EP3034711B1 - Ceilings edge formwork element - Google Patents

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a slab edge formwork element with an insulating body made of PUR and/or PIR rigid foam, which is intended to insulate the edge of a concrete slab, and with a separating layer, which is intended to decouple the insulating body from the concrete slab.

A slab edge formwork element with an insulating body made of polystyrene foam, which is intended to insulate the edge of a concrete slab, has already been proposed, the insulating body being connected to the concrete slab while the concrete slab is being poured.

State of the art DE202013000496U1 a ceiling edge formwork element is known, which is provided with an insulating body made of PUR rigid foam and a separating layer for separating the insulating body from the concrete ceiling.

The object of the present invention is in particular to provide a generic device with improved thermal insulation and reduced costs. The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of patent claim 1, while advantageous configurations and developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Advantages of the Invention

The invention is based on a slab edge formwork element with an insulating body made of PUR and/or PIR rigid foam, which is intended to insulate the edge of a concrete slab, and with a separating layer, which is intended to mechanically decouple the insulating body from the concrete slab . Tensile loading of the insulating body due to shrinkage of the concrete cover while the concrete cover is curing can be prevented. As a result, displacement of the insulating body due to tension from a shrinking concrete cover is reduced and the insulating body can be designed with a smaller component depth with the same stability in relation to the tension of the shrinking concrete cover. Due to the design with a lower component depth a wall thickness of a wall on which the slab edge formwork element and the concrete slab rest can be reduced without reducing support stability. As a result, wall material can be saved and production costs for a structure can be reduced. Furthermore, the insulating body made of PUR and/or PIR rigid foam has better fire behavior, in particular compared to insulating bodies made of polystyrene, as a result of which advantageous fire protection can be achieved.

“Provided” should be understood to mean, in particular, specially programmed, designed and/or equipped. The fact that an object is provided for a specific function is to be understood in particular to mean that the object fulfills and/or executes this specific function in at least one application and/or operating state. A "PUR rigid foam" is to be understood as meaning a foam material made from polyurethane. A "PIR rigid foam" is to be understood as meaning a foam material made from polyisocyanurate (trimerized polyurethane). In this context, an “insulating body made of PUR and/or PIR rigid foam” should be understood to mean an insulating body which consists at least essentially of PUR and/or PIR rigid foam. A body that "consists at least essentially of PUR and/or PIR rigid foam" is to be understood in this context as meaning a body whose material is at least ninety percent of the volume of the body, without a volume of enclosed cavities in the body air and/or without the volume of cell gas trapped in body cavities, is formed from PUR and/or PIR. In principle, further materials can be incorporated into the material of the body, which take up a maximum of ten percent of the volume of the body, without the volume of air trapped in cavities of the body and/or without the volume of cell gas trapped in cavities of the body. The fact that "a separating layer is provided to decouple the insulating body from the concrete ceiling" should be understood in this context to mean that the separating layer is connected to poured concrete when the concrete ceiling is poured, separates the insulating body from the concrete and is intended for this purpose Tensile stress exerted on the interface by shrinkage of the concrete pavement during hardening of the concrete, by elastic expansion and/or by tearing away from the concrete pavement or insulation body, which may create an air gap between the interface and the concrete pavement or insulation body, a transfer to prevent the tensile load on the insulating body.

In the invention, an elastic material applied to the insulating body is proposed, which forms the separating layer. As a result, after the concrete cover has shrunk, a continuous layer of material can be achieved between the insulating body and the concrete cover. As a result, high thermal insulation can be achieved. An “elastic material” is to be understood in particular as a material that can be repeatedly deformed without mechanically damaging or destroying an element made of the material and that, in particular after deformation, automatically returns to a basic shape. The elastic material is preferably formed from an elastic plastic.

In a development of the invention, it is proposed that the separating layer can be stretched or stretched elastically by at least two millimeters. As a result, shrinkage of the concrete during setting and curing can be compensated. In particular, an advantageous adaptation to shrinking concrete is achieved. The separating layer preferably has a longitudinal extension along the component depth of the insulating body, which is a maximum of ten millimeters, particularly preferably a maximum of five millimeters.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the separating layer consists of a PE foam. As a result, a cost-effective separating layer with low thermal conductivity can be achieved. In this context, a “PE foam” is to be understood as meaning a foam material which essentially consists of polyethylene.

In a second embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the insulating body has an inside with a coating that forms the separating layer. As a result, a separating layer that can be produced with little effort can be achieved. An "inside" of the insulating body is to be understood as meaning a side of the insulating body that is intended to be arranged facing the concrete ceiling and which faces away from a side of the insulating body that is intended to be provided with plaster. In this context, a “coating” is to be understood as meaning a film or paint layer applied to the inside.

Furthermore, it is proposed that a layer thickness of the separating layer in an uncompressed state is at most one tenth of a component depth of the insulating body amounts to. As a result, a slab edge formwork element with a reduced component depth can be achieved. The wall thickness of the wall on which the ceiling edge formwork element and the concrete ceiling rest can thus be reduced. By reducing the wall thickness, wall material can be saved and production costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the insulating body has a nominal value of thermal conductivity λ _{D of} less than 0.035 W/(m K), preferably less than 0.030 W/(m K) and particularly preferably less than 0.026 W/(m K) . As a result, a slab edge formwork element with a high thermal insulation effect can be provided. Due to the high thermal insulation effect, a component depth of the insulating body can be reduced. The wall thickness of the wall on which the ceiling edge formwork element and the concrete ceiling rest can thus be reduced. Wall material can be saved as a result of a reduced wall thickness and the production costs of a building can be reduced. A “nominal value of a thermal conductivity” is to be understood here and in the following in particular as a nominal value of a thermal conductivity determined according to DIN EN 13165.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the insulating body has an upper side with a UV protection layer which is intended to shield the insulating body from UV radiation. The PUR and/or PIR rigid foam of the insulating body can thus be protected from damage and the associated reduction in thermal insulation caused by UV light striking the ceiling edge formwork element while the concrete ceiling is curing. In this way, an interruption of several days or several weeks to erecting a building in which the ceiling edge formwork element is used can be made possible without the ceiling edge formwork element subsequently having to be replaced in order to ensure thermal insulation. In this way, additional costs arising from interruptions in construction can be avoided. In principle, other sides of the insulating body can also have a UV protective layer. The UV protection layer consists of a material that absorbs UV radiation, for example a UV-resistant elastomer. The UV protective layer is preferably sprayed or otherwise applied to the insulating body after it has been produced, with a material of the UV protective layer penetrating into cavities in the insulating body on the upper side and is thus partially arranged within the insulating body. In principle, the UV protection layer can also be arranged only on one surface of the insulating body, without penetrating cavities in the insulating body. In an alternative embodiment, the UV protection layer can consist of a quartz base, which is applied to the insulating body as a pasty mass and forms a layer with a layer thickness of approximately half a millimeter to two millimeters. In alternative versions, the UV protection layer can also be arranged entirely on the upper side.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the insulating body has an outside with a plaster base layer which is intended to accommodate an external plaster of a building. As a result, an additional cover layer can be dispensed with. As a result, a wall thickness can be reduced. An "outside" is to be understood in this context as meaning a side of the insulating body which is located on an outside in a fully built state of a building and which is opposite a side on which the separating layer is arranged. A "plaster base layer" is to be understood in this context as a layer which is intended to form a basis for applying a plaster system for an external plaster of a building wall. In particular, the plaster base layer has a layer thickness of several millimeters and is therefore significantly thicker than other layers such as the UV protection layer. A “plaster system” is to be understood in particular as a layered structure with at least one plaster layer. The plaster system preferably comprises three plaster layers, a base coat, a carrier layer and a top coat. Alternatively, the outside of the insulating body can also be provided for connecting the external plaster without an intermediate support. In such a configuration, the outside of the insulating body is preferably designed to be open-pored in order to form a positive and/or material connection with the plaster system. In such a configuration, the insulating body preferably also has a UV protection layer on the outside.

Furthermore, a slab edge formwork with a large number of slab edge formwork elements according to the invention is proposed. As a result, a tensile load on the insulating body due to shrinkage of the concrete cover during hardening of the concrete cover can be reduced. A relative expansion of the insulating body due to the train of a shrinking concrete cover can thus be reduced and the insulating body can be the same stability against the pull of the shrinking concrete cover can be designed with a lower longitudinal extension. The wall thickness of a wall on which the slab edge formwork element and the concrete slab rest can be reduced without reducing the stability of the support due to the design with a smaller longitudinal extension. As a result, wall material can be saved and production costs for a structure can be reduced.

In addition, a method for producing a structure, in particular a building with at least one concrete ceiling, is proposed, in which at least one ceiling edge formwork element according to the invention is used. A wall thickness of a wall on which the slab edge formwork element and the concrete slab rest can be reduced while maintaining a support stability. As a result, wall material can be saved and costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the ceiling edge formwork element is glued to a wall on its underside. As a result, the slab edge formwork element can be securely fastened and the position of the concrete slab secured during casting.

It is also proposed that after the slab edge formwork element has been glued to the wall, a concrete slab is cast, with the slab edge formwork element forming part of a slab edge formwork of the concrete slab. A slab edge formwork with a lower component depth than with insulating bodies can be achieved. As a result, a wall thickness of a wall on which the slab edge formwork element and the concrete slab rest can be reduced without reducing support stability. As a result, wall material can be saved and production costs for the structure can be reduced.

Furthermore, it is proposed that after pouring the concrete ceiling, another wall is placed on the ceiling edge formwork element and the concrete ceiling. As a result, another wall with a reduced wall thickness can be erected, and production costs for the structure can be reduced.

Furthermore, a structure produced by the method according to the invention is proposed. A building with reduced wall thicknesses of a wall on which the slab edge formwork and the concrete slab rest can be achieved. This can Wall material is saved and manufacturing costs for the building can be reduced.

drawings

Further advantages result from the following description of the drawings. Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into further meaningful combinations.

Fig. 1

eine erste Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Deckenrandschalungselements mit einem Dämmkörper, der dazu vorgesehen ist, einen Deckenrand einer Betondecke zu dämmen, und mit einer Beschichtung, die dazu vorgesehen ist, den Dämmkörper von der Betondecke zu entkoppeln,

Fig. 2

eine Detailansicht des Deckenrandschalungselements,

Fig. 3

eine Darstellung eines Bauwerks, das unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Deckenrandschalungselemente errichtet wurde, und

Fig. 4

eine zweite Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Deckenrandschalungselements.

Show it:

1

a first embodiment of a slab edge formwork element according to the invention with an insulating body which is intended to insulate a slab edge of a concrete slab, and with a coating which is intended to decouple the insulating body from the concrete slab,

2

a detailed view of the slab edge formwork element,

3

a representation of a structure that was erected using the slab edge formwork elements according to the invention, and

4

a second embodiment of a slab edge formwork element according to the invention.

Description of the exemplary embodiments

the figures 1 and 2 show a ceiling edge formwork element 10a with an insulating body 11a made of PUR and PIR rigid foam, which insulates a ceiling edge of a concrete ceiling 21a, and with a separating layer 12a, which decouples the insulating body 11a from the concrete ceiling 21a. Ninety percent of the volume of the insulating body 11a, without a volume of air in cavities, consists of a mixture of rigid PUR foam and rigid PIR foam in the same proportions by volume. In alternative versions, the insulating body 11a can also be made entirely of rigid PUR foam or rigid PIR foam or of a mixture with unequal proportions of rigid PUR foam and PIR rigid foam. figure 1 shows a detail of a building 20a, in which the ceiling edge formwork element 10a is used.

The insulating body 11a has an inner side 14a which faces the edge of the concrete slab 21a, an outer side 15a which is arranged opposite the inner side 14a, an underside 16a with which the insulating body 11a rests on a lower wall 22a and an upper side 17a , which is opposite the underside 16a and on which an upper wall 23a rests in a illustrated finished state of construction. The insulating body 11a is glued to the wall 22a on the underside 16a. The walls 22a, 23a are intended to be plastered without an additional thermal insulation composite system. The walls 22a, 23a can be designed, for example, as brick masonry or as masonry made of aerated concrete blocks. A U-value of the walls 22a, 23a is less than 0.15 W/(m ² K).

A component depth 25a of the insulating body 11a parallel to a wall thickness 27a of the lower wall 22a is at least 80 millimeters; in this exemplary embodiment, the component depth 25a is 120 millimeters. A height extension 26a of the insulating body 11a is 200 millimeters and corresponds to a ceiling thickness 28a of the concrete ceiling 21a. The insulating body 11a is cut to size in order to adapt its height extension 26a to the ceiling thickness 28a of the concrete ceiling 21a.

The separating layer 12a is connected to the concrete of the concrete cover 21a. When the concrete cover 21a is poured, concrete is bonded to the separating layer 12a. During setting and hardening of the concrete, the concrete shrinks and exerts a tensile force on the release liner 12a. The separating layer 12a absorbs this tensile force and reduces the exertion of the tensile force on the insulating body 11a.

An elastic material applied to the insulating body 11a forms the separating layer 12a. The elastic material is applied to the inside 14a of the insulating body 11a and is fastened to the insulating body 11a by means of adhesive beads 13a. In alternative embodiments, the elastic material can have adhesive properties and can stick to the inside 14a of the insulating body 11a or be connected to the inside 14a of the insulating body 11a over a large area by means of a continuous adhesive layer. The elastic material of the separating layer 12a is stretched by the tensile force of the shrinking concrete and the tensile force is converted into a stretching of the elastic material implemented so that a transmission of the tensile force is prevented on the insulating body 11a.

The separating layer 12a consists of a PE foam. The PE foam has a nominal value of thermal conductivity λ _D measured according to European DIN EN 13165 of 0.040 W/(m·K). In an uncompressed state, the separating layer 12a has a layer thickness 24a of five millimeters.

The elastic material can be elastically stretched by at least two millimeters. An expansion of two millimeters can be done non-destructively from the uncompressed state. The elastic material can thus be stretched non-destructively by forty percent of a layer thickness 24a in the uncompressed state. A shrinkage of the concrete of the concrete cover 21a by two millimeters during setting and hardening is thus completely converted into an expansion of the elastic material without a tensile load being exerted on the insulating body 11a.

The layer thickness 24a of the separating layer 12a in the uncompressed state is one twenty-fourth of the component depth 25a of the insulating body 11a. In alternative embodiments, the layer thickness 24a of the separating layer 12a in the uncompressed state can be up to a tenth of the component depth 25a of the insulating body 11a.

The insulating body 11a has a nominal value of thermal conductivity λ _D measured according to European DIN EN 13165, which is 0.027 W/(m·K) or less. In alternative embodiments, the insulating body 11a can have different nominal values for a thermal conductivity λ _D that are less than 0.035 W/(m·K). The nominal value of a thermal conductivity λ _{D of} the insulating body 11a is therefore approximately one hundredth or a few hundredths of the nominal value of a thermal conductivity λ of concrete, which is approximately 2.1 W/(m*K). The insulating body 11a thus achieves high thermal insulation in the contact area of the lower wall 22a, the concrete cover 21a and the upper wall 23a.

The insulating body 11a has a UV protection layer 18a on its upper side 17a, which is intended to shield the insulating body 11a from UV radiation. The UV protection layer 18a is designed as a layer made of UV-resistant polymers, in which UV radiation is absorbed. The insulating body 11a is provided by means of the UV protection layer 18a protected against decomposition of the PUR rigid foam and the PIR rigid foam, even if the ceiling edge formwork element 10a is exposed to the influence of light over a long period of time due to construction interruptions. The UV protective layer 18a has been applied to the insulating body 11a after it has been produced, with the UV protective layer 18a partially penetrating the surface into cavities of the insulating body 11a. In this exemplary embodiment, the UV protection layer 18a has a layer thickness of half a millimeter. In alternative configurations, the UV protection layer 18a can have a smaller layer thickness, for example a layer thickness of a tenth of a millimeter. In an alternative embodiment, the UV protective layer 18a can also consist of a quartz base, which is applied to the insulating body as a pasty mass and forms a UV protective layer 18a with a layer thickness of between half a millimeter and two millimeters.

The insulating body 11a also has a plaster base layer 19a on its outer side 15a, which is intended to accommodate an external plaster of a building 20a. The exterior plaster is designed as a layered structure with three plaster layers, a base coat, a carrier layer and a top coat. The plaster base layer 19a has a thickness of several millimeters and is significantly thicker than the UV protection layer 18a. A material of the plaster base layer 19a has been sprayed onto the insulating body 11a after it has been produced and has penetrated into cavities in the PUR rigid foam and PIR rigid foam of the insulating body 11a.

A multiplicity of slab edge formwork elements 10a, which are placed together, form a slab edge formwork which surrounds the concrete slab 21a at one edge during casting. Ceiling edge formwork elements 10a, which are arranged in a finished state of the structure 20a at building corners, are covered by plaster base layers 19a on all outer sides that are not covered by the upper wall 23a in the finished state. The plaster base layers 19a also protect the insulating body 11a from UV radiation, which is absorbed in the plaster base layer 19a.

In a method for producing a structure 20a, which is designed, for example, as a building with at least one concrete ceiling 21a and in which the ceiling edge formwork elements 10a according to the invention are used, in a first step, the ceiling edge formwork element 10a is attached to its underside 16a glued to a wall 22a. Gluing takes place with a customary adhesive for attaching foam elements to a material of the wall 22a.

The underside 16a of the ceiling edge formwork element 10a is formed by the insulating body 11a. The insulating body 11a is provided on the underside 16a to be connected to the wall 22a, 23a by gluing. The slab edge formwork element 10a is free of additional fastening elements, such as in particular an additional leg which is intended to be covered by the concrete slab. The separating layer 12a forms a flat surface which is intended for contact with the concrete cover 21a. Of the top wheel formwork element 10a, only the separating layer 12a is provided for contact with the concrete top 21a.

After the slab edge formwork element 10a has been bonded to the wall 22a, the concrete slab 21a is poured, with the slab edge formwork element 10a forming part of a slab edge formwork for the wall 22a. In the manner already described, a tensile force during the setting and hardening of the concrete is converted into an expansion of the elastic material that forms the separating layers 12a of the slab edge formwork elements 10a, so that a tensile force on the insulating body 11a of the slab edge formwork elements 10a is avoided.

After the concrete cover 21a has been poured and the concrete of the concrete cover 21a has set and hardened, another wall 23a is placed on the cover edge formwork element 10a and the concrete cover 21a.

figure 3 shows a structure 20a that was produced with the method described above. Structure 20a is designed as a building. The building has building exteriors with the lower wall 22a and the upper wall 23a, between which ceiling edge formwork with ceiling edge formwork elements 10a is arranged, as well as building openings 29a, 30a and 31a, which are designed as windows or doors.

In figure 4 another embodiment of the invention is shown. The following description and the drawing are essentially limited to the differences between the exemplary embodiments, whereby with regard to identically designated components, in particular with regard to components with the same reference symbols, the drawings and/or the description of the other exemplary embodiment of

Figures 1 to 3 is referenced. To distinguish between the exemplary embodiments, the letter a is the reference number of the exemplary embodiment in FIGS Figures 1 to 3 adjusted. In the embodiment of figure 4 the letter a is replaced by the letter b.

figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the ceiling edge formwork element 10b with an insulating body 11b made of PUR and PIR rigid foam, which insulates a ceiling edge of a concrete ceiling, and with a separating layer 12b, which decouples the insulating body 11b from the concrete ceiling (not shown). The insulating body 11b has an inner side 14b with a coating that forms the separating layer 12b. The coating is in the form of a lacquer which is applied to the inside 14b.

The coating contacts poured concrete of the concrete pavement. When the concrete of the concrete cover sets and hardens, the concrete exerts a tensile force on the coating as it shrinks and the coating tears away from the insulating body 11b, as a result of which an air gap is formed between the insulating body 11b and the concrete cover. The tensile force is thus only transmitted to the separating layer 12b and the insulating body 11b is decoupled from the tensile force.

Reference sign

10

Slab edge formwork element

11

insulating body

12

release layer

13

glue bead

14

inside

15

outside

16

bottom

17

top

18

UV protection layer

19

plaster base layer

20

structure

21

concrete ceiling

22

Wall

23

Wall

24

layer thickness

25

component depth

26

elevation

27

Wall thickness

28

ceiling thickness

29

building opening

30

building opening

31

building opening

Claims (14)

1. Ceiling marge sheathing element with an insulating body (11a; 11b) of PUR rigid foam and/or PIR rigid foam that is configured for an insulation of a ceiling marge of a concrete ceiling (21a), and with a separating layer (12a; 12b) that is configured for a decoupling of the insulating body (11a; 11b) from the concrete ceiling (21a),

   characterised by an elastic material which is applied on the insulating body (11a) and which forms the separating layer (12a),

   wherein concrete combines with the separating layer (12a) when the concrete ceiling (21a) is poured.
2. Ceiling marge sheathing element according to claim 1,
   characterised in that the separating layer (12a) is extendable or expandable elastically by at least two millimetres.
3. Ceiling marge sheathing element according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the separating layer (12a) consists of a PE foam.
4. Ceiling marge sheathing element according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the insulating body (11b) comprises an inner side (14b) with a coating that forms the separating layer (12b).
5. Ceiling marge sheathing element according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a layer thickness of the separating layer (12a) is in a non-compressed state no more than a tenth of a component depth (25a) of the insulating body (11a).
6. Ceiling marge sheathing element according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the insulating body (11a; 11b) has a nominal value of a thermal conductivity λ_D that is smaller than 0.035 W/(m*K).
7. Ceiling marge sheathing element according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the insulating body (11a; 11b) has an upper side (17a, 17b) with a UV-protection layer (18a; 18b) that is configured to shield the insulating body (11a; 11b) from UV radiation.
8. Ceiling marge sheathing element according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the insulating body (11a; 11b) has an outer side (15a; 15b) with a plaster base layer (19a; 19b) that is configured to receive an exterior plaster of a construction (20a).
9. Ceiling marge sheathing with a plurality of ceiling marge sheathing elements (10a; 10b) according to one of the preceding claims.
10. Method for creating a construction (20a), in particular a building, with at least one concrete ceiling (21a),
    characterised in that at least one ceiling marge sheathing element (10a; 10b) according to one of claims 1 to 8 is utilized.
11. Method according to claim 10,
    characterised in that the ceiling marge sheathing element (10a; 10b) is glued on an underside (16a; 16b) with a wall (22a; 22b).
12. Method according to claim 11,

    characterised in that after a gluing of the ceiling marge sheathing element (10a; 10b) with the wall (22a), a concrete ceiling (21a) is poured,

    wherein the ceiling marge sheathing element (10a; 10b) forms part of a ceiling marge sheathing of the concrete ceiling (21a).
13. Method according to claim 12,
    characterised in that after a pouring of the concrete ceiling (21a) a further wall (23a) is put upon the ceiling marge sheathing element (10a; 10b) and the concrete ceiling (21a).
14. Construction, created with a method according to one of claims 10 to 13.

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