une puissance (P) électrique amenée à l'inducteur (6) et une régulation de température pour l'élément de chauffage (3), caractérisé en ce que
    - le circuit de commande (2) comprend un élément de commande (9) pour l'activation de la régulation de température,
    - en ce que le circuit de commande (2) comprend au moins un dispositif de mesure (11) pour la détermination d'au moins une grandeur (vo , io , P, I) électrique du circuit de commande (2), qui dépend de la température (T) de l'élément de chauffage (3),
    - en ce que le circuit de commande (2) est conçu pour déterminer une valeur de référence (FR ) dépendante de la grandeur (vo , io, P, I) électrique à un moment d'activation (t1) de la régulation de température et pour déterminer une valeur de comparaison (FV ) dépendante de la grandeur (vo , io, P, I) électrique à au moins un moment (t2 - t7) ultérieur, la valeur de comparaison (FV ) de la grandeur (vo, io, P, I) électrique pouvant être déterminée à des intervalles de temps (t2-t7) prédéfinis,
    - en ce que le circuit de commande (2) comprend une unité de comparaison (12) pour déterminer un écart de la valeur de comparaison (FV ) par rapport à la valeur de référence (FR ) et
    - en ce que le circuit de commande (2) comprend une unité de commande (12) pour la commande du régulateur de puissance (10) en fonction de l'écart, pour la régulation de température de l'élément de chauffage (3) sur une valeur constante et correspondant à la valeur de référence (FR ),
    - la valeur de référence (FR ) pouvant être déterminée à partir d'une valeur actuelle d'une fonction, F = k p . P V rms 2 + k l . I V rms
    Figure imgb0009
    kp désignant une constante,
    kl une constante,
    P une puissance électrique calculée en moyenne sur une période de calcul de moyenne (τ),
    I un courant électrique redressé et calculé en moyenne sur la période de calcul de moyenne (τ),
    Vrms la racine d'une moyenne quadratique carrée d'une tension d'entrée,
    les constantes (kp , ki ) pouvant être déterminées d'une façon expérimentale de telle sorte qu'une variation maximale de la valeur de la fonction (F) avec la température (T) de l'élément de chauffage (3) peut être obtenue.
  11. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de commande pour l'activation de la régulation de température est au moins un commutateur (9) ou au moins un capteur de proximité (9).
  12. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure (11) pour déterminer la au moins une grandeur (vo , io, P, I) électrique du circuit de commande (2) comprend un dispositif de mesure de tension et/ou un dispositif de mesure de courant (18).
  13. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure (11) comprend au moins un convertisseur de tension et de courant (18).
  14. Circuit de commande selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de commande (2) comprend un microprocesseur (12).
  15. Table de cuisson à induction comprenant un circuit de commande (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14.
  16. Four à induction avec un circuit de commande (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14.
  17. Four à induction selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de chauffage (3) est une paroi (23, 24) du four à induction.
  18. Four à induction selon la revendication 16 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de chauffage (3) est un support pour l'élément à cuire.
EP03816956A 2003-05-15 2003-10-28 Regulation de temperature destinee a un element de chauffage chauffe par induction Expired - Lifetime EP1625774B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200301242A ES2246640B1 (es) 2003-05-15 2003-05-15 Regulacion de la temperatura para un elemento calentador de calentamiento inducido.
PCT/EP2003/011961 WO2004103028A1 (fr) 2003-05-15 2003-10-28 Regulation de temperature destinee a un element de chauffage chauffe par induction

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EP1625774A1 EP1625774A1 (fr) 2006-02-15
EP1625774B1 EP1625774B1 (fr) 2007-09-26
EP1625774B2 true EP1625774B2 (fr) 2011-08-17

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Country Status (7)

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US (1) US7692121B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1625774B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE374515T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003276195A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50308299D1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2246640B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004103028A1 (fr)

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US9470423B2 (en) 2013-12-02 2016-10-18 Bose Corporation Cooktop power control system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2246640B1 (es) 2003-05-15 2006-11-01 Bsh Electrodomesticos España, S.A. Regulacion de la temperatura para un elemento calentador de calentamiento inducido.
ES2289872B1 (es) * 2005-06-08 2008-09-16 Bsh Electrodomesticos España, S.A. Dispositivo para calentamiento inductivo de un elemento calentador.
ES2310960B1 (es) * 2006-11-08 2009-11-05 Bsh Electrodomesticos España S.A. Circuito de dispositivo de calentamiento.
JP5100754B2 (ja) * 2007-09-21 2012-12-19 九州電力株式会社 給電装置
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ES2294371T5 (es) 2011-11-29
ES2246640B1 (es) 2006-11-01
AU2003276195A1 (en) 2004-12-03
EP1625774A1 (fr) 2006-02-15
US20080121633A1 (en) 2008-05-29
ATE374515T1 (de) 2007-10-15
ES2246640A1 (es) 2006-02-16
US7692121B2 (en) 2010-04-06
ES2294371T3 (es) 2008-04-01
EP1625774B1 (fr) 2007-09-26
WO2004103028A1 (fr) 2004-11-25
DE50308299D1 (de) 2007-11-08

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