Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
  • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
  • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for cleaning a particle filter in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, in particular a self-igniting internal combustion engine, the particle filter having a filter housing into which filter material through which the exhaust gas can flow is inserted, with (soot) particles separated from the exhaust gas on the filter material and ashes adhere and the resulting ashes can be washed out if necessary by means of a liquid which can be conducted through the filter material.
• Such a method is known from DE 43 13 132 C2.
• the particle filter in the exhaust system of a diesel engine described in this document is cleaned by first burning off the soot particles deposited in the filter material and then flushing the filter material with a liquid, which is in particular an aqueous solvent with additives.
• the purging takes place in countercurrent to the exhaust gas flow.
• the aqueous solution is either continuously conveyed by a pump or taken from a liquid reservoir that is geodetically higher than the particle filter.
• the cleaning is carried out in such a way that the filter material is first completely flooded by closing the drain for the aqueous solution, then it is waited until the ash has detached from the filter material and finally by opening the drain the aqueous solution together with the dissolved ash the filter material is removed. Finally, the filter material can be dried with compressed air.
• the invention has for its object to provide a method for cleaning a particle filter from inorganic residues, which is effective and easy to use.
• the filter material is acted upon alternately with pressure and high flow velocity.
• the ashes and at least partially the (soot) particles are washed out of the filter material much more effectively, namely faster, more completely and more gently than was previously possible.
• the method according to the invention how and where the ashes have arisen. Of course, these may have arisen from chemical reactions of substances stored in the filter material, but may also have been formed within the internal combustion engine by reactions from substances contained in the fuel and in the lubricating oil.
• the filter material is subjected to a two-phase flow of the liquid. The liquid is thus passed through the filter material in its liquid phase and its gaseous phase.
• the liquid is advantageously heated up to the boiling point anyway, the adjustment of the gaseous and the liquid phase of the liquid does not represent any considerable effort.
• the adjustment of the gaseous phase can take place, for example, in the form that part of the liquid is removed from the heating of the liquid up to the boiling point and is transferred, for example, in its separate vapor state in a separate container or container part.
• a gas and the liquid alternately flow through the filter material.
• water vapor, air or exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine running during the cleaning process is advantageously used as the gas.
• other gases can also be used here, but the gases specifically mentioned above have proven themselves here because of their availability. Both variants are therefore easy to use and the particle filter in particular, does not need to be removed from the exhaust line.
• tap water is used as the liquid. If necessary, wash-active and in particular environmentally compatible substances are added to the tap water. This can be done by generating an appropriate mixture in an appropriate storage container or else by metered addition while the tap water is being passed through the filter material.
• the temperature of the liquid is adjusted to approximately 60 to 100 ° C. during the action on the filter material.
• the temperature is adjusted in particular as a function of the current temperature in the filter material. If, for example, the temperature in the filter material is higher than 100 ° C. before or at the start of the cleaning process, the liquid is introduced at a low temperature (for example 60 ° C.) to cool the filter material. If the filter material has a temperature of below 100 ° C. at the beginning of the cleaning process, the liquid can be introduced into the filter material in vapor form in order to generate the liquid phase which is favorable for the cleaning process by condensation within the filter material.
• the fluctuations in pressure and flow velocity are generated by pulsation of the gas and / or by pulsating introduction of the liquid. This can be done, for example, by clocked actuated valves in the feed lines or by pumps or compressors actuated by clocked actuation.
• the liquid and / or the gas is passed through the filter material in counterflow to the exhaust gas flow. This is the preferred embodiment, but a direction of flow in the same direction is also possible.
• the backwashed (soot) particles can exit together with the cleaning substances through a cleaning opening upstream of the particle filter.
• the internal combustion engine is in operation during this cleaning process, the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine likewise being able to flow out through the cleaning opening upstream of the particle filter.
• This training is preferably carried out during a workshop cleaning process in the installed state. This training prevents water or ash sludge from getting into the internal combustion engine or up to sensitive sensors in the exhaust system. It is also conceivable to use the exhaust gas in this process as the gaseous substance of the cleaning combination.
• the washed ash is separated from the liquid and collected in a downstream separator, for example in a liquid separator.
• the liquid is thus available for at least several wash-out processes, while the ash is removed from the liquid separator and disposed of.
• cleaning takes place during a visit to the workshop or during normal operation or an interruption of operation of the internal combustion engine on site.
• the single figure shows a particle filter housing 1, in which the filter material 2 is inserted.
• the filter housing 1 is designed in the shape of a circular cylinder and has annular end pieces 3a, 3b.
• An exhaust gas supply line 4a and an exhaust gas discharge line 4b open into these end pieces 3a, 3b.
• the exhaust gas supply line 4a is connected in a suitable manner to the internal combustion engine, while the exhaust gas discharge line 4b opens into the surroundings.
• further silencers and / or cleaning devices or exhaust gas bypasses or exhaust gas short-circuit lines can also be used in the exhaust gas supply line 4a and the exhaust gas line 4b.
• the filter material 2 particles and ashes are filtered out of the exhaust gas during operation of the internal combustion engine. Most of these particles consist of soot and organic residues.
• Various methods are available for the continuous or discontinuous removal of these substances from particle filters, which are carried out depending on time or operation.
• the particles deposited in the filter material 2 can at least largely be converted into ashes by combustion or chemical processes.
• the particles emitted by internal combustion engines also contain inorganic components, mainly oxidation products of organometallic lubricating oil and fuel additives as well as wear products. These substances (ashes) cannot be removed by conventional methods. These ashes are removed by washing out the filter material 2.
• the filter material is at least flowed through by a liquid which is passed through the filter material 2 alternately at pressure and high flow rate.
• at least two further connecting pieces 5a, 5b are arranged in the end pieces 3a, 3b, through which the liquid is introduced into the filter housing 1 and discharged again.
• the liquid is passed through the filter housing 1 in counterflow to the exhaust gas stream or with the exhaust gas stream.
• a check valve 6 which then closes automatically or manually operated.
• Further connecting pieces 7a, 7b can also be let into the end pieces 3a, 3b, through which the liquid is passed in a different phase state.
• the liquid in another phase state is introduced and discharged alternately to the liquid in the first phase state through the connecting pieces 5a, 5b.
• the liquid is normally water, to which wash-active substances are optionally added, the temperature of the liquid during the action on the filter material 2 being preferably controlled, depending on the filter temperature, from 60 to 100 degrees Celsius.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
• Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
• Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

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Family Cites Families (16)

• 2000
  • 2000-11-07 DE DE10055210A patent/DE10055210A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2001
  • 2001-11-06 EP EP01993748A patent/EP1332277B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-11-06 US US10/415,301 patent/US6926760B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-11-06 DE DE50105917T patent/DE50105917D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-11-06 WO PCT/EP2001/012801 patent/WO2002038921A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2001-11-06 AT AT01993748T patent/ATE293208T1/de active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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