EP1328042B1 - Sub-système d'antenne à commande de phase - Google Patents

Sub-système d'antenne à commande de phase Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1328042B1
EP1328042B1 EP02025792A EP02025792A EP1328042B1 EP 1328042 B1 EP1328042 B1 EP 1328042B1 EP 02025792 A EP02025792 A EP 02025792A EP 02025792 A EP02025792 A EP 02025792A EP 1328042 B1 EP1328042 B1 EP 1328042B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radar system
transmission
data
supply network
transmitter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02025792A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1328042A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz-Peter Feldle
Helmut Dr. Leier
Marc Schreiner
Wolfgang Prof.Dr. Menzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
EADS Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EADS Deutschland GmbH filed Critical EADS Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP1328042A1 publication Critical patent/EP1328042A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1328042B1 publication Critical patent/EP1328042B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0025—Modular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a phased array antenna subsystem with a phased array antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to a particular for a radar system, a SAR, for antennas for systems of electronic war or mission leadership and for navigation or communication systems.
  • Possible platforms for the integration of the functions according to the invention are ground, naval systems, aircraft, satellites, drones and missiles as well as building or vehicle-bound systems.
  • a radar system with a phased array antenna comprising a data and supply network and a number of interchangeable, each containing a transmitter and receiver circuit transceiver modules, a number of circulator circuits and comprises a number of antenna elements coupled via the circulator circuits to the transmitter and receiver shades.
  • the transceiver modules are arranged on the rear side of the data and supply network, which is constructed in a plurality of layers containing a heat sink structure, a power supply structure and an RF supply structure.
  • HF connectors are arranged at respective circulator circuits arranged at the front of the data and supply network and coupled to an antenna element.
  • the transceiver modules are interchangeable from the back of the data and utility network, so the radar system must be accessible from the rear for maintenance.
  • a transmission / reception module of the type described in the introduction in which the transmitter and receiver circuit, the circulator circuit and the antenna elements are combined and which is arranged interchangeably on the emission side of the radar system.
  • the radar system is further characterized by the fact that a cooling system is provided for dissipating the heat generated by the transceiver module
  • the object of the invention is to provide a radar system of the type mentioned with an improved cooling system.
  • the object is achieved by the radar system specified in claim 1.
  • the invention provides a radar system with a phased array antenna having a data and supply network and a number of interchangeable arranged on the data and supply network, each containing a transmitter and receiver circuit in multi-layer structure transceiver modules, a Number of circulator circuits and a number of antenna elements coupled via the circulator circuits to the transmitter and receiver circuits.
  • each transmitter and receiver circuit, circulator circuit and antenna element are combined in each of the transmit / receive modules and the transmit / receive modules are arranged interchangeably on the emission side and at the front of the radar system.
  • the data and supply network is designed as a mechanical support structure in multi-layer structure for the transmit / receive modules, which simultaneously in a first position on a the transmit / receive module side facing the data and supply network arranged, includes a cooling structure and arranged in at least one second layer below the cooling structure, comprising a circuit structure containing HF, data and power supply network.
  • a significant advantage of the radar system according to the invention is that an exchange of transmit / receive modules can be carried out from the emission side or from the front of the radar system, which is a great advantage for many applications.
  • a further advantage of the radar system according to the invention is that the antenna array can also be adapted to a curved surface if a structure-integrated antenna is desired.
  • Yet another advantage of the radar system according to the invention Short RF cables to the antenna and thus a low noise figure, lower RF losses and lower signal coupling.
  • it is an advantage of the radar system according to the invention that thereby a simple construction of the data and supply network is possible.
  • the transmitter and receiver circuit and the circulator circuit and the antenna element are integrated in the form of a multi-layer structure in the transmission / reception module.
  • the antenna element is arranged in the form of a planar antenna at the top of the transceiver module.
  • the multilayer structure comprises a plurality of superimposed, the components of the transmitter and receiver circuit and the circulator circuit supporting substrates.
  • a first substrate is arranged on the side facing the data and supply network side of the transmitting / receiving module and carries an RF power amplifier of the transmitter and receiver circuit.
  • a second substrate is arranged on the side facing away from the data and supply network side of the transmission / reception module and carries the circulator circuit, the antenna element and parts of the transmitter and receiver circuit. This makes it possible to reduce the space requirement and to optimize the noise figure.
  • At least between the first substrate and the second substrate at least a further substrate is arranged, which carries further circuits, in particular an HF processing part and / or a digital processing part.
  • the substrates are integrally formed with a frame structure which simultaneously forms a housing of the transmission / reception module and a mechanical connection of the substrates to one another.
  • the data and supply network is designed as a mechanical support structure for the transmit / receive modules, which simultaneously includes a cooling structure for the transmit / receive modules.
  • the data and supply network is designed as a multi-layer structure, which comprises the cooling structure in the form of a first layer and at least one further, a HF, data and power supply network containing shading structure in the form of a second layer.
  • the cooling structure is preferably arranged on the side of the data and supply network facing the transceiver modules.
  • the cooling structure is preferably designed as an active cooling structure through which a cooling fluid flows.
  • the first substrate carrying the RF power amplifier of the transmitter and receiver circuit is preferably in intensive cooling contact with the cooling structure of the data and supply network.
  • the substrates and / or the frame structure are made of aluminum nitride (AIN).
  • AIN aluminum nitride
  • the substrates themselves are composed of several layers of aluminum nitride and contain vertical and horizontal electrical Contacts. These are multilayer systems that are made up of several layers. Between these layers are electrical conductors (horizontal electrical contacts). These tracks are connected by so-called vias vertically (vertical electrical contacts).
  • the substrates are stacked on top of each other and soldered together.
  • the solder joint is preferably made with hard solder balls encased in solder.
  • the substrates are soldered to each other at the frame structures.
  • the transmit / receive module is advantageously enclosed by a metal collar, which is attached by means of a soldering, welding or gluing technique.
  • the collar is advantageously used to ensure electromagnetic chamfering of the module and the electrical contacts between the substrates and to hermetically seal the module.
  • an electrical connection between the substrates forming electrical contacts are integrated in the frame structure.
  • the transmit / receive modules are the same.
  • the transmission / reception modules are placed on the data and supply network from the emission side or the front side.
  • the transmit / receive modules are fastened to the data and supply network by means of screws engaging at their edge or corner regions.
  • the reference numeral 30 denotes a phased array antenna, which is composed of a larger number of antenna elements 9.
  • the antenna elements 9 are each part of a transmission / reception module 3.
  • the transmission / reception modules 3 are provided for radiation and the reception of a radar transmission signal in the direction indicated by the arrow.
  • a data and supply network 2 is provided for supplying the transmitting / receiving modules 3 with RF and data signals and for power supply and cooling thereof.
  • a system circuit 40 is arranged, which includes further processing circuits of the radar system.
  • the system circuit 40 may also be attached separately from the data and utility network.
  • the transmission / reception module 3 includes a transmitter and receiver circuit 4 including an RF power amplifier 5, a digital processing section 6, and an RF processing section 7.
  • the transmitter and receiver circuit 4 is coupled via a circulator circuit 8 to an antenna element 9, which is located at the top or front side of the transceiver module 3.
  • the circulator circuit 8 and the antenna element 9 are thus combined.
  • the antenna element 9 is in the form of a planar antenna arranged on the front side or upper side of the transceiver module 3.
  • the data and supply network 2 which carries the transmitting / receiving module 3 on its front side or on its emission side, is in the form of a plurality of layers, which have a cooling structure 18 in the form of a first layer and further an HF, data and power supply network containing circuit structures 19 in the form of second layers.
  • the cooling structure 18 is arranged on the side facing the transmitting / receiving module 3 side of the data and supply network 2, so that an intensive cooling contact between the cooling structure 18 and the transmitting / receiving module 3, in particular its RF power amplifier 5 exists.
  • the transmitter and receiver circuit 4 the RF power amplifier 5, the digital processing part 6 and the RF processing part 7 includes, and the circulator circuit 8 integrated in the form of a multi-layer structure in the transmission / reception module 3.
  • the antenna element 9 is arranged in the form of a planar antenna at the top or front side of the transceiver module 3.
  • the multi-layer structure contains a plurality of superimposed, the components of the transmitter and receiver circuit 4 and the circulator circuit 8 supporting substrates 11, 12, 13.
  • a first substrate 11 is disposed on the data and supply network 2 side facing the transceiver module 3 and carries the RF power amplifier 5 of the transmitter and receiver circuit 4.
  • a second substrate 12 is arranged on the side facing away from the data and supply network side of the transceiver module 3 and carries the circulator circuit 8, the planar antenna and parts of the transmitter and receiver circuit, essentially for reasons of space and to improve the noise figure.
  • a further substrate 13 is arranged, which carries further circuits, namely the digital processing part 6 and the RF processing part 7.
  • the substrates 11, 12, 13 are integrally formed with a respective frame structure 14, 15 and 16, respectively. These frame structures 14, 15, 16 simultaneously form a housing 17 of the transmitting / receiving module 3 and a mechanical connection of the substrates 11, 12, 13 with each other.
  • the transmit / receive module is advantageously at least partially enclosed by a metal collar, which is fastened by means of a soldering, welding or adhesive technique.
  • the collar is advantageously used to ensure electromagnetic chamfering of the module and the electrical contacts between the substrates and to hermetically seal the module.
  • the cuff is designated in the figures by the reference numeral 26.
  • the data and supply network 2 is designed as a mechanical support structure for the transmit / receive modules 3 and at the same time contains a cooling structure 18 for the transmit / receive modules 3.
  • the first substrate carrying the RF power amplifier 5 of the transmitter and receiver circuit 4 11 is in intensive cooling contact with the cooling structure 18 of the data and supply network. 2
  • the data and supply network 2 in the form of a multi-layer structure is formed, which the cooling structure 18 in the form of a first layer and at least one further a circuit structure 19 containing an RF data and power supply network in the form of a second layer.
  • the cooling structure 18 is arranged on the side of the data and supply network 2 facing the send / receive module 3.
  • the first substrate 11 carrying the RF power amplifier 5 of the transmitter and receiver circuit 4 is kept in intensive cooling contact with the cooling structure 18 of the data and supply network 2.
  • the cooling structure 18 is designed as an active cooling structure through which a cooling fluid flows.
  • the substrates 11, 12, 13 and the respective integrally connected frame structures 14, 15 and 16 are made of Aln (aluminum nitrite) to ensure efficient heat dissipation.
  • the substrates themselves are composed of several layers of aluminum nitride and contain vertical and horizontal electrical contacts.
  • the substrates 11, 12, 13 are stacked and soldered together in the region of the frame structures 14, 15, 16.
  • hard solder balls 26 are preferably used, which are surrounded by solder during the soldering process and thus connect the electrical contacts on the surface of the substrates. Blunt soldering without solder balls is also possible.
  • the transmit / receive modules 3 are preferably all the same.
  • FIGS. 4 a) and b which shows a small section of a practical embodiment of the radar system according to the invention, it can be seen that the transceiver modules 3 are connected to the data transmission from the emission side. and supply network 2 and secured by means engaging at the corners screws 25 on the data and supply network 2.
  • the electrical connection between the individual transmitting / receiving modules 3 and the data and supply network 2 is accomplished by electrical contact strips 50, which are embedded in the top of the data and supply network 2, ie the cooling structure 18 thereof, and by corresponding contact strips 60th on the underside of the transceiver modules 3.
  • the contact strips designated by the reference numeral 60 on the underside of the modules are not visible in FIG. 4b.
  • the module should be connected to the data and supply network using CIN: APSE contacts. It is a flexible cylindrical wire mesh, which forms a pressure contact in a plastic socket, which produces the electrical connection between two surfaces which are pressed from both sides.
  • the module is preferably connected to the data and supply network by means of such flexible pressure contacts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Système radar avec un arrangement d'antenne à commande de phase, qui comprend un réseau de données et d'alimentation (2) et un nombre de modules d'émission/réception (3) interchangeables, disposés sur le réseau de données et d'alimentation (2), contenant chacun un circuit d'émetteur et de récepteur (4) et un élément d'antenne (9) couplé au circuit d'émetteur et de récepteur (4), et réalisés en une structure à plusieurs couches, dans lequel un circuit d'émetteur et de récepteur (4), un circuit de circulateur (8) et un élément d'antenne (9) sont chaque fois rassemblés dans chacun des modules d'émission/réception (3) et les modules d'émission/réception (3) sont disposés de façon interchangeable sur la face rayonnante du système radar (1), caractérisé en ce que le réseau de données et d'alimentation (2) est réalisé comme une structure de support mécanique en une structure à plusieurs couches pour les modules d'émission/réception (3), qui comporte en même temps dans une première couche une structure de refroidissement (18) disposée sur une face du réseau de données et d'alimentation (2) tournée vers le module d'émission/réception (3) et qui comprend une structure de circuit (19) contenant un réseau HF, de données et d'alimentation électrique disposé dans au moins une deuxième couche en dessous de la structure de refroidissement (18).
  2. Système radar selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'émetteur et de récepteur (4) et le circuit de circulateur (8) sont intégrés dans le module d'émission/réception (3) sous la forme d'une structure à plusieurs couches.
  3. Système radar selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'antenne (9) est disposé sur la face supérieure du module d'émission/réception (3) sous la forme d'une antenne planaire.
  4. Système radar selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la structure à plusieurs couches contient plusieurs substrats disposés l'un au-dessus de l'autre, portant les composants du circuit d'émetteur et de récepteur (4) et le circuit de circulateur (8).
  5. Système radar selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un premier substrat (11) est disposé sur la face du module d'émission/réception (3) tournée vers le réseau de données et d'alimentation (2) et porte un amplificateur de puissance HF (5) du circuit d'émission/réception (4).
  6. Système radar selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un deuxième substrat (12) est disposé sur la face du module d'émission/rëception (3) située à l'opposé du réseau de données et d'alimentation (2) et porte le circuit de circulateur (8).
  7. Système radar selon la revendication 4, 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'encore au moins un autre substrat (13) est disposé entre le premier substrat (11) et le deuxième substrat (12), qui porte d'autres circuits (6, 7), en particulier une partie de traitement HF (7) et/ou une parte de traitement numérique (6).
  8. Système radar selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les substrats (11, 12, 13) sont réalisés d'un seul tenant avec une structure de cadre (14, 15, 16), qui forme en même temps un boîtier (17) du module d'émission/réception (3) et une liaison mécanique des substrats (11, 12, 13) l'un à l'autre.
  9. Système radar selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la structure de refroidissement (18) est réalisée comme une structure de refroidissement active parcourue par un fluide de refroidissement.
  10. Système radar selon la revendication 9 en liaison avec une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le premier substrat portant l'amplificateur de puissance HF (5) du circuit d'émission/réception (4) se trouve en contact de refroidissement intense avec la structure de refroidissement (18) du réseau de données et d'alimentation (2).
  11. Système radar selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les substrats (11, 12, 13) et/ou la structure de cadre (14, 15, 16) sont fabriqués en AlN.
  12. Système radar selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les substrats (11, 12, 13) sont empilés les uns sur les autres et brasés les uns aux autres.
  13. Système radar selon la revendication 12 en liaison avec la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les substrats (11, 12, 13) sont brasés les uns aux autres sur les structures de cadre (14, 15, 16).
  14. Système radar selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisé en ce que des contacts électriques (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) formant une liaison électrique entre les substrats (11, 12, 13) sont intégrés dans la structure de cadre (14, 15, 16).
  15. Système radar selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les modules d'émission/réception (3) sont identiques.
  16. Système radar selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que les modules d'émission/réception (3) sont empilés sur le réseau de données et d'alimentation (2) à partir de la face rayonnante.
  17. Système radar selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les modules d'émission/réception (3) sont fixés sur le réseau de données et d'alimentation (2) au moyen de vis (25) de fixation sur les arêtes et les coins de ceux-ci.
  18. Système radar selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le module d'émission/réception (3) est au moins en partie entouré d'une manchette (26).
EP02025792A 2002-01-09 2002-11-16 Sub-système d'antenne à commande de phase Expired - Lifetime EP1328042B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10200561 2002-01-09
DE10200561A DE10200561B4 (de) 2002-01-09 2002-01-09 Radarsystem mit einem phasengesteuerten Antennen-Array

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1328042A1 EP1328042A1 (fr) 2003-07-16
EP1328042B1 true EP1328042B1 (fr) 2006-03-29

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EP02025792A Expired - Lifetime EP1328042B1 (fr) 2002-01-09 2002-11-16 Sub-système d'antenne à commande de phase

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US (1) US6876323B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1328042B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4156382B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE322090T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10200561B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2258588T3 (fr)

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WO2011042000A1 (fr) 2009-10-09 2011-04-14 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Frontal haute fréquence hermétique étanche

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4156382B2 (ja) 2008-09-24
ES2258588T3 (es) 2006-09-01
US6876323B2 (en) 2005-04-05
DE10200561B4 (de) 2006-11-23
DE50206215D1 (de) 2006-05-18
US20030218566A1 (en) 2003-11-27
JP2004028980A (ja) 2004-01-29
EP1328042A1 (fr) 2003-07-16
ATE322090T1 (de) 2006-04-15
DE10200561A1 (de) 2003-07-24

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