Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
  • E04H9/16—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against adverse conditions, e.g. extreme climate, pests
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
  • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
  • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
  • E04D3/24—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like
  • E04D3/30—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like of metal
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
  • E04H6/02—Small garages, e.g. for one or two cars
  • E04H6/025—Small garages, e.g. for one or two cars in the form of an overhead canopy, e.g. carports

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an anti-hail shelter intended to protect a limited space in which is stored material sensitive to the impacts of hailstones.
• the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the automotive field, for the protection of vehicles whose metal bodywork as well as glazing are particularly exposed to this type of bad weather.
• a hailstone of current diameter that is to say of the order of two centimeters, is quite capable of deforming the thin sheets of a modern automobile. If these dimensions become larger, then all the glazing, including the windshield, can be damaged by the impact. Also, in cold regions particularly favorable to this meteorological phenomenon, people have got into the habit of parking their vehicles as much as possible under shelters, natural or not. The problem is more difficult for automakers or car dealers, who are forced to store large quantities of vehicles in parking lots that are too large to prohibit the use of totally closed shelters that are not economically profitable.
• the only devices known in the state of the art take up an empirical principle borrowed from the protection of fruit trees, which consists in stretching a canvas of synthetic fibers at the end of poles connected by cables to their top parts.
• a hail shelter in particular comprising a support structure composed of at least one row of vertical masts provided, in their upper part, with a transverse bar forming cross sets.
• the lateral branches of these sets are also connected at their ends by cables, just like the upper parts of the masts of the row.
• This configuration allows to receive a synthetic canvas deployed conventionally as in the case of a tent.
• hailstones strike the canvas, they roll along its outer surface before falling naturally by gravity to the outer edges of the shelter, or into a drainage chute arranged at the intersection of two rows.
• this type of hail shelter has a number of major drawbacks that may limit its appeal.
• the main one comes from the specific nature of the canvas which, due to its synthetic origin, is extremely sensitive to natural elements. Prolonged exposure to light, or to significant temperature differences, in fact leads to rapid deterioration of this type of fiber, and thus irreparable embrittlement of the fabric which then relaxes and tears very easily. Its replacement must therefore be carried out often, which considerably increases the cost price of such an installation.
• Being unable to support an excessively large mass the fabric is tilted so as to allow instant evacuation of hailstones in the chute or outside the anti-hail shelter. This imperative requires the use of a relatively high supporting structure, which gives the device a much larger size than the protected space, as well as a wind resistance capable of significantly weakening the whole.
• the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and to this end relates to a shelter anti-hail consisting of a rigid frame formed of vertical posts, carrying at their upper part at least two crosspieces connected together by at least two transverse purlins, on which is placed a protective cover intended to provide protection against hail, from a space on the ground, characterized in that said cover is constituted by at least one element in the form of an openwork structure.
• the cover consists of a plurality of individual shaped elements, prior to their installation, according to a profile capable of making them self-supporting and then arranged juxtaposed, between two successive purlins of which they are made integral by the intermediary of fixing means, connecting said self-supporting elements, to the purlins at the ends.
• the advantage of the proposed solution is that the elements are shaped prior to their installation and can therefore be carried out in the factory on large capacity folding machines, thus making it possible to use sheets of metal deployed or perforated larger widths thereby allowing coverage modules of greater range, therefore wider spans.
• the support frame consists of purlins connected transversely by liernes, a flexible cover element being disposed between each pair of purlins, interlaced between the different separating liernes.
• the present invention also relates to the characteristics which will emerge during the description which will follow, and which should be considered in isolation or according to all their possible technical combinations.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of an anti-hail shelter according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view on an enlarged scale of a shelter according to FIG. 1.
• FIG. 3 is a partial view on an enlarged scale of a self-supporting element constituting a cover for a shelter according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
• Figure 4 is a perspective view of an anti-hail shelter according to a second embodiment of one invention.
• FIG. 5 represents a longtudinal section along the plane AA of the anti-hail shelter illustrated in FIG. 4.
• Figure 6 is a front view showing the mesh of a metal cover element.
• the anti-hail shelter designated as a whole in FIG. 1, is composed of a rigid frame 2 formed of vertical posts 3 fixed to the ground and carrying at their upper cross-members 4 parallel and connected together by transverse purlins 5 also parallel to each other on which is disposed a cover 6 generally designated, in the form of an openwork structure, intended to provide protection against hailstones, of a space on the ground.
• the cover 6 consists of a plurality of individual elements 7 shaped, prior to their installation, according to a profile capable of making them self-supporting and then disposed juxtaposed between two successive purlins 5 of which they are made integral by means of fixing means connecting said self-supporting elements 7 to purlins 5 by their end 7a.
• each of the self-supporting elements 7 is perforated and has a cross section shaped according to a profile having at least one convexity.
• the cross section of the convexity of each of the self-supporting elements has two parallel lateral wings connected to each other at their apex by a rounded part to form a U.
• the cross section of the convexity of each of the self-supporting elements has two parallel lateral wings connected to each other at their apex by a perpendicular straight part to form a U.
• the cross section of the convexity of each of the self-supporting elements has two lateral wings joining at the top to form a triangle.
• the cross section of the convexity of each of the self-supporting elements 7 has two lateral wings 8 inclined towards one another and connected to each other at their apex by a straight part 9 to form an isosceles trapezoid. .
• the two lateral wings 8 of each of the self-supporting elements 7 are of equal height and have at their free ends two extensions 10, directed outwards, in the same plane, in order to obtain an omega profile capable of giving it increased rigidity, while ensuring it a stable seat on the purlins 5 and allowing the establishment of fixing means thereon.
• planar extensions 10 of each of the two lateral wings 8 of each of the self-supporting elements 7 are themselves shaped at their ends to produce a flap 11 upwards, of predetermined height and forming a greater angle at 90 ° with said extensions 10, the flap 11 of a self-supporting element 7 being intended to cooperate by contact with the flap 11 of a successive element 7.
• the openwork self-supporting elements 7 are produced from a sheet of expanded metal shaped by folding.
• the self-supporting elements 7 can be obtained from a perforated metal plate or even from a molded plastic, possibly reinforced.
• the means for fixing the self-supporting elements 7 to the purlins 5 may be constituted by screws (not shown) passing through corresponding holes 12 present or to be produced on the planar extensions 10 of the lateral wings 8 of said elements 7 , at their ends 7a bearing on the purlins 5.
• the holes 12 may in fact be constituted by the openings formed by the expanded metal.
• the shelter 1 is made up of a plurality of spans each delimited by two successive purlins 5 parallel to each other and arranged perpendicularly to the crosspieces 4 to form a cover 6 of quadrangular shape consisting of a set of self-supporting elements 7 juxtaposed to form a span and placed end to end with the self-supporting elements 7 of a span next.
• the supporting structure of the anti-hail shelter 20 is of the metal frame type with an I-section.
• this supporting structure is composed of two identical parts, each consisting of two vertical posts 21, 22 at the vertices of which is fixed a horizontal crosspiece 23, 24.
• the four posts 21, 22 fixed in the ground 25 are arranged at the four corners of a rectangular quadrilateral of so that the two crosspieces 23, 24 are positioned parallel to each other and in a substantially horizontal manner.
• the protection device, intended to be supported by the supporting structure here consists of a juxtaposition of flexible cover elements 26. Each of them is supported individually by an elementary part, forming a compartment, of a rigid frame 27 modular structure.
• Each of these compartments is constituted in a similar way to the others, and is attached to each adjacent compartment by means of a common element. Of course, their number can vary from one to infinity depending on the length of the space to be protected.
• the rigid frame 27 comprises three elementary compartments delimited by purlins 28, 29, 30, 31 of metal, parallel to each other and secured perpendicularly to the crosspieces 23, 24 by means of samples 32; the faults 29 and 30 constituting the common elements as previously defined.
• Each of these purlins 28, 29, 30, 31 of section in C also has a vertical edge with tavers which are formed bores 33 regularly spaced from each other and aligned on two superposed levels. These orifices are intended for fixing metallic tubular links 34, 35, secured perpendicularly to said purlins in order to guarantee the capacity of their relative spacings.
• the bores 33 of the purlins 28 and 29, 29 and 30, 30 and 31 are placed directly opposite each other so that the liernes 34, 35, parallel to each other, are arranged in a substantially horizontal manner.
• the ivies 34, 35 of the same compartment do not occupy all of the available orifices but are distributed alternately over the two aforementioned levels, the ivies 34 of the upper level being simply offset in height relative to the ivies 35 from the lower level.
• the bores 33 unoccupied by these spacers are also arranged in a zigzag, but according to a reverse alternation with respect to the plane of symmetry sharing longitudinally each fault 28, 29, 30, 31 with a C section.
• each cover element 26 used is tensioned on the support frame 27 by means of at least one tensioner 36.
• This completely conventional design member therefore not shown in detail in the figures 4 and 5, consists schematically of a mechanical winch cooperating with a tube of polygonal or round section mounted in rotation, around which is wound one end of the cover element 26. If for some reasons whatsoever, the tension on the support frame 27 decreases, it is then possible to tighten said cover element 26 by rotating said tube. In order to allow its rotation, each of the two ends of the latter cooperates with a through bore formed at the end of the purlins 28, 29, 30, 31.
• the flexible cover element 26 is constituted by a sheet of expanded metal 37, the mesh of which is of the type shown in FIG. 6.
• the dimensions of the meshes are calculated to retain hail while allowing passage rain or water from melted hailstones.
• the alternating distribution and on two levels of the liernes 34, 35, deployed respectively between the purlins, imposes a particular positioning of this sheet of expanded metal 37.
• This is placed on the support frame 27 by passing over the liernes 34 of the upper level and below the ivy 35 of the lower level, thus defining in cross section a broken line forming equal angles alternately reentrant and salient.
• the cover element 26 is then tensioned by means of the tensioner 36 in order to give it the necessary stiffness.
• Certain metal parts used can of course be protected against all forms of oxidation by an appropriate surface treatment or by being directly constituted by a metal resistant to this type of attack. This is particularly the case for ivy 34, 35 and cover elements 26 which can advantageously be made of galvanized steel or stainless steel.
• the cover element 26 can also be constituted by a metal mesh, a perforated metal fabric, a metal plate or any other metal part having a flexible and perforated structure; the mesh of said openwork structure having to offer sufficiently small dimensions to prevent a hailstone of medium size from crossing said covering element 26.
• the support structure as well as the support frame 27 can be made indifferently from metal, wood, concrete, or any other material sufficiently rigid to withstand the stresses linked to such assemblies.
• the invention as defined has the advantage of using a metal covering element, that is to say a material whose mechanical properties are not affected by light radiation and remain substantially constant over a very wide range. of temperatures. It also guarantees a tear resistance much higher than that offered by the synthetic fabric of the prior art. All these advantageous characteristics give the protection device a remarkable resistance over time.
• the cover element is capable of supporting a relatively large mass without deforming. So, according to a peculiarity of the invention, it is possible to envisage a horizontal use of the protection device. In this case, the hailstones stopped in their fall are immobilized on the covering element after a possible bursting, before melting then flowing through the perforated structure.
• the cover element has a flexible structure, its placement on a rigid support gives it the stiffness necessary to maintain this momentary excess weight.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
• Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
• Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
• Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8848537

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2000
  • 2000-03-23 FR FR0003861A patent/FR2806748B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-06-14 WO PCT/FR2000/001640 patent/WO2001071115A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-06-14 HU HU0300892A patent/HUP0300892A2/hu unknown
  • 2000-06-14 CZ CZ20023465A patent/CZ20023465A3/cs unknown
  • 2000-06-14 AU AU2000262864A patent/AU2000262864A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-06-14 PL PL00358391A patent/PL358391A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-06-14 CA CA002402750A patent/CA2402750A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-06-14 UA UA2002108327A patent/UA72037C2/uk unknown
  • 2000-06-14 MX MXPA02009186A patent/MXPA02009186A/es unknown
  • 2000-06-14 BR BR0017143-3A patent/BR0017143A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-06-14 EP EP00949536A patent/EP1266100A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-08-31 AR ARP000104557A patent/AR025468A1/es unknown
• 2002
  • 2002-09-23 BG BG107133A patent/BG64398B1/bg unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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