EP1577423A2 - Elektrolytische Zelle zur Gaserzeugung - Google Patents
Elektrolytische Zelle zur Gaserzeugung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1577423A2 EP1577423A2 EP05003729A EP05003729A EP1577423A2 EP 1577423 A2 EP1577423 A2 EP 1577423A2 EP 05003729 A EP05003729 A EP 05003729A EP 05003729 A EP05003729 A EP 05003729A EP 1577423 A2 EP1577423 A2 EP 1577423A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cell according
- electrodes
- electrolyte liquid
- cell
- azide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
- A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
- A44B19/24—Details
- A44B19/26—Sliders
- A44B19/265—Sliders with means for preventing the accidental intrusion of material into the slider body, e.g. with shield or guard
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45B—WALKING STICKS; UMBRELLAS; LADIES' OR LIKE FANS
- A45B25/00—Details of umbrellas
- A45B25/18—Covers; Means for fastening same
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cell for generating gas, in particular for the operation of a lubricant dispenser, with two electrodes for connection to a current source containing circuit and an aqueous electrolyte liquid containing an azide of the formula XN 3 and located between the two electrodes for the electrochemical generation of a gas containing nitrogen (N 2 ).
- a lubricant dispenser To meter the amount of lubricant by means of a gas-generating cell, wherein the pressure generated by means of the gas a corresponding exit of Lubricant caused by the dispenser.
- the generation of hydrogen or oxygen to the Electrodes of a galvanic cell known (DE 35 32 335 C2).
- the cell can optionally with a zinc anode for the production of hydrogen or with a Manganese dioxide cathode for the production of oxygen itself sufficient provide great voltage to the over an external variable resistor To set between the electrodes flowing electrolysis. additionally can also be provided a battery, which better regulation of Amperage possible.
- the invention is based on the object, a cell with the above indicate characteristics characterized by a good gas generation rate distinguished.
- the object is achieved in that the electrolyte liquid a magnesium salt as an additive to the chemical bonding of the containing electrochemical reaction resulting hydroxide ions.
- the Invention is based on the finding that the magnesium salt and The hydroxide hydroxide formed magnesium hydroxide only a very small Having solubility product and according to the reaction equilibrium in the electrolyte liquid is withdrawn.
- magnesium is in his Compounds electrochemically indifferent and also the precipitated hydrous Hydroxide gel influences ion migration in the electrolyte fluid not noticeable. With the help of the teaching of the invention, it is possible to pH of the electrolyte liquid also with increasing nitrogen formation in to keep a narrow range constant.
- the electrolyte liquid can have a pH between 8 and 10 exhibit. Preferably, the pH is 8 - 9.5. While the azide suitably made of sodium azide is used as the magnesium salt preferably magnesium sulfate or magnesium perchlorate used. Around a sufficient withdrawal of the resulting hydroxide ions from the To ensure electrolyte fluid is the magnesium salt in relation to Amide added stoichiometrically or in excess.
- the electrolyte liquid may be added an antifreeze, which preferably consists of ethylene glycol and / or dimethyl sulfoxide. hereby is a proper operation of the gas cell even at low temperatures guaranteed.
- an antifreeze which preferably consists of ethylene glycol and / or dimethyl sulfoxide. hereby is a proper operation of the gas cell even at low temperatures guaranteed.
- the electrolyte liquid nickel sulfate as an additive contain.
- the direct oxidation of azide not only possible on precious metal electrodes, but equally well on Electrodes of steel, preferably chromium-nickel steel or graphite. alternative The electrodes can also be made of plastic with embedded graphite powder consist.
- FIG. 1 shows a diagram which represents the evolution of gas from a pure sodium azide solution according to the prior art as a function of the content of free sodium hydroxide solution.
- the caustic soda produced causes even at low concentrations a significant drop in the gas generation rate, so that as the gas production increases, the effectiveness of the cell decreases very rapidly.
- Fig. 2 shows schematically the structure of a cell according to the invention for gas generation, which is particularly suitable for the operation of a lubricant dispenser.
- the cell has two electrodes 1, 1 'for connection to a circuit 3 containing a current source 2.
- the power source 2 may for example consist of a commercially available battery button cell.
- a sodium azide (NaN 3 ) -containing Between the two electrodes 1, 1 'there is a sodium azide (NaN 3 ) -containing, aqueous electrolyte liquid 4, which serves for the electrochemical generation of a nitrogen (N 2 ) -containing gas.
- a suitable receiving body 5 is provided, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, a suitable receiving body 5 is provided, for.
- the applied voltage causes the following reaction at the anode 1: 2N 3 - ⁇ 3 N 2 + 2 e -, while a corresponding reduction of hydrogen ions takes place at the cathode 1 ': 2 H + + 2e - ⁇ H 2
- the electrolyte liquid 4 is added to a magnesium salt for chemical bonding of the hydroxide ions formed during the electrochemical reaction.
- Magnesium hydroxide has a very low solubility product, so that the magnesium hydroxide formed from the magnesium salt and the hydroxide ions according to the equation Mg 2+ + 2 OH - ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 , which is formed on the cathode 1 ', from the electrolyte liquid 4 fails.
- the electrolyte fluid according to the invention allows for the electrodes 1, 1 'conventional materials such.
- steel preferably chromium-nickel steel, or graphite can be used.
- the electrodes 1, 1 ' may also be made of plastic with embedded graphite powder.
- the magnesium perchlorate binds the sodium hydroxide formed in the reaction by formation of sparingly soluble magnesium hydroxide. This falls as Precipitation and is thus removed from the reaction equilibrium.
- magnesium perchlorate has the advantage that the electrolyte liquid remains fluid to below - 20 ° C, so that an addition of antifreeze is not required and the electrolyte liquid can be easily absorbed in a sponge.
- a simple separation of gas and electrolyte fluid independent of the position is provided.
- the disposal of a cell containing the electrolyte liquid can be carried out by combustion.
- the magnesium perchlorate is readily soluble in the water so that the volume of electrolyte can be kept small. Even at temperatures of - 20 ° C, the liquid has sufficient conductivity.
- Perchloric acid is also a stable compound that behaves inertly under the given conditions.
- the formation of elemental nitrogen is carried out according to the following reaction equation: 2 Na N 3 + Mg (ClO 4 ) 2 + 2H 2 O ⁇ 3 N 2 + H 2 + Mg (OH) 2 + 2 Na ClO 4 .
- the solution is slightly alkaline, hygroscopic, odorless, non-aggressive and undecomposed. Depending on the experimental conditions, 1 ml of this solution can supply 75 to 100 ml of gas (N 2 and H 2 ).
- FIG. 3 illustrates the effect of adding nickel sulfate according to FIG Example b) on the total cell voltage as a function of the electrolysis current.
- graphite electrodes 10 ⁇ 10 mm were used. From the Fig. 3 it can be seen that by the addition of nickel sulfate, the hydrogen overvoltage the cathode forming electrode can be reduced and at the same cell current compared to the solution a) a corresponding lower cell voltage sets.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the course of the cell voltage as a function of the current at + 20 ° C and - 20 ° C. It can be seen that the lowering the temperature at the same cell current requires a higher cell voltage.
- the in Fig. 4 illustrated diagram has been for the electrolyte liquid according to the Example b) created, which even at -20 ° C still sufficiently large cell currents ensures that allow use of the cell according to the invention.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
zwei Elektroden zum Anschluss an einen eine Stromquelle enthaltenden Stromkreis und
einer zwischen den beiden Elektroden befindlichen, ein Azid der Formel XN3 enthaltenden, wässrigen Elektrolytflüssigkeit zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung eines Stickstoff (N2) enthaltenden Gases.
- Fig. 1
- die Gasentwicklung aus einer reinen Natriumazid-Lösung in Abhängigkeit vom Gehalt an freier Natronlauge,
- Fig. 2
- den Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Zelle zur Gaserzeugung,
- Fig. 3
- den Einfluss von Nickel auf die Zellspannung und
- Fig. 4
- die Zellspannung in Abhängigkeit vom Zellstrom bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen.
31,0 g Magnesiumperchlorat, Gehalt 83 Gew.-%, wasserhaltig 100 ml Wasser.
Claims (9)
- Zelle zur Gaserzeugung, insbesondere für den Betrieb eines Schmierstoffspenders, mit
zwei Elektroden (1,1') zum Anschluss an einen eine Stromquelle (2) enthaltenden Stromkreis (3) und
einer zwischen den beiden Elektroden (1, 1') befindlichen, ein Azid der Formel XN3 enthaltenden, wässrigen Elektrolytflüssigkeit (4) zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung eines Stickstoff (N2) enthaltenden Gases,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrolytflüssigkeit (4) ein Magnesiumsalz als Zusatz zur chemischen Bindung von bei der elektrochemischen Reaktion entstehenden Hydroxid-lonen enthält. - Zelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Azid aus Natriumazid besteht.
- Zelle nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Magnesiumsalz aus Magnesiumsulfat besteht.
- Zelle nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Magnesiumsalz aus Magnesiumperchlorat besteht.
- Zelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Magnesiumsalz im Verhältnis zur Azidmenge stöchiometrisch oder im Überschuss zugesetzt ist.
- Zelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektrolytflüssigkeit (4) ein Frostschutzmittel zugesetzt ist.
- Zelle nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Frostschutzmittel aus Ethylenglykol und/oder Dimethylsulfoxid besteht.
- Zelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrolytflüssigkeit (4) Nickelsulfat als Zusatz zur Vermeidung einer Wasserstoffüberspannung der die Kathode bildenden Elektrode (1') enthält.
- Zelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektroden (1, 1') aus Stahl, vorzugsweise Chrom-Nickel-Stahl, Graphit oder aus Kunststoff mit eingebettetem Graphitpulver bestehen.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004013593 | 2004-03-19 | ||
| DE102004013593 | 2004-03-19 | ||
| DE102004032260 | 2004-07-03 | ||
| DE102004032260A DE102004032260B4 (de) | 2004-03-19 | 2004-07-03 | Zelle zur Gaserzeugung |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1577423A2 true EP1577423A2 (de) | 2005-09-21 |
| EP1577423A3 EP1577423A3 (de) | 2008-02-13 |
| EP1577423B1 EP1577423B1 (de) | 2008-12-10 |
Family
ID=34839610
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05003729A Expired - Lifetime EP1577423B1 (de) | 2004-03-19 | 2005-02-22 | Elektrolytische Zelle zur Gaserzeugung |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20050205418A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1577423B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4210664B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20060043761A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE417143T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2005201076B2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004032260B4 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2318373T3 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011004799A1 (de) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-30 | Varta Microbattery Gmbh | Statusindikator für temperaturempfindliche Güter |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007010518B4 (de) * | 2007-03-05 | 2009-03-19 | Perma-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Abgabe von Schmiermitteln sowie Gaserzeugungselement zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| DE102007037422A1 (de) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-19 | Perma-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schmierstoffspender |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1558241A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1979-12-19 | Chloride Silent Power Ltd | Electrochemical cells employing an alkali metal and a solid electrolyte |
| US4250004A (en) * | 1980-02-25 | 1981-02-10 | Olin Corporation | Process for the preparation of low overvoltage electrodes |
| DE3423605A1 (de) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-09 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Verbundelektrode, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre anwendung |
| DE3532335A1 (de) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-03-12 | Winsel August | Galvanische zelle zur entwicklung von wasserstoff bzw. sauerstoff |
| CA2108683C (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 2004-01-27 | Colin Oloman | Gas generator |
| US5423454A (en) * | 1992-08-19 | 1995-06-13 | Lippman, Deceased; Lawrence G. | Method of propellant gas generation |
| US5427870A (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1995-06-27 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Gas releasing electrochemical cell for fluid dispensing applications |
| US6024860A (en) * | 1997-08-15 | 2000-02-15 | American Pacific Corporation | System for electrochemical decomposition of sodium azide |
| CA2243219A1 (en) * | 1998-07-14 | 2000-01-14 | A.T.S. Electro-Lube Holdings Ltd. | Electrolytic generation of nitrogen |
| US6296756B1 (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-10-02 | H20 Technologies, Ltd. | Hand portable water purification system |
| US6428608B1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-08-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling air quality |
| US6835298B2 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2004-12-28 | A.T.S. Electro-Lube Holdings, Ltd. | Electrolytic generation of nitrogen using azole derivatives |
| CA2476576A1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-09-04 | Aqua Innovations, Inc. | Microbubbles of oxygen |
-
2004
- 2004-07-03 DE DE102004032260A patent/DE102004032260B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-02-22 AT AT05003729T patent/ATE417143T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-22 ES ES05003729T patent/ES2318373T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-02-22 EP EP05003729A patent/EP1577423B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-03-09 US US11/076,530 patent/US20050205418A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-10 AU AU2005201076A patent/AU2005201076B2/en not_active Expired
- 2005-03-17 KR KR1020050022247A patent/KR20060043761A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-18 JP JP2005079783A patent/JP4210664B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2008
- 2008-03-06 US US12/074,842 patent/US7563355B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011004799A1 (de) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-30 | Varta Microbattery Gmbh | Statusindikator für temperaturempfindliche Güter |
| DE102011004799B4 (de) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-09-27 | Varta Microbattery Gmbh | Statusindikator für temperaturempfindliche Güter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7563355B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
| EP1577423A3 (de) | 2008-02-13 |
| JP2005264333A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
| DE102004032260B4 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
| US20080226953A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
| JP4210664B2 (ja) | 2009-01-21 |
| AU2005201076B2 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
| EP1577423B1 (de) | 2008-12-10 |
| ES2318373T3 (es) | 2009-05-01 |
| ATE417143T1 (de) | 2008-12-15 |
| DE102004032260A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 |
| US20050205418A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
| AU2005201076A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
| KR20060043761A (ko) | 2006-05-15 |
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