Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
  • E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
  • E04H4/0087—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls prefabricated and floor cast in situ
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
  • E04H7/02—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor
  • E04H7/18—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material

Definitions

• the invention relates to a waterproof and resistant tank, having a bottom and a side wall made from prefabricated elements and also covers a method of constructing such a tank.
• the side wall and the bottom are often made of reinforced or prestressed concrete.
• the concrete is not sufficiently waterproof by itself and that it is therefore necessary to cover the internal face of the wall with a layer of a product ensuring sealing.
• the sealant When the tank must contain drinking water, it is obviously essential that the sealant is suitable for this use. In addition, the tank must be cleaned periodically and the sealing layer may be damaged. On the other hand, certain corrosive products can, in the long run, attack the waterproofing coating and the concrete.
• the side wall of the tank consists of a set of juxtaposed prefabricated panels, each comprising a wall element of sufficient thickness to withstand the pressure of the fluid, with two lateral sides, an upper side and a lower side and covered, on an internal face, with a continuous sealing sheet extended by three parts respectively covering the lateral sides and the lower side and each having a length greater than the thickness of the element so as to exceed the outside of the wall by an overhanging part.
• Said panels are applied against one another by their lateral sides and rest, by their lower side on a slab constituting the bottom of the tank and covered with a sealing sheet having a peripheral projecting part extending to the outside of the wall placed on the slab, and the adjacent projecting parts of the sealing sheets covering all of the panels and the bottom are connected together so as to limit a sealed tank.
• the lateral projecting parts of the sealing sheet of each panel are tightly connected with the lateral projecting parts of the adjacent panels and the lower projecting part is connected with the peripheral part of the covering sheet covering, tank bottom.
• the sealing sheet covering each panel is made of a metal adapted to the fluid contained and the projecting parts of the sheets of the two adjacent panels are interconnected by welding their outer edges.
• the sealed connection can also be produced by crimping or bonding.
• the sealing sheet is made of stainless steel, in particular for tanks containing drinking water.
• stainless steel is relatively expensive, but because the pressure resistance is provided by the concrete wall, the sealing sheet can have a very thin thickness and, as a result, the cost increases of construction is offset by the reduction in maintenance costs and the increase in the service life of the tank.
• stainless steel can even be profitable for tanks containing other products, for example hydrocarbons or for manure pits in the agricultural field, because it is much better resistant to corrosion and cleaning is facilitated.
• the bottom is first made, consisting of a concrete slab on which a continuous sealing sheet is applied having a peripheral edge and it is placed on this slab , along said peripheral edge, a set of juxtaposed panels forming the side wall, and each covered with a sealing sheet having three projecting parts, folded along the two lateral sides, and on the lower side, said panels being placed l 'one next to the other, so that the folded overhanging parts are applied one on the other and a tight connection is made, on the one hand, at the bottom, between the peripheral edge of the sheet covering the slab and the edge outer of the sheet folded over the lower side of each panel and, on the other hand, in each joint plane between two panels, between the outer edges, parts of the sheets folded over the adjacent lateral sides of said panels.
• the external parts of the sealing sheets protruding outside the wall are electrically connected to a ground, so as to provide cathodic protection.
• a tank is produced in the bottom of a pit which is backfilled around the side wall, after the latter has been laid.
• the embankment can therefore secure the juxtaposed panels.
• this can constitute the mass ensuring cathodic protection.
• Such a belt can also be produced at an intermediate level, or else at the upper part of the panels, above the maximum level of the product contained in the tank.
• a fastening belt may consist of beam-shaped elements, arranged one after the other, along the upper part of the wall.
• each element extends on either side of a joint plane between two adjacent panels, and is secured to said panels to produce a continuous belt.
• this joining belt can consist of at least one elongated piece having, in cross section, a U-shaped profile covering the upper part of the wall.
• Figure 1 is a front view of a prefabricated panel according to the invention.
• Figure 2 and Figure 3 are, respectively, a top view and a side view of the panel.
• Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the junction between two adjacent panels.
• Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the junction between a panel and the bottom of the tank.
• Figure 6 is a partial perspective view of the wall.
• Figure 7 shows schematically, in vertical section, a tank according to the invention.
• Figure 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reservoir.
• Figure 9 is a detail view of the base of a panel.
• Figure 10 is a partial top view.
• Figure 1 1 is a vertical sectional view of the wall.
• Figure 12 shows, in top view, a curved wall variant.
• a tank according to the invention comprises a side wall 10, made up of prefabricated panels 1 placed on a bottom 4 and limiting a capacity (E) capable of containing a fluid product, for example water.
• each prefabricated panel 1 comprises a resistant wall element 2, for example of reinforced concrete, having an external face 21 and an internal face 22 on which a sealing sheet 3 is applied , for example, thin metal strips forming strips welded edge to edge.
• the structural characteristics of the wall element 2, in particular its thickness (e), as well as its reinforcement, are determined as a function of the forces to be supported in service, in particular to resist the pressure of the fluid product (E) contained in The reservoir.
• the metal sheet 3 applied to the panel 2 does not support any effort and only provides sealing. Its thickness therefore depends only on the operating conditions and can range, for example, from a few tenths to 1 or 2 millimeters.
• Each panel 1 preferably has a rectangular shape comprising two lateral sides 23, 23 ′, a lower side 24 and an upper side 25.
• the sealing sheet 3 covers the whole of the internal face 22 of the resistant element 2, at least over a height (h) greater than the maximum height (H) of the product (E) contained in the reservoir.
• the sealing sheet 3 covers a surface greater than that of the internal face 22 of the resistant element 2, and is extended by three parts 33, 33 ', 34 which extend beyond the corresponding sides 23 , 23 ', 24 of element 2, each over a distance (I) greater than the thickness (e) of element 2.
• These extensions 33, 33', 34 of sheet 3 are folded and applied to the lateral sides 23, 23 ′ and the lower side 24 of the element 2, as indicated by arrows in FIG.
• each panel 1 is surrounded, on three sides 23, 23 ', 24, by parts protruding, respectively lateral 35 and lower 37, each having a rectilinear outer edge 35 ', 37'.
• edges of the panel 2 are rounded.
• This box can advantageously be made in advance and placed in the bottom of a mold in order to serve as lost formwork for molding the prefabricated panel 1.
• FIG. 7 illustrates the case of a semi-buried tank.
• a concrete slab 4 is first poured on a surface slightly greater than the cross section to be given to the reservoir and which is limited by a lateral lateral side 41.
• the slab 4 is then covered with a continuous sealing sheet 42 which can optionally be laid before setting the concrete, so as to be integral with it.
• the sealing sheet 42 covers an area greater than that of the slab 4 and therefore extends to a peripheral edge 43 ′ placed beyond the lateral side 41 of the slab 4.
• FIG. 4 which is a detail view, in horizontal section, of the joint between two adjacent panels 1a, 1b, the protruding parts 33a, 33b of the sealing sheets 3a, 3b are applied one on the other in the joint plane (P), between the corresponding lateral sides 23a, 23b of the two panels 1a, 1b and the straight external edges 35'a, 35'b of the two sealing sheets extend l 'next to each other.
• sealing sheets 3a, 3b are made of metal, in particular stainless steel, it is therefore possible to produce a weld bead 36 along the junction between the outer edges 35'a, 35'b of the two sheets sealing 3a, 3b and thus, sealing the wall against the pressure applied to the internal faces 22a, 22b of the two panels by the fluid contained in the reservoir.
• a sealed connection between the edges 33, 33 ′ of the panels can also be produced by crimping.
• each prefabricated panel 1 rests, by its lower side 24, along the side of the slab 4.
• the folded extension 34 of the sealing sheet 3 is applied to the sealing sheet 42 covering the bottom 4 and protrudes beyond the lateral side 41 thereof by an overhanging part 37 bounded by a rectilinear external edge 37 'which extends along the peripheral edge 43 of the sealing sheet 42 and can be welded thereto by a weld bead 38.
• the sealing sheets 3 of each panel 1 are tightly connected, respectively to each other by the weld beads 36 and with the sealing sheet 42 of the bottom 4 by the peripheral weld bead 38.
• These weld beads are capable of withstanding the pressure of the fluid contained in the capacity limited by the side wall 10 and which can infiltrate between the parts 33a, 33b of the sealing sheets which are applied one on the other.
• This infiltration can, moreover, be limited by placing a sealant, for example with silicone, between the facing faces 33a, 33b of the two panels 1a, 1b.
• the lateral sides 33, 33 ′ of the box 3 and, optionally the lower side 34 are reinforced by an excess thickness of metal or by a strip 39 interposed between the outer sheet 33 and the side 23 of the element made of concrete 2, as shown in FIG. 4.
• This strip 39 can moreover be bent so as to cover the rounded edge of connection with the internal face 21. This increases the rigidity of the panel 1 while avoiding the risk of buckling during demolding and transport, which guarantees the application one on the other of the edges to be welded 35'a, 35'b and the maintenance in the time of the weld bead 36, 38.
• the excavation (A) is filled, around the tank, by an embankment (B) which opposes the separation panels under water pressure, after filling the tank.
• the tank has a square or rectangular section.
• each panel 1 can be extended by an upper part 5 forming a beam, in which can be formed, for example, ducts for the passage of one or more bars prestressing 51.
• the bars 51 can be passed through the aligned sheaths and tensioned to ensure the assembly of the assembly, at least at the top of the panels.
• Each wall element 2 is then provided, on its external face 21, with a projecting part in the form of a beam 53 which extends outwards, beyond the external edges 35 of the folded parts of the sealing sheet.
• the projecting parts 53 which are placed at the same level, are in the extension of one another when the panels 1 are put in place on the slab 4 and are connected together so as to form a belt surrounding the whole of the wall.
• the invention thus makes it possible to produce, in a simple and rapid manner, a reservoir whose shape, height and capacity can be determined as required.
• molds readily adaptable to the desired dimensions in the factory and quickly produce the number of panels required, these having a width corresponding to the road gauge, which makes it possible to transport them stacked on a simple trailer.
• We can, however, vary the width of some panels to give the tank the desired dimensions.
• the overflow outside of the overflowing parts 35, 37, 43 of the sealing sheets makes it possible to ensure permanent contact with the earth backfilled around the tank and, thus, the grounding of the latter. ci for cathodic protection.
• the wall retains a relative flexibility and easily collects thermal variations, the folded parts 33a, 33b of the sheets sealing welded by their outer edges 35 forming bellows serving as expansion joints.
• the panels could be embedded in the slab 4, as shown in Figure 9.
• the slab 4 is then provided, around its entire periphery, with a groove device in which engage the base of each panel 1 or a simple rib forming a tenon. In this case, it is not necessary to make a lower belt, the thrust of the fluid being collected by the groove.
• the waterproof sheet 42 which covers the slab 4 can be shaped so as to cover the bottom of the groove 44, as well as the folded part 34 of the sheet 3 covering each panel, the outer edges 37 and 43 being welded together as before .
• the sealing sheet 3 can be very thin and can therefore be folded easily.
• the panels 1 have the shape of a rectangular slab, particularly simple to achieve.
• this form can be modified while retaining the advantages of the invention.
• FIGs 8, 9 and 1 0 there is shown a reservoir in which each prefabricated panel 1 has an enlarged base 6 which allows the panel to stand straight by itself, and can advantageously engage in a groove 44 of corresponding width, formed around the periphery of the slab 4.
• a sealing sheet 42 which, because of its thinness, can be shaped so as to cover the bottom of the groove 44, emerging from the latter by a raised part 45
• the sealing sheet 3 which covers the internal face of the panel is folded over the underside of the base 6 and can come out on the outside so as to be welded with the part 45 of the sealing sheet 42. covering the slab 4.
• the prefabricated panels 1 could also be provided on their lateral sides, of conjugate parts, respectively in hollow and projecting, making it possible to fit one into the other two adjacent panels, the sealing sheet 3 being shaped so as to follow the profile of the socket.
• the side wall preferably includes, at each angle, a square panel 12 which improves the rigidity of the assembly and facilitates the installation of the flat panels.
• the upper belt can also consist of elongated pieces 55 with a U-section, which cover the upper part of the panels 1.
• each U-shaped piece 55 has a length equal to the width of a panel 1, but is offset by half a step so as to cover two adjacent panels, as shown in FIG. 8.
• the U-shaped pieces 55 can be secured to the panels 1 by sealed studs 56.
• the internal face 22 ′ of the square part 12 is rounded so as to ensure a perfect application of the sealing sheet 3 which covers the part 12.
• each panel 1 can be provided with a rib 13 which increases the rigidity of the panel and makes it possible to avoid the installation of an intermediate belt, the panels being held simply at their upper part by the U-shaped pieces 55 and at their lower part by the groove 44 of the slab 4.
• each panel 1 must be straight to allow the folding of the sealing sheet 3, they are not necessarily parallel.
• each panel could have a general trapezoidal shape, with converging lateral sides so as to produce a conical wall.
• the sealing sheet covering each panel can be very thin, it is possible to produce it in stainless steel, the increase in the price of the material being largely offset by the advantages provided. , in particular the reduction of maintenance costs and better resistance over time.
• a reservoir according to the invention will be particularly suitable for containing drinking water or other food products, for example milk.
• the invention may find multiple applications, for example, for the production of tanks containing a hydrocarbon or a harmful or corrosive product such as slurry or industrial waste, in order to avoid pollution of the water table.
• the sealing sheet for each panel from an ordinary metal provided with an adequate coating or from another material, for example a composite or synthetic product.
• a sealed connection could also be obtained by simple bonding of the folded parts 33, 33 ′ applied one to the other.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8860142

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

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• 2001
  • 2001-02-16 FR FR0102182A patent/FR2821105B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-02-15 US US10/468,100 patent/US6874651B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-02-15 JP JP2002566063A patent/JP4086145B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-02-15 EP EP02706864A patent/EP1362152A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-02-15 WO PCT/FR2002/000602 patent/WO2002066770A1/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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