EP1512200A1 - Commutateur pour moteurs electriques - Google Patents

Commutateur pour moteurs electriques

Info

Publication number
EP1512200A1
EP1512200A1 EP03717114A EP03717114A EP1512200A1 EP 1512200 A1 EP1512200 A1 EP 1512200A1 EP 03717114 A EP03717114 A EP 03717114A EP 03717114 A EP03717114 A EP 03717114A EP 1512200 A1 EP1512200 A1 EP 1512200A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collector
cylinders
electrically conductive
rings
commutator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03717114A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Habele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1512200A1 publication Critical patent/EP1512200A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/64—Devices for uninterrupted current collection
    • H01R39/643—Devices for uninterrupted current collection through ball or roller bearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/28—Roller contacts; Ball contacts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49011—Commutator or slip ring assembly

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a commutator for electric motors, which has a cylindrical collector and contacting means which are arranged on a motor armature shaft and which, during rotation of the collector, touch at least two of a plurality of contact blades present on the collector and thus an electrical connection between the relevant contact blades and external ones Make power connections.
  • Such a commutator in which carbon brushes grind on the slats of the collector and thus transmit a direct current into the armature windings, is known, for example, from DE 197 52 626 AI.
  • Such commutators equipped with carbon brushes are usually used for DC motors or universal motors.
  • Such commutators have the disadvantage that they are very subject to wear, which considerably reduces the service life of an electric motor unless the carbon brushes are replaced.
  • the interchangeability of the carbon brushes requires a relatively high level of design effort.
  • As an alternative solution to such wear-prone mechanical commutators there are electrical machines that are commutated purely electrically. The electronic circuits required for electrical commutation are relatively complex and therefore expensive.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a commutator for electric motors of the type mentioned at the outset. works purely mechanically, but is still very low-wear.
  • the collector of the motor has contacting means which, during rotation of the collector, touch at least two of a plurality of contact lamellae present on the collector and thus establish an electrical connection between the relevant contact lamellae and external power connections.
  • the contacting means consist of at least two electrically conductive cylinders arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the collector, whose longitudinal axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the collector.
  • the at least two cylinders are positioned relative to the collector and have a diameter such that the collector rolls over the inner surfaces or the outer surfaces of the at least two cylinders as it rotates, and each of the existing cylinders is only touched by one lamella of the collector.
  • the parts belonging to the commutator are subject to extremely low wear.
  • no replacement of parts is required during its entire service life, as is the case with a commutator with carbon brushes.
  • the probability of failure in the mechanical commutator according to the invention is even lower than in the case of an electrically commutated motor, because electrical components of the commutation circuit are subject to a certain probability of failure.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the electrically conductive cylinders is that they are mounted eccentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the collector.
  • the electrically conductive cylinders are designed as roller bearings, each with an inner ring and an outer ring.
  • the roller bearings enclose the collector and the inner rings of the roller bearings over which the collector rolls are rotatably supported and the outer rings are fixed.
  • the electrically conductive cylinders are also designed as roller bearings, each with an inner ring and an outer ring.
  • the roller bearings are arranged inside the collector and the outer rings of the roller bearings, over which the collector rolls, are rotatably mounted and the inner rings are fixed.
  • Means which establish an electrical connection between the fixed inner rings or outer rings of the roller bearings and external power connections.
  • the means for the electrical connection between the fixed outer and inner rings of the rolling bearings and the external power connections preferably consist of pins that can be screwed from the outside through one or more receptacles that fix the outer or men rings so that the pin ends on the réelletial Butt inner rings. Because the electrically conductive cylinders are resiliently supported in the radial direction relative to their longitudinal axis, asymmetries can be compensated in a simple manner due to the manufacturing tolerances of the collector.
  • pins which make an electrical contact and which strike the outer and inner rings of the electrically conductive cylinders press the cylinders against the collector, whereby the pins simultaneously perform an electrical and a mechanical function.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a commutator with two cylinders surrounding the collector
  • Figure 2 is a front view
  • Figure 3 is a rear view of the commutator shown in Figure 1 and
  • Figure 4 is a front view of a commutator with two cylinders arranged within the collector.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a commutator of an electric motor, which is, for example, a direct current motor or a universal motor.
  • the commutator has a collector 1 which is mounted rotatably about a longitudinal axis 2, which longitudinal axis coincides with the axis of rotation of the rotor of the electric motor, which rotor, not shown in the drawing, accommodates a plurality of armature windings.
  • the collector 1 has in a known manner on its outer circumference a plurality of fins 3 which are electrically connected to the armature windings and via which a current is supplied to the armature windings.
  • the following description shows the means by which one or more slats 3 of the collector 1 are supplied with current and the current is derived again from one or more other slats 3 of the collector 1.
  • These current supply and discharge contact means can be seen in the cross section through the commutator shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the Contact means is also illustrated by the front view A shown in FIG. 2 and by the rear view B of the commutator shown in FIG. 3.
  • the contact means consist of two electrically conductive cylinders 4 and 5 arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the collector 1.
  • the electrically conductive cylinder 4 is rotatably mounted about a longitudinal axis 6 and the electrically conductive cylinder 5 is rotatable about a longitudinal axis 7, the two longitudinal axes 5 and 6 of the two cylinders 4 and 5 are eccentric with respect to the longitudinal axis 2 of the collector 1.
  • Both longitudinal axes 6 and 7 of the two electrically conductive cylinders 4 and 5 are offset from the longitudinal axis 2 of the collector 1 by the same distance.
  • the electrically conductive cylinder 4 is designed as a roller bearing, each with an inner ring 8 and an outer ring 9, and between the sleeve ring 8 and the outer ring 9 there are balls, rollers or needles 10 which prevent the inner ring 8 and the outer ring 9 from rotating relative to one another enable common longitudinal axis 6.
  • the electrically conductive cylinder 5 is constructed in the same way as the electrically conductive cylinder 4. It also consists of an inner ring 11, an outer ring 12 and between the two balls, rollers or needles 13.
  • the two cylinders 4 and 5 arranged one behind the other in the axial direction are held by a housing 14 concentrically surrounding the collector 1.
  • the housing 14 is preferably made of an electrically insulating material.
  • the outer rings 9 and 12 of the two electrically conductive cylinders 4 and 5 are fixed in the housing 14.
  • the two electrically conductive cylinders 4 and 5 are resiliently mounted in the housing 14 in the radial direction relative to their longitudinal axes 5 and 6.
  • the resilient mounting of the two cylinders 4 and 5 can take place, for example, by means of a rubber ring 15 or 16 inserted between the outer ring 9 or 12 of the cylinder 5 or 6 and the inner wall of the housing 14.
  • the resilient rings 15 and 16 can also consist of another elastic material instead of rubber.
  • a contact ring 17 and 18, which consists of an electrically conductive material, is preferably inserted between each outer ring 9 or 12 of the cylinder 4 or 5 and the rubber ring 15 or 16 surrounding it.
  • the contact rings 17 and 18 resting on the outer rings 9 and 12 of the two cylinders 4 and 5 serve to electrically connect current-carrying or discharging contact pins 19 and 20 to the cylinders 4 and 5.
  • the Contact pin 19 is screwed into the housing 4 from the outside perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 6 of the electrically conductive cylinder 4. Its end protruding from the housing 14 is designed as a contact tab 21, so that the line of a power source can be connected to it.
  • the end of the contact pin 19 pointing into the interior of the housing 14 has a tapered shoulder 23 which is guided through the contact ring 17 and abuts the outer ring 9 of the cylinder 4. Thus there is a current flow via the contact pin 19, the outer ring 9, the balls, rollers or needles
  • the other contact pin 20 is constructed in the same way as the previously described contact pin 19.
  • the contact pin 20 has a contact tab 22 at its end protruding from the housing 14 and is provided with a tapered shoulder 24 with its end protruding into the housing is passed through the contact ring 18 and strikes the outer ring 12 of the cylinder 5.
  • the diameter of the inner rings 8 and 11 of the two cylinders 4 and 5 in relation to the diameter of the collector 1 should be selected such that the inner ring 8 or 11 of the cylinder 4 or 5 only touches one lamella of the collector 1.
  • the inner rings 8 and 11 of the two cylinders 4 and 5 each touch diametrically opposite lamellae of the collector 1.
  • a current is supplied to one lamella 3 of the collector 1 via one of the two cylinders 4 and 5 and is supplied via the other of the two cylinders 4 and 5 respectively 5 a current is derived from another lamella of the collector 1.
  • the electrically conductive cylinders 4 and 5 can be pressed against the spring forces generated by the rubber rings 15 and 16 on the fins 3 of the collector 1 by screwing them more or less deeply into the housing 14.
  • the collector connected to the rotor of the motor rotates about its longitudinal axis 2, the fins 3 roll over the current-carrying inner rings 8 and 11 of the two eccentrically arranged cylinders 4 and 5.
  • the collector 1 rolls on the inner rings 8 and 11 of the two cylinders 4 and 5, ie the two cylinders " 4 and 5 have a larger diameter than the collector 1, so that the two cylinders 4 and 5 surround the collector 1.
  • the collector 25 can enclose the electrically conductive cylinders 26 and 27.
  • FIG 4 is a front view of a collector 25 is shown with two electrically conductive cylinders 26 and 27 arranged in its interior, the longitudinal axes 28 and 29 of which run parallel to the longitudinal axis 30 of the collector 25 and are offset eccentrically with respect to this, for the sake of clarity, FIG Bearing and contacting means for the two electrically conductive cylinders 26 and 27.
  • the electrically conductive cylinder 26 consists of a sleeve ring 31, an outer ring 32 and balls, rollers or needles 33 mounted therebetween, and the electrically conductive cylinder 27 consists of an inner ring 34, an outer ring 35 and balls, rollers or needles 36 mounted therebetween
  • the respective sleeve rings 31 and 34 of the two electrically conductive cylinders 26 and 27 are fixed, and the outer rings 32 and 35 are rotatable relative to the inner rings 31 and 34 about the axes 28 and 29 of the electrically conductive cylinders 26 and 27.
  • the lamellae 37 of the collector 25 roll over the outer rings 32 and 35 of the two electrically conductive cylinders 26 and 27.
  • the supply and extraction of current into and out of the two electrically conductive cylinders 26 and 27 is again carried out, which is not shown in FIG. 4, by means of contact pins which are connected to the fixed inner rings 31 and 34 of the electrically conductive cylinders 26 and 27 become.
  • the motor can be operated with the electrically conductive cylinders 4, 5 or 26, 27 brake in a very simple manner, namely by braking the outer rings 9, 12 or inner rings 31, 34 running over the fins 3 or 37 of the collector 1 or 25 or rotating them in different directions.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un commutateur présentant un collecteur cylindrique (1), placé sur un arbre d'induit de moteur, et des moyens de contact (4, 5). Pendant une rotation dudit collecteur (1), ces moyens entrent en contact avec au moins deux lames de contact (3), situées sur le collecteur (1), et établissent ainsi une connexion électrique entre les lames de contact concernées (3) et des connexions électriques extérieures (21, 22). Lesdits moyens de contact sont constitués d'au moins deux cylindres électroconducteurs (4, 5) installés en long dans le sens de l'axe du collecteur (1), cylindres dont les axes longitudinaux (6, 7) sont parallèles à l'axe longitudinal (2) du collecteur (1). De plus, ces deux cylindres (4, 5) sont placés dans une certaine position par rapport au collecteur (1) et présentent un certain diamètre, de sorte que ce collecteur (1) roule, lors de sa rotation, sur les faces intérieures (8) ou extérieures des deux cylindres (4, 5) et chacun des cylindres (4, 5) est toujours en contact avec une seule lame (3) du collecteur (1). Ledit commutateur présente ainsi une usure particulièrement faible.
EP03717114A 2002-05-25 2003-02-27 Commutateur pour moteurs electriques Withdrawn EP1512200A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10223361A DE10223361C1 (de) 2002-05-25 2002-05-25 Kommutator für Elektromotoren
DE10223361 2002-05-25
PCT/DE2003/000625 WO2003100919A1 (fr) 2002-05-25 2003-02-27 Commutateur pour moteurs electriques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1512200A1 true EP1512200A1 (fr) 2005-03-09

Family

ID=29557306

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03717114A Withdrawn EP1512200A1 (fr) 2002-05-25 2003-02-27 Commutateur pour moteurs electriques

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6903481B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1512200A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005528072A (fr)
CN (1) CN100342598C (fr)
DE (1) DE10223361C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003100919A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011073120A1 (fr) 2009-12-17 2011-06-23 Basf Se Matériau de support d'oxyde de métal contenant des particules métalliques du groupe fer-platine à l'échelle nanométrique

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10223361C1 (de) * 2002-05-25 2003-12-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kommutator für Elektromotoren
AT502570B1 (de) * 2005-05-30 2008-05-15 Karl Ronald Schoeller Gleitreibungsfreier, mechanischer multiplex- umschalter (kommutator) für elektrische maschinen
EP1708317A3 (fr) 2005-03-29 2007-11-14 Karl Ronald Schoeller Unité de contact à bande roulante pour connexion intermittente électrolytique permanente ou en fonction du mouvement de deux systèmes
AT502814B1 (de) * 2005-11-14 2007-06-15 Karl Ronald Schoeller Gleitreibungsfreier, elektromechanisch- galvanischer strom- und spannungsübertrager
AT501305B8 (de) * 2005-03-29 2007-02-15 Karl Ronald Schoeller Gleitreibungsfreier, mechanischer multiplex-umschalter (kommutator) für elektrische maschinen
US7629225B2 (en) * 2005-06-13 2009-12-08 Infineon Technologies Ag Methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices and structures thereof
DE102010009114A1 (de) * 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 Kau, Katrin, 26427 Vorrichtung zum Übertragen von Strom, Daten oder Signalen von einem feststehenden Gegenstand auf einen drehenden Gegenstand oder umgekehrt
CN104684301B (zh) * 2013-11-30 2017-09-29 鸿富锦精密电子（成都）有限公司 电子装置及其采用的电缆连接机构
NL2013382B1 (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-09-26 Rotelcon B V Rotary electrical conductor.
JP5845505B1 (ja) * 2015-06-15 2016-01-20 有限会社石井プラスチック モータおよび電力伝達機構
CN105140753A (zh) * 2015-06-28 2015-12-09 中航光电科技股份有限公司 一种旋转导电结构

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US3452227A (en) * 1966-10-21 1969-06-24 Elvin C Welch Motor with gyrating rotor
GB1169984A (en) 1967-01-25 1969-11-12 Nat Res Dev Improvements relating to Dynamo Electric Machines
US3532913A (en) * 1967-11-20 1970-10-06 Eletrogeraete Vvb Contacts between commutator lamellae and armature winding ends of electric motors
US3558944A (en) 1969-02-03 1971-01-26 Bendix Corp Self-commutated actuator
DE2327793A1 (de) * 1973-05-11 1974-12-05 Gerhard Wirmsberger Stromabnehmer
US3819964A (en) * 1973-07-30 1974-06-25 Kollmorgen Corp Commutating structure for d.c.permanent magnet machines
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Title
See references of WO03100919A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011073120A1 (fr) 2009-12-17 2011-06-23 Basf Se Matériau de support d'oxyde de métal contenant des particules métalliques du groupe fer-platine à l'échelle nanométrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100342598C (zh) 2007-10-10
JP2005528072A (ja) 2005-09-15
US6903481B2 (en) 2005-06-07
CN1537348A (zh) 2004-10-13
WO2003100919A1 (fr) 2003-12-04
US20040239205A1 (en) 2004-12-02
DE10223361C1 (de) 2003-12-24

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