Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
  • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
  • A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a micronized pharmaceutical or nutraceutical powder with immediate release, for mucosal application, in particular buccal.
• micronized powder according to the invention for preparing a pharmaceutical or nutraceutical composition, allows rapid release (or “flash") of the active substance when the composition comprising it is administered by mucosal route, in particular buccal.
• Dosage forms allowing rapid release of an active substance are already known. These are “lyoc” or quick-disintegrating tablets in the mouth, such as Zydis® (Scherer) ® technology), or film-type systems presented in the form of a “wafer”. that is to say films for oral application allowing more or less rapid dissolution of the active substances.
• the term "rapid and immediate release” means release of all of the active substance (s) in less than 30 seconds, preferably less than 15, and more preferably still in less than 10 seconds.
• the powder according to the invention unlike the tablets and films of the prior art, is delicate neither in its handling nor in its application. It also allows a significant load of active substance. Indeed, the load of active substances per unit taken can be much greater than the 20 mg imposed in particular by the technology of films of the "WAFER" type or equivalent.
• the powder according to the present invention therefore has many advantages over the dosage forms known in the prior art.
• the present invention relates to a micronized pharmaceutical or nutraceutical powder for immediate release having a particle size of at most 100 ⁇ m, and comprising the combination of at least one active substance, at least one wetting agent and at least one diluting agent.
• the immediate-release micronized powder of the invention comprises, relative to the total weight of the composition, from 0.001% to 99% by weight of active substance (s), from 1% to 60% by weight of wetting agent (s) and from 0.1% to 99% of diluting agent (s).
• a person skilled in the art adapts the proportions of the various constituents of the micronized powder for immediate release, according to conventional techniques for the preparation of galenical formulations such as, for example, those described in (i) J. Control Release, 1999, Vol. 61: 175-183, (ii) J. Pharm., 2000, 171-277, (iii) J. Control Release, 2001, Vol. 77: 1-6 or (iv) J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 1996, Vol. 48: 255, so that the powder has the physical, mechanical and chemical characteristics defined in the present description, in particular the characteristics of granulometry, kinetics of release of the active substance (s) or also of residual humidity.
• active substance is meant according to the invention any substance having a measurable activity of a therapeutic or nutraceutical nature towards the organism, man or animal, to which this active substance is applied or administered.
• wetting agent is understood to mean, according to the invention, an agent accelerating the solubilization and / or the dissolution of the active substance (s) and of the other excipients contained in the micronized powder.
• a wetting agent according to the invention is characterized in that it allows a high wettability index of said micronized powder, as can be visualized by measuring the contact angle ( ⁇ ) using a goniometer, which is weak and preferably between 0 and 90 °, preferably between 0 and 60 ° and more preferably between 0 and 45 °
• the term “diluting agent” is understood to mean, according to the invention, an agent used to supplement the composition of the micronized powder containing the active substance (s), until a predetermined total volume containing a selected quantity of the substance (s) is obtained.
• a micronized powder having the combination of the above characteristics and having a particle size of at most 100 ⁇ m, due to a large active surface, allows excellent bioavailability of the substance or substances active ingredients it contains, for target cellular receptors or sites targeted on the mucosa.
• particle size of a micronized powder for immediate release is meant the average size of the grains which constitute it.
• the average grain size can be measured by any conventional technique known per se.
• a person skilled in the art can have recourse to a measurement of the laser particle size of the Beckman Coulter® or Malvern® type, as described in the examples.
• the Applicant has observed that the grain size distribution of the immediate release micronized powder of the invention follows a narrow Gauss curve, the particle size value corresponding consequently to the actual size of the majority of the grains contained in said powder.
• the immediate-release micronized powder according to the invention advantageously has a residual humidity of between 0.01% and 15%, and preferably between 0.1% and 5%, as measured with a humidity analyzer of the Sartorius® MA type. 30 sold by the company Sartorius and used according to the manufacturer's recommendations, as illustrated in the examples.
• the low residual humidity of the immediate-release micronized powder according to the invention makes it possible to avoid, or at the very least to greatly reduce, the formation of aggregates between the grains contained in said powder. Indeed, the formation of aggregates is likely to affect the value of the active surface of the powder in contact with the mucous membranes, during its application, and in Consequently, the bioavailability value of the active substance (s) for target sites or receptors in the mucous membranes.
• the smaller the particle size of the micronized powder the more the bioavailability of the active substance or substances is increased vis-à-vis the target sites targeted and the more the duration is reduced necessary for the complete release of the active substance (s) to target sites or receptors on the mucosa.
• the micronized powder according to the invention has a particle size of at most 50 ⁇ m, and quite preferably at most 10 ⁇ m.
• Example 1 an immediate-release micronized powder according to the invention is illustrated, having a particle size of less than 3 ⁇ m.
• said powder has a particle size between 0.01 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m, advantageously between 0.1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m, preferably still between 1 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m and very preferably between 1 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m.
• the immediate-release micronized powder of the invention has kinetics of dissolution in an aqueous medium of less than thirty seconds, and more often less than ten seconds, whether in buffers having a pH ranging from 5 to 9, or whether it is in an aqueous solution of artificial saliva.
• said powder allows the release of all of the active substance (s) in less than 30 seconds, advantageously in less than 15 seconds, and in such a way as to favorite fact in less than 10 seconds.
• the immediate-release micronized powder of the invention is specifically adapted to the rapid release of an active substance, or of a combination of active substances, in situ, at the level of the mucous membranes, in particular of the oral mucous membranes.
• the active substance (s) itself (s) is (are) in micronized form.
• the active substances are micronized with the other ingredients. This further increases the capacity of the powder to rapidly and homogeneously release the active substance (s), due to an increase in the contact surface of these with the mucous membrane.
• powder packaging systems are particularly well suited such as the spraying of micronized products or the use of dose sachets or thermoformed capsules provided with a peelable cover.
• the active substances of the powder used according to the invention can be selected from those conventionally used in the following pharmacotherapeutic families: allergology, anesthesia / resuscitation, oncology and hematology, cardiology and angiology, contraception and termination of pregnancy, dermatology, endocrinology, gastroenterohepatology, gynecology and obstetrics, immunology and transplant medication, infectiology and parasitology, metabolism diabetes and nutrition, neurology / psychiatry, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, pneumology, rheumatology, stomatology, toxicology, urology / nephrology, as well as among analgesics / antipyretics and antispasmodics, anti-inflammatories, contrast agents used in radiology, hemostats, and blood treatment products and derivatives.
• the active substances can be selected from the group consisting of active substances passing through the mucosal barrier and reaching the systemic circulation, such as the examples not limits cited below: cyproterone acetate, norethisterone acetate, progesterone, 3-keto-desogestrel, norgestimate, levonorgestrel, desogestrel, gestodene, natural estrogens such as estradiol or its derivatives, synthetic estrogens such as ethinylestradiol, ⁇ -4- androstenedione, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone or androstanolone, DHEA, trinitrine, fentanyl, nitroglycerin, nicotine (nicotine S (-)), scopolamine , clonidine, isosorbide dinitrate, alclometasone dipropionate, phloroglucinol, molsidomine, and their combinations.
• ⁇ -3 adrenergic agonist the ⁇ -3 adrenergic agonist, growth hormone, oxybutinin, buprenorphine, pergolide, nestorone, 7 ⁇ -methyl-19-nortesterone, mecamylamine, salbutamol, clenbuterol, selegiline, buspirone, ketotifen, lidocaine, ketorolac, eptazocin, insulin, interferon ⁇ , prostaglandins, 5 aminolevulinic acid, benzodiazepine alprozolam, diclofenac, fenoprofen, flubiprofen, ketoprofen, methylphenidate, miconazole, piroxicam, bruprenorphine, alprozolam, dexmedetomidine, prazosin (adrenergic antagonist), alprostadil, tulobuterol adrenophenol + agonist) norelgestromi, ketorolac, physos
• Esomeprazole Esomeprazole
• Melagatran in case of thrombosis
• Rosuvastatin Ezetimide
• Pitavastatin Hyperlipidemia
• Mitiglinide Type II diabetes
• Cilomilast Cilomilast
• Viozan Asthma
• Aripipazole psychiatry
• Omapatrilat hypertensive
• Orzel Cancerology
• Caspofongin acetate Voriconazole (infections)
• new COX Inhibitors such as Etoricoxib (inflammation), Valdecoxib (Arthritis) and Parecoxib
• Substance P antagonist Depression
• Darifenacine urology
• Eletriptan Migraine
• Alosetron Tegaserod
• Capravirine HAV
• Finasteride 5-alpha reductase inhibitor
• the powder used according to the invention may contain one or more active substances, in combination with one another.
• the active substance can be chosen from the list of raw materials authorized as food supplements, for example from the group consisting of vitamins, mineral salts, brewer's yeast, etc.
• the wetting agent can be a wetting agent conventionally designated as such, for example in the European Pharmacopoeia or in the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) in force or any other wetting agents of pharmaceutical or nutraceutical quality.
• a wetting agent contained in a micronized powder of the invention also includes agents classified in the European Pharmacopoeia or in the Pharmacopoeia of the United States of America (USP) as surfactants. Indeed, according to a particular aspect of the micronized powder for immediate release of the invention, surfactants are also used as wetting agents.
• a wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of polyols such as sorbitol, or alternatively glycerin, PEG, hexylene glycol, triacetin, hydrogenated vegetable oils such as hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxy (ethylene) polyoxy (propylene) copolymers such as Lutrol® F68, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as Cremophor®, as well as their mixtures (non-limiting list).
• polyols such as sorbitol, or alternatively glycerin, PEG, hexylene glycol, triacetin
• hydrogenated vegetable oils such as hydrogenated castor oil
• polyoxy (ethylene) polyoxy (propylene) copolymers such as Lutrol® F68
• polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as Cremophor®
• the diluting agent is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate or bicarbonate, sodium, sucrose, mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol, lactose, maltotol, glucose, cellulose powder or microcrystalline cellulose, starch and its derivatives, dibasic calcium phosphate, tribasic calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, dextrates, dextrins, dextrose excipients, fructose, kaolin, lactitol, as well as their mixtures (non-exhaustive list).
• the micronized powder according to the invention also comprises at least one anti-static agent.
• the addition of at least one anti-static agent makes it possible to significantly increase the capacity of the micronized powder according to the invention to rapidly release all of the active substance or substances that said powder contains.
• the addition of at least one antistatic agent makes it possible to avoid, or at least to greatly reduce, the formation of powder aggregates which are due to the small particle size of the latter.
• the addition of at least one anti-static agent makes it possible to obtain a micronized powder of small particle size not comprising aggregates between the grains, and whose grains, well separated from each other, allow the 'obtaining a maximum contact surface of the powder with the mucous membranes, when it is applied to the latter, and consequently maximum accessibility or bioavailability of the active substance or substances for the corresponding target sites or receptors on the mucous membranes.
• the immediate release micronized powder of the invention comprises, relative to the total weight of the composition, from 0.01% to 10% of one or more anti-static agent (s).
• an anti-static agent is selected from the group consisting of colloidal silica, magnesium silicate, talc, calcium silicate and tribasic calcium phosphate (non-limiting list).
• the powder used according to the invention can also comprise a binder selected from the group consisting of acacia, alginic acid, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, dextrins, ethylcellulose, gelatin, glucose, gum guar, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose, polyethylene oxide, povidone, pregelatinized starch, as well as their mixtures (non-exhaustive list).
• a binder selected from the group consisting of acacia, alginic acid, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, dextrins, ethylcellulose, gelatin, glucose, gum guar, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose, polyethylene oxide, povidone, pregelatinized starch, as well as their mixtures (non-exhaustive list).
• the powder used according to the invention can also comprise, if necessary, a penetration promoter, preferably designated in the present description "absorption promoter".
• a penetration promoter preferably designated in the present description "absorption promoter”.
• Absorption promoter is understood to mean any molecule which reversibly diffuses an active substance through the skin or the mucosa, and any solubilization or wetting agent promoting the sharing of the active substance between the vehicle and the stratum corneum of the epidermis or the mucosa.
• absorption promoter is also a wetting agent as defined above
• said absorption promoter is added to the composition of the micronized powder which already comprises a wetting agent.
• the absorption promoter can be selected from the group consisting of esters of aliphatic fatty acids such as isopropyl myristate, fatty acids such as oleic acid; alcohols or polyols such as ethanol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol; the components of essential oils and terpenic derivatives (such as eugenol, geraniol, nerol, eucalyptol, menthol); surfactants, preferably nonionic, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan (fatty acid ester), polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene derived from castor oil; moisturizers such as glycerin, urea; keratolytics such as alpha-hydroxy acids (lactic acid, citric acid, etc.), 23-lauryl ether, aprotinin, azone, benzalkonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cyclodextrin
• the sweetening agent can be selected from the group consisting of Paspartame, dextrates, dextrose, fructose, mannitol, sodium or calcium saccharinate, sorbitol, sucralose, sucrose, as well as their mixtures (list not limiting).
• the flavoring agent can be selected from the group consisting of aromas of synthetic, semi-synthetic or natural origin. We can cite for example mint, peppermint, lemon, banana, strawberry, raspberry, tangerine, orange, vanilla, passion fruit, caramel, as well as their mixtures.
• the composition containing the powder used according to the invention is administered by mucosal route. It can be applied, for example, on the buccal mucosa, the nasal mucosa or the vaginal mucosa, and also in sublingual application.
• the immediate-release micronized powder of the invention can be used with or in any device allowing its application to the surface of a mucosa.
• the composition comprising the powder used according to the invention is in a dry form packaged in a sprayer or in a dose sachet with 4 welds or in a dose sachet with 3 welds such as the "stick pack which is a tubular bag with a longitudinal seal and a seal at each end of the tube, or in a thermoformed capsule provided with a peelable seal or in any other packaging suitable for the administration of powder known to those skilled in the art.
• These packages allow easy delivery of a precise dose of active ingredient. All the methods known to those skilled in the art can be used in the context of the production of the powder used according to the invention.
• the active substance is micronized and then mixed with the excipients in powder form, and the mixture thus obtained is granulated, by wet granulation or by dry method, then micronized.
• a micronized powder for immediate release one mixes (i) the active substance (s), (ii) the wetting agent (s), (iii) the agent (s) ) diluent (s), preferably (iv) the anti-static agent (s) and optionally also (v) the other excipients, such as the binding agent (s) and / or the or the absorption promoter (s) in a device of the mixer-granulator-dryer type, until the mixture is homogenized. Then, a wetting solution or suspension is incorporated with stirring in order to obtain a wet granule, which is then dried in order to evaporate the granulation solvent.
• the powder is then micronized, after calibration.
• the conventional air jet method is preferably used, for example using an air jet micronization device of the ALPINE or JET MILL type, according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
• the preferred parameters for micronization on a GALETTE Alpine 200AS micronizing device are as follows:
• the powder before micronization had an average grain size (particle size) of approximately 160 ⁇ m.
• the immediate release micronized powder obtained had a particle size of 2.3 ⁇ m.
• the active substance alone or the final mixture of ingredients can be micronized.
• Figure 1 illustrates the grain size distribution profile of the immediate-release micronized powder of the invention prepared in Example 2, before and after micronization.
• Figure 2 illustrates the grain size distribution profile of the immediate release micronized powder of the invention prepared in Example 3, before and after micronization.
• the different powder components with the exception of the anti-static agent are mixed in a mixer-granulator of the ROTOLAB ZANCHETTA® mixer-granulator-vacuum type or equivalent until the mixture is homogenized. Then, a wetting solution or suspension comprising the liquid component (s) is incorporated with stirring in order to obtain a wet granule. This granule is then dried under suitable conditions in order to evaporate the granulation solvent. This granule is then dried and graded then micronized using an air jet micronization device of the ALPINE or JETMIL type (or equivalent).
• a powder is prepared having the following composition by weight:
• the various powdery components with the exception of the anti-static agent are mixed in a mixer-granulator of the mixer-granulator-vacuum dryer type ROTOLAB ZANCHETTA or equivalent until the mixture is homogenized. Then, a wetting solution or suspension comprising the liquid component (s) is incorporated with stirring in order to obtain a wet granule. This granule is then dried under suitable conditions in order to evaporate the granulation solvent, calibrated, then micronized using an air jet micronization device of the GALETTE ALPINE 200AS or JETMIL type (or equivalent) Parameter of micronization: Injector: 8Bars, Crown: 6Bars, Speed: 25Kg / h.
• an anti-static agent (colloidal silica) previously screened is added by progressive mixing in a Turbula mixer.
• V10-V500 8 mL -Measuring the relative humidity: using a MA 30 Sartorius humidity analyzer
• a powder is prepared having the following composition by weight:
• the various spraying components with the exception of the anti-static agent are mixed in a mixer-granulator of the mixer-granulator-dryer type Fluidized air bed equipped with a top spray nozzle or equivalent until the mixture is homogenized. Then, a wetting solution or suspension comprising the liquid component (s) is sprayed using a spray nozzle, onto the moving product in order to simultaneously distribute the solution evenly and dry to evaporate the granulation solvent.
• This granule is calibrated and then micronized using an air jet micronization device of the GALETTE ALPINE 200AS or JETMIL type (or equivalent).
• the adjustment parameters are identical to those described in Example I.
• an anti-static agent (colloidal silica) previously screened is added by progressive mixing in a Turbula mixer.
• a powder is prepared having the following composition by weight:

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