EP1424163A1 - Outil rotatif pour le façonnage d'une forme dans un matériau minéral, tel le saphir, notamment pour le façonnage d'une surface optique dans une glace de montre - Google Patents

Outil rotatif pour le façonnage d'une forme dans un matériau minéral, tel le saphir, notamment pour le façonnage d'une surface optique dans une glace de montre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1424163A1
EP1424163A1 EP02079950A EP02079950A EP1424163A1 EP 1424163 A1 EP1424163 A1 EP 1424163A1 EP 02079950 A EP02079950 A EP 02079950A EP 02079950 A EP02079950 A EP 02079950A EP 1424163 A1 EP1424163 A1 EP 1424163A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
shape
mineral material
active surface
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02079950A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ménart Ruy Blas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comadur SA
Original Assignee
Comadur SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comadur SA filed Critical Comadur SA
Priority to EP02079950A priority Critical patent/EP1424163A1/fr
Priority to JP2004554371A priority patent/JP4851713B2/ja
Priority to EP03779955.8A priority patent/EP1567305B1/fr
Priority to CN 200380107467 priority patent/CN1732067A/zh
Priority to AU2003288087A priority patent/AU2003288087A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2003/012837 priority patent/WO2004048034A1/fr
Publication of EP1424163A1 publication Critical patent/EP1424163A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor by means of tools with abrading surfaces corresponding in shape with the lenses to be made
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/01—Specific tools, e.g. bowl-like; Production, dressing or fastening of these tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D7/02—Wheels in one piece

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the machining of shapes in mineral materials, in particular hard materials such as sapphire, corundum or spinel. More particularly, the present invention relates to a rotary tool for the machining of such mineral materials especially suitable for the shaping of a optical surface in a watch glass.
  • a method for forming an optical surface in the form of a converging lens included in the thickness of a plate of a material transparent mineral is known from document EP 0 123 891, in the name of this Applicant and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • This process consists essentially to rotate the plate around a first perpendicular axis to the area where the lens is to be formed and to machine the desired area using a abrasive wheel driven in rotation about a second axis distinct from the first axis and cutting this first axis at the center of curvature of the desired lens.
  • a movement oscillating of the tool or plate around a third axis perpendicular to the plane containing the first and second axes of rotation and distant from the area of a value equal to the desired radius of curvature of the lens is preferably implemented, this oscillating movement ensuring self-sharpening of the grinding wheel.
  • the rotary tool used for the lens shaping is an essentially cylindrical (even frustoconical) grinding wheel bearing, at its active end, abrasive material preferably consisting of diamond powder.
  • abrasive material preferably consisting of diamond powder.
  • the cost of this tool is relatively high given the material to be machined (especially in the case of a hard mineral material such as sapphire), corresponding abrasive material in front necessarily be incorporated on the head of the tool (typically a powder of diamond or a carbide-based compound for machining sapphire), and complexity of manufacturing this tool.
  • the lifespan of such a tool is relatively short and should be replaced periodically. The aforementioned points therefore weigh sensitive to the manufacturing costs of the shaped object.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose such a solution, namely a rotary tool for machining hard materials, in particular suitable for shaping a lens, or other optical surface, in a watch glass of mineral material hard (sapphire, corundum, spinel or the like).
  • the present invention also has for aim of proposing a solution presenting both a low cost price and a great simplicity of implementation.
  • the present invention thus relates to a rotary tool for shaping a form in a mineral material, in particular a hard mineral material, the Features are set out in claim 1.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for shaping a deforming optical surface in a transparent mineral material, in particular sapphire, corundum or spinel, using a rotary tool of the aforementioned type and the characteristics of which are set out in claim 9.
  • Another object of the present invention is an installation for machining a mineral material, in particular a hard mineral material, comprising in particular such tool and the characteristics of which are set out in claim 13.
  • the tool comprises a body terminated by a head comprising an active surface intended to come into contact with an area of the mineral material where we want to shape the desired shape, the tool head having at least one first slot, preferably several, leading to the active surface to there form an opening allowing abrasive particles to pass over the area where the desired shape must be shaped to lodge on the active surface and form, throughout the opening (s) formed on this active surface, one or more several cutting edges contributing to the shaping of the desired shape.
  • the rotary tool does not strictly speaking constitute a abrasive tool for the mineral material considered.
  • the abrasive power of the tool is created jointly by the tool (in particular by the slot (s) provided on the tool head and the corresponding openings on the active surface of the head) and the abrasive particles conveyed on the machining area.
  • Each opening on the active surface formed by the corresponding slot allows the abrasive particles to lodge there and accumulate to form, on the active surface of the tool head, a outgrowth with high abrasive power having the function of a cutting edge.
  • the tool rotary itself thus constitutes a matrix making it possible to fix or freeze the particles abrasive in a suitable configuration allowing abrasion of the mineral material to shape.
  • the head of the tool can thus be formed from a non-abrasive material for the mineral material considered and presenting a compromise between hardness and softness so maintain and guarantee the shape of the head and, respectively, allow abrasive particles to settle there.
  • This material can for example be a metal selected from the group comprising copper Cu, zinc Zn, tin Sn and iron Fe (or an alloy of metals comprising at least one of these metals).
  • the arrangement of the slot openings on the active surface of the head the tool can follow any suitable geometric arrangement, the simplest being a arrangement of one or more slots of essentially rectilinear geometry. of the slots forming diametrical or parallel openings on the active surface of the tool head can be provided in adequate number on the tool head.
  • each slot it is better to arrange each slot so that, during a rotation of the tool, the edge of cutting thus formed covers a surface of revolution delimited only by a external contour, i.e. a solid surface with no recess central.
  • a considerable advantage of the present invention is that the rotary tool is very simple and very inexpensive to manufacture, particularly in because of the type of material that can be used to make the tool and because the absence of any abrasive incorporated on the head of the tool, this abrasive being conveyed directly to the machining area in the form of abrasive particles conveyed by a fluid or a liquid.
  • an advantageous variant consists of make at least one slot so that it also acts as a channel of abrasive particles.
  • the costs associated with shaping the desired shape in the mineral material considered can thus be reduced very substantially.
  • This advantage is particularly decisive in the context of the shaping of hard mineral materials, such as sapphire, corundum or spinel, used in particular in the watch industry for the production of watch glass.
  • the current invention is therefore particularly suitable for shaping optical surfaces, or dioptres, (in particular deforming optical surfaces such as lenses magnifying) in transparent mineral materials with high hardness, including sapphire.
  • the machining installation illustrated in Figure 1 is essentially similar to the installation presented in document EP 0 123 891 mentioned above.
  • She includes a support frame 10 on which are mounted a bracket 12 and a doll 14.
  • the bracket 12 carries a spindle 16 at the end of which is a tool rotary 20, of the same axis, designated 42, as the spindle, comprising a body essentially cylindrical terminated by a head 20a intended to come into contact with an area of the mineral material to be machined.
  • a pulley 18, mounted on spindle 16 allows it to rotate around the axis 42 by means of a non-motor represented.
  • the bracket 12 further comprises slides 22, 24 and 26 allowing, in a completely conventional manner, the displacement of the tool 20 along three axes orthogonal.
  • the slide 22 allows, using a screw micrometric 23, to move the tool vertically along its axis of rotation, while that the slides 24 and 26 allow, using micrometric screws 25 and 27, respectively, to move the tool 20 in a horizontal plane in two directions perpendicular.
  • the doll 14 carries a spindle 28 whose end 28a is close to the gallows 12 is, thanks to an elbow 28b, offset downward relative to the axis of rotation, designated 44, of spindle 28.
  • a table 30 is mounted on a shaft 32 which is perpendicular to the axis 44 of the spindle 28 and which pivots in the end 28a.
  • This tree carries a pulley 34 which allows it to rotate in rotation about an axis of rotation, designated 40, thanks to a motor not shown in the figure.
  • a solid fitting 36 of the table 30, allows to fix a plate 38 of mineral material.
  • This plate 38 may for example be made of a hard and transparent mineral material of the type sapphire, corundum or spinel, like a plate forming a watch crystal that you want have a lens or other distorting optical surface.
  • the tool 20 and the setting 36 are both driven in rotation in opposite directions of rotation.
  • the laying 36 here has a thickness such as the distance between the axis of spindle 28 and the end point of the surface spherical that one wishes to shape (located on the axis of rotation 40 of the shaft 32) or equal to the radius of curvature, designated R, which this spherical surface must have.
  • the pin 28 can be associated with drive means not shown allowing it to print an oscillating movement of low amplitude or all less adjust its inclination from the horizontal plane.
  • the installation has several possibilities for driving and positioning the tool 20 and the plate 38.
  • various operating modes of the installation can be envisaged, these various operating modes all having in common at least the rotation of the tool 20 about its axis of rotation 42.
  • This rotation can, the if necessary, be accompanied by a rotation or an oscillating movement of the plate 38 around its axis of rotation 40 and / or an oscillating movement of the plate 38 around the axis of spindle 28 (this oscillating movement can alternatively be printed with the tool 20 if the gallows 12 were equipped with adequate means).
  • the machining installation includes means for conveying abrasive particles on the area of the mineral material where the shape is to be shaped desired.
  • These routing means are illustrated schematically in Figure 1 and essentially comprise a reservoir 50 containing a fluid carrying abrasive particles (e.g. diamond powder suspended in a oil) and a supply pipe 52 for conveying this fluid to the machining area.
  • a fluid carrying abrasive particles e.g. diamond powder suspended in a oil
  • a supply pipe 52 for conveying this fluid to the machining area.
  • Figures 2 to 4 respectively show a perspective view, a view of front and a sectional view of the end part of a rotary tool 20 constituting a particular embodiment of the present invention.
  • the body of the rotary tool 20 is terminated by a head 20a comprising an active surface 200 intended to come into contact with the area of the mineral material where one wishes to shape the desired shape.
  • the active surface 200 of the tool has the shape of a spherical cap concave whose radius of curvature corresponds to the radius of curvature R of the shape to shape, in this example a convex spherical optical surface.
  • implementation of the tool in the installation illustrated in Figure 1 implies that the axis 40 of the shaft 32, the axis 42 of the spindle 16 and the axis 44 of the spindle 28 intersect in one point C corresponding to the center of curvature of the convex spherical surface at shape in the plate 38 of mineral material (as illustrated in more detail in the figure 5).
  • the active surface 200 of the tool 20 could have a shape other than strictly spherical.
  • the active surface 200 of the head 20a could take the form of a torus part, by analogy to the shape of the proposed grinding wheel as a second variant in document EP 0 123 891 (this particular form then requiring a specific adjustment of the installation).
  • the active surface of the tool can take any suitable form.
  • the shape shaped in the mineral material will depend not only from the shape of the active surface of the tool but also from the movements printed on the tool and / or on the plate. The shape of the active surface of the tool head is therefore not necessarily conform to the shape of the surface to be shape.
  • the head 20a of the tool has at least one first slot opening onto the active surface 200 to form an opening there.
  • the head 20a of the tool here has a pair of slots diametral 210, 220, that is to say two substantially straight slots made along two diametrical planes passing through the axis of rotation 42 of the tool 20.
  • These slots diameters 210, 220 which run through the end of the head 20a are here arranged substantially perpendicular and therefore form a pair corresponding perpendicular openings 210a, 220a on the active surface 200 of the tool.
  • the active surface 200 of the rotary tool 20 is subdivided, in this example, in four distinct parts presenting, here, surfaces substantially equal.
  • the tool head could only be provided with a single slot, this slot not necessarily covering the entire width of the surface active.
  • the slot is configured so that, when of a rotation of the tool, the cutting edge formed by the corresponding opening of this slot covers a surface of revolution delimited only by a contour external, i.e. a solid surface without a central recess, this configuration being preferable from the point of view of the surface quality of the shaped shape.
  • a diametral slot configuration as illustrated in Figures 2 to 4, meets this definition.
  • the way in which the slots extend in the head of the tool is of relatively little importance. Indeed, the essential lies mainly in the way in which these slots open onto the surface active from the tool head. It is in fact through the active surface of the tool, and the contribution of abrasive particles to this active surface during machining, that the mineral material can be shaped.
  • each opening on the active surface formed by the corresponding slot allows the abrasive particles to lodge there and there accumulate to form, on the active surface of the tool head, a protuberance at high abrasive power having the function of a cutting edge, the rotary tool constituting thus a matrix making it possible to fix or freeze the abrasive particles in a adequate configuration allowing abrasion of the mineral material to be shaped.
  • the tool 20 can advantageously be made of a non-abrasive material for the mineral material considered, preferably a material having a compromise between hardness and softness in order to maintain and guarantee the shape of the head and, respectively, allow the abrasive particles to settle there.
  • This material can thus be a metal or a metal alloy comprising at least one metal selected from the group comprising copper Cu, zinc Zn, tin Sn and iron Fe.
  • a slot in the tool so that it also acts as a channel for conveying the abrasive particles on the machining area.
  • This channel shaped slot routing would, in this case, be an integral part of the routing means abrasive particles and could replace or complete the supply duct 52 of figure 1.
  • the tool illustrated in Figures 2 to 4 can be used in a very easy to shape a converging lens in the thickness of a plate of transparent mineral material.
  • a determined angle designated ⁇
  • the axes 40, 42 passing both by the center of curvature C of the spherical surface to be shaped, designated 380 in FIG. 5.
  • the reference numeric 500 generally indicates a mixture conveyed on the machining zone containing abrasive particles.
  • the simultaneous rotation of the tool 20 and of the plate 38 around their respective axes of rotation and the adjustment of the angle ⁇ between these axes of rotation ensures that the active surface 200 of the tool shapes a portion of a convex spherical surface of radius of curvature R having a circular periphery (in other words a convex spherical cap).
  • the diameter of the tool head, designated d must have a value minimum which is greater than half the diameter, designated D, of the lens at shape.
  • the diameter d of the tool 20, in this embodiment particular work must be at least equal to the diameter D of the desired lens divided by the cosine of the angle ⁇ . It will be noted that the angle ⁇ is in practice less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 °.
  • a movement oscillating around an axis perpendicular to the axes of rotation 42, 40 and passing through the center of curvature C of the lens to be shaped (namely an oscillating movement around the axis 44 of the spindle 28 in FIG. 1) can be printed on the plate 38 (or even with the tool).
  • ⁇ max the maximum angle of inclination of the plate 38 relative to the tool 20, designated ⁇ max .
  • ⁇ max the maximum angle of inclination of the plate 38 relative to the tool 20, designated ⁇ max .
  • the active surface of the tool head may have a shape other than spherical insofar as it is not desired subject the tool to a relative movement with respect to the plate of mineral material to machined. It is thus possible to give the active surface of the tool a form of non-spherical revolution and to shape a corresponding shape in the material mineral by only rotating the tool (or even also rotating the plate of mineral material around an axis coincident with the axis of rotation of the tool).
  • the particularly simple spherical shape of the active surface of the tool head such that it was presented above, constitutes however a particularly solution simple to implement, flexible to use and which allows to shape recesses of various shapes in the material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP02079950A 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 Outil rotatif pour le façonnage d'une forme dans un matériau minéral, tel le saphir, notamment pour le façonnage d'une surface optique dans une glace de montre Withdrawn EP1424163A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02079950A EP1424163A1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 Outil rotatif pour le façonnage d'une forme dans un matériau minéral, tel le saphir, notamment pour le façonnage d'une surface optique dans une glace de montre
JP2004554371A JP4851713B2 (ja) 2002-11-26 2003-11-17 鉱物材料例えばサファイアの形状を形成する整形する、特に時計用クリスタルの光学表面を整形する回転ツール
EP03779955.8A EP1567305B1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2003-11-17 Procede pour le faconnage d une surface optique
CN 200380107467 CN1732067A (zh) 2002-11-26 2003-11-17 用于对矿物材料例如蓝宝石进行成形加工并且尤其用于在表面玻璃中成形光学表面的旋转工具
AU2003288087A AU2003288087A1 (en) 2002-11-26 2003-11-17 Rotary tool for shaping a form in a mineral material, such as sapphire, and, in particular, for shaping an optical surface in a watch crystal
PCT/EP2003/012837 WO2004048034A1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2003-11-17 Outil rotatif pour le faconnage d'une forme dans un materiau mineral, tel le saphir, notamment pour le faconnage d'une surface optique dans une glace de montre

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02079950A EP1424163A1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 Outil rotatif pour le façonnage d'une forme dans un matériau minéral, tel le saphir, notamment pour le façonnage d'une surface optique dans une glace de montre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1424163A1 true EP1424163A1 (fr) 2004-06-02

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02079950A Withdrawn EP1424163A1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 Outil rotatif pour le façonnage d'une forme dans un matériau minéral, tel le saphir, notamment pour le façonnage d'une surface optique dans une glace de montre
EP03779955.8A Expired - Lifetime EP1567305B1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2003-11-17 Procede pour le faconnage d une surface optique

Family Applications After (1)

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EP03779955.8A Expired - Lifetime EP1567305B1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2003-11-17 Procede pour le faconnage d une surface optique

Country Status (5)

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EP (2) EP1424163A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4851713B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1732067A (zh)
AU (1) AU2003288087A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2004048034A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102198623A (zh) * 2011-05-09 2011-09-28 苏州大学 用于非球面零件的弹性细磨装置
CN102554762B (zh) * 2012-02-13 2014-04-30 江苏智邦精工科技有限公司 一种精密球形零件的加工方法
CN108620995B (zh) * 2017-03-24 2020-05-15 蓝思科技（长沙）有限公司 一种凹晶孔加工方法
CN110026877A (zh) * 2018-01-11 2019-07-19 昆山瑞咏成精密设备有限公司 一种抛光机及抛光方法

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JP2001001262A (ja) * 1999-06-22 2001-01-09 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 総型工具のツルーイング方法およびツルアー
JP2002205254A (ja) * 2001-01-10 2002-07-23 Canon Inc 光学素子研削・研磨工具の形状製作方法および研削・研磨工具の形状製作用摺り合わせ工具
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JP2000334648A (ja) * 1999-05-28 2000-12-05 Canon Inc 研削・研磨用工具および研削・研磨方法
JP2001001262A (ja) * 1999-06-22 2001-01-09 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 総型工具のツルーイング方法およびツルアー
JP2002205254A (ja) * 2001-01-10 2002-07-23 Canon Inc 光学素子研削・研磨工具の形状製作方法および研削・研磨工具の形状製作用摺り合わせ工具
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 11 6 November 2002 (2002-11-06) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1567305A1 (fr) 2005-08-31
WO2004048034A1 (fr) 2004-06-10
CN1732067A (zh) 2006-02-08
JP2006507136A (ja) 2006-03-02
JP4851713B2 (ja) 2012-01-11
EP1567305B1 (fr) 2014-04-16
AU2003288087A1 (en) 2004-06-18

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