EP1616831B1 - Aufzug mit einer bremslösevorrichtung für aufzugwinde - Google Patents

Aufzug mit einer bremslösevorrichtung für aufzugwinde Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1616831B1
EP1616831B1 EP04721634A EP04721634A EP1616831B1 EP 1616831 B1 EP1616831 B1 EP 1616831B1 EP 04721634 A EP04721634 A EP 04721634A EP 04721634 A EP04721634 A EP 04721634A EP 1616831 B1 EP1616831 B1 EP 1616831B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elevator
inner wire
brake
operation lever
outer tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04721634A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
EP1616831A4 (de
EP1616831A1 (de
Inventor
Shin Murakami
Takashi Ishii
Naoki Urata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Elevator and Building Systems Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Elevator Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Elevator Co Ltd filed Critical Toshiba Elevator Co Ltd
Publication of EP1616831A1 publication Critical patent/EP1616831A1/de
Publication of EP1616831A4 publication Critical patent/EP1616831A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1616831B1 publication Critical patent/EP1616831B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/027—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions to permit passengers to leave an elevator car in case of failure, e.g. moving the car to a reference floor or unlocking the door
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
    • B66B1/32—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on braking devices, e.g. acting on electrically controlled brakes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elevator comprising a brake release apparatus of an elevator hoist, which is used for releasing a brake of an elevator hoist when the elevator hoist cannot be driven.
  • an elevator hoist (hereinafter also referred to as "hoist") becomes impossible because of an earthquake, a power failure, a breakdown of the elevator or the like.
  • a car stops between floors and a rescue operation is carried out by manually releasing a brake of the hoist so as to vertically move the car to an elevator hall.
  • a rescue operation mechanism (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-233563 ) is known, in which a brake wire is pulled during a rescue operation to release a brake by drawing an end of the brake wire to an elevator hall floor, and pushing down a foot lever temporarily installed on the elevator hall floor.
  • Another apparatus includes a brake release wire disposed between a hoist and a manual operation part of an elevator, a pinion fixed on a rotary shaft of the hoist, a rack meshed with the pinion, a meshing wire for displacing the rack to a meshing position, and a manual driving wire for longitudinally reciprocating the rack.
  • a brake release lever, a manual driving lever, and a meshing lever, which are for operating these wires, are secured to an indicator box located in an elevator hall.
  • a braking force setting apparatus of a hoist (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-294386 ) is known, which is installed during a rescue operation on an elevator hall floor near a lower part of an elevator shaft, and includes a lever mechanism for independently pulling two pairs of brake wires disposed on a hoist.
  • an outer tube of a brake wire of a hoist is secured to a structure such as a frame, and an end of an inner wire is connected to a lever so that the inner wire is pulled relative to the outer tube by a rotation of the lever.
  • a male screw is formed outside an end part of the outer tube so as to secure the outer tube to the structure by a nut.
  • the brake wire must be loosened in the elevator shaft in order to draw the terminal of the brake wire to the elevator hall floor.
  • the loosened wire might become entangled with the car.
  • a part of the brake wire might bulge toward a car, or the brake wire may move because a tension is applied thereto. Then, the brake wire might become entangled with the car being guided.
  • a relatively large operation lever is needed to release a brake of a hoist, because a force in a range of from several hundred N to 1 kN or above must be applied to an operation wire over a stroke of several tens of millimeters.
  • a lever for pulling an inner wire of a brake wire is rotated about its supporting axis.
  • a direction to which the inner wire is pulled and a direction to which the outer tube is fixed might be misaligned. Then, it is likely that a friction force between the inner wire and the outer tube is increased, and thus, a smooth operation cannot be achieved, or further, the inner wire is damaged so that the safety of the rescue operation deteriorates.
  • one of the effective solutions is to extend a distance between a position where the inner wire is pulled and a rotational center of the lever.
  • this solution causes the lever to be elongated as a whole.
  • the brake release apparatus becomes larger, which produces such disadvantages that a larger storing space is needed, and that the design thereof deteriorates.
  • the other effective solution is to constitute the brake such that the brake can be released with a shorter stroke, which causes a pulling force to be increased.
  • a thicker wire is needed, and the constitution of the brake is enlarged. With a shorter stroke and an increased pulling force, a fine adjustment of the pulling force becomes difficult, and it might be difficult to execute a rescue operation in a stable manner.
  • W02002/30800 A1 discloses an elevator with a driving machine for raising and lowering an elevator car.
  • the driving machine is connected to a break release plate via break release wires.
  • the break release plate can be pivoted by a break release lever. The motion thereof is transferred to the driving machine by means of the break release wires to release a break mechanism for the driving machine.
  • the outer tube rotation supporting means when the inner wire is pulled by rotating the operation lever, the outer tube rotation supporting means is rotated and the outer tube is constantly oriented to a direction where the inner wire is pulled.
  • a friction force cannot be applied between an inner surface of the end part of the outer tube and the inner wire, and therefore a smooth operation can be achieved and an operation reliability is increased.
  • an operation angle of the operation lever can be increased, and therefore an operation stroke of the operation lever can be increased even if the length of the operation lever is small.
  • the apparatus itself can be more compact.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing an example of an elevator.
  • An elevator 100 includes a car 104 disposed in a vertically movable manner in an elevator shaft 101 of a building, and an elevator hoist (also referred to as "hoist") 102 disposed in an upper part of the elevator shaft 101.
  • a rope 103 pending from the hoist 102 is passed round driven sheaves 105 disposed under the car 104, and one end of the rope 103 is supported near an upper end of the elevator shaft 101.
  • the rope 103 pending from the hoist 102 is passed round a sheave 107 built on an upper part of a counterweight 106, and the other end of the rope 103 is supported near an upper end of the elevator shaft 101.
  • An elevator hall 108 of each floor includes a floor 109, a wall 110, and an elevator hall door 111.
  • FIG. 1 A brake release apparatus of an elevator hoist is described with reference to Fig. 1 .
  • the elevator shaft 101 is shown on the left, and the elevator hall 108 is shown on the right.
  • the hoist 102 includes an emergency brake 102a.
  • a brake release apparatus of an elevator hoist according to the present invention releases the brake 102a of the hoist 102 from a side of the elevator hall 108.
  • the brake release apparatus includes: a storage box (housing) 20 disposed on the wall 110 near the elevator hall 108, and incorporating therein a frame 30; a flexible outer tube 11 extending between the brake 102a of the hoist 102 and the storage box 20; a flexible inner wire 12 extending in the outer tube 11; and an operation lever 40 rotatably disposed on the frame 30 in the storage box 20, and connected to the inner wire 12.
  • the outer tube 11 and the inner wire 12 constitute a brake wire 10.
  • One end 10a of the brake wire 10 is connected to the brake 102a, while the other end 10b of the brake wire 10 is guided to the frame 30 of the storage box 20.
  • the storage box 20 is disposed on a position of the elevator hall 108 where an operator can open the elevator hall door 111 and operate the operation lever 40, while watching the car 104 in the elevator shaft 101.
  • the frame 30 is secured in the storage box 20.
  • the operation lever 40 is rotatably disposed relative to the frame 30.
  • the outer tube 11 has an end fitting 11 a which is rotatably supported on the frame 30 through an outer tube securing shaft (first shaft-shaped member) 35.
  • the inner wire 12 has an end fitting 12a which is supported on a middle part of the lever 40 through an inner wire connecting shaft (second shaft-shaped member) 46.
  • the storage box 20 is provided with a cover 21, and thus an inside of the storage box 20 is invisible from the elevator hall 108.
  • Fig. 2 is an outline view of the storage box 20 when viewed from an elevator hall.
  • An indicator panel 112 having not shown call buttons is disposed on the wall 110 of the elevator hall 108.
  • the storage box 20 with the cover 21 is disposed near the indicator panel 112.
  • a key 22 is disposed on the cover 21.
  • Figs. 3(a) to 3(d) respectively show the inner structure of the storage box 20.
  • Fig. 3(a) is a side view showing the inner structure of the storage box 20.
  • Fig. 3(b) is a front view thereof.
  • Fig. 3(c) is an enlarged view of Fig. 3(b).
  • Fig. 3(d) shows an outer tube securing shaft.
  • the frame 30 includes a pair of frame plates 31 of the same shape, a frame block 32 sandwiched between the pair of frame plates 31, and bolts 33 for securing the pair of frame plates 31 to each other.
  • the frame block 32 is secured on a stationary board 113 disposed in the wall 110 by four bolts 34.
  • the operation lever 40 is supported inside the pair of frame plates 31 in a swingable manner about a lever rotation shaft 41 attached to the respective frame plates 31.
  • the operation lever 40 includes a pair of lever plates 42 of the same shape, a spacer 43 sandwiched between the pair of lever plates 42, and a bolt 44 for securing the pair of lever plates 42 to each other.
  • Each of the lever plates 42 has a hole 42a at its end.
  • a supplemental pipe (additional lever) 45 can be connected to the operation lever 40 through the holes 42a.
  • the supplemental pipe 45 is stored in the storage box 20.
  • a screw 13 is formed outside the end fitting 11 a of the outer tube 11.
  • the outer tube securing shaft 35 has a hole which is perpendicular to a shaft axis of the outer tube securing shaft 35. With the end fitting 11a being inserted in the hole, two nuts 14 are screwed to be engaged with the screw 13, so that the end fitting 11 a is secured to the outer tube securing shaft 35.
  • the outer tube securing shaft 35 is rotatably supported relative to the frame plates 31.
  • the outer tube securing shaft 35 has two planar machining surfaces 35a with which the nuts 14 are in contact. Lock rings 35b are attached on both ends of the outer tube securing shaft 35.
  • a screw 15 is formed at an end of the end fitting 12a of the inner wire 12.
  • the end fitting 12a passes through a hole perpendicular to a shaft axis of the inner wire connecting shaft 46.
  • a nut 16 is attached on an end of the screw 15.
  • the inner wire connecting shaft 46 is rotatably supported relative to the two lever plates 42.
  • a planar machining surface 46a of the inner wire connecting shaft 46 is provided, with which the nut 16 is to be in contact.
  • Lock rings 46b are attached on both ends of the inner wire connecting shaft 46. In Figs 3(a) to 3(d) , the machining surface 46a of the inner wire connecting shaft 46 and the nut 16 are not in contact with each other, with a slight allowance therebetween.
  • the car 104 stops between the floors with the brake 102 of the hoist 102 being operated, and a rescue operation of passengers in the car 104 is carried out by the following steps.
  • an operator slightly opens the door 111 of the elevator hall 108 on the floor near the hoist 102, so that an inside of the elevator shaft 101 is visible.
  • Figs. 4(a) to 4(c) are side views showing an inside of the storage box 20 in a perspective manner.
  • Fig. 4(a) shows the storage box 20 covered with the cover 21.
  • the reference symbol G indicates a length of an allowance between the machining surface 46a of the inner wire connecting shaft 46 and the nut 16.
  • FIGS. 5(a) to 5(c) are schematic views showing operations of the operation lever 40 to which the supplemental pipe 45 is connected.
  • a state shown in Fig. 5(a) is changed into that shown in Fig. 5(b).
  • Fig. 5(c) shows a state in which the operation lever 40 is further pulled down.
  • an end of the inner wire 12 is moved in an arcuate manner. Since the outer tube securing shaft 35 is rotatable relative to the frame 30, the end fitting 11 a of the outer tube 11 is constantly oriented to a direction where the inner wire is pulled. Since the inner wire connecting shaft 46 is also rotatably supported relative to the operation lever 40, no bending load is applied to the inner wire 12, when the operation lever 40 is rotated.
  • the operator continually pulls down the operation lever 40, while watching the car 104 in the elevator shaft 101.
  • a speed of the car 104 is suitably adjusted as the brake 102a is released, so as to guide the car 104 to a front surface of the elevator hall 108.
  • the elevator hall door 111 and the door of the car 104 are opened, and the passengers are rescued.
  • the brake 102a of the brake 102 can be released only by connecting the supplemental pipe 45 to the operation lever 40 in the storage box 20 disposed on the wall 111 of the elevator hall 108, and pulling down the supplemental pipe 45.
  • the brake 102a of the brake 102 can be released only by connecting the supplemental pipe 45 to the operation lever 40 in the storage box 20 disposed on the wall 111 of the elevator hall 108, and pulling down the supplemental pipe 45.
  • the outer tube securing shaft 35 is rotated relative to the frame 30 so as to be constantly oriented to a direction where the inner wire 12 is pulled.
  • a friction force can not be applied, so that a smooth operation can be achieved.
  • a damage of the inner wire 12 is prevented, and a sufficient reliability can be obtained.
  • an operation angle of the operation lever 40 can be increased, a pulling action with a larger stroke can be realized without using an elongated lever. Consequently, the apparatus can be made more compact and smaller. Since a fine adjustment of a pulling force is permitted, an excellent operability is provided.
  • the inner wire connecting shaft 46 is rotated relative to the frame 30.
  • an operation angle of the operation lever 40 is increased, no excessive bending load is applied to an end of the inner wire 12, and thus a smooth operation can be achieved.
  • the above embodiment exemplifies one supplemental pipe 45 to be connected to the operation lever 40.
  • two or more supplemental pipes 45 may be connected to the operation lever 40 so as to suitably reduce a force required for operating the operation lever 40.
  • the operation lever may be extended by using a foldable link mechanism or a stretchable lever. Alternatively, the operator can carry a lever for extension with him or her.
  • the outer tube securing shaft 35 and the inner wire connecting shaft 46 are supported by the frame plates 31 and the lever plate 42 to be directly contacted with each other.
  • a lubricant or a bearing to further reduce a frictional force, a more smooth operation can be realized.
  • the above embodiment exemplifies a case in which the hoist 102 is disposed in an upper part of the elevator shaft 101 with reference to Fig. 6 .
  • the same effects can be obtained, if the hoist 102 is disposed on a pit of the elevator shaft 101, on other parts of the elevator shaft 101, or in a machineroom.
  • a rescue operation can be carried out in a quick and safe manner. Even when a car is located near the elevator hall, a rescue operation can be carried out without problem. Further, since there is no need for the brake wire to be loosened in an elevator shaft, and the brake wire would not bulge in the elevator shaft during a rescue operation, a brake release apparatus of an elevator hoist with a high security can be provided. In addition, since an operation angle of an operation lever can be increased, a pulling action with a sufficient stroke can be achieved without elongating the operation lever, and thus an operability can be improved. Since a housing for storing the operation lever can be made small, a deterioration of design is prevented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Aufzug mit einer Bremslösevorrichtung einer Aufzugshebevorrichtung zum Lösen einer Bremse (102a) einer Aufzugshebevorrichtung (102), die in einem Aufzugsschacht von einer Aufzugshalle mit einer Aufzugshallentür angeordnet ist, um eine Kabine zu leiten, mit
    einem Gehäuse (20), das nahe der Aufzugshalle angeordnet ist und darin einen Rahmen (30) enthält,
    einem Außenrohr (11), das mit der Bremse (102a) der Aufzugshebevorrichtung (102) und dem Gehäuse verbindbar ist,
    einem sich in dem Außenroher (11) erstreckendem Innenkabel (12), und
    einem Bedienhebel (40), der an dem Rahmen (30) in dem Gehäuse (20) drehbar angeordnet ist und mit dem Innenkabel (12) verbunden ist und
    wobei das Innenkabel (12) ein mit dem Bedienhebel (40) über ein Innenkabeldrehungsunterstützungsmittel verbundenes Ende aufweist, sodass das Innenkabel (12) drehbar bezüglich des Bedienhebels (40) unterstütz ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Außenrohr (11) mit dem Rahmen (30) über ein Außenrohrdrehungsunterstützungsmittel verbunden ist, sodass das Außenrohr (11) bezüglich des Rahmens (30) drehbar unterstützt ist.
  2. Aufzug nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    das Außenrohrdrehungsunterstützungsmittel ein erstes schaftförmiges Teil (35) aufweist, durch das das Außenrohr (11) in einer Richtung senkrecht zu einer Schaftachse des ersten schaftförmigen Teils (35) hindurch tritt, und
    das Innenkabeldrehungsunterstützungsmittel ein zweites schaftförmiges Teil (46) aufweist, durch das das Innenkabel (12) in einer Richtung senkrecht zu einer Schaftachse des zweiten schaftförmigen Teils (46) hindurch tritt.
  3. Aufzug nach Anspruch 1, ferner mit
    einem zusätzlichen Hebel (45), welcher zur Verlängerung mit dem Bedienhebel verbindbar ist.
  4. Aufzug nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Gehäuse (20) und der zusätzliche Hebel (45) derart konfiguriert sind, dass
    der zusätzliche Hebel (45), wenn er von dem Bedienhebel (40) gelöst ist, in dem Gehäuse (20) aufbewahrbar ist.
  5. Aufzug nach Anspruch 1, wobei,
    wenn der Bedienhebel (40) in dem Gehäuse (20) ist, das eine Ende des Innenkabels (12) von dem Bedienhebel (40) getrennt ist, und, wenn der Bedienhebel (40) außerhalb des Gehäuses (20) ist, das eine Ende des Innenkabels (12) mit dem Bedienhebel (40) verbunden ist.
  6. Aufzug nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    das Gehäuse (20) an einer Position der Aufzugshalle (108) angeordnet ist, an der ein Bediener die Aufzugshallentür (111) öffnen und den Bedienhebel (40) bedienen kann, während er die Kabine (104) in dem Aufzugsschaft (101) beobachtet.
EP04721634A 2003-04-09 2004-03-18 Aufzug mit einer bremslösevorrichtung für aufzugwinde Expired - Lifetime EP1616831B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003105363A JP4299043B2 (ja) 2003-04-09 2003-04-09 エレベータ巻上機のブレーキ開放装置およびその操作方法
PCT/JP2004/003632 WO2004089801A1 (ja) 2003-04-09 2004-03-18 エレベータ巻上機のブレーキ開放装置およびその操作方法

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1616831A1 EP1616831A1 (de) 2006-01-18
EP1616831A4 EP1616831A4 (de) 2007-07-11
EP1616831B1 true EP1616831B1 (de) 2011-03-09

Family

ID=33156877

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04721634A Expired - Lifetime EP1616831B1 (de) 2003-04-09 2004-03-18 Aufzug mit einer bremslösevorrichtung für aufzugwinde

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1616831B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4299043B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100651006B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100408461C (de)
DE (1) DE602004031720D1 (de)
MY (1) MY137379A (de)
TW (1) TWI247720B (de)
WO (1) WO2004089801A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11261056B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-03-01 Otis Elevator Company Elevator safety actuator systems
US11667495B2 (en) 2018-05-03 2023-06-06 Otis Elevator Company Brake disc releasing device, turning device, elevator rescue kit and method

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4672337B2 (ja) * 2004-11-11 2011-04-20 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータ巻上機のブレーキ解放装置
JP2007062900A (ja) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-15 Toshiba Elevator Co Ltd エレベータシステム
JP5327828B2 (ja) * 2007-09-03 2013-10-30 東芝エレベータ株式会社 エレベータ巻上機のブレーキ開放装置およびそれを備えたエレベータシステム
CN102358544B (zh) * 2011-08-30 2013-09-11 昆山通祐电梯有限公司 电梯自救装置

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB901389A (en) * 1960-12-13 1962-07-18 Morse Instr Co Push-pull cable mounting bracket
CN1063726C (zh) * 1996-07-09 2001-03-28 王秋楠 电梯安全脱困装置
FI103498B (fi) * 1996-09-05 1999-07-15 Kone Corp Järjestely hissikoneiston jarrun avaamiseen
JP4291457B2 (ja) * 1999-04-30 2009-07-08 東芝エレベータ株式会社 エレベータ巻上機のブレーキ解放装置
JP2001122547A (ja) * 1999-10-21 2001-05-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp エレベータ巻上機の手動操作装置
JP2001233563A (ja) * 2000-02-18 2001-08-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corp トラクション式エレベーターの救出運転装置及びその救出運転方法
JP4421069B2 (ja) * 2000-04-10 2010-02-24 三菱電機株式会社 エレベーター巻上機の制動力設定装置
JPWO2002030800A1 (ja) * 2000-10-10 2004-02-19 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータ及びそのかご位置確認装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11667495B2 (en) 2018-05-03 2023-06-06 Otis Elevator Company Brake disc releasing device, turning device, elevator rescue kit and method
US11261056B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-03-01 Otis Elevator Company Elevator safety actuator systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1616831A4 (de) 2007-07-11
WO2004089801A1 (ja) 2004-10-21
TWI247720B (en) 2006-01-21
CN1705611A (zh) 2005-12-07
JP2004307181A (ja) 2004-11-04
KR20050067415A (ko) 2005-07-01
TW200426104A (en) 2004-12-01
DE602004031720D1 (de) 2011-04-21
CN100408461C (zh) 2008-08-06
KR100651006B1 (ko) 2006-11-30
JP4299043B2 (ja) 2009-07-22
MY137379A (en) 2009-01-30
EP1616831A1 (de) 2006-01-18

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