EP1281492A1 - Compaction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The compression aid consists of at least one mold, a vibrator on the mold and a load applying device with at least one punch able to be inserted in the mold. The punch (2) is hollow. The aid includes at least one additional vibration mass (11), which may be fitted in an axial guide and may be in the form of a ball.

Description

The present invention relates to a compression device for a material, which is curable in a defined shape, consisting of at least one Shape into which the material can be inserted from one to a fundamental vibration removable vibration pad on which the mold is arranged, and from a loading device with at least one stamp arranged thereon, the Stamp plate can be inserted into the mold to compress the material.

It is generally known to apply a material by the targeted application of Compress vibrations. For example, concrete slabs and concrete blocks Usually produced with so-called vibration compaction machines, which apply a method in which an earth-moist concrete in a open top box shape with possibly several form fields by means of one Filling car introduced evenly and then by a stamp or a pressure plate with constant shaking or vibrating from above into the mold is pressed. There are several stamps on one using spacer tubes Top plate forming load device arranged together, so that per Mold field a geometrically complementary stamp is provided.

The entire unit formed in this way can be clamped in a production machine. The lower part of the mold containing the form fields mostly rests on a so-called Underlay board, which in turn on a vibration support Vibration table is arranged.

After the earth-moist concrete is poured into the mold fields of the mold base is, the upper part of the mold representing the loading device is placed on the concrete lowered, with the punches arranged on the loading device are penetrating into the respective form fields of the lower mold part. While this process, the vibrating table is subjected to a targeted vibration, which increases the setting effect and thus the concrete is compacted. Here is generally the upper part of the mold only by its own load-bearing component Weight applied.

The earth-moist concrete is usually a mixture of cement and mineral Surcharges. The latter form a grain structure, which is dried by curing cement cement is cemented.

The oscillation usually takes place through sinusoidal up and down movements. The vibrations are generally achieved in that the vibration pad or the vibration table with appropriately designed unbalance motors or similar mechanisms.

In such material compression devices can on the vibration pad different forms or form fields are arranged, the vibrations to be applied vary depending on the shape to be compressed can be used to ensure proper compaction of the material, in particular to ensure earth-moist concrete.

From DE-PS 97 52 60 is for example a stone molding machine with a vibrating device known, in addition to the actual load device, the consists of a stamp in the form of a fall bear, on this additional vibration masses are arranged in the form of so-called auxiliary bears, which are provided there so that their movements when vibrating take place independently of those of the fall bear. The auxiliary bears are guided in the fall bear so that they perform an independent vibration movement can, with which an additional compaction of the mix can take place.

The present invention has for its object a compression device of the type mentioned at the outset, so that basically a higher degree of compaction with the same manufacturing time and / or reduced manufacturing time is achievable.

This task is solved with a compression device according to the Claim 1.

Accordingly, the essence of the invention is to provide an additional one Oscillating mass. This additional vibration mass is according to the invention in the stamp, preferably in all stamps of the loading device freely movable.

If the vibration table is now targeted to a defined, so-called basic vibration During the compression process, the loading device is also subjected with the stamps arranged thereon, the stamp plates each in the Form fields of the form are introduced under the own weight, this defines Fundamental vibration exposed. The one freely movable in the stamps Vibration mass is therefore also due to the fundamental vibration excited.

It becomes clear that due to the free mobility of the additional Vibration mass when a vibration is applied, its inertia comes into play, so that the additional vibration mass causes an additional vibration is generated, which to the fundamental, depending on the inertia this additional vibration mass, with a corresponding phase shift is provided.

According to the invention, this has the effect that in one, preferably only in one Direction of the up and down movement of the vibration table or the vibration pad, the additional vibration mass, especially on the End of the downward movement of the sinusoidal fundamental, an additional one Impulse on the stamp and thus on the one to be compressed in the mold field Exerts material. It can be seen that this results in the same manufacturing time a much higher degree of compaction can be achieved. However, can the production time even with a defined degree of compaction thereby significantly reduce, which increases the quality of the hardened stones and reducing costs at the same time.

According to the invention, the vibration mass contained in the hollow stamp the additional vibration can be moved up and down, either from a single one Vibrating body or consist of several vibrating bodies.

In one embodiment of the invention, a single vibration mass is advantageous axially guided in the hollow stamp. Possible designs are for example a rod guide arranged in the center of the stamp or in groove guides arranged on the inner surface of the stamp, on which the Vibration mass with complementary sliding mechanisms arranged thereon slides.

In a preferred embodiment, the vibration mass for example around a ball guided axially in the stamp.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the vibration mass but also accomplish that several balls, possibly with different diameters, freely movable in the hollow stamp are.

Depending on the material to be compacted, as well as depending the applied oscillation frequency, according to the invention is the density of the Material of the vibration mass, i.e. for example the number of balls, as well the total mass of the vibration mass selected. Depending on what is to be achieved Degree of compaction and depending on the material to be compacted, forms here an interrelation between the individual parameters, which are defined by the expert can be determined empirically if necessary.

According to the invention is also the vibration path, which is determined by the height of the hollow stamp determined depending on the above parameters selected.

If different degrees of compaction are desired or different ones come Materials used in the manufacture of hardened stones, it is desirable to be able to replace the vibration mass if necessary. It is provided according to the invention, the stamp with at least to provide a closable opening for changing the vibration mass.

It has been shown that a variable fundamental frequency during manufacture of concrete blocks or the like gives the best results at degrees of compaction provides.

According to the invention, the device is thus intended in particular for compression or in the production of concrete blocks from earth-moist concrete.

Figur 1

eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines Teils einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verdichtungsvorrichtung;

Figur 2

einen Stempel der Verrichtungsvorrichtung nach Figur 1 mit teilweise geschnittenem Formenfeld;

Figur 3

im Querschnitt einen Stempel gemäß der Erfindung mit der Schwingungsmasse in einer ersten Stellung; und

Figur 4

im Querschnitt einen Stempel gemäß der Erfindung mit der Schwingungsmasse in einer zweiten Stellung.

In the following, the invention will be explained on the basis of an exemplary embodiment which does not restrict this in connection with the attached figures. These show in

Figure 1

a schematic perspective view of part of a compression device known from the prior art;

Figure 2

a stamp of the device according to Figure 1 with a partially cut shape field;

Figure 3

in cross section a stamp according to the invention with the vibration mass in a first position; and

Figure 4

in cross section a stamp according to the invention with the vibration mass in a second position.

FIG. 1 shows a compression device which is well known from the prior art 1, as used for example in a concrete block making machine Commitment comes. This compression device 1 consists of several stamps 2, which are arranged on a load device 3.

Below the stamps 2, a molding box 4 is provided, which has several mold fields 5 for receiving the material to be compressed, here in square Reproduced shape.

The molding box 4 is in turn arranged on a vibration pad 6, the via vibration mechanisms, not shown, for example unbalance motors, can be selectively set into an oscillation, which is preferably in Moved up and down in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stamp 2.

The load device 3 with the stamps 2 is relative to the vibration pad 6 can be swiveled or moved in order after the mold fields 5 have been the material to be compressed and hardened, the stamp penetrate into the respective mold fields 5 under the load of the load device 3 allow.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a stamp 2, which consists of a stamp plate 7, which is attached to a pipe like a flange, the shape of which, of course Stamp plate 7 is complementary to the shape of the mold field 5. In a concrete mass 8 to be compacted is introduced into the mold field 5, so that the Stamp plate 7 with a targeted force F the concrete mass 8 in the mold field 5 squeezes.

FIG. 3 shows the known stamp arrangement from FIG. 2 in cross section, wherein according to the invention the hollow stamp tube an additional Vibration mass 11 has taken up. In the illustration shown here is the Stamp plate 7 of the stamp 2 attached to the tube via a pressure plate 9. The stamp plate 7 is removable and places a filling opening 10 in the pressure plate 9 free, which serves to replace the vibration mass 11 and with a closure is lockable.

In the position of the vibration mass 11 shown in FIG. 3, it is located in the upper area of the hollow stamp 2, i.e. almost at the end one by one Sinusoidal vibration induced upward movement of the vibration mass 11, the due to their inertia is out of phase with the fundamental vibration that the stamp 2, the mold field 5 and the concrete mass 8 by means of the vibration table 6 is exposed.

In the position shown in Figure 4, the vibration mass 11 is at lower end of the stamp 2, i.e. at the time when the additional Vibration mass 11 a further additional compression pulse on the Pressure plate 9 and the stamp plate 7 exerts on the concrete mass 8 to this to condense in addition.

As a result of those caused by the inertia of the vibration mass 11 Phase shift is shown in Figure 4, the position at which the overall arrangement from loading device 3, stamp 2, pressure plate 9, stamp plate 7, Mold field 5 and concrete mass 8 again in the upward movement of the sinusoidal Vibration is located, but the vibration mass 11 itself on arrived at the bottom vertex of the phase-shifted sinusoidal oscillation is where the additional compression pulse comes into play.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

compacting device

2

stamp

3

Auflastvorrichtung

4

molding box

5

form field

6

Vibration pad

7

stamp plate

8th

concrete mass

9

printing plate

10

Filling opening with closure

11

oscillating mass

Claims (11)

Compaction device for a material that can be hardened in a defined shape, consisting of at least one mold into which the material can be introduced, of a vibration support that can be set into a basic vibration, on which the mold is arranged, and of a loading device with at least one arranged thereon Stamp, the stamp plate of which can be inserted into the mold in order to compact the material, characterized in that the stamp (2) is hollow and contains at least one additional vibration mass (11) which is freely movable therein. Compaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration mass (11) is guided on an axial guide provided in the hollow plunger (2). Compaction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vibration mass (11) is a ball. Compaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration mass (11) consists of several balls. Compaction device according to claim 4, characterized in that the density of the balls is selected as a function of the material (8) to be compressed and / or the oscillation frequency to be applied. Compaction device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the material and / or the mass of the vibration mass (11) is selected as a function of the material (8) to be compressed and / or the vibration frequency to be applied. Compaction device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the height of the plunger (2), which determines the path available for the vibration mass (11), as a function of the material (8) to be compressed and / or the vibration frequency to be applied is selected. Compaction device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the stamp (2) has a closable opening (10) for exchanging the vibration mass (11). Compression device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the frequency of the fundamental oscillation is variably adjustable. Use of the device according to claims 1 to 9 in a concrete block making machine for compacting earth-moist concrete in at least a shape. Use of the device according to claim 10 for compacting earth-moist Concrete in the manufacture of concrete blocks or the like.

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