EP2087770B1 - Procédé de commande d'un appareil de cuisson par induction, et appareil de cuisson par induction - Google Patents

Procédé de commande d'un appareil de cuisson par induction, et appareil de cuisson par induction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2087770B1
EP2087770B1 EP07816224A EP07816224A EP2087770B1 EP 2087770 B1 EP2087770 B1 EP 2087770B1 EP 07816224 A EP07816224 A EP 07816224A EP 07816224 A EP07816224 A EP 07816224A EP 2087770 B1 EP2087770 B1 EP 2087770B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
induction
power
current
cooking appliance
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EP07816224A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2087770A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Meier
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Menu-System AG
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Menu-System AG
Menu System Wuest and Co
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Publication of EP2087770A1 publication Critical patent/EP2087770A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/05—Heating plates with pan detection means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling an induction cooking appliance according to the preamble of claim 1 and an induction cooking appliance for heating a cookware according to the preamble of claim 10.
  • An induction cooking appliance is understood, for example, to mean an induction cooker.
  • a cookware can be, for example, a pan.
  • a cooking appliance with an inductive heating device which is located under a square cooking plate.
  • the heating device has four heating elements, which are designed such that the edge regions of the cooking plate can be used for cooking purposes.
  • Each heating element comprises a surface inductor having substantially helical turns, the respective turns having substantially rectilinear and sequential sections, and the respective linearly extending turn section being parallel to one of the sides of the cooking plate.
  • the power required for cooking is controlled by additional controls such as potentiometers, rotary switches, jog keys or similar controls in induction cookers or their hotplates.
  • the operation of such additional controls is complex and there is a likelihood of confusion of the controls, especially if the controls are not located next to the corresponding hob, as is often the case.
  • the additional controls require additional space and cause costs.
  • the additional operating elements are designed as tapping buttons, which are arranged directly under the cooking surface, which is typically made of glass ceramic, the operation is often cumbersome and often only possible after a cleaning of the cooking surface.
  • the touching keys to be touched may have been heated by a hot cooking utensil which previously stood at this point of the cooking surface, so that their contact may be unpleasant or even painful.
  • This object is achieved by a method for controlling an induction cooking appliance having the features of claim 1 and by an induction cooking appliance for heating a cookware having the features of claim 8.
  • the power of the coil which is also referred to as heating power
  • the power of the coil is set depending on a position of a cookware on the coil.
  • the inventive induction cooking appliance for heating a cookware which has at least one coil and a drive unit for this coil, is characterized in that the induction cooking appliance, in particular its drive unit, is designed for carrying out the inventive method. Under the coil is understood in particular an inductor.
  • the heating power of the induction cooking appliance or one of its coils can therefore advantageously be controlled solely by changing the position of a cookware on a coil of the induction cooking appliance.
  • additional control elements such as those mentioned above, for example in the form of rotary switches or touch keys, can be provided for additional control of the heating power.
  • an actual value which is dependent on the position of the cookware on the coil, is preferably determined. Then this actual value is under a given setpoint Forming a deviation compared and in a deviation of the actual value of the setpoint, ie at a deviation greater than zero, the power of the coil is set such that the actual value is set to the target value.
  • the setpoint value is preferably specified as the value of a setpoint curve, the values of the setpoint curve being dependent on the pulse duration and / or period duration of an induction current for the coil.
  • a controller such as a P-controller (proportional controller, a PI controller (proportional-integral controller) or a PID controller (proportional-integral differential -Controller), wherein the determined deviation forms an input variable for the controller.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an induction cooker 1 with, for example, three cooktops 2, each hob 2 for heating or heating a coil 5 below the cooking surface 4 has (see. Figures 2 and 4 ).
  • the cooktops 2 are preferably arranged in a row and aligned with each other.
  • the cooking surface 4 typically consists of a heat-resistant and at least partially transparent material, in particular glass ceramic.
  • For heating or heating food they are applied in a metallic cookware 12 on one of the cooktops 2 (see. Figures 2 and 4 ) and heated by generated in the metallic cookware 12 eddy currents, which are induced by the flow through the respective hob 2 associated coil 5 with an induction current in the cookware.
  • Each hob 2 has on the cooking surface 4 preferably a display unit 3, on which the instantaneous power of the hob 2 associated coil 5 is displayed.
  • a display unit 3 on which the instantaneous power of the hob 2 associated coil 5 is displayed.
  • the induction cooking appliance 1 may be formed for example as a cart or as a cabinet and includes a drive unit 6 for the coils 5 of the hobs. 2
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the induction cooking appliance 1 with a hob 2, on which a cookware 12 is in the form of a pan. Below the hob 2, a coil 5 is arranged in the form of a réelleninduktors for heating the cookware 12.
  • the induction cooking appliance 1 has a drive unit 6 for driving the coil 5, which is connected via unspecified cable to the coil 5.
  • the drive unit 6 has a power section 7, which is connected to a power source 8 and to the coil 5 via unspecified cable.
  • the coil 5 is designed in particular as a disk coil, i. the turns of the winding of the coil 5 lie in one plane and form a spiral.
  • the winding is preferably designed as Hochfrequenzlitze, wherein the turns of the winding are mounted on a cooktop 2 facing side of a base plate, not shown.
  • the windings may be secured to the base plate, for example, by means of adhesive.
  • the ends of this winding form connection conductors to which the power section 7 is connected.
  • the power source 8 is preferably a power supply network commonly located in a building, e.g. in Switzerland has a mains voltage of 230 volts and a frequency of 50 hertz, wherein the mains current is typically between 0 and 16 amps and has a frequency of 50 hertz.
  • the power unit 7 generates from the mains current an induction current for the coil 5 (also called drive current), wherein the power unit 7 for this purpose of a Control unit 9 is controlled.
  • the power section 7 is in particular a pulse generator or a frequency generator. If a pulse generator is used as the power part 7, the pulse length or pulse duration of the pulses of the induction current and in this way the heat output of the coil 5 are controlled by the control part 9.
  • the induction current is preferably between 0 and 50 amperes.
  • the output from the coil 5 power can be between 50 watts and 20 kilowatts.
  • the induction current preferably comprises a current contribution with a fixed basic or operating frequency, for example 22 kilohertz, and a symmetrical pulse current whose pulse duration or pulse length from the control unit 9 via the power unit 7 can be controlled.
  • a pulse control method is, for example, in CH 696649 A5 described.
  • the frequency of the induction current is preferably at 22 kilohertz ⁇ 200 hertz in a control of power over the pulse length or pulse duration of the induction current, wherein 22 kilohertz represents the fundamental or working frequency.
  • the frequency of the induction current is preferably in the inaudible range between 22 and 40 kilohertz.
  • a sensor 10 which is preferably designed as a current transformer, provided for measuring the mains current, which is connected to the control part 9, so that the measured values of the sensor 10 can be transmitted to the control unit 9. Furthermore, a sensor 11 for measuring the induction current is provided, which is likewise connected to the control unit 9, so that its measured values can be transmitted to the control unit 9.
  • the induction current is load-dependent. It follows that it depends on the position of a load in the form of a metallic cookware 12 on the spool 5. Since the induction current and thus also the power of the coil 5 are load-dependent, the power output by the coil 5 can be changed via the position of a cookware 12 on the coil 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows the power of the coil 5 in kilowatts as a function of the pulse duration of the induction current in microseconds.
  • the solid curve shows the course of the power when the cookware 12 centered, that is aligned exactly to the center of the coil 5, placed on the hob 2. This position of the cookware 12 is in FIG. 4a ) shown schematically.
  • the dashed curve in FIG. 3 shows the course of performance when the cookware 12 is not aligned centered on the coil 5, but when the edge of the cookware 12, such as a pan edge, the center of the hob 2 and thus the center of the coil 5 intersects. This is in FIG. 4b ) shown schematically.
  • FIGS. 3 . 5 and 6 represent exemplary curves for a cookware 12 in the form of a particular pan, which is applied to a coil 5 in the form of a dimensioned on a particular typeinstituninduktors. Furthermore, the curves shown may depend on other performance-determining components. Likewise, the numerical values given further in the text are purely exemplary.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary diagram, from which it can be seen that the power of the coil 5 increases with the increase of the pulse duration, the power is higher, especially at high pulse durations centered on the coil 5 arranged cookware 12, as if the cookware 12 from the center of Spool 5 is shifted. It can therefore by moving the cookware 12 of the hob 2 and thus of the coil. 5 the power of the coil 5 can be reduced.
  • the power by moving the cookware 12 in the in FIG. 4b from 3.16 kilowatts to 2.44 kilowatts.
  • the power can be adjusted by shifting from the position in accordance with a pulse duration of 15 microseconds FIG. 4a ) in the position according to FIG. 4b ) the power is reduced from 1.09 kilowatts to 0.86 kilowatts.
  • the cookware 12 is preferably shifted at most so far that its edge intersects the center of the coil 5 (see FIG. 4b )).
  • an actual value which is dependent on the position of the cookware 12 on the coil 5, determined and compared with a predetermined setpoint.
  • the actual value is preferably the ratio of the induction current, which is also referred to as HF current (high-frequency current), to the mains current.
  • HF current high-frequency current
  • the induction current is measured by means of the sensor 11 and the mains current is measured by means of the sensor 10.
  • the determined actual value is then compared with the corresponding value of a setpoint curve stored in the control unit 9, the values of which depend on the pulse duration of the induction current. That The actual value determined at a specific pulse duration is compared with the desired value of a stored nominal curve corresponding to this pulse duration.
  • FIG. 5 shows by way of example the actual value formed as the ratio of induction current to mains current Dependence on the pulse duration and a linear setpoint curve 13, which is formed as a straight line with a negative slope.
  • the setpoint curve 13 has a negative slope, in particular, if the ratio of induction current to mains current is used as the actual value.
  • the solid curve 14 shows the ratio of the induction current to the mains current, which can also be referred to as active current, as a function of the pulse duration, in the event that the cookware 12 centered on the coil 5 is placed (see. FIG. 4a )).
  • the dashed curve 15 shows the ratio of the induction current to the mains current, when the cookware 12 is not centered on the spool 5, but arranged such that the edge of the cookware 12, the center of the hob 2 and thus the coil 5 intersects (see. FIG. 4b )).
  • the induction current is measured via the sensor 11 and the mains current via the sensor 10, and the ratio of the induction current to the mains current is determined as the actual value.
  • This actual value is then compared with the corresponding value of the setpoint curve 13, and the deviation of the actual value from the setpoint value is determined. If the actual value is greater than the setpoint value, the pulse duration of the induction current is reduced until the actual value adjusts to the setpoint value. The reduction of the pulse duration results in a reduction of the power of the coil 5. If the actual value is smaller than the setpoint, the pulse duration is increased until the actual value adjusts to the setpoint. An increase in the pulse duration results in an increase in the power of the coil 5.
  • a controller for example a P controller, a PI controller or a PID controller, can be used.
  • a controller for example a P controller, a PI controller or a PID controller.
  • a better Dynamic tuning characteristic ie a better transient response, and a more accurate setting erzichev be.
  • an exponential adjustment behavior can be achieved.
  • the controller has an integral component, advantageously a stationary control error of zero can be achieved.
  • the points of intersection of the setpoint curve 13 with the curves 14 and 15 define the power adjustment range of the coil 5.
  • the intersection of the setpoint curve with the curve 14 defines the power in the event that the cookware 12 is exactly in the center of the hob 2.
  • the intersection of the target curve 13 with the curve 15 defines the case that the edge of the cookware 12 intersects the center of the cooktop 2.
  • the cookware 12 is preferably moved only between these two positions, that is, it is not further than in FIG. 4b ) shown pushed away from the center.
  • a higher power for example a power of 3.16 kilowatts (cf. FIG. 3 : the value of the solid curve at a pulse duration of 20 microseconds).
  • a power of 3.16 kilowatts cf. FIG. 3 : the value of the solid curve at a pulse duration of 20 microseconds.
  • the decrease of the amount of the slope can be realized by that as in FIG. 6 shown, a setpoint curve 16 is used, which consists of two linear sections the section is up to a pulse duration of 17.5 microseconds in the FIG. 5 corresponds to the setpoint curve 13 and the section for pulse durations greater than or equal to 17.5 microseconds a smaller amount of slope than the setpoint curve 13.
  • the setpoint curve 16 intersects the curve 14 accordingly only at a pulse duration of 20 microseconds, instead of the setpoint curve 13 at a Pulse duration of 18.3 microseconds.
  • the setpoint curve 16 thus lies for a larger duration of the pulse duration between the curves 14 and 15. This advantageously results in a larger power range. With a pulse duration of 20 microseconds, the power of 3.16 kilowatts then results (cf. FIG. 3 , the solid curve).
  • setpoint curve 16 may also be designed differently, for example as a quadratic function, as an exponential function, as a hyperbola, as a parabola or the like. It can be composed of several sections.
  • phase shift or time delay of the induction current can be used as the actual value, wherein in particular the phase shift or time delay between the first current zero crossing of the induction current and a drive pulse is meant.
  • a drive pulse is to be understood as meaning a pulse generated by the power unit 7 that does not correspond to the load -d.h. the cookware 12- is exposed, i. which is not phase-shifted by load.
  • the control unit 9 instead of recordable example of a microcontroller, an operational amplifier, since substantially no complex mathematical analysis in the power control must be performed.
  • the mains current, the ratio of mains voltage to active current or / and the Performance to be used.
  • the control unit 9 as well as in the case that the actual value corresponds to the ratio of induction current to mains current, so a microcontroller. If the ratio of mains voltage to active current is used as the actual value, this has the advantage that voltage fluctuations in the supply network have little influence on the control of the power of the coil 5.
  • the voltage can be converted into the Figures 5 and 6 shown target curve 13, 16 also have a positive control instead of the illustrated negative slope. In certain cases, the slope of the setpoint curve 13, 16 may even be zero.
  • the power unit 7 is designed as a frequency generator and the frequency of the induction current of the coil 5 is controlled by the control unit 9, the values of the desired curve 13, 16 are dependent on the period of the induction current, wherein the amount of the slope of the desired curve with increasing period of the induction current preferably decreases. Even with a frequency control of the induction current, the above-mentioned signals can be used as actual values.
  • Curves represented by way of example relate to an induction cooking appliance 1 with pulse control of the induction current.
  • the in the Figures 3 . 5 and 6 curves shown corresponding curves for an induction cooking appliance 1 with frequency control of the induction current are conceivable.
  • the curves for the power, the actual values and the setpoint curves are in this case dependent on the period of the induction current.
  • the curves of the curves can be basically similar.
  • the desired curves 13, 16 are preferably also dependent on the type of cookware, in particular on the size and / or the construction of the cookware 12.
  • different set curves 13, 16 are preferably used for different cookware 12 or cookware types.
  • the ratio of the induction current to the mains current is greater, the smaller the diameter of the cookware 12 is.
  • an induction current lower frequency should be used, as in cookware, especially pans, with a so-called sandwich bottom, otherwise usually high heat outputs can not be achieved.
  • cookware 12 made of cast iron or other iron cooking utensils are characterized by special properties that should be considered in the respective setpoint curve 13, 16.
  • a detuning of the respective frequency also results in that the maximum achievable with a coil 5 power is affected.
  • the lower the frequency of the induction current the higher the power.
  • influencing the maximum achievable with a coil 5 performance is not necessarily desirable.
  • adjacent coils 5 are operated with induction currents of different frequency and the frequencies of the induction currents are switched at predetermined time intervals, for example every 100 milliseconds. In a pulse control, this affects the working or fundamental frequency.
  • the switching times or the time until the next switching can be stored in the control unit 9 as well as the frequencies at which the coils 5 are respectively operated.
  • the coil 5 of the first cooktop 2 is operated with an induction current having a working or fundamental frequency of 22 kilohertz.
  • the coil 5 of the second hob 2 is operated, for example, with an induction current with a working or fundamental frequency of 22.2 kilohertz.
  • the operating or basic frequencies are switched such that the coil 5 of the first cooktop 2 with 22.2 kilohertz and the coil 5 of the second cooktop 2 with 22.0 kilohertz works as a working or fundamental frequency. Accordingly, the operating or basic frequencies of the induction currents of more than two coils 5 are switched.
  • the power density decreases for that portion of the bottom of a cookware 12 that is farther from the center of the coil 5. This can lead to a visible difference in the cooking image, e.g. when bubbling in slightly boiling water, which is not necessarily desirable.
  • This difference in the cooking pattern is in oval coils 5, which are designed in particular as counselninduktoren less than in the case of round coils 5.
  • the inventive induction cooker 1 is therefore advantageously at least one coil 5, preferably all coils 5, designed oval.
  • the oval shape of the coils 5 also results in a better surface utilization factor, since the coil width is lower than for round coils 5 with comparable performance.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Induction Heating Cooking Devices (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de commande d'un appareil (1) de cuisson par induction ayant au moins une bobine (5) dans lequel on règle la puissance de la bobine (5) en fonction d'une position d'une gamelle de cuisson sur la bobine (5), caractérisé en ce que
    - on détermine une valeur réelle qui dépend de la position de la gamelle (12) de cuisson sur la bobine (5),
    - on compare la valeur réelle à une valeur de consigne prescrite avec formation d'un écart, et
    - si la valeur réelle s'écarte de la valeur de consigne, on règle la puissance de la bobine au moyen d'une unité (6) de commande de manière à régler la valeur réelle sur la valeur de consigne, la puissance de la bobine étant réglée par une modification d'une durée d'impulsion et/ou d'une durée de période d'un courant d'induction de la bobine (5).
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on prescrit la valeur de consigne sous la forme d'une valeur d'une courbe (16) de consigne, dont les valeurs dépendent de la durée des impulsions et/ou de la durée de la période d'un courant d'induction, la courbe (13, 16) de consigne ayant notamment une pente négative.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la valeur absolue de la pente de la courbe (13, 16) de consigne diminue au fur et à mesure qu'augmente la durée des impulsions et/ou la durée de la période du courant d'induction.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que s'il y a un écart entre la valeur réelle et la valeur de consigne, on règle la puissance de la bobine (5) par un régulateur, notamment par un régulateur PID, l'écart formant une grandeur d'entrée pour le régulateur.
  5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la valeur réelle est un courant d'induction, un rapport entre un courant d'induction et un courant du secteur, un déphasage d'un courant d'induction, un courant du secteur, un rapport entre une tension du secteur et un courant du secteur ou/et une puissance cédée par la bobine (5).
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit une courbe (13, 16) de consigne à partir d'une famille de courbes de consigne, en décidant du type de gamelle de cuisson à partir de la valeur réelle déterminée et en fonction du type de la gamelle de cuisson.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, pour un appareil (1) de cuisson par induction ayant au moins deux bobines (5) voisines, on fait fonctionner les bobines (5) voisines ayant des courants d'induction de fréquences différentes et on commute les fréquences des courants d'induction à des intervalles prescrits dans le temps.
  8. Appareil de cuisson par induction pour chauffer une gamelle de cuisson qui comporte au moins une bobine (5) et une unité (6) de commande de la bobine (5), caractérisé en ce que l'appareil (1) de cuisson par induction, notamment pour son unité (6) de commande, sont constitués pour exécuter un procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes.
  9. Appareil de cuisson par induction suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la au moins une bobine (5) est ovale.
  10. Appareil de cuisson par induction suivant la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu au moins une unité (3) d'affichage pour afficher la puissance instantanée de la au moins une bobine (5).
EP07816224A 2006-11-09 2007-11-01 Procédé de commande d'un appareil de cuisson par induction, et appareil de cuisson par induction Active EP2087770B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH17782006 2006-11-09
PCT/CH2007/000541 WO2008055370A1 (fr) 2006-11-09 2007-11-01 Procédé de commande d'un appareil de cuisson par induction, et appareil de cuisson par induction

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2087770A1 EP2087770A1 (fr) 2009-08-12
EP2087770B1 true EP2087770B1 (fr) 2010-08-25

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US (1) US20090321425A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2087770B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101574014B (fr)
AT (1) ATE479315T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502007004880D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2350174T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008055370A1 (fr)

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US6630650B2 (en) * 2000-08-18 2003-10-07 Luxine, Inc. Induction heating and control system and method with high reliability and advanced performance features
FR2872258B1 (fr) * 2004-06-25 2006-11-10 Brandt Ind Sas Table de cuisson a plusieurs zones de cuisson

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CN101574014A (zh) 2009-11-04
CN101574014B (zh) 2012-04-11
ATE479315T1 (de) 2010-09-15
DE502007004880D1 (de) 2010-10-07
EP2087770A1 (fr) 2009-08-12
US20090321425A1 (en) 2009-12-31
WO2008055370A1 (fr) 2008-05-15
ES2350174T3 (es) 2011-01-19

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