EP1276085B1 - Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Staukennzahl und zur Ermittlung von Rückstaulängen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Staukennzahl und zur Ermittlung von Rückstaulängen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1276085B1 EP1276085B1 EP01116930A EP01116930A EP1276085B1 EP 1276085 B1 EP1276085 B1 EP 1276085B1 EP 01116930 A EP01116930 A EP 01116930A EP 01116930 A EP01116930 A EP 01116930A EP 1276085 B1 EP1276085 B1 EP 1276085B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- determining
- tailback
- time
- length
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining a congestion index ⁇ and the resulting self-calibrating methods for estimating backflow lengths at operator stations for handling individually moved units, such as Light signal systems or locks, with a detector in front of it.
- the variables determined in this way and characteristic values derived from them can be used to control the Light signal systems or locks used or to display the traffic condition be used in higher-level institutions.
- a major disadvantage of this known method is that there are no jam lengths to be able to determine the greater than the distance between the operator station and Are detector.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method with a determination of the backflow length at operator stations for dispatch individually moving units not only between operator station and detector is enabled to with the help of this backflow length or derived values such as Waiting times to control a traffic light system or lock or traffic conditions in parent institutions.
- the present invention provides a method for determining a congestion index ⁇ at operator stations ready for handling individually moving units, whereby Each check-in phase consists of a blocking and a pass phase and is in front the operator station is located by measuring the time (filling time) between Blocking begins or a time linked to the beginning of blocking and permanent occupancy of the detector and subsequent comparison with a reference filling time, where ⁇ if the reference filling time is exceeded, a first value and otherwise a second value is assigned.
- Transition time before the start of the blocking phase coupled time can be selected.
- the yellow phase could be considered as a transition period for light signals.
- the reference filling time can be taken, for example, from simulative tests or empirical studies.
- the reference filling time is advantageously dependent on the geometry of the inflow area, for example on the distance between Detector and operator station, the track width, etc., and / or the pass time of the Operator station selected.
- This method is characterized in that for determining the backflow length no speed measurements are required.
- the slope is advantageously readjusted in every nth handling phase.
- determine the traffic volume q n This results, for example, from an estimate or from the measured number of units that pass the detector during the nth handling phase.
- the traffic volume can be used to calculate how many units were available at least before the operator station during the n- th blocking phase; a lower bound L 0 / n for the backflow length is thus obtained.
- the backflow length function of the previous clearance step L and n -1 ( ⁇ and n ) m n -1 ⁇ and n with ⁇ and n and a suitably chosen m n -1 gives an estimate of the actual backflow length in the current clearance phase.
- the slope of the ( n -1) th clearance phase is advantageously obtained by recursively using the method just described with suitable initial values for ⁇ and 0 and m 0 . This method is therefore self-calibrating.
- the traffic volume q n is preferably measured with the detector located in front of the operator station.
- the lower limit of the accumulation length L 0 / n is given as a linear function of q n , since this simple form is a good approximation.
- the slope of this straight line preferably depends on the time in which the detector is permanently occupied during a section of the dispatch phase. If this dependency is taken into account, the correspondence with the real data improves.
- ⁇ n indicates a traffic jam at a distance of at least L 0 / n from the operator station, on the other hand the estimate of the traffic jam length L and n -1 ( ⁇ and n ) is less than L 0 / n .
- ⁇ n does not indicate a congestion of length L 0 / n , but according to the estimate L and n -1 ( ⁇ and n ), the congestion is even longer than L 0 / n .
- the congestion index determined according to the inventive method described above ⁇ can also be used to determine the saturation time requirement; in this connection is the average time required for a unit with saturated (no longer free) flow during the pass phase.
- the saturation time requirement is a measure of the performance of the operator station.
- it can also be used to estimate the backlog length using a queue model.
- the congestion index ⁇ is first determined using the method according to the invention and the traffic volume q n is measured or estimated. The saturation time requirement can then be exceeded using a suitable initial condition for t B / 0 can be calculated, where t g / n denotes the pass time in the nth dispatch step.
- the backflow length can be determined with the aid of a queue model which, as parameters to be calibrated, contains a model's own saturation time requirement ⁇ B / n with a suitably chosen initial value.
- a procedure can consist of the following steps in every nth handling operation:
- a lower bound for the length of traffic L 0 / n is calculated from the traffic volume.
- a queue model is used to calculate a first estimate of the backflow length L " n . Then L" n and L 0 / n are compared, analogous to the above method for backflow length estimation.
- This method is characterized in that for determining the backflow length no speed measurements are required.
- disturbances in the discharge and in the queue model can advantageously be taken into account a correspondingly modified traffic volume can be used.
- q n is only modified if it is smaller than the second largest value max 10.2 ( q ) of the last ten q values.
- the modified traffic volume q '/ n is then taken where p comp is a constant with which the strength of the interference compensation can be adjusted.
- the calibration of the model's own saturation time requirement is advantageously carried out using a feedback method based on a classic PID controller (proportional-integral-differential controller).
- ⁇ n should be assigned -1 as the first value (if there is no congestion) and 1 as the second value (if there is no congestion).
- L n ⁇ L 0 n + (1- ⁇ ) L " n , ⁇ ⁇ [0.1].
- the detector is located 30 m or approx. 5 vehicles from the stop line. As Reference fill time for this distance is taken 22 seconds.
- ⁇ is assigned the value 0 and otherwise the value 1.
- the degree of occupancy b of the detector is obtained by counting the full seconds between 5 s after the start of passage and 15 s after the end of passage in which the detector is permanently occupied and then divided by the total length of this time interval; thus b ⁇ [0.1].
- Figure 1 shows the calibration of the slope m n .
- the arbitrarily specified value of approx. 20 increases on the first day to the value that corresponds to the traffic characteristics of the lane. Subsequently, only slight adjustments are made. The control behavior is stable and robust.
- FIG. 2 shows the comparison of the estimated, smoothed backlog length with manually ascertained, slightly smoothed backflow length values.
- a squared correlation coefficient of R 2 0.7748 indicates a good relationship between the estimated and real backflow length.
- Disruptions in the drain are compensated for using the occupancy rate known from the above example.
- the macroscopic queue model is taken from RM Kimber and EM Hollis, Traffic queues and delays at road junctions , TRRL Laboratory Report 909, Berkshire, 1979 in this example.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Length-Measuring Devices Using Wave Or Particle Radiation (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- die berechnete Steigung mn der Rückstaulängenfunktion in Abhängigkeit der Zeit aus Verfahren 1,
- Figur 2
- den geschätzten Rückstau (in Fahrzeugen) in Abhängigkeit des explizit gemessenen, geglätteten Rückstaus aus Verfahren 1,
- Figur 3
- die Schätzung des Zeitbedarfswerts t B / n in Abhängigkeit der Zeit aus Verfahren 2.
Claims (20)
- Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Staukennzahl δ an Bedienstationen zur Abfertigung einzeln bewegter Einheiten mit sich abwechselnden Sperr- und Durchlaßphasen und mit vor der jeweiligen Bedienstation befindlichem Detektor durch Messung der Füllzeit zwischen Sperrbeginn oder einem an den Sperrbeginn gebundenen Zeitpunkt und Dauerbelegung des Detektors und anschließendem Vergleich mit einer Referenzfüllzeit, in welchem der Staukennzahl δ bei Überschreiten der Referenzfüllzeit ein erster Wert und bei Nichtüberschreitung der Referenzfüllzeit ein zweiter Wert zugeordnet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, in welchem die Referenzfüllzeit in Abhängigkeit von der Geometrie des Zuflußbereichs der Bedienstation gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, in welchem die Referenzfüllzeit in Abhängigkeit von der Durchlaßzeit gewählt wird.
- Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Rückstaulänge L andn in der n-ten Abfertigungsphase durch(a) Bestimmung der n-ten Staukennzahl δ n nach Anspruch 1,(b) Berechnung einer geglätteten Staukennzahl δ andn unter Verwendung der (n-1)-ten geglätteten Staukennzahl δ and n-1,(c) Ermittlung der Rückstaulänge L andn (δ andn ) = mδ andn mit geeignet vorgegebener Steigung m.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Steigung mn in der n-ten Abfertigungsphase ermittelt wird durch(a) Ermittlung der Verkehrsstärke qn ,(b) Berechnung einer unteren Schranke L 0 / n für die Staulänge in Abhängigkeit von qn ,(c) Ermittlung der Steigung mn durch Vergleich von L 0 / n mit L andn -1(δ andn ) mit geeignet vorgegebener Steigung mn -1.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, in welchem die Steigung mn -1 durch rekursive Anwendung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 5 mit geeigneten Anfangsbedingungen für m 0 und δ and 0 ermittelt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4-6, in welchem die geglättete Staukennzahl δ andn als konvexe Kombination von δ n und δ and n-1 gemäß δ andn = αδ n + (1 - α)δ and n-1, α ∈ [0,1], berechnet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5-7, in welchem die Verkehrsstärke qn mit dem vor der Bedienstation befindlichen Detektor gemessen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5-8, in welchem die untere Schranke L 0 / n der Staulänge als lineare Funktion von qn vorgegeben wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, in welchem die Steigung von L 0 / n (qn ) in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit, in welcher der Detektor während eines Abschnitts der Abfertigungsphase dauerbelegt ist, vorgegeben wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5-10, in welchem die Steigung mn gegenüber mn -1 verändert wird, falls δ n der zweite Wert zugeordnet wird und L 0 / n > L andn -1(δ and n ) = mn -1 δ and n oder falls δ der erste Wert zugeordnet wird und L 0 / n < L andn -1 (δ and n ) = mn -1δ and n , und andernfalls mn = mn -1 gesetzt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5-11, in welchem die Anpassung der Steigung m n über einen geglätteten Wert L ' / n = βL 0 / n (q n ) + (1-β)L and n-1(δ and n ) mit β > 0 erfolgt.
- Verfahren zur Ermittlung des Sättigungszeitbedarfs t B / n, derdem durchschnittlichen Zeitbedarf einer Einheit bei gesättigtem Fluß während der Durchlaßphase entspricht, durch
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, in welchem der Sättigungszeitbedarf t B / n in jeder n-ten Abfertigungsphase um höchstens einen vorgegebenen, maximalen Betrag im Vergleich zum Sättigungszeitbedarf der (n - 1)-ten Abfertigungsphase verändert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, in welchem die Verkehrsstärke qn mit dem vor der Bedienstation befindlichen Detektor gemessen wird.
- Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Rückstaulänge L ' / n durch(a) Bestimmung des Sättigungszeitbedarfs t B / n nach einem der Ansprüche 13-15,(b) Bestimmung des modelleigenen Sättigungszeitbedarfs τ B / n gemäß τ B / n = τ B / n-1 + cd (t B / n - t B / n-1) unter Verwendung des (n-1)-ten Modellsättigungszeitbedarfs τ B / n-1 und mit geeignet gewähltem cd ,(c) Berechnung einer unteren Schranke der Staulänge L 0 / n in Abhängigkeit von qn ,(d) Berechnung einer Rückstaulängenschätzung mit einem Warteschlangenmodell unter Verwendung des modelleigenen Sättigungszeitbedarfs,(e) Kalibrierung des modelleigenen Sättigungszeitbedarfs durch Vergleich der Rückstaulängenschätzung mit der unteren Schranke L 0 / n,(f) Berechnung der Rückstaulänge L " / n mit einem Warteschlangenmodell unter Verwendung des kalibrierten modelleigenen Sättigungszeitbedarfs.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, in welchem die Rückstaulängenberechnung mit einer modifizierten Verkehrsstärke erfolgt, bei der Störungen im Abfluß berücksichtigt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 17, in welchem die Störungskompensation berechnet wird, indem in einem Zeitintervall während der Abfertigungsphase vorbestimmte Zeitintervalle, insbesondere die vollen Sekunden, gezählt werden, in denen der Detektor dauerbelegt ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 16-18, in welchem die Kalibrierung des modelleigenen Sättigungszeitbedarfs mit einem an einen klassischen PID-Regler angelehnten Verfahren vorgenommen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 16-19, in welchem die Rückstaulängenschätzung geglättet wird, indem eine Konvexkombination aus L 0 / n und L " / n gemäß Ln = γL 0 / n + (1 - γ)L " / n , γ ∈ [0,1] gebildet wird.
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50100263T DE50100263D1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2001-07-11 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Staukennzahl und zur Ermittlung von Rückstaulängen |
ES01116930T ES2199910T3 (es) | 2001-07-11 | 2001-07-11 | Procedimiento para determinar un indice de atasco y para determinar longitudes de cola. |
AT01116930T ATE241189T1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2001-07-11 | Verfahren zur bestimmung einer staukennzahl und zur ermittlung von rückstaulängen |
EP01116930A EP1276085B1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2001-07-11 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Staukennzahl und zur Ermittlung von Rückstaulängen |
US10/483,331 US7263435B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-10 | Method for determining a queue identification number and for determining the length of the queue |
CNA028138007A CN1526126A (zh) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-10 | 确定队列识别数和确定队列长度的方法 |
PCT/EP2002/007708 WO2003007268A1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-10 | Verfahren zur bestimmung einer staukennzahl und zur ermittlung von rückstaulängen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01116930A EP1276085B1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2001-07-11 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Staukennzahl und zur Ermittlung von Rückstaulängen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1276085A1 EP1276085A1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
EP1276085B1 true EP1276085B1 (de) | 2003-05-21 |
Family
ID=8178019
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01116930A Expired - Lifetime EP1276085B1 (de) | 2001-07-11 | 2001-07-11 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Staukennzahl und zur Ermittlung von Rückstaulängen |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7263435B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1276085B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1526126A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE241189T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50100263D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2199910T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003007268A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2824648A2 (de) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Erfassung des Verkehrszustandes an einem lichtsignalgesteuerten Knotenpunkt eines Straßennetzes |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1480183A1 (de) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-11-24 | TransVer GmbH | Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Verkehrskenngrössen an Bedienstationen |
US7875698B2 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2011-01-25 | Agfa Graphics Nv | Polymeric initiators |
DE102008022349A1 (de) * | 2008-05-02 | 2009-11-12 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von Rückstaulängen an Lichtsignalanlagen |
DE102008030889A1 (de) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Schätzung einer Staulänge sowie Videodetektor zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
EP2280383B1 (de) | 2009-07-31 | 2012-05-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Verkehrsinformationen für eine Straßenstrecke eines Straßennetzes sowie Verkehrsrechner zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
EP2583256A1 (de) * | 2010-06-21 | 2013-04-24 | BLUELON ApS | Bestimmung einer fortbewegungszeit eines objekts |
US8966343B2 (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2015-02-24 | Western Digital Technologies, Inc. | Solid-state drive retention monitor using reference blocks |
CN109697122B (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2024-03-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | 任务处理方法、设备及计算机存储介质 |
CN112863174B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | 交通流信息获取的方法、装置和计算机设备 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3621842A1 (de) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-07 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur verkehrsabhaengigen gruenzeitbemessung in strassenverkehrssignalanlagen |
JPH03276399A (ja) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-12-06 | Toshiba Corp | 交通渋滞情報作成システム |
JP3235843B2 (ja) * | 1991-03-18 | 2001-12-04 | パイオニア株式会社 | 車載ナビゲーション装置 |
JP3607330B2 (ja) * | 1994-12-06 | 2005-01-05 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 感知器データを用いる渋滞計測方法 |
JP3421205B2 (ja) * | 1996-09-30 | 2003-06-30 | アマノ株式会社 | 車両計数制御装置 |
DE19647127C2 (de) * | 1996-11-14 | 2000-04-20 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zur automatischen Verkehrsüberwachung mit Staudynamikanalyse |
-
2001
- 2001-07-11 ES ES01116930T patent/ES2199910T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-11 EP EP01116930A patent/EP1276085B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-11 AT AT01116930T patent/ATE241189T1/de active
- 2001-07-11 DE DE50100263T patent/DE50100263D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-07-10 CN CNA028138007A patent/CN1526126A/zh active Pending
- 2002-07-10 US US10/483,331 patent/US7263435B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-10 WO PCT/EP2002/007708 patent/WO2003007268A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2824648A2 (de) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Erfassung des Verkehrszustandes an einem lichtsignalgesteuerten Knotenpunkt eines Straßennetzes |
EP2824648A3 (de) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-04-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Erfassung des Verkehrszustandes an einem lichtsignalgesteuerten Knotenpunkt eines Straßennetzes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE241189T1 (de) | 2003-06-15 |
US7263435B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 |
CN1526126A (zh) | 2004-09-01 |
ES2199910T3 (es) | 2004-03-01 |
DE50100263D1 (de) | 2003-06-26 |
WO2003007268A1 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
US20040267439A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
EP1276085A1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
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