EP1408168B1 - Thermal insulation system and building fitted with same - Google Patents

Abstract

Heat-insulating composite system for the lowermost, maximum 12 m, especially maximum 8 m high section of building facades, especially for buildings having a render height of up to 12 m, comprises a sub base (1a) having a separation strength of at least 30 kPa, especially at least 80 kPa, and a plug load of at least 0.20 kN/plug (load class of plug load-bearing capacity 0.20 kN), and insulating plates (4) made of bound laminar mineral wool having a thickness of 40 mm or more and a tensile strength perpendicular to the plate plane of at least 2 kPa, especially at least 3.5 kPa. The insulating plates are stuck with at least 40% of their surface on the sub base of the building facade as render supporting plates for fabric-reinforced exterior render (5) and are fixed on the sub base using plugs (11a) having an effective plate diameter of at least 90 mm and plug plates (11, 15) arranged under the exterior render and the reinforcing fabric (9). A maximum of 3, especially 2 p lugs per m2 of insulating surface are provided in the facade area. Independent claims are also included for an alternative heat-insulating composite system, and for buildings equipped with the heat-insulating composite systems. Preferred Features: The insulating plates have a plate size of 0.3-0.7, preferably 0.4-0.6, especially 0.5 m2.

Description

The invention relates to a thermal insulation composite system and a hereby equipped building.

Thermal insulation composite systems of the type in question include insulation boards of bonded mineral wool, which are arranged side by side flat on the facade. Dowels screwed into the subsurface penetrate the insulation boards with large dowel plates and thus secure the position of the insulation boards on the façade. On the outside of the insulation boards and the anchor plate a reinforced exterior plaster is usually mounted in such a way that in a flush a reinforcing layer is embedded, which is completed with a finishing plaster to the outside.

The thermal insulation composite system is exposed to loads due to its own weight, due to hygrothermal effects and in particular due to wind suction. Against charges due to the weight of the dowels Although a so-called. Konsoltragwirkung, but shear forces are collected by the weight above all by a coating with adhesive mortar on the back of the insulation boards, which the rough outer surface of the substrate with the rough rear surface of the insulation boards in a non-positive manner be it by friction, whether by bond, connects.

As a result of the hygrothermal effects (shrinkage of the plaster and temperature and humidity fluctuations), constraining stresses in the plastering system as well as shifts in the outer skin occur in the edges of the façade. With the shifts in slice level shear forces are connected, which is the Superimpose forces on dead loads. In view of the usability of the system is so far only important if the constrained stresses can cause cracks, and in terms of stability is only ruled out that the hygrothermal shifts lead to detachment or shearing of the system in Fassadenrand- and Fassadeneckbereichen.

The greatest mechanical load of the thermal insulation composite system is generally due to the wind suction forces. These introduce perpendicular to the substrate over the cross section of the thermal insulation composite system acting tensile forces in the thermal insulation composite system, which are absorbed by the dowels and discharged into the ground. The intended for receiving the shear stresses by the weight adhesive mortar remains unconsidered; in tear tests for the experimental determination of the required number of dowels no adhesive mortar is used.

The wind suction forces are stronger the higher the considered section of the building façade is above the ground. Accordingly, the number of dowels per m ^{2 of} insulating surface required, taking into account the required safety margins, increases. Already in the lowest building section up to a height of 8 m, four to six dowels per m ^{2 have} proved necessary in the building area (ie at a distance from the edges of the façade).

Since the late 80s of the last century, it is known to attach so-called lamella plates to form a thermal insulation composite system exclusively by adhesive mortar and without all dowels to the substrate; even in sections of the building facade with a height of 80 m and more. Such large-format lamellar plates are produced by cutting off strips of a relatively thick laminar mineral fiber fleece and rotating them by 90 ° such that the main orientation of the fibers now lies in the direction of the thickness of the lamellar plate.

Although the predominant fiber orientation in the direction of the thickness of the lamella plate results in a lower thermal resistance than laminar fiber orientation, but excellent tensile strength in the direction of plate thickness, ie a high intrinsic strength of the lamella plate against tearing under tensile load perpendicular to the large surface of the plate. This inherent strength of the insulation board against tearing is referred to below as transverse tensile strength of the insulation board. In the case of a lamella plate, this is in the range above 80 kPa. Thus, the adhesive bond between the insulation board and adhesive mortar can be tested for a tear strength of 80 kPa as a starting tear strength, which leads to a minimum tear resistance after aging of about 30 kPa after taking into account all safety deductions. As a result, therefore, the adhesive bond by means of the adhesive mortar between a lamellar plate and a substrate is the "weakest link" against tearing, since the resulting forces must be transferred into the wall. In any case, 30 kPa after aging are still sufficient to secure the insulated panels of the thermal insulation composite system, which are designed as lamella plates, against falling down even in height sections of the building façade of up to 100 m without any use of dowels.

The installation of dowels on the facade is very labor intensive. In particular, the holes must be torn and applied in the ground, which is already expensive. In order to avoid that the processor must put the anchor plate on the reinforcement of the still wet plaster of the exterior plaster and then attach the finishing coat on the anchor plates, the dowel plate are positioned on the dry surface of the insulation boards of heat insulation systems of the type considered here, before applied any outer plaster layers are, and therefore lie under the reinforcing layer, which thus can make no contribution to tear resistance with respect to the dowels. However, this omission of a contribution of the reinforcing layer to the dowel pull-out strength leads to a corresponding increase in the number of dowels and thus to the necessity of a higher number of dowel holes, which increases the costs.

Therefore, it is generally desirable, as in the case of lamellar plates under 100 m to work without any dowel, or at least with a reduced number of dowels.

Insulation panels for thermal insulation composite systems, unless they are manufactured as lamella panels, are produced as laminar or as compressed panels. In the case of laminar plates, the orientation of the fibers in the tray under the fiberizing aggregate is substantially maintained so that the fiber orientation is parallel to the large areas of the plates. Such laminar plates have low transverse tensile strength of, for example, 3.5 kPa or even less, but have a high thermal resistance in the transverse direction of the plate extension, so that with them the heat conduction group 035 can be achieved. Such laminar plates are often formed as two-layer plates, for example, with unilaterally or on both sides more resistant hard skin layers. Bumped plates are formed from laminar plates when the mineral wool is compressed prior to curing, so that the fibers "set up" from their lying main direction. As a result, a higher transverse tensile strength of, for example, 15 kPa is achieved, albeit much lower than with lamellar plates, but a reduced thermal resistance in the transverse direction of the plate than in laminar plates, so that at most the heat conductivity group 040 can be achieved with such plates.

Due to the relatively low transverse tensile strength in these cases, the insulation board is the "weakest link" in resistance to wind suction forces, since the strength of the compound of the adhesive mortar with at least 30 kPa, even after aging is significantly higher than the transverse tensile strength of the insulation boards. Therefore, in a sole adhesive attachment of these insulation boards, the thermal insulation composite system would yield under the wind suction forces by lifting the outer areas of the insulation boards of their detained interior areas.

From the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 31 24 686 A1 a façade cladding system for the outer facade of buildings is known, in which by using a support structure of double-T beams for spacer a plurality of holding surfaces at a distance from the outer surface of the substrate is created, where conventional plaster base plates of limited thickness on adhesive mortar and additional mechanical Fasteners can be attached. In this way, insulation thicknesses of more than 30 cm can be achieved over the outer surface of the substrate.

Furthermore, the disclosure European Patent Application EP 1 203 846 A1 a thermal insulation composite system and insulation elements and a manufacturing method thereof. The thermal insulation composite system consists of plate-shaped insulation elements with a building adhesive and / or the insulating elements sweeping mechanical fasteners on building surfaces, especially in the facade area of buildings fastened and in particular with a cover, such as a decking can be covered. In order to provide a thermal insulation composite system or an insulating element, which in particular facilitates the number of required insulation holder in certain schemes in order to make the most uniform arrangement recognizable even if due to weather conditions, the applied plaster layers reveal the underlying insulation holder is provided that the insulating elements are fastened with a plurality of plate-shaped elements which preferably overlap the insulating elements, wherein the elements are arranged flush with the surface in recesses of the insulating elements and are connected to the building with the mechanical fastening elements.

According to the invention - while maintaining certain parameters, as specified in the claims - dowel used as it were as an aid to improve the transverse tensile strength of the insulation boards, and not as an autonomous holding means for the entire thermal insulation composite system on the ground. For this reason, a reduced number of dowels can be used, namely at most three dowels per m ² and in particular only at most two dowels per m ² with correspondingly favorable loading and / or strength conditions. This reduced number of dowels would not be able to support the inventive thermal insulation composite system without consideration of the holding effect of the adhesive mortar against wind suction forces; Rather, it would come to a passage of the anchor plate by the material of the insulation boards, so that the insulation boards would fall down with the exterior plaster. In their function as an aid to improve the overall resulting transverse tensile strength of the insulating boards, however, a basic resistance against wind load by the adhesive bond of the adhesive mortar, and a safeguard against slipping or lifting the topsheets of the insulation boards under the wind suction forces by the reduced number of dowels. At the position of the anchor plate, of course, an immediate protection of the material of the insulation boards against wind suction forces, in the area between the dowels, however, the dowels by bracing the surface areas of the insulation boards by surface-side tensile forces to the dowels towards an improvement in the overall resulting transverse tensile strength. This is a similar effect as holding a surface down through a quilt on multiple quilting buttons compared to a homogeneous quilt that would be subjected to significantly larger surface deformations under suction forces.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing.

• Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein beispielhaftes Wärmedämm-Verbundsystem der Erfindung und
• Fig. 2 eine beispielhafte Dübelanordnung bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämm-Verbundsystem.

It shows

• Fig. 1 a vertical section through an exemplary thermal insulation composite system of the invention and
• Fig. 2 an exemplary plug arrangement in a thermal insulation composite system according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 1a is the supporting substrate, that is to say the wall building material 1 of the building wall and 2 an old plaster applied thereto or a compensation plaster to be applied if necessary, which will be explained in more detail below.

With 3 adhesive mortar is called, which is applied in a layer thickness of at least about 3 mm over the entire surface or in bead-point bonding (applying a peripheral bead along the circumference of the adhesive board to be bonded with a central point application) with at least 40% area. The adhesive mortar layer 3 can be made up to 20 mm thick, with adhesive mortars are used, which are generally approved by the building inspectorate for the corresponding purpose.

The substrate 1a (including the plaster layer 2) is "adhesive-suitable", as will be explained in more detail below. Furthermore, it has a consistency that allows a permissible load capacity of fasteners (dowels) of at least 0.20 kN / dowel.

4 with a partially illustrated insulation board is referred to, it being understood that a plurality of such insulation boards next to each other covers the entire facade surface, like this Fig. 2 illustrated.

The insulation boards 4 are either laminar or compressed mineral wool insulation boards.

Laminar mineral fiber insulation boards are generally 40 mm to 200 mm thick, "non-combustible (building material class DIN 4102-A1) boards" according to DIN 18165-1 type WV and the thermal conductivity group 035. The apparent density is between 70 and 150 kg / m ³ , preferably between 100 and 140 kg / m ³ , in the example, in particular at 120 kg / m ³ ± 15%. The tensile strength perpendicular to the board plane (transverse tensile strength) according to DIN EN 1607 is 3.5 kPa. The side dimensions may be 800 mm x 625 mm in the example case. The plates are composed of a compacted cover layer and a lower layer. The cover layer is marked and mounted so that the densified cover layer is on the outside.

An example of such a laminar mineral wool insulation board 4 is about the product "Sillatherm WVP 1-035" of the Applicant, as explained in detail in the general building inspection approval Z-33.40-142 from 29.05.2000 of the German Institute of Construction.

In the case of a compressed insulation board 4 whose density is in the range of 80 to 160 kg / m ³ , in particular from 110 to 150 kg / m ³ , and may for example have a nominal value of 130 kg / m ³ ± 15%. These are "non-combustible (construction material class DIN 4102-A1) panels" according to DIN 18165-1 of type WD (strength class HD) and thermal conductivity group 040. The tensile strength perpendicular to the panel level (transverse tensile strength) according to DIN EN 1607 is 14 kPa. These compressed mineral wool insulation boards are preferably used in side dimensions of 800 mm x 625 mm and with thicknesses of 40 to 140 mm. The practical upper limit of insulation thickness of 200 mm can be made by using such compressed mineral wool insulation boards with a smaller thickness of 140 mm by "doubling", ie the bonding of two layers of insulation with staggered joints. An example of such a compressed mineral wool insulation board 4 is the product "Sillatherm WVP 1-040" of the Applicant, as explained in detail in the general building inspection approval Z-33.40-142 of 29.05.2000 of the Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik.

On the outside of the insulation boards 4, a total of 5 designated external plaster is provided. The exterior plaster consists in the example of a flush 6 and a top coat 7. The flush 6 is applied with a layer thickness between about 3 and 8 mm or more in a first layer 8 with central reinforcement fabric 9 and a second layer 10 wet-on-wet. In practice, those sub-plasters can be used that are generally approved by the building authorities for mineral fiber insulating materials and the corresponding type of fastening (approval of the system manufacturer).

As finishing coat 7, in particular thin-layered topcoats are used, which are applied and structured in grain size. It is possible to use the top plasters which are generally approved by the building authorities for mineral fiber insulating materials and the corresponding type of fastening (approval of the system manufacturer).

Finally, when using textured plasters, a coating with a system-associated leveling dye generally takes place. Before the application of the finishing coat, an associated "bonding agent" can be applied.

The system of substrate 1a, adhesive mortar layer 3, insulation boards 4 and external plaster 5 described hitherto could absorb the forces occurring, in particular the wind suction forces, for at least 30 kPa between and within all layers or layers of the system would be present after aging. In this case, the substrate 1a is so designed, selected or formed that the substrate 1a is suitable for a permanent tensile load of 30 kPa or more, preferably with the inclusion of all conceivable safety surcharges a tear-off of 80 kPa should be achieved to all building requirements to meet a stickable substrate 1a safely.

For this purpose, the surface of Wandbaustoffes 1 must be flat, dry, free of grease and dust. In masonry surfaces according to DIN 1053 without plaster or concrete according to DIN 1045 without plaster, the tear resistance can usually be achieved without further Evidence must be provided. The tear resistance test must - if required - be carried out in accordance with DIN 18555-6.

The permanent compatibility of any existing coatings with adhesive mortar 3 must be expertly tested. Unevenness ≤ 1 cm / m may be bridged; larger unevenness must be mechanically leveled or compensated by a plaster 2 according to DIN 18550-2. The tear resistance of the plaster must be checked after hardening. Heavily absorbent or sanding substrates 1a must be solidified with a primer.

Between the adhesive mortar layer 3 and the mineral fiber insulation boards 4, a tear-off strength of more than 30 kPa and in particular more than 80 kPa can be achieved without problems with a suitable choice of the adhesive mortar 3. This is known and verifiable from corresponding adhesive bonds with so-called. Lamella plates as insulation boards 4. Here is a considerable part of Mineralwollefasem perpendicular to the large surface of the insulation board 4, in the illustration according to Fig. 1 So horizontally in the adhesive mortar 3 inside. This is a relatively unfavorable connection case, since a fiber projecting into an adhesive layer with its end is held exclusively by adhesive forces, and no positive locking forces support the connection. In the case of a fiber progression in sections parallel to the extension of the large surface or the adhesive layer, on the other hand, the adhesive may comprise the edge-side fibers and thus bring about a bonding or holding effect in addition to the adhesive action. Thus, if insulation boards 4 in the form of lamellar plates provide a tear-off strength of over 80 kPa on adhesive mortar 3, this is certainly the case with laminar or compressed insulation boards 4: in laminar insulation boards, the majority of the surface-side fibers are parallel to the large areas, and also at upset insulation boards 4 prevails in the edge regions of this fiber orientation. Therefore, the tear resistance between adhesive mortar 3 and insulation board 4 in the case of laminar and compressed Mineralwolledämmplatten is given safely.

The same considerations apply to the connection between the outside of the insulation panels 4 and the first layer 8 of the interior plaster 6 in the example case.

A crucial problem, however, is that although insulation boards 4 in the form of lamellae in accordance with the illustration Fig. 1 have predominantly horizontal fiber flow relatively straight from the adhesive layer 3 in the direction of the outer plaster 5 and therefore have a tensile strength perpendicular to the plane of the plate, here referred to as transverse tensile strength, which is greater than 80 kPa; laminar or compressed insulating panels 4, however, have - with significantly higher thermal resistance - a transverse tensile strength, which is quite considerably below 30 kPa, in the case of a laminar insulation board 4 only in the range of 3.5 kPa or slightly more. This has the consequence that an adhesive attachment as in the case of insulation boards 4 in the form of lamellar plates is not possible because under the influence of forces, especially the wind suction forces, the insulation board 4 fails in their cohesion and is torn apart, with an inner region of the insulation board. 4 held on the adhesive mortar 3, while the outer region of the insulation board 4 with the outer plaster 5 drops.

According to the invention, dowels 11a are therefore provided as additional fastening means, which have a dowel plate 11, a dowel shaft 12 and a dowel screw 13. With the dowel screw 13, the dowel 11a is held in a pre-drilled bore 14 in the substrate 1a.

Such dowels 11a are commercially available and have a diameter of the anchor plate 11 of usually 60 mm or a little more. The anchor plate 11 therefore presses flat on the adjacent surface areas of the insulation board. 4

In order to achieve a still larger area facility in a simple manner, the dowel 11a can be provided with an additional insulation support plate 15, as self-explanatory Fig. 1 is apparent. This one usually has a diameter 90 mm or more, for example, 110 mm or 140 mm, and thus provides an even larger holding surface than the anchor plate 11 alone.

Such dowels 11a are used in practice in sufficient numbers to mechanically hold the entire thermal insulation composite system. For this purpose, a minimum of four dowels / m ^{2 is} required because the wind suction forces must be 100% intercepted over the dowel plates.

Although a reduction in the number of dowels per unit area would be conceivable that the anchor plate 11 are placed outside of the reinforcement fabric 9, so that the reinforcing fabric 9 can transmit tensile forces between adjacent dowels and so stabilizes the thermal insulation composite system. However, this requires setting the dowels in the wet plaster, which is labor intensive and unpleasant and is therefore rarely accepted by the fabricators.

According to the invention, however, a reduction in the number of dowels also by the fact that the dowels are not considered as independent holding means against the wind suction forces, but rather only as a supplementary aid, in addition to attachment to the adhesive mortar layer 3, to improve the transverse tensile strength or the tear behavior of the insulation boards. 4 The dowels 11a in the system of the present invention effectively serve to suppress rupture or slipping of the laminar or compressed insulation panels 4 under the influence of wind suction forces. It has been shown that this, depending on the specific transverse tensile strength of the insulation boards 4 used, a reduced and possibly significantly reduced number of anchors is required compared with the number of dowels that are required to support the thermal insulation composite system against wind suction. Insofar as the insulating panel 4 has a transverse tensile strength of at least 2 kPa, in particular of at least 3.5 kPa, a smaller number of dowels per square meter than four is sufficient to ensure the stability of the thermal insulation composite system in the lower section of buildings against the wind suction forces that occur. in addition to the holding action of the adhesive mortar 3, to ensure.

A reduced number of dowels 11 a means a reduced number of dowel holes 14 to be prefabricated and thus a considerable acceleration of the work progress in the assembly of the thermal insulation composite system. Since the assembly costs and the time required for construction are the critical factors, an assembly-related saving in a double-digit percentage range means a considerable increase in productivity.

To produce the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention, the insulating panels 4 are made of mineral wool by the Randwulst-point method or very flat surfaces over the entire surface of the substrate 1a glued (at least 40% of the surface is glued). The adhesive mortar 3 is in the form of "beads" and "batzen" or - if a smooth surface such. Concrete precast elements is present - all over the insulation boards 4 applied. The adhesive mortar 3 should be incorporated when using mineral wool insulating materials in the surface (thin Preßspachtelung) and then applied. This requires two operations, namely the wetting of the insulating material and the application of the adhesive mortar 3. The thus coated with the adhesive mortar 3 plate 4 is set as described below. In order to avoid thermal bridges, the insulation boards 4 are joint-tight. The joints do not need to be mortared. Unintentionally on the front sides of the insulation boards 4 mortar is removed. The plates 4 are then pressed against the wall, slightly shifted back and forth several times ("floated") and pressed over the entire surface against the substrate 1 a. This can be done by repeated pressing with the flat hand or with the aid of a suitable tool (for example a float, grape box etc.).

In recent years, the thermal processing of composite systems has increasingly achieved the mechanical processing of adhesive and plaster mortars. This is also possible with the thermal insulation composite system with mineral wool insulation boards. For this purpose, the mineral wool insulation boards 4 can be factory-coated with a bonding agent. The adhesive mortar 3 can on the one hand by means of a "Nozzle" are applied to the pump hose of the mortar pump on the insulation board 4, wherein a mortar bead is created on the edge of the insulation board and the mortar is applied in strips on the insulating board surface. With this technique, a 40% bond - with glued plate edges - can be generated. On the other hand, the insulation boards 4 can be glued in such a way that the mortar is sprayed onto the wall and the plates are placed in this mortar bed. The mortar can be sprayed onto the wall in strips. The insulation boards must then be immediately set up, floated and pressed. Appropriately, these mortar strips are sprayed vertically, so that the individual horizontally laid plates are applied to many mortar strips. The glue bead should have a thickness of at least 1 cm in the middle and not less than 5 cm wide. The center distance of the beads is to be chosen so that the adhesive surface portion described above is achieved.

In order to ensure a sufficient adhesive bond between insulation boards 4 and pre-injection adhesive mortar 3, a speedy sequence is appropriate. An adhesion-promoting skin formation of the adhesive mortar should not have been used. At construction joints, excess adhesive mortar must be removed.

According to the state of experimental investigations, the insulating boards should i.a. at least 60% of the area, but nowhere less than 50% are glued. This requirement is to ensure that the adhesive beads are not placed too far away from the plate edges in insulation boards.

It can also be done a "doubling" of the insulation layer: The insulation layer is laid in two layers. For mineral wool insulating materials not coated with a bonding agent, the adhesive mortar must be incorporated into the surface of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer.

With regard to evenness, the surface of the first insulation board layer should already meet the requirements of DIN 18202 for "ready-to-use" walls.

Immediately after the bonding of the insulating material or only after sufficient hardening of Dämmstoffverklebung the dowels 11 a are mounted.

The flush can be applied in a position in which the reinforcing fabric is then "ironed" with a smoother. Alternatively, if necessary, a second thin layer of the concealed plaster is applied (wet-on-wet).

After sufficient service life of the flush (according to the manufacturer's guidelines), a primer (adhesion promoter) can be applied and, once it has dried out, the topcoat can be applied and immediately structured (dispensed).

Finally, when using thin-layered topcoat a system-related leveling coating can be applied.

On the installation of accessories such as joint sealing strips, base rails, joint profiles, fabric corner angles, etc. will not be discussed further here.

When using compressed mineral wool insulation boards 4 approved building dowels 11a can be used with Tellerdurchmessem of at least 60 mm. These dowels are placed under the reinforcement fabric 9.

If laminar mineral wool insulation boards 4 are used, building-approved dowels 11a with an effective plate diameter of at least 90 mm, preferably 110 or 140 mm, can be selected. These diameters are usually by Dämmstoffhalteller 15 in the Fig. 1 achieved apparent manner. These dowels 11a are also placed under the reinforcement fabric 9.

The above information regarding standards, construction supervisory regulations, security surcharges, etc. apply in the present form to the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany. Other countries have different rules, but they regulate an analogous situation and should be used accordingly in these countries.

In Fig. 2 an exemplary arrangement of the dowel 11a is illustrated on the wall of a family home to 8 m building height.

A distinction is in principle between the edge of the facade areas 16 and enclosed by these facade surface areas 17. In the facade edge areas 16 results in wind stress increased requirements due to discontinuities of wind flow, vortex shedding, etc. Here is a significantly greater density of anchors 11a required than in the edge areas 16 circumscribed areas 17 of the facade or the thermal insulation composite system. However, these facade surface areas 17, with which the present invention is concerned, make up most of the facade surface.

In the example according to Fig. 2 Insulation boards 4 are used with dimensions 800 mm x 625 mm. Two insulation boards 4 thus cover one square meter of the façade surface. In the context of the invention thus require two insulation boards 4 two dowels, so it is a dowel per insulation board required.

In the in Fig. 2 As shown, the dowels 11a, as can be seen, placed in the surface areas 17 on the vertical joints of the insulation panels 4, such that each anchor the edge of two insulation boards 4, each half, with his plate 11 and the insulation holding plate 15 overlaps and holds , This results in a relatively homogeneous holding action. Characterized in that the insulating panels 4 are also connected to a bonding mortar layer 3 by bonding to the substrate 1a, the dowels 11a in the surface areas 17 are only needed to additionally support the transverse tensile strength or tear resistance of the insulating panels 4. This has proven to be possible with a significantly reduced number of dowels 11a compared to the case that the dowels 11a are provided for full absorption of the wind suction forces. In this case, at least four dowels per square meter, so in the example of the Fig. 2 two dowels per insulation board 4 required, in the case of the invention, however, only two dowels per square meter or a dowel per insulation board 4, which means at least a smooth halving of the required dowel amount in the areas 17. This halving of the dowel quantity leads to a corresponding halving of the assembly effort for the attachment of corresponding retaining holes 14 in the substrate 1a for the dowels.

Claims (8)

1. Composite thermal insulation system for the lowest, 12 m high at maximum, in particular 8 m high at maximum, section of building facades, in particular for buildings with a render height of up to 12 m,
   with a substrate (1a), which has a tearing strength of at least 30 kPa, in particular at least 80 kPa, and a dowel load of at least 0.20 kN/dowel, i.e. allows a load class, of the dowel load-bearing capacity of ≥ 0.20 kN, which has insulation panels (4) of bonded laminar mineral wool with a thickness of 40 mm or more and with a tensile strength vertically to the panel plane (transverse tensile strength) of at least 2 kPa, in particular of at least 3.5 kPa, which are adhered to the substrate (1a) of the building facade as render support panels for fabric-reinforced external render (5) on at least 40% of their area and are fastened to the substrate (1a) with dowels (11a) with an effective disc diameter of at least 90 mm with dowel disc (11, 15) arranged under the external render (5) and the reinforcing fabric (9), and
   in which at maximum 3, in particular at maximum 2 dowels per m² of insulation area are provided in the facade surface region (17).
2. Composite thermal insulation system for the lowest, 12 m high at maximum, in particular 8 m high at maximum, section of building facades, in particular for buildings with a render height of up to 12 m,
   with a substrate (1a), which has a tearing strength of at least 30 kPa, in particular at least 80 kPa, and a dowel load of at least 0.20 kN/dowel, i.e. allows a load class of the dowel load-bearing capacity of ≥ 0.20 kN,
   which has insulation panels (4) of bonded laminar mineral wool with a thickness of 40 mm or more and with a tensile strength vertically to the panel plane (transverse tensile strength) of at least 2 kPa, in particular of at least 3.5 kPa, which are adhered to the substrate (1a) of the building facade as render support panels for fabric-reinforced external render (5) on at least 40% of their area and are fastened to the substrate (1a) with dowels (11a) with an effective disc diameter of at least 60 mm with dowel disc (11, 15) arranged under the external render (5) and the reinforcing fabric (9), and
   in which at maximum 3, in particular at maximum 2 dowels per m² of insulation area are provided in the facade surface region (17).
3. Composite thermal insulation system according to claim 1 or 2, in which the insulation panels (4) have a panel size of 0.3 to 0.7 m², preferably 0.4 to 0.6 m², in particular 0.5 m².
4. Composite thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the dowels (11a) are arranged on the joints between the insulation panels (4).
5. Building with a composite thermal insulation system on the lowest, 12 m high at maximum, in particular 8 m high at maximum, section of the building facade or building with a render height of up to 12 m,
   with a substrate (1a), which has a tearing strength of at least 30 kPa, in particular at least 80 kPa, and a dowel load of at least 0.20 kN/dowel, i.e. allows a load class of the dowel load-bearing capacity of ≥ 0.20 kN,
   which has insulation panels (4) of bonded laminar mineral wool with a thickness of 40 mm or more and with a tensile strength vertically to the panel plane (transverse tensile strength) of at least 2 kPa, in particular of at least 3.5 kPa, which are adhered to the substrate (1a) of the building facade as render support panels for fabric-reinforced external render (5) on at least 40% of their area and are fastened to the substrate (1a) with dowels (11a) with an effective disc diameter of at least 90 mm with dowel disc (11, 15) arranged under the external render (5) and the reinforcing fabric (9), and
   in which at maximum 3, in particular at maximum 2 dowels per m² of insulation area are provided in the facade surface region (17).
6. Building with a composite thermal insulation system on a section up to 12 m high, in particular up to 8 m high of the building facade or building with a render height of up to 12 m,
   with a substrate (1a), which has a tearing strength of at least 30 kPa, in particular at least 80 kPa, and a dowel load of at least 0.20 kN/dowel, i.e. allows a load class of the dowel load-bearing capacity of ≥ 0.20 kN,
   which has insulation panels (4) of bonded laminar mineral wool with a thickness of 40 mm or more and with a tensile strength vertically to the panel plane (transverse tensile strength) of at least 2 kPa, in particular of at least 3.5 kPa, which are adhered to the substrate (1a) of the building facade as render support panels for fabric-reinforced external render (5) on at least 40% of their area and are fastened to the substrate (1a) with dowels (11a) with an effective disc diameter of at least 60 mm with dowel disc (11, 15) arranged under the external render (5) and the reinforcing fabric (9), and
   in which at maximum 3, in particular 2 dowels per m² of insulation area are provided in the facade surface region (17).
7. Building according to claim 5 or 6, in which the insulation panels (4) have a panel size of 0.3 to 0.7 m², preferably 0.4 to 0.6 m², in particular 0.5 m².
8. Building according to one of claims 5 to 7, in which the dowels (11a) are arranged on the joints between the insulation panels (4).

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