EP1577423B1 - Elektrolytische Zelle zur Gaserzeugung - Google Patents

Elektrolytische Zelle zur Gaserzeugung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1577423B1
EP1577423B1 EP05003729A EP05003729A EP1577423B1 EP 1577423 B1 EP1577423 B1 EP 1577423B1 EP 05003729 A EP05003729 A EP 05003729A EP 05003729 A EP05003729 A EP 05003729A EP 1577423 B1 EP1577423 B1 EP 1577423B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell according
electrodes
electrolyte liquid
gas
azide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05003729A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1577423A3 (de
EP1577423A2 (de
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Graf
Michael Dipl.-Ing. Weigand
Robert Glier
Renate Glier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
perma tec GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
perma tec GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by perma tec GmbH and Co KG filed Critical perma tec GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1577423A2 publication Critical patent/EP1577423A2/de
Publication of EP1577423A3 publication Critical patent/EP1577423A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1577423B1 publication Critical patent/EP1577423B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
    • A44B19/24—Details
    • A44B19/26—Sliders
    • A44B19/265—Sliders with means for preventing the accidental intrusion of material into the slider body, e.g. with shield or guard
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45B—WALKING STICKS; UMBRELLAS; LADIES' OR LIKE FANS
    • A45B25/00—Details of umbrellas
    • A45B25/18—Covers; Means for fastening same

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cell for generating gas, in particular for the operation of a lubricant dispenser, with two electrodes for connection to a current source containing circuit and an aqueous electrolyte liquid containing an azide of the formula XN 3 and located between the two electrodes for the electrochemical generation of a gas containing nitrogen (N 2 ).
  • a gas generating cell it is known to meter the amount of lubricant dispensed from a lubricant dispenser by means of a gas generating cell, the pressure generated by the gas causing a corresponding escape of lubricant from the dispenser.
  • the generation of hydrogen or oxygen at the electrodes of a galvanic cell is known ( DE 35 32 335 C2 ).
  • the cell may optionally provide a sufficiently large voltage with a zinc anode to generate hydrogen or with a manganese dioxide cathode to produce oxygen to adjust the electrolytic current flowing between the electrodes via an external variable resistor.
  • a battery may be provided, which allows a better control of the current.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a cell with the features described above, which is characterized by a good gas generation rate.
  • the object is achieved in that the electrolyte liquid contains a magnesium salt as an additive for the chemical bonding of hydroxide ions formed during the electrochemical reaction.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the magnesium hydroxide formed from the magnesium salt and the hydroxide ions has only a very small solubility product and is removed in accordance with the reaction equilibrium in the electrolyte liquid.
  • magnesium in its compounds is electrochemically indifferent and also the precipitated hydrous hydroxide hydroxide does not affect the ion migration in the electrolyte liquid appreciably. With the aid of the teaching according to the invention, it is possible to keep the pH of the electrolyte liquid constant even with increasing nitrogen formation in a narrow range.
  • the electrolyte liquid may have a pH between 8 and 10.
  • the pH is 8 - 9.5.
  • the azide is expediently sodium azide
  • the magnesium salt used is preferably magnesium sulfate or magnesium perchlorate. In order to ensure a sufficient removal of the resulting hydroxide ions from the electrolyte liquid, the magnesium salt is added stoichiometrically or in excess in relation to the amount of azide.
  • the electrolyte liquid may be added to an antifreeze, which preferably consists of ethylene glycol and / or dimethyl sulfoxide. As a result, proper operation of the gas cell is ensured even at low temperatures.
  • the electrolyte liquid may contain nickel sulfate as an additive.
  • the direct oxidation of azide is possible not only on noble metal electrodes, but equally well on electrodes made of steel, preferably chromium-nickel steel or graphite. Alternatively, the electrodes can also be made of plastic with embedded graphite powder.
  • Fig. 1 a diagram is shown, which represents the evolution of gas from a pure sodium azide solution according to the prior art as a function of the content of free sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the case of the decay of the azide according to the equation 2 NaN 3 + 2 H 2 O ⁇ 3N 2 + H 2 + 2 NaOH The caustic soda produced causes even at low concentrations a significant drop in the gas generation rate, so that as the gas production increases, the effectiveness of the cell decreases very rapidly.
  • the Fig. 2 schematically shows the structure of a cell according to the invention for gas generation, which is particularly suitable for the operation of a lubricant dispenser.
  • the cell has two electrodes 1, 1 'for connection to a circuit 3 containing a current source 2.
  • the power source 2 may for example consist of a commercially available battery button cell.
  • a sodium azide (NaN 3 ) -containing Between the two electrodes 1, 1 'there is a sodium azide (NaN 3 ) -containing, aqueous electrolyte liquid 4, which serves for the electrochemical generation of a nitrogen (N 2 ) -containing gas.
  • a suitable receiving body 5 is provided, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, a suitable receiving body 5 is provided, for.
  • the applied voltage causes the following reaction at the anode 1: 2N 3 - ⁇ 3N 2 + 2e - , while a corresponding reduction of hydrogen ions takes place at the cathode 1 ': 2 H + + 2e - ⁇ H 2
  • the electrolyte liquid 4 is added to a magnesium salt for chemical bonding of the hydroxide ions formed during the electrochemical reaction.
  • Magnesium hydroxide has a very low solubility product, so that the magnesium hydroxide formed from the magnesium salt and the hydroxide ions according to the equation Mg 2+ + 2OH - ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 , which is formed on the cathode 1 ', from the electrolyte liquid 4 fails.
  • the electrolyte fluid according to the invention allows for the electrodes 1, 1 'conventional materials such.
  • steel preferably chromium-nickel steel, or graphite can be used.
  • the electrodes 1, 1 ' may also be made of plastic with embedded graphite powder.
  • the magnesium perchlorate binds the sodium hydroxide formed in the reaction by the formation of sparingly soluble magnesium hydroxide. This precipitates as precipitate and is thereby removed from the reaction equilibrium.
  • magnesium perchlorate has the advantage that the electrolyte liquid remains fluid to below - 20 ° C, so that an addition of antifreeze is not required and the electrolyte liquid can be easily absorbed in a sponge.
  • a simple separation of gas and electrolyte fluid independent of the position is provided.
  • the disposal of a cell containing the electrolyte liquid can be made by burning.
  • the magnesium perchlorate is readily soluble in the water so that the volume of electrolyte can be kept small. Even at temperatures of - 20 ° C, the liquid has sufficient conductivity.
  • Perchloric acid is also a stable compound that behaves inertly under the given conditions.
  • the formation of elemental nitrogen is carried out according to the following reaction equation: 2 Na N 3 + Mg (ClO 4 ) 2 + 2H 2 O ⁇ 3 N 2 + H 2 + Mg (OH) 2 + 2 Na ClO 4 .
  • the solution is slightly alkaline, hygroscopic, odorless, non-aggressive and undecomposed. Depending on the experimental conditions, 1 ml of this solution can supply 75 to 100 ml of gas (N 2 and H 2 ).
  • the Fig. 3 illustrates the effect of adding nickel sulfate according to Example b) on the total cell voltage as a function of the electrolysis current strength.
  • graphite electrodes 10 ⁇ 10 mm were used. From the Fig. 3 It can be seen that the addition of nickel sulfate, the hydrogen overvoltage of the electrode forming the cathode can be reduced and at the same cell current compared to the solution a) sets a correspondingly lower cell voltage.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the course of the cell voltage as a function of the current at + 20 ° C and - 20 ° C. It can be seen that lowering the temperature at the same cell current requires a higher cell voltage.
  • This in Fig. 4 Diagram shown was prepared for the electrolyte liquid according to Example b), which ensures even at -20 ° C still sufficiently large cell currents that allow use of the cell according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP05003729A 2004-03-19 2005-02-22 Elektrolytische Zelle zur Gaserzeugung Expired - Lifetime EP1577423B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004013593 2004-03-19
DE102004013593 2004-03-19
DE102004032260A DE102004032260B4 (de) 2004-03-19 2004-07-03 Zelle zur Gaserzeugung
DE102004032260 2004-07-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1577423A2 EP1577423A2 (de) 2005-09-21
EP1577423A3 EP1577423A3 (de) 2008-02-13
EP1577423B1 true EP1577423B1 (de) 2008-12-10

Family

ID=34839610

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05003729A Expired - Lifetime EP1577423B1 (de) 2004-03-19 2005-02-22 Elektrolytische Zelle zur Gaserzeugung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US20050205418A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP1577423B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP4210664B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR20060043761A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE417143T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU2005201076B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE102004032260B4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2318373T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007010518B4 (de) * 2007-03-05 2009-03-19 Perma-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Abgabe von Schmiermitteln sowie Gaserzeugungselement zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102007037422A1 (de) * 2007-08-08 2009-02-19 Perma-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg Schmierstoffspender
DE102011004799B4 (de) * 2011-02-25 2012-09-27 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Statusindikator für temperaturempfindliche Güter

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1558241A (en) * 1977-05-18 1979-12-19 Chloride Silent Power Ltd Electrochemical cells employing an alkali metal and a solid electrolyte
US4250004A (en) * 1980-02-25 1981-02-10 Olin Corporation Process for the preparation of low overvoltage electrodes
DE3423605A1 (de) * 1984-06-27 1986-01-09 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Verbundelektrode, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre anwendung
DE3532335A1 (de) * 1985-09-11 1987-03-12 Winsel August Galvanische zelle zur entwicklung von wasserstoff bzw. sauerstoff
CA2108683C (en) 1991-04-24 2004-01-27 Colin Oloman Gas generator
US5423454A (en) * 1992-08-19 1995-06-13 Lippman, Deceased; Lawrence G. Method of propellant gas generation
US5427870A (en) * 1994-09-06 1995-06-27 Ceramatec, Inc. Gas releasing electrochemical cell for fluid dispensing applications
US6024860A (en) * 1997-08-15 2000-02-15 American Pacific Corporation System for electrochemical decomposition of sodium azide
CA2243219A1 (en) * 1998-07-14 2000-01-14 A.T.S. Electro-Lube Holdings Ltd. Electrolytic generation of nitrogen
US6296756B1 (en) * 1999-09-09 2001-10-02 H20 Technologies, Ltd. Hand portable water purification system
US6428608B1 (en) * 2000-12-22 2002-08-06 Honeywell International Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling air quality
US6835298B2 (en) * 2002-02-01 2004-12-28 A.T.S. Electro-Lube Holdings, Ltd. Electrolytic generation of nitrogen using azole derivatives
CA2476576A1 (en) * 2002-02-22 2003-09-04 Aqua Innovations, Inc. Microbubbles of oxygen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20050205418A1 (en) 2005-09-22
JP4210664B2 (ja) 2009-01-21
AU2005201076B2 (en) 2009-09-17
EP1577423A3 (de) 2008-02-13
KR20060043761A (ko) 2006-05-15
ATE417143T1 (de) 2008-12-15
US7563355B2 (en) 2009-07-21
AU2005201076A1 (en) 2005-10-06
DE102004032260A1 (de) 2006-02-23
EP1577423A2 (de) 2005-09-21
DE102004032260B4 (de) 2006-04-27
ES2318373T3 (es) 2009-05-01
US20080226953A1 (en) 2008-09-18
JP2005264333A (ja) 2005-09-29

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