EP3239430B1 - Method for manufacturing a facade system and device for executing the method - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing a facade system and device for executing the method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3239430B1 EP3239430B1 EP16167622.6A EP16167622A EP3239430B1 EP 3239430 B1 EP3239430 B1 EP 3239430B1 EP 16167622 A EP16167622 A EP 16167622A EP 3239430 B1 EP3239430 B1 EP 3239430B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thermal insulation
- insulation layer
- base plate
- plaster
- shaped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 128
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
- E04F13/045—Means for fastening plaster-bases to a supporting structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
- E04B1/7629—Details of the mechanical connection of the insulation to the wall
- E04B1/7633—Dowels with enlarged insulation retaining head
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
- E04F13/047—Plaster carrying meshes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
- E04F13/0835—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a facade system with the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for performing the method.
- the device consists of a fixing element or comprises a fixing element.
- Facade systems such as a composite thermal insulation system, generally have a layered structure. This means that several layers have to be produced in several steps, which is time-consuming and costly.
- facade systems which comprise a thermal insulation layer, a reinforced flush-mounted as well as stone or plate-shaped facade elements bonded to the flush-mounted as an external cover layer.
- the stone or plate-shaped facade elements are generally bonded using an adhesive mortar, which can, however, only be applied when the reinforced plaster is completely dry.
- the reinforcement is indispensable since it is intended to prevent the stone or plate-shaped facade elements from detaching due to thermal stresses.
- the European patent specification EP 0 011 781 B1 proposed an insulation board made of polystyrene rigid foam with a grooved surface, on which a glass fiber fabric is already attached while maintaining a distance. It is attached using an adhesive mortar. After attaching the insulation board to an on-site subsurface, it only needs to be plastered.
- the glass fiber fabric is subsequently applied to a heat insulation layer made of polystyrene rigid foam panels.
- the polystyrene rigid foam panels (without glass fiber fabric) are first attached to the on-site subsurface.
- the glass fiber fabric is then attached to the polystyrene rigid foam panels.
- fasteners with dowel-like expanding fasteners can be used, which are previously inserted into the polystyrene rigid foam panels.
- the glass fiber fabric is fastened to the fastening means via hooks on the head or the like. In this way, the fastening means ensure a distance between the glass fiber fabric and the polystyrene rigid foam panels.
- the plaster can be applied.
- a method for producing a facade system in which a reinforcing fabric can be fixed at least temporarily on a thermal insulation layer, with disk-shaped fixing elements with pin-like or mandrel-like fixing means being used for fixing.
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying a further simplified method for producing a facade system.
- the method should save time and money. This applies in particular to the production of a facade system, in which stone or plate-shaped facade elements have to be glued to a thermal insulation layer.
- the inventive method allows the use of conventional thermal insulation boards. Because in the method according to the invention, the reinforcing fabric is only applied after the heat insulation layer has been formed. For this purpose, the reinforcing fabric is preferably rolled out on the thermal insulation layer and fixed in one operation with the aid of the fixing element.
- the reinforcing fabric is therefore immediately in the method according to the invention, ie. H. without maintaining a distance, placed on the thermal insulation layer. Furthermore, the reinforcing fabric is fixed to the thermal insulation layer and not to a fastening element anchored in the thermal insulation layer. In contrast to the prior art cited at the outset, the step of threading the reinforcing fabric into hooks or the like attached to the head can be omitted. At the same time, the disk-shaped base body of the fixing element ensures that the reinforcing fabric is held in contact with the thermal insulation layer. A plurality of disk-shaped fixing elements are preferably distributed over the surface, preferably arranged uniformly distributed, so that the reinforcing fabric is stretched uniformly over the thermal insulation layer. This ensures that the reinforcement mesh does not sag.
- the method according to the invention for producing a facade system thus contributes to significant time and cost savings.
- the relevant building regulations must be observed. These can provide that the thermal insulation layer is additionally sealed in the subsurface with the help of insulation dowels anchor it.
- the insulation dowels are then placed in a further step, in the method according to the invention preferably after the reinforcing fabric has been fixed to the thermal insulation layer and before the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer has been applied.
- the fixing element by means of which the reinforcing fabric is fixed to the thermal insulation layer, can be used as an aid, so that the manufacture of the facade system is further simplified.
- the fixing element can be used as a drilling template.
- a bore is created which extends through the thermal insulation layer into the subsurface.
- An insulation plug including fastening means in particular in the form of a screw or a nail, is then inserted into the bore.
- the fastening means preferably leads to a spreading of the insulation anchor, so that it is firmly anchored in the substrate.
- the fixing element is also held in position by the insulation plug inserted in the hole.
- the insulating dowel has a plate-shaped or collar-shaped section to lie on the outside of the fixing element, by means of which the fixing element is pressed against the reinforcing fabric or against the thermal insulation layer.
- the fixing element lying below the plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of the insulation dowel leads to an enlargement of the contact surface of the insulation dowel, so that at the same time an improved form fit between the insulation dowel and the thermal insulation board is achieved.
- the fixing element can therefore also be used as a washer.
- the fixing element In its function as a washer, the fixing element can replace a dowel plate of an insulation dowel. A simple collar dowel can therefore also be used as an insulation dowel. In this way, the costs can be further reduced.
- the fixing element can accordingly in combination with a Insulation dowels also serve as drilling templates, washers and / or dowel plates.
- the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer to be applied is preferably used to fasten stone or plate-shaped facade elements on the reinforcing fabric or on the thermal insulation layer.
- the stone or plate-shaped facade elements can be, in particular, so-called clinkers or brick slips, which come in a wide variety of designs. In this way there is a high degree of design freedom.
- the use of stone or plate-shaped facade elements as the outer layer increases the robustness of the facade system.
- At least one thermal insulation board made of a polymer foam, a mineral foam and / or a fiber insulation material, in particular mineral fiber or wood fiber, is used to form the thermal insulation layer.
- Thermal insulation panels made from the aforementioned thermal insulation materials ensure adequate thermal insulation. Furthermore, they make it easier to fix the reinforcing fabric to a thermal insulation layer produced therefrom, since the pin-like or mandrel-like fixing means of the fixing element can easily penetrate into the respective thermal insulation panel.
- thermal insulation board made of a polymer foam this is preferably based on polystyrene, phenolic resin, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisocyanurate and / or a biopolymer such as polylactide.
- Thermal insulation boards made of polymer foam are particularly dimensionally stable and therefore easy to process. At the same time, a sufficient hold of the pin-like or mandrel-like fixative in the thermal insulation panel is ensured, since a polymer foam gives way when the pin-like or mandrel-like fixative is pressed in, but then expands again in the direction of the pin-like or mandrel-like fixative, so that the thermal insulation material against the Fixer presses.
- the at least one thermal insulation panel for forming the thermal insulation layer is attached to the on-site subsurface by means of an adhesive.
- the adhesive is able to compensate for unevenness in the surface, so that the thermal insulation layer produced in this way is comparatively flat.
- thermal insulation panels can be aligned in the plane when glued, so that the panels can be butted tightly.
- the fixing agent When using the fixing agent, it is to be oriented in such a way that the pin-like or mandrel-like fixing agents come to rest on the rear side of the fixing element facing the thermal insulation layer.
- the pin-like or mandrel-like fixing means can then be pressed through the reinforcement fabric into the thermal insulation layer, so that the base body of the fixing element presses the reinforcement fabric against the thermal insulation layer.
- the fixing of the reinforcing fabric to the thermal insulation layer can thus be significantly simplified.
- the attachment and fixing of the reinforcement fabric can be done in one step.
- the fixing element When fixing the reinforcing fabric with the help of the fixing element, preferably several fixing elements are placed on the thermal insulation layer at regular intervals.
- the number of fixing elements is preferably based on the number of insulation dowels to be set, if these are required.
- the fixing element can also serve as a drilling template and / or washer for an insulation plug to be placed.
- the base body of the fixing element preferably has a central recess for guiding a drill and / or for receiving an insulation plug.
- the perforations are essentially sector-shaped. This means that the openings are separated from one another only by radially extending webs and / or by at least one annular web. Such openings lead to a lattice-like structure of the base body, so that particularly large-area openings are formed or the area of the openings is larger than the area portion of the base body that is formed closed. The webs remaining between the openings ensure sufficient dimensional stability of the base body.
- the base body have a lowered central area.
- This is preferably arranged on the second surface of the base body.
- This means that the lowered central area is formed on the front side of the base body facing away from the thermal insulation layer.
- the lowered central area can thus serve to receive an insulation dowel in sections, in particular a plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of an insulation dowel.
- the central area is preferably lowered by the thickness of the plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of the insulation anchor.
- the base body is preferably of stepped design.
- the step can be designed on one side or on both sides.
- the base body preferably has a flat back, so that a large contact surface for Support of the base body is created on the reinforcing fabric.
- the base body preferably has a constant thickness.
- the contact surface is smaller in this case and is delimited radially on the outside by an annular region which comes to lie at a distance from the reinforcing fabric. In this way, a plaster, mortar and / or adhesive mass to be applied can flow around the base body more easily.
- the stiffness of the fixing element can also be increased by a stepped design of the base body.
- the plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of an insulation dowel is generally ring-shaped, it is further proposed for the flush-fitting reception of this section that the step of the base body, which serves to form the lowered central region, runs in a ring-shaped manner.
- the inner diameter of the lowered central area is preferably selected to be substantially the same as the outer diameter of the plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of the insulation dowel or is slightly larger.
- the base body has reinforcing ribs.
- the reinforcing ribs are preferably arranged on the first surface, ie on the rear side of the base body facing the thermal insulation layer.
- the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs is therefore on the same side as the arrangement of the pin-like or mandrel-like fixing means. Gaps are created by means of the reinforcing ribs, which define a distance between the base body and the reinforcing fabric.
- the reinforcing ribs are preferably arranged radially and / or in the region of a radially extending web.
- the latter has the advantage that the dimensional stability of the web is increased at the same time. This can therefore be made particularly narrow in favor of the area of the adjacent openings.
- the base body has an outer diameter which is 50 mm to 150 mm, preferably 90 mm. This enables the fixing element to be used in combination with a conventional insulation plug, which generally has a maximum outside diameter of 40 mm to 60 mm, preferably in the area of a plug plate.
- the device comprises, in addition to the fixing element, an insulating plug and a fastening means which can be inserted or used in the insulating plug.
- the fastening means can in particular be a screw or a nail.
- the insulation plug can be spread at least in sections, so that an optimal anchoring of the insulation plug in the subsurface can be achieved.
- the fixing element and the insulation plug preferably represent independent components that can be installed independently of one another. If no insulation dowels need to be set, the reinforcement fabric can be fixed on the thermal insulation layer using only the proposed fixing element.
- the design of the fixing element and insulation dowel as independent components also enables the method according to the invention to be carried out. Because in the method according to the invention that is first Reinforcing mesh fixed to the thermal insulation layer with the help of a fixing element. Then the insulation plug is placed, if this is required. This enables the use of the fixing element as a drilling template in the formation of a hole in which the insulation plug can be used.
- the base body of the fixing element can be used as a washer and / or dowel plate.
- the fixing element increases the contact area of the insulation plug on the thermal insulation layer or on the reinforcement fabric, so that the positive connection between the thermal insulation layer and the insulation material anchor is improved.
- the fixing element also serves as a dowel plate, a simple collar dowel can be used as an insulation plug, which has only a small collar instead of its own dowel plate to ensure a positive fit between the fixing element and the dowel.
- the insulation anchor have a plate-shaped or collar-shaped section that can be inserted flush in the lowered central area of the base body.
- the flush mounting of the insulation dowel in the fixing element enables the formation of a particularly thin layer of plaster, mortar and / or adhesive, which nevertheless reliably covers the reinforcement mesh, the fixing element and the insulation dowel. This also dries through faster, which is particularly advantageous if the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer is used for fastening, in particular gluing, stone or plate-shaped facade elements.
- the base body 5 of the in Figures 1 and 2 shown fixing element 4 has a central recess 8, which is surrounded by openings 16, which are sector-shaped in the present case. Because the openings 16 are separated from one another only by radially extending webs 17. The number of openings 16 or webs 17 is four in the present case, but can be chosen as desired. Radially outward in relation to the openings 16, the pin-like fixing means 6 are each arranged in the extension of a web 17, so that the number of these is also four in the present case. Radially on the outside with respect to the pin-like fixing means 6, the base body 5 has further openings 16, which in the present case are circular. The plurality of circular openings 16 are arranged at the same angular distance from one another.
- the openings 16 enable a subsequently applied plaster, mortar and / or adhesive compound to also reach behind the base body 5 of the fixing element 4, so that the reinforcing fabric 3 is embedded as completely as possible in the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer 11 produced in this way becomes.
- the thermal insulation layer 2 is additionally anchored in the on-site subsurface with the aid of insulation dowels 9.
- holes 7 are made which extend through the thermal insulation layer 2 into the underground.
- the fixing element 4 can be used as a drilling template by using the central recess 8 of the base body 5 to guide a drill 15 (see Fig. 6d )).
- An insulation plug 9 is then inserted into the bore 7 such that a plate-shaped section 21 of the insulation plug 9 comes to rest on the base body 5 of the fixing element 4 (see Fig. 6e )).
- a fastening means 10 is inserted into the insulation plug 9 in order to spread it and to effect the desired anchoring of the insulation plug 9 in the on-site subsurface (see 6f )).
- a surface 14 of the base body 5 serving as the front is designed in steps.
- the step serves to form a lowered central region 19, which serves to receive the plate-shaped section 21 of an insulation plug 9.
- the insulation plug 9 can be inserted flush into the fixing element 4.
- the surface 13 serving as the rear is also stepped.
- the lowered central area 19 of the front forms a raised central area 22 on the back, which serves as a support surface.
- Radially on the outside with respect to the area 22, the base body 5 is therefore at a distance from the reinforcing fabric 3, so that an intermediate space is formed which is formed with the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer 11 with plaster, mortar and / or fill the adhesive.
- the circular openings 16 also contribute to this.
- stone or plate-shaped facade elements 12 can be attached to the thermal insulation layer 2 (see Fig. 6g )).
- FIG. 3 is a further development of the device of Figures 1 and 2 shown. Because the fixing element 4 has radially extending reinforcing ribs 20, which increase the rigidity of the base body 5.
- FIG. 4 and 5 Another preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention is the Figures 4 and 5 refer to.
- all the openings 16 are sector-shaped, so that the base body 5 has a lattice-like structure. It is therefore particularly permeable to a plaster, mortar and / or adhesive.
- the perforations 16 are separated from one another by a circular web 18, in the area of which the base body 5 is in turn stepped.
- the device is the Figures 4 and 5 equal to that of Figures 1 and 2 educated.
- the device of the Figures 4 and 5 Reinforcing ribs 20, which coincide with the webs 17 here.
- the illustrated embodiments of a device according to the invention are each made of plastic. This is also not a mandatory feature of the invention.
- the use of plastic for the production of the device makes it particularly inexpensive to produce.
- the device can also be made of a metallic material.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fassadensystems mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens. Die Vorrichtung besteht aus einem Fixierelement oder umfasst ein Fixierelement.The invention relates to a method for producing a facade system with the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for performing the method. The device consists of a fixing element or comprises a fixing element.
Fassadensysteme, wie beispielsweise ein Wärmedämmverbundsystem, weisen in der Regel einen schichtweisen Aufbau auf. Das heißt, dass mehrere Schichten in mehreren Arbeitsschritten hergestellt werden müssen, was zeit- und kostenintensiv ist.Facade systems, such as a composite thermal insulation system, generally have a layered structure. This means that several layers have to be produced in several steps, which is time-consuming and costly.
Die mehreren Schichten eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems umfassen zumindest eine Wärmedämmschicht und eine hierauf aufgebrachte ein- oder mehrlagige Putzschicht. Zur Vermeidung von Rissen wird die Putzschicht armiert. Hierzu kann in einer ersten Putzlage, dem Unterputz, ein Armierungsgewebe in die noch feuchte Putzmasse eingelegt werden. Anschließend wird mindestens eine weitere Putzlage zur Ausbildung eines Ober- oder Deckputzes aufgebracht.The multiple layers of a composite thermal insulation system comprise at least one thermal insulation layer and a single-layer or multi-layer plaster layer applied thereon. To avoid cracks, the plaster layer is reinforced. For this purpose, a reinforcing fabric can be placed in the still moist plaster in a first plaster layer, the flush-mounted. Then at least one additional plaster layer is applied to form a top or top plaster.
Darüber hinaus sind Fassadensysteme bekannt, die eine Wärmedämmschicht, einen armierten Unterputz sowie auf den Unterputz verklebte stein- oder plattenförmige Fassadenelemente als außenliegende Deckschicht umfassen. Die Verklebung der stein- oder plattenförmigen Fassadenelemente erfolgt in der Regel mittels eines Klebemörtels, der jedoch erst aufgebracht werden kann, wenn der armierte Unterputz durchgetrocknet ist. Die Armierung ist unverzichtbar, da sie ein Ablösen der stein- oder plattenförmigen Fassadenelemente aufgrund von thermisch bedingten Spannungen verhindern soll.In addition, facade systems are known which comprise a thermal insulation layer, a reinforced flush-mounted as well as stone or plate-shaped facade elements bonded to the flush-mounted as an external cover layer. The stone or plate-shaped facade elements are generally bonded using an adhesive mortar, which can, however, only be applied when the reinforced plaster is completely dry. The reinforcement is indispensable since it is intended to prevent the stone or plate-shaped facade elements from detaching due to thermal stresses.
Um Zeit und Kosten bei der Herstellung eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems zu sparen, wird in der europäischen Patentschrift
Ferner wird in der
Darüber hinaus ist aus
Ausgehend von dem vorstehend genannten Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein weiter vereinfachtes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fassadensystems anzugeben. Insbesondere soll das Verfahren eine Zeit- und Kostenersparnis ermöglichen. Dies gilt im Besonderen bei der Herstellung eines Fassadensystems, bei dem es stein- oder plattenförmige Fassadenelemente auf einer Wärmedämmschicht zu verkleben gilt.Starting from the prior art mentioned above, the present invention is based on the object of specifying a further simplified method for producing a facade system. In particular, the method should save time and money. This applies in particular to the production of a facade system, in which stone or plate-shaped facade elements have to be glued to a thermal insulation layer.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird das Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen. Ferner wird eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens angegeben, das aus einem Fixierelement besteht oder ein Fixierelement umfasst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind den jeweiligen Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.To achieve the object, the method with the features of claim 1 is proposed. Furthermore, a device for carrying out the method is specified, which consists of a fixing element or comprises a fixing element. Advantageous developments of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can be found in the respective subclaims.
Bei dem zur Herstellung eines Fassadensystems vorgeschlagenen Verfahren wird mindestens eine Wärmedämmplatte an einem bauseitigen Untergrund zur Ausbildung einer Wärmedämmschicht angebracht. Auf die Wärmedämmschicht wird anschließend ein Armierungsgewebe aufgelegt und das Armierungsgewebe wird zumindest temporär auf der Wärmedämmschicht fixiert. Zur Fixierung wird erfindungsgemäß mindestens ein Fixierelement mit einem scheibenförmigen Grundkörper und stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermitteln verwendet, wobei die stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel durch das Armierungsgewebe hindurch in die Wärmedämmschicht eingedrückt werden, so dass das Armierungsgewebe über den Grundkörper des Fixierelements gegen die Wärmedämmschicht gedrückt wird.In the method proposed for the production of a facade system, at least one thermal insulation panel is attached to an on-site subsoil to form a thermal insulation layer. A reinforcing fabric is then placed on the thermal insulation layer and the reinforcing fabric is at least temporarily fixed on the thermal insulation layer. According to the invention, at least one fixing element with a disk-shaped base body and pin-like or pin-like fixing means is used for fixing, the pin-like or pin-like fixing means being pressed through the reinforcing fabric into the thermal insulation layer, so that the reinforcing fabric is pressed against the thermal insulation layer via the base body of the fixing element ,
Das erfindungsgenmäße Verfahren erlaubt die Verwendung herkömmlicher Wärmedämmplatten. Denn bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird das Armierungsgewebe erst nach der Ausbildung der Wärmedämmschicht angebracht. Vorzugsweise wird hierzu das Armierungsgewebe auf der Wärmedämmschicht ausgerollt und in einem Arbeitsgang mit Hilfe des Fixierelements fixiert.The inventive method allows the use of conventional thermal insulation boards. Because in the method according to the invention, the reinforcing fabric is only applied after the heat insulation layer has been formed. For this purpose, the reinforcing fabric is preferably rolled out on the thermal insulation layer and fixed in one operation with the aid of the fixing element.
Das Armierungsgewebe wird demnach bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren unmittelbar, d. h. ohne Einhaltung eines Abstands, auf die Wärmedämmschicht aufgelegt. Ferner wird das Armierungsgewebe an der Wärmedämmschicht und nicht an einem in der Wärmedämmschicht verankerten Befestigungselement fixiert. Im Unterschied zum eingangs zitierten Stand der Technik kann demnach der Arbeitsschritt des Einfädelns des Armierungsgewebes in kopfseitig angebrachte Haken oder dergleichen entfallen. Zugleich ist durch den scheibenförmigen Grundkörper des Fixierelements sichergestellt, dass das Armierungsgewebe in Anlage mit der Wärmedämmschicht gehalten wird. Bevorzugt werden mehrere scheibenförmige Fixierelemente über die Fläche verteilt, vorzugsweise gleichmäßig verteilt angeordnet, so dass das Armierungsgewebe über der Wärmedämmschicht gleichmäßig aufgespannt wird. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass das Armierungsgewebe nicht durchhängt.The reinforcing fabric is therefore immediately in the method according to the invention, ie. H. without maintaining a distance, placed on the thermal insulation layer. Furthermore, the reinforcing fabric is fixed to the thermal insulation layer and not to a fastening element anchored in the thermal insulation layer. In contrast to the prior art cited at the outset, the step of threading the reinforcing fabric into hooks or the like attached to the head can be omitted. At the same time, the disk-shaped base body of the fixing element ensures that the reinforcing fabric is held in contact with the thermal insulation layer. A plurality of disk-shaped fixing elements are preferably distributed over the surface, preferably arranged uniformly distributed, so that the reinforcing fabric is stretched uniformly over the thermal insulation layer. This ensures that the reinforcement mesh does not sag.
Nach dem Fixieren des Armierungsgewebes auf der Wärmedämmschicht kann direkt eine Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht aufgebracht werden. Diese kann als abschließende Deckschicht oder der Befestigung stein- oder plattenförmiger Fassadenelemente dienen. Die Befestigung stein- oder plattenförmiger Fassadenelemente auf der Wärmedämmschicht erfordert demnach keinen armierten Unterputz mehr. Das heißt, dass dieser Arbeitsschritt entfallen kann. Mit dem Wegfall eines armierten Unterputzes entfällt auch die Wartezeit, die üblicherweise einzuhalten ist, um sicherzustellen, dass der Unterputz durchgetrocknet ist, bevor die stein- oder plattenförmigen Fassadenelemente verklebt werden.After fixing the reinforcement mesh on the thermal insulation layer, a plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer can be applied directly. This can serve as a final covering layer or the fastening of stone or plate-shaped facade elements. The fixing of stone or plate-shaped facade elements on the thermal insulation layer therefore no longer requires reinforced plaster. This means that this step can be omitted. With the elimination of a reinforced plaster, there is also no longer the waiting time that usually has to be observed to ensure that the plaster is completely dry before the stone or plate-shaped facade elements are glued.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fassadensystems trägt somit zu einer deutlichen Zeit- und Kostenersparnis bei.The method according to the invention for producing a facade system thus contributes to significant time and cost savings.
Bei der Herstellung eines Fassadensystems gilt es die einschlägigen bauaufsichtlichen Bestimmungen einzuhalten. Diese können vorsehen, dass die Wärmedämmschicht mit Hilfe von Dämmstoffdübeln zusätzlich im Untergrund zu verankern ist. Das Setzen der Dämmstoffdübel erfolgt dann in einem weiteren Arbeitsschritt, und zwar bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorzugsweise nach dem Fixieren des Armierungsgewebes an der Wärmdämmschicht und vor dem Aufbringen der Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht. Dabei kann das Fixierelement, mittels dessen das Armierungsgewebe an der Wärmedämmschicht fixiert ist, als Hilfsmittel eingesetzt werden, so dass das die Herstellung des Fassadensystems weiter vereinfacht wird.When manufacturing a facade system, the relevant building regulations must be observed. These can provide that the thermal insulation layer is additionally sealed in the subsurface with the help of insulation dowels anchor it. The insulation dowels are then placed in a further step, in the method according to the invention preferably after the reinforcing fabric has been fixed to the thermal insulation layer and before the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer has been applied. The fixing element, by means of which the reinforcing fabric is fixed to the thermal insulation layer, can be used as an aid, so that the manufacture of the facade system is further simplified.
Beispielsweise kann das Fixierelement als Bohrschablone eingesetzt werden. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird daher vorgeschlagen, dass im Bereich einer zentralen Ausnehmung des Grundkörpers des Fixierelements eine Bohrung erstellt wird, die sich durch die Wärmedämmschicht hindurch bis in den Untergrund erstreckt. In die Bohrung wird dann ein Dämmstoffdübel einschließlich Befestigungsmittel, insbesondere in Form einer Schraube oder eines Nagels, eingesetzt. Das Befestigungsmittel führt vorzugsweise zu einem Spreizen des Dämmstoffdübels, so dass dieser im Untergrund fest verankert ist. Durch den in die Bohrung eingesetzten Dämmstoffdübel wird das Fixierelement zusätzlich in Position gehalten. Dies gilt im Besondern, wenn der Dämmstoffdübel einen außenseitig am Fixierelement zu liegen kommenden teller- oder kragenförmigen Abschnitt besitzt, mittels dessen das Fixierelement gegen das Armierungsgewebe bzw. gegen die Wärmedämmschicht gedrückt wird. Das unterhalb des teller- oder kragenförmigen Abschnitts des Dämmstoffdübels liegende Fixierelement führt dabei zu einer Vergrößerung der Auflagefläche des Dämmstoffdübels, so dass zugleich ein verbesserter Formschluss zwischen dem Dämmstoffdübel und der Wärmedämmplatte erreicht wird. Das Fixierelement kann demnach ferner als Unterlegscheibe eingesetzt werden.For example, the fixing element can be used as a drilling template. In a further development of the invention, it is therefore proposed that in the area of a central recess in the base body of the fixing element, a bore is created which extends through the thermal insulation layer into the subsurface. An insulation plug including fastening means, in particular in the form of a screw or a nail, is then inserted into the bore. The fastening means preferably leads to a spreading of the insulation anchor, so that it is firmly anchored in the substrate. The fixing element is also held in position by the insulation plug inserted in the hole. This applies in particular if the insulating dowel has a plate-shaped or collar-shaped section to lie on the outside of the fixing element, by means of which the fixing element is pressed against the reinforcing fabric or against the thermal insulation layer. The fixing element lying below the plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of the insulation dowel leads to an enlargement of the contact surface of the insulation dowel, so that at the same time an improved form fit between the insulation dowel and the thermal insulation board is achieved. The fixing element can therefore also be used as a washer.
In der Funktion als Unterlegscheibe vermag das Fixierelement einen Dübelteller eines Dämmstoffdübels zu ersetzen. Es kann somit auch ein einfacher Kragendübel als Dämmstoffdübel eingesetzt werden. Auf diese Weise können die Kosten weiter gesenkt werden. Das Fixierelement kann demnach in Kombination mit einem Dämmstoffdübel zugleich als Bohrschablone, Unterlegscheibe und/oder Dübelteller dienen.In its function as a washer, the fixing element can replace a dowel plate of an insulation dowel. A simple collar dowel can therefore also be used as an insulation dowel. In this way, the costs can be further reduced. The fixing element can accordingly in combination with a Insulation dowels also serve as drilling templates, washers and / or dowel plates.
Da die Anzahl der zu setzenden Dämmstoffdübel in der Regel vorgegeben ist, kann die Anzahl der Fixierelemente hierauf abgestimmt werden. Beispielsweise kann die Anzahl der Fixierelemente gleich groß oder größer als die Anzahl der Dämmstoffdübel gewählt werden. Werden die Fixierelemente über die Fläche gleichmäßig verteilt angeordnet, kann jedem Dämmstoffdübel ein Fixierelement zugeordnet werden. Ferner ist eine ausreichende Fixierung des Armierungsgewebes an der Wärmedämmschicht sichergestellt.Since the number of insulation dowels to be set is generally specified, the number of fixing elements can be adjusted accordingly. For example, the number of fixing elements can be chosen to be the same size or larger than the number of insulation dowels. If the fixing elements are evenly distributed over the surface, a fixing element can be assigned to each insulation plug. Adequate fixation of the reinforcing fabric on the thermal insulation layer is also ensured.
Sofern Dämmstoffdübel zu setzen und zu befestigen sind, erfolgt dieser Verfahrensschritt demnach bevorzugt nach dem Fixieren des Armierungsgewebes an der Wärmedämmschicht und vor dem Aufbringen einer Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht auf das Armierungsgewebe bzw. auf die Wärmedämmschicht.If insulation dowels are to be set and fastened, this process step therefore preferably takes place after the reinforcing fabric has been fixed to the thermal insulation layer and before a plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer has been applied to the reinforcing fabric or to the thermal insulation layer.
Vorzugsweise dient die aufzubringende Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht der Befestigung stein- oder plattenförmiger Fassadenelemente auf dem Armierungsgewebe bzw. auf der Wärmedämmschicht. Bei den stein- oder plattenförmigen Fassadenelementen kann es sich insbesondere um so genannten Klinker oder Riemchen handeln, die es in den unterschiedlichsten Ausführungen gibt. Auf diese Weise besteht ein hoher Gestaltungsfreiraum. Zugleich steigt mit der Verwendung stein- oder plattenförmiger Fassadenelemente als außenliegende Schicht die Robustheit des Fassadensystems.The plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer to be applied is preferably used to fasten stone or plate-shaped facade elements on the reinforcing fabric or on the thermal insulation layer. The stone or plate-shaped facade elements can be, in particular, so-called clinkers or brick slips, which come in a wide variety of designs. In this way there is a high degree of design freedom. At the same time, the use of stone or plate-shaped facade elements as the outer layer increases the robustness of the facade system.
Beim Aufbringen der Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht drückt sich die Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Klebermasse durch das Armierungsgewebe, so dass die Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht zugleich die Funktion einer armierten Unterputzschicht übernimmt. Die Ausbildung einer separaten armierten Unterputzschicht ist somit entbehrlich. Ferner müssen keine Wartezeiten mehr eingehalten werden, um die stein- oder plattenförmigen Fassadenelemente verkleben zu können.When the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer is applied, the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive compound presses through the reinforcing fabric, so that the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer also takes on the function of a reinforced, flush-mounted layer. It is therefore not necessary to form a separate reinforced underlay. Furthermore, there are no longer any waiting times are adhered to in order to be able to glue the stone or plate-shaped facade elements.
Vorzugsweise wird zur Ausbildung der Wärmedämmschicht mindestens eine Wärmedämmplatte aus einem Polymerschaum, einem Mineralschaum und/oder aus einem Faserdämmstoff insbesondere Mineralfaser oder Holzfaser verwendet. Wärmedämmplatten aus den vorstehend genannten Wärmedämmmaterialien gewährleisten einen ausreichenden Wärmeschutz. Ferner erleichtern sie die Fixierung des Armierungsgewebes an einer hieraus hergestellten Wärmedämmschicht, da die stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel des Fixierelements leicht in die jeweilige Wärmedämmplatte einzudringen vermögen.Preferably, at least one thermal insulation board made of a polymer foam, a mineral foam and / or a fiber insulation material, in particular mineral fiber or wood fiber, is used to form the thermal insulation layer. Thermal insulation panels made from the aforementioned thermal insulation materials ensure adequate thermal insulation. Furthermore, they make it easier to fix the reinforcing fabric to a thermal insulation layer produced therefrom, since the pin-like or mandrel-like fixing means of the fixing element can easily penetrate into the respective thermal insulation panel.
Bei Verwendung einer Wärmedämmplatte aus einem Polymerschaum basiert dieser vorzugsweise auf Polystyrol, Phenolharz, Polyurethan, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polyisocyanurat und/oder einem Biopolymer, wie beispielsweise Polylactid. Wärmedämmplatten aus Polymerschaum sind besonders formstabil und daher leicht zu verarbeiten. Zugleich ist ein ausreichender Halt der stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel in der Wärmedämmplatte gewährleistet, da ein Polymerschaum beim Eindrücken der stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel zunächst nachgibt, sich dann aber wieder in Richtung der stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel ausdehnt, so dass das Wärmedämmmaterial gegen die Fixiermittel drückt.When using a thermal insulation board made of a polymer foam, this is preferably based on polystyrene, phenolic resin, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisocyanurate and / or a biopolymer such as polylactide. Thermal insulation boards made of polymer foam are particularly dimensionally stable and therefore easy to process. At the same time, a sufficient hold of the pin-like or mandrel-like fixative in the thermal insulation panel is ensured, since a polymer foam gives way when the pin-like or mandrel-like fixative is pressed in, but then expands again in the direction of the pin-like or mandrel-like fixative, so that the thermal insulation material against the Fixer presses.
Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass die mindestens eine Wärmedämmplatte zur Ausbildung der Wärmedämmschicht mittels eines Klebers am bauseitigen Untergrund angebracht wird. Der Kleber vermag Unebenheiten des Untergrunds auszugleichen, so dass die derart hergestellte Wärmedämmschicht vergleichsweise planeben ist. Ferner lassen sich Wärmedämmplatten bei der Verklebung in der Ebene ausrichten, so dass die Platten dicht gestoßen werden können.It is also proposed that the at least one thermal insulation panel for forming the thermal insulation layer is attached to the on-site subsurface by means of an adhesive. The adhesive is able to compensate for unevenness in the surface, so that the thermal insulation layer produced in this way is comparatively flat. Furthermore, thermal insulation panels can be aligned in the plane when glued, so that the panels can be butted tightly.
Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird ferner eine Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen, die ein Fixierelement zur Fixierung des Armierungsgewebes auf der Wärmedämmschicht umfasst. Das Fixierelement weist einen scheibenförmigen Grundkörper und stift- oder dornähnliche Fixiermittel auf, wobei die stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel auf einer ersten Oberfläche von zwei Oberflächen des scheibenförmigen Grundkörpers angeordnet sind.To carry out the method according to the invention, a device is also proposed which has a fixing element for fixing the reinforcing fabric on the Thermal insulation layer includes. The fixing element has a disk-shaped base body and pin-like or pin-like fixing means, the pin-like pin or pin-like fixing means being arranged on a first surface of two surfaces of the disk-shaped base body.
Bei der Verwendung des Fixiermittels ist dieses derart zu orientieren, dass die stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel auf der der Wärmedämmschicht zugewandten Rückseite des Fixierelements zu liegen kommen. Die stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel können dann durch das Armierungsgewebe hindurch in die Wärmedämmschicht eingedrückt werden, so dass der Grundkörper des Fixierelements das Armierungsgewebe gegen die Wärmedämmschicht drückt. Mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, die vorzugsweise lediglich aus dem Fixierelement besteht, kann demnach die Fixierung des Armierungsgewebes an der Wärmedämmschicht deutlich vereinfacht werden. Insbesondere kann das Anbringen und Fixieren des Armierungsgewebes in einem Arbeitsschritt erledigt werden.When using the fixing agent, it is to be oriented in such a way that the pin-like or mandrel-like fixing agents come to rest on the rear side of the fixing element facing the thermal insulation layer. The pin-like or mandrel-like fixing means can then be pressed through the reinforcement fabric into the thermal insulation layer, so that the base body of the fixing element presses the reinforcement fabric against the thermal insulation layer. By means of the device according to the invention, which preferably consists only of the fixing element, the fixing of the reinforcing fabric to the thermal insulation layer can thus be significantly simplified. In particular, the attachment and fixing of the reinforcement fabric can be done in one step.
Beim Fixieren des Armierungsgewebes mit Hilfe des Fixierelements werden vorzugsweise mehrere Fixierelemente in regelmäßigen Abständen auf der Wärmedämmschicht platziert. Die Anzahl der Fixierelemente richtet sich dabei bevorzugt nach der Anzahl zu setzender Dämmstoffdübel, sofern diese gefordert sind. Das Fixierelement kann in diesem Fall zugleich als Bohrschablone und/oder Unterlegscheibe für einen zu setzenden Dämmstoffdübel dienen.When fixing the reinforcing fabric with the help of the fixing element, preferably several fixing elements are placed on the thermal insulation layer at regular intervals. The number of fixing elements is preferably based on the number of insulation dowels to be set, if these are required. In this case, the fixing element can also serve as a drilling template and / or washer for an insulation plug to be placed.
Der Grundkörper des Fixierelements weist hierzu bevorzugt eine zentrale Ausnehmung zur Führung eines Bohrers und/oder zur Aufnahme eines Dämmstoffdübels auf.For this purpose, the base body of the fixing element preferably has a central recess for guiding a drill and / or for receiving an insulation plug.
Weiterhin bevorzugt weist der Grundkörper mehrere Durchbrechungen auf, die - vorzugsweise in gleichem Winkelabstand zueinander - um die zentrale Ausnehmung des Grundkörpers herum angeordnet sind. Über die Durchbrechungen gelangt eine aufzubringende Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Klebermasse auch hinter das Fixierelement, so dass die hieraus hergestellte Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht das Armierungsgewebe möglichst vollständig abdeckt. Die Durchbrechungen können jede beliebige Form aufweisen. Beispielsweise können sie kreisrund oder schlitzartig geformt sein. Derartige Durchbrechungen sind besonders einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar.Furthermore, the base body preferably has a plurality of openings which are arranged around the central recess of the base body, preferably at the same angular distance from one another. A plaster, mortar and / or adhesive compound to be applied also passes behind the openings Fixing element, so that the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer produced from this covers the reinforcing fabric as completely as possible. The openings can have any shape. For example, they can be circular or slit-shaped. Such openings are particularly simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
Zur Optimierung des Durchflusses einer Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Klebermasse durch den Grundkörper wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Durchbrechungen im Wesentlichen sektorförmig gestaltet sind. Das heißt, dass die Durchbrechungen lediglich durch radial verlaufende Stege und/oder durch mindestens einen kreisringförmigen Steg voneinander getrennt werden. Derartige Durchbrechungen führen zu einer gitterartigen Struktur des Grundkörpers, so dass besonders großflächige Durchbrechungen ausgebildet werden bzw. die Fläche der Durchbrechungen größer als der Flächenanteil des Grundkörpers ist, der geschlossen ausgebildet ist. Die zwischen den Durchbrechungen verbleibenden Stege stellen dabei eine ausreichende Formstabilität des Grundkörpers sicher.In order to optimize the flow of a plaster, mortar and / or adhesive mass through the base body, it is proposed that the perforations are essentially sector-shaped. This means that the openings are separated from one another only by radially extending webs and / or by at least one annular web. Such openings lead to a lattice-like structure of the base body, so that particularly large-area openings are formed or the area of the openings is larger than the area portion of the base body that is formed closed. The webs remaining between the openings ensure sufficient dimensional stability of the base body.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Grundkörper einen abgesenkten zentralen Bereich aufweist. Dieser ist vorzugsweise auf der zweiten Oberfläche des Grundkörpers angeordnet. Das heißt, dass der abgesenkte zentrale Bereich auf der der Wärmedämmschicht abgewandten Vorderseite des Grundkörpers ausgebildet ist. Der abgesenkte zentrale Bereich kann somit der abschnittsweisen Aufnahme eines Dämmstoffdübels, insbesondere eines teller- oder kragenförmigen Abschnitts eines Dämmstoffdübels dienen. Um eine flächenbündige Aufnahme zu ermöglichen, ist vorzugsweise der zentrale Bereich um das Dickenmaß des teller- oder kragenförmigen Abschnitts des Dämmstoffdübels abgesenkt.In a development of the invention, it is proposed that the base body have a lowered central area. This is preferably arranged on the second surface of the base body. This means that the lowered central area is formed on the front side of the base body facing away from the thermal insulation layer. The lowered central area can thus serve to receive an insulation dowel in sections, in particular a plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of an insulation dowel. In order to enable flush mounting, the central area is preferably lowered by the thickness of the plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of the insulation anchor.
Zur Ausbildung des abgesenkten zentralen Bereichs ist vorzugsweise der Grundkörper gestuft ausgeführt. Die Stufe kann dabei einseitig oder beidseitig ausgebildet sein. Bei einer einseitig ausgebildeten Stufe weist der Grundkörper bevorzugt eine planebene Rückseite auf, so dass eine große Auflagefläche zur Auflage des Grundkörpers auf dem Armierungsgewebe geschaffen wird. Ist die Stufe beidseitig ausgebildet, weist vorzugsweise der Grundkörper eine gleichbleibende Dicke aus. Weiterhin vorzugsweise bildet der vorderseitig abgesenkte zentrale Bereich rückseitig eine erhabene Auflagefläche aus, die der Auflage des Grundkörpers auf dem Armierungsgewebe dient. Die Auflagefläche ist in diesem Fall kleiner und wird radial außen von einem ringförmigen Bereich begrenzt, der in einem Abstand zum Armierungsgewebe zu liegen kommt. Der Grundkörper kann auf diese Weise leichter von einer aufzubringenden Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Klebermasse umströmt werden.To form the lowered central area, the base body is preferably of stepped design. The step can be designed on one side or on both sides. In the case of a step formed on one side, the base body preferably has a flat back, so that a large contact surface for Support of the base body is created on the reinforcing fabric. If the step is formed on both sides, the base body preferably has a constant thickness. Furthermore, the central region, which is lowered on the front, forms a raised support surface on the back, which serves to support the base body on the reinforcing fabric. The contact surface is smaller in this case and is delimited radially on the outside by an annular region which comes to lie at a distance from the reinforcing fabric. In this way, a plaster, mortar and / or adhesive mass to be applied can flow around the base body more easily.
Durch eine gestufte Ausführung des Grundkörpers kann zudem die Formsteifigkeit des Fixierelements erhöht werden.The stiffness of the fixing element can also be increased by a stepped design of the base body.
Da der teller- oder kragenförmige Abschnitt eines Dämmstoffdübels in der Regel ringförmig ausgebildet ist, wird zur flächenbündigen Aufnahme dieses Abschnitts ferner vorgeschlagen, dass die Stufe des Grundkörpers, die der Ausbildung des abgesenkten zentralen Bereichs dient, ringförmig verläuft. Der Innendurchmesser des abgesenkten zentralen Bereichs ist vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen gleich dem Außendurchmesser des teller- oder kragenförmigen Abschnitts des Dämmstoffdübels gewählt bzw. geringfügig größer.Since the plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of an insulation dowel is generally ring-shaped, it is further proposed for the flush-fitting reception of this section that the step of the base body, which serves to form the lowered central region, runs in a ring-shaped manner. The inner diameter of the lowered central area is preferably selected to be substantially the same as the outer diameter of the plate-shaped or collar-shaped section of the insulation dowel or is slightly larger.
Zur Erhöhung der Formsteifigkeit des Fixierelements wird alternativ oder ergänzend vorgeschlagen, dass der Grundkörper Verstärkungsrippen aufweist. Vorzugsweise sind die Verstärkungsrippen auf der ersten Oberfläche, d. h. der der Wärmedämmschicht zugewandten Rückseite des Grundkörpers angeordnet. Die Anordnung der Verstärkungsrippen erfolgt demnach auf der gleichen Seite wie die Anordnung der stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel. Mittels der Verstärkungsrippen werden Zwischenräume geschaffen, die einen Abstand des Grundkörpers in Bezug auf das Armierungsgewebe definieren. Bei Ausbildung einer Putz-, Mörtel-, und/oder Kleberschicht auf dem Armierungsgewebe füllen sich die Zwischenräume mit der hierzu aufgebrachten Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Klebermasse.To increase the rigidity of the fixing element, it is alternatively or additionally proposed that the base body has reinforcing ribs. The reinforcing ribs are preferably arranged on the first surface, ie on the rear side of the base body facing the thermal insulation layer. The arrangement of the reinforcing ribs is therefore on the same side as the arrangement of the pin-like or mandrel-like fixing means. Gaps are created by means of the reinforcing ribs, which define a distance between the base body and the reinforcing fabric. When a plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer is formed on the reinforcing fabric, the spaces fill with the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive compound applied for this purpose.
Um ein Umströmen des Grundkörpers durch die Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Klebermasse zu erleichtern, sind vorzugsweise die Verstärkungsrippen radial verlaufend und/oder im Bereich eines radial verlaufenden Stegs angeordnet. Letzteres besitzt den Vorteil, dass zugleich die Formsteifigkeit des Stegs erhöht wird. Dieser kann somit zugunsten der Fläche der angrenzenden Durchbrechungen besonders schmal ausgebildet werden.In order to facilitate the flow of the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive mass around the base body, the reinforcing ribs are preferably arranged radially and / or in the region of a radially extending web. The latter has the advantage that the dimensional stability of the web is increased at the same time. This can therefore be made particularly narrow in favor of the area of the adjacent openings.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der Grundkörper einen Außendurchmesser auf, der 50 mm bis 150 mm, vorzugsweise 90 mm beträgt. Dies ermöglicht die Verwendung des Fixierelements in Kombination mit einem herkömmlichen Dämmstoffdübel, der in der Regel - vorzugsweise im Bereich eines Dübeltellers - einen maximalen Außendurchmesser von 40 mm bis 60 mm besitzt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the base body has an outer diameter which is 50 mm to 150 mm, preferably 90 mm. This enables the fixing element to be used in combination with a conventional insulation plug, which generally has a maximum outside diameter of 40 mm to 60 mm, preferably in the area of a plug plate.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird daher vorgeschlagen, dass die Vorrichtung neben dem Fixierelement einen Dämmstoffdübel und ein Befestigungsmittel umfasst, das in den Dämmstoffdübel eingesetzt oder einsetzbar ist. Bei dem Befestigungsmittel kann es sich insbesondere um eine Schraube oder einen Nagel handeln. Mittels der Schraube bzw. des Nagels kann der Dämmstoffdübel zumindest abschnittsweise gespreizt werden, so dass eine optimale Verankerung des Dämmstoffdübels im Untergrund erreichbar ist.In a development of the invention, it is therefore proposed that the device comprises, in addition to the fixing element, an insulating plug and a fastening means which can be inserted or used in the insulating plug. The fastening means can in particular be a screw or a nail. By means of the screw or the nail, the insulation plug can be spread at least in sections, so that an optimal anchoring of the insulation plug in the subsurface can be achieved.
Das Fixierelement und der Dämmstoffdübel stellen bevorzugt eigenständige Bauelemente dar, die unabhängig voneinander verbaubar sind. Müssen keine Dämmstoffdübel gesetzt werden, kann die Fixierung des Armierungsgewebes auf der Wärmedämmschicht allein mittels des vorgeschlagenen Fixierelements bewirkt werden.The fixing element and the insulation plug preferably represent independent components that can be installed independently of one another. If no insulation dowels need to be set, the reinforcement fabric can be fixed on the thermal insulation layer using only the proposed fixing element.
Die Ausbildung von Fixierelement und Dämmstoffdübel als eigenständige Bauelemente ermöglicht zudem erst die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Denn bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird zunächst das Armierungsgewebe mit Hilfe eines Fixierelements an der Wärmedämmschicht fixiert. Danach wird der Dämmstoffdübel gesetzt, sofern dieser gefordert ist. Dies ermöglicht den Einsatz des Fixierelements als Bohrschablone bei der Ausbildung einer Bohrung, in welcher der Dämmstoffdübel einsetzbar ist.The design of the fixing element and insulation dowel as independent components also enables the method according to the invention to be carried out. Because in the method according to the invention that is first Reinforcing mesh fixed to the thermal insulation layer with the help of a fixing element. Then the insulation plug is placed, if this is required. This enables the use of the fixing element as a drilling template in the formation of a hole in which the insulation plug can be used.
Alternativ oder ergänzend kann der Grundkörper des Fixierelements als Unterlegscheibe und/oder Dübelteller eingesetzt werden. Als Unterlegscheibe vergrößert das Fixierelement die Auflagefläche des Dämmstoffdübels an der Wärmedämmschicht bzw. am Armierungsgewebe, so dass der Formschluss zwischen der Wärmedämmschicht und dem Dämmstoffdübel verbessert wird. Dient das Fixierelement zugleich als Dübelteller, kann ein einfacher Kragendübel als Dämmstoffdübel eingesetzt werden, der anstelle eines eigenen Dübeltellers lediglich einen kleinen Kragen besitzt, um einen Formschluss zwischen dem Fixierelement und dem Dübel zu gewährleisten.Alternatively or in addition, the base body of the fixing element can be used as a washer and / or dowel plate. As a washer, the fixing element increases the contact area of the insulation plug on the thermal insulation layer or on the reinforcement fabric, so that the positive connection between the thermal insulation layer and the insulation material anchor is improved. If the fixing element also serves as a dowel plate, a simple collar dowel can be used as an insulation plug, which has only a small collar instead of its own dowel plate to ensure a positive fit between the fixing element and the dowel.
Des Weiteren wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Dämmstoffdübel einen teller- oder kragenförmigen Abschnitt aufweist, der flächenbündig in den abgesenkten zentralen Bereich des Grundkörpers einsetzbar ist. Die flächenbündige Aufnahme des Dämmstoffdübels im Fixierelement ermöglicht die Ausbildung einer besonders dünnschichtigen Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht, die das Armierungsgewebe, das Fixierelement und den Dämmstoffdübel dennoch sicher abdeckt. Diese trocknet somit auch schneller durch, was sich insbesondere dann als Vorteil darstellt, wenn die Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht der Befestigung, insbesondere der Verklebung, stein- oder plattenförmiger Fassadenelemente dient.Furthermore, it is proposed that the insulation anchor have a plate-shaped or collar-shaped section that can be inserted flush in the lowered central area of the base body. The flush mounting of the insulation dowel in the fixing element enables the formation of a particularly thin layer of plaster, mortar and / or adhesive, which nevertheless reliably covers the reinforcement mesh, the fixing element and the insulation dowel. This also dries through faster, which is particularly advantageous if the plaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer is used for fastening, in particular gluing, stone or plate-shaped facade elements.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung werden nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Ferner wird anhand der Zeichnungen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erklärt. Die Zeichnungen zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf die Rückseite einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform, -
Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Vorderseite der Vorrichtung derFig. 1 , -
Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Rückseite einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform, -
Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf die Rückseite einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß einer dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsform, -
Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf die Vorderseite der Vorrichtung derFig. 4 und -
Fig. 6 mehrere Darstellungen der aufeinanderfolgenden Verfahrensschritte bei der Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit Hilfe einer Vorrichtung gemäß denFiguren 1 und 2 .
-
Fig. 1 2 shows a top view of the back of a device according to the invention in accordance with a first preferred embodiment, -
Fig. 2 a plan view of the front of the device of theFig. 1 . -
Fig. 3 2 shows a plan view of the back of a device according to the invention in accordance with a second preferred embodiment, -
Fig. 4 3 shows a plan view of the rear of a device according to the invention in accordance with a third preferred embodiment, -
Fig. 5 a plan view of the front of the device of theFig. 4 and -
Fig. 6 several representations of the successive method steps when carrying out a method according to the invention with the aid of a device according to theFigures 1 and 2 ,
Die in den
Der Grundkörper 5 des in den
Vor dem Aufbringen der Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder Kleberschicht wird jedoch die Wärmedämmschicht 2 unter Zuhilfenahme von Dämmstoffdübeln 9 zusätzlich im bauseitigen Untergrund verankert. Hierzu werden Bohrungen 7 gesetzt, die sich durch die Wärmedämmschicht 2 hindurch bis in den Untergrund erstrecken. Das Fixierelement 4 kann dabei als Bohrschablone eingesetzt werden, indem die zentrale Ausnehmung 8 des Grundkörpers 5 zur Führung eines Bohrers 15 genutzt wird (siehe
Wie der
Wie wiederum der
In der
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist den
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsformen beschränkt. Insbesondere kann die Erfindung Abwandlungen umfassen, welche sich hinsichtlich der Anzahl, der Form, der Größe und/oder der Anordnung der Durchbrechungen 16 unterscheiden. Ferner kann bzw. können die Anzahl, die Größe, die Form und/oder die Anordnung der stift- oder dornähnlichen Fixiermittel 6 variieren.The invention is not restricted to the illustrated embodiments. In particular, the invention can include modifications which differ in the number, shape, size and / or arrangement of the
Die dargestellten Ausführungsformen einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind jeweils aus Kunststoff gefertigt. Auch dies stellt kein zwingendes Merkmal der Erfindung dar. Durch die Verwendung von Kunststoff zur Herstellung der Vorrichtung kann diese besonders kostengünstig hergestellt werden. Alternativ kann die Vorrichtung aber auch aus einem metallischen Werkstoff hergestellt sein.The illustrated embodiments of a device according to the invention are each made of plastic. This is also not a mandatory feature of the invention. The use of plastic for the production of the device makes it particularly inexpensive to produce. Alternatively, the device can also be made of a metallic material.
- 11
- Wärmedämmplattethermal insulation board
- 22
- Wärmedämmschichtthermal barrier
- 33
- ArmierungsgewebeArmierungsgewebe
- 44
- Fixierelementfixing
- 55
- Grundkörperbody
- 66
- Fixiermittelfixer
- 77
- Bohrungdrilling
- 88th
- Ausnehmungrecess
- 99
- Dämmstoffdübelinsulation fixing
- 1010
- Befestigungsmittelfastener
- 1111
- Putz-, Mörtel- und/oder KleberschichtPlaster, mortar and / or adhesive layer
- 1212
- Fassadenelementfacade element
- 1313
- Oberflächesurface
- 1414
- Oberflächesurface
- 1515
- Bohrerdrill
- 1616
- Durchbrechungperforation
- 1717
- Stegweb
- 1818
- Stegweb
- 1919
- zentraler abgesenkter Bereichcentral lowered area
- 2020
- Verstärkungsrippereinforcing rib
- 2121
- teller- oder kragenförmiger Abschnittplate or collar-shaped section
- 2222
- zentraler erhabener Bereichcentral raised area
Claims (14)
- A method for manufacturing a cladding system, wherein at least one thermal insulation panel (1) is mounted on a substrate forming part of a building in order to form a thermal insulation layer (2), on which thermal insulation layer (2) a reinforcement fabric (3) is placed and the reinforcement fabric (3) is fixed on the thermal insulation layer (2) at least temporarily, characterized in that for said fixation at least one device according to claim 6 is used, wherein the pin or spike fixation means (6) of the fixation element (4) is pressed in through the reinforcement fabric (3) into the thermal insulation layer (2) so that the reinforcement fabric (3) is pressed against the thermal insulation layer (2) via the base plate (5) of the fixation element (4).
- The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a borehole (7) is created in the area of a central opening (8) of the base plate (5), which extends through the thermal insulation layer (2) into the substrate, and an insulation material dowel (9) including attachment means (10), in particular in the form of a screw or a nail, is inserted into the borehole (7).
- The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plaster, mortar and/or adhesive layer (11) is applied to the reinforcement fabric (3), wherein preferably brick- or panel-shaped cladding elements (12) are attached on the reinforcement fabric (3) and the thermal insulation layer (2) by means of the plaster, mortar and/or adhesive layer (11).
- The method according to the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to form the thermal insulation layer (2), at least one thermal insulation panel (1) of a polymer foam, a mineral foam and/or of a fibre insulation material is used, wherein preferably a polymer foam based on polystyrene, phenolic resin, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisocyanurate and/or a biopolymer, such as polylactide, is used.
- The method according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal insulation panel (1) is mounted on a substrate forming part of the building by means of an adhesive.
- A device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a fixation element (4) for fixing the reinforcement fabric (3) on the thermal insulation layer (2), characterized in that the fixation element (4) has a disc-shaped base plate (5) with a central opening (8) for guiding a drill (15) and/or for receiving an insulation material dowel (9) and comprises pin or spike fixation means (6), and wherein the pin or spike fixation means (6) are arranged on a first surface (13) of two surfaces (13, 14) of the disc-shaped base plate (5), further comprising an insulation material dowel (9) and an attachment means (10), preferably in the form of a screw or a nail, which is inserted or can be inserted in the insulation dowel (9).
- The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the base plate (5) has a plurality of apertures (16), which are preferably arranged with the same angular distance in relation to one another around the central opening (8).
- The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the apertures (16) are separated from one another by radially extending ribs (17) and/or by at least one annular rib (18).
- The device according to claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the base plate (5) has a recessed central area (19), which is preferably arranged on the second surface (14) of the base plate (5).
- The device according to claim 9, characterized in that, in order to form the recessed central area (19), the base plate (5) is configured to be tiered, wherein preferably the tier extends in the form of a ring.
- The device according one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the base plate (5) has reinforcing fins (20), which are preferably arranged on the first surface (13) of the base plate (5) .
- The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the reinforcement fins (20) are arranged so as to extend radially and/or in the area of a radially extending rib (17).
- The device according one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the base plate (5) has an outer diameter D, which is 50 mm to 150 mm, preferably 90 mm.
- The device according one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the insulation material dowel (9) has a plate- or collar-shaped section (21), which can be inserted in a flush manner into the recessed central area (19) of the base plate (5).
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP16167622.6A EP3239430B1 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2016-04-29 | Method for manufacturing a facade system and device for executing the method |
ES16167622T ES2775523T3 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2016-04-29 | Procedure to produce a facade system and device to carry out the procedure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP16167622.6A EP3239430B1 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2016-04-29 | Method for manufacturing a facade system and device for executing the method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3239430A1 EP3239430A1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
EP3239430B1 true EP3239430B1 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
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EP16167622.6A Active EP3239430B1 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2016-04-29 | Method for manufacturing a facade system and device for executing the method |
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Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2218452A (en) * | 1988-05-28 | 1989-11-15 | Mr | Method and device for ensuring minimum thickness render coat |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0011781B1 (en) | 1978-11-24 | 1983-01-12 | Friedrich Heck | Process for manufacturing insulated plastered façades and insulating building panels for carrying out the process |
DE8212983U1 (en) * | 1982-05-05 | 1982-07-15 | Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen | Insulating plate dowels with holding element for fixing reinforcing fabrics |
EP0286370A3 (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1989-05-10 | 698315 ONTARIO LTD. carrying on business as CONSTRUMAT RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT | Reinforced cementitious panel |
DE29909236U1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 1999-08-05 | Duena Befestigungstechnik Gmbh | Plaster facade dowels |
DE10247457A1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-22 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag | Composite thermal insulation system and building equipped with it |
US8966845B1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-03-03 | Romeo Ilarian Ciuperca | Insulated reinforced foam sheathing, reinforced vapor permeable air barrier foam panel and method of making and using same |
-
2016
- 2016-04-29 EP EP16167622.6A patent/EP3239430B1/en active Active
- 2016-04-29 ES ES16167622T patent/ES2775523T3/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2218452A (en) * | 1988-05-28 | 1989-11-15 | Mr | Method and device for ensuring minimum thickness render coat |
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